Enforced microglial depletion and repopulation as a promising strategy for the treatment of neurological disorders

B-cell Therapy for Multiple Sclerosis: Entering an era

(2018) Ariele L. Greenfield et al.   ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY

Innate Immunity and Neurodegeneration

(2018) Larisa I. Labzin et al.   Annual Review of Medicine

Liposome-encapsulated clodronate specifically depletes spinal microglia and reduces initial neuropathic pain

(2018) Yi-Rui Wang et al.   BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS

Absence of microglial CX3CR1 impairs the synaptic integration of adult-born hippocampal granule neurons

(2018) M. Bolós et al.   BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY

Microbiome Influences Prenatal and Adult Microglia in a Sex-Specific Manner

(2018) Morgane Sonia Thion et al.   CELL

Disease-Associated Microglia: A Universal Immune Sensor of Neurodegeneration

(2018) Aleksandra Deczkowska et al.   CELL

Microglial interactions with the neurovascular system in physiology and pathology

(2018) Xiaoliang Zhao et al.   Developmental Neurobiology

Csf1R inhibition attenuates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and promotes recovery

(2018) Jillian C. Nissen et al.   EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY

Depletion of microglia augments the dopaminergic neurotoxicity of MPTP

(2018) Xiaoxia Yang et al.   FASEB JOURNAL

Plaque-dependent morphological and electrophysiological heterogeneity of microglia in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model

(2018) Monika Plescher et al.   GLIA

Microglia: Key players in neurodevelopment and neuronal plasticity

(2018) Luba Sominsky et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY & CELL BIOLOGY

Microglia and Aging: The Role of the TREM2–DAP12 and CX3CL1-CX3CR1 Axes

(2018) Carmen Mecca et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES

Bone-Marrow-Derived Microglia-Like Cells Ameliorate Brain Amyloid Pathology and Cognitive Impairment in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease

(2018) Shohei Kawanishi et al.   JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE

Microglia are required for protection against lethal coronavirus encephalitis in mice

(2018) D. Lori Wheeler et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION

Peripherally derived macrophages can engraft the brain independent of irradiation and maintain an identity distinct from microglia

(2018) James C. Cronk et al.   JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE

Identification and therapeutic modulation of a pro-inflammatory subset of disease-associated-microglia in Alzheimer’s disease

(2018) Srikant Rangaraju et al.   Molecular Neurodegeneration

Early long-term administration of the CSF1R inhibitor PLX3397 ablates microglia and reduces accumulation of intraneuronal amyloid, neuritic plaque deposition and pre-fibrillar oligomers in 5XFAD mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease

(2018) Justyna Sosna et al.   Molecular Neurodegeneration

Targeting macrophage and microglia activation with colony stimulating factor 1 receptor inhibitor is an effective strategy to treat injury-triggered neuropathic pain

(2018) SeungHwan Lee et al.   Molecular Pain

Fatal demyelinating disease is induced by monocyte-derived macrophages in the absence of TGF-β signaling

(2018) Harald Lund et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

Re-evaluating microglia expression profiles using RiboTag and cell isolation strategies

(2018) Zhana Haimon et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

Microglia-mediated recovery from ALS-relevant motor neuron degeneration in a mouse model of TDP-43 proteinopathy

(2018) Krista J. Spiller et al.   NATURE NEUROSCIENCE

Repopulated microglia are solely derived from the proliferation of residual microglia after acute depletion

(2018) Yubin Huang et al.   NATURE NEUROSCIENCE

Epigenetic regulation of brain region-specific microglia clearance activity

(2018) Pinar Ayata et al.   NATURE NEUROSCIENCE

Modelling microglial function with induced pluripotent stem cells: an update

(2018) Jennifer M. Pocock et al.   NATURE REVIEWS NEUROSCIENCE

Microglia in neuropathic pain: cellular and molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential

(2018) Kazuhide Inoue et al.   NATURE REVIEWS NEUROSCIENCE

Laser-captured microglia in the Alzheimer's and Parkinson's brain reveal unique regional expression profiles and suggest a potential role for hepatitis B in the Alzheimer's brain

(2018) Diego Mastroeni et al.   NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING

A Combination of Ontogeny and CNS Environment Establishes Microglial Identity

(2018) F. Chris Bennett et al.   NEURON

Microglial Ramification, Surveillance, and Interleukin-1β Release Are Regulated by the Two-Pore Domain K + Channel THIK-1

(2018) Christian Madry et al.   NEURON

Astrocyte-derived interleukin-33 promotes microglial synapse engulfment and neural circuit development

(2018) Ilia D. Vainchtein et al.   SCIENCE

Microglia and alcohol meet at the crossroads: Microglia as critical modulators of alcohol neurotoxicity

(2018) Joana F. Henriques et al.   TOXICOLOGY LETTERS

Noninflammatory Changes of Microglia Are Sufficient to Cause Epilepsy

(2018) Xiaofeng Zhao et al.   Cell Reports

B-Cell Therapies in Multiple Sclerosis

(2018) Joseph J. Sabatino et al.   Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine

RNAseq analysis of hippocampal microglia after kainic acid-induced seizures

(2018) Dale B. Bosco et al.   Molecular Brain

Comparative Effectiveness of Rituximab and Other Initial Treatment Choices for Multiple Sclerosis

(2018) Mathias Granqvist et al.   JAMA Neurology

Repopulating retinal microglia restore endogenous organization and function under CX3CL1-CX3CR1 regulation

(2018) Yikui Zhang et al.   Science Advances

Brain region-specific enhancement of remyelination and prevention of demyelination by the CSF1R kinase inhibitor BLZ945

(2018) Nicolau Beckmann et al.   Acta Neuropathologica Communications

Dual extra-retinal origins of microglia in the model of retinal microglia repopulation

(2018) Yubin Huang et al.   Cell Discovery

Innate immune memory in the brain shapes neurological disease hallmarks

(2018) Ann-Christin Wendeln et al.   NATURE

Microglial repopulation resolves inflammation and promotes brain recovery after injury

(2017) Rachel A. Rice et al.   GLIA

Migratory potential of transplanted glial progenitors as critical factor for successful translation of glia replacement therapy: The gap between mice and men

(2017) Rohit K. Srivastava et al.   GLIA

Siglec-H is a microglia-specific marker that discriminates microglia from CNS-associated macrophages and CNS-infiltrating monocytes

(2017) Hiroyuki Konishi et al.   GLIA

Impact of X-irradiation on microglia

(2017) Franziska Menzel et al.   GLIA

Brucella abortus -activated microglia induce neuronal death through primary phagocytosis

(2017) Ana M. Rodríguez et al.   GLIA

Bioenergetic regulation of microglia

(2017) Soumitra Ghosh et al.   GLIA

The TREM2-APOE Pathway Drives the Transcriptional Phenotype of Dysfunctional Microglia in Neurodegenerative Diseases

(2017) Susanne Krasemann et al.   IMMUNITY

The Diverse Roles of Microglia in the Neurodegenerative Aspects of Central Nervous System (CNS) Autoimmunity

(2017) Kaitlyn Thompson et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES

Complex Roles of Microglial Cells in Ischemic Stroke Pathobiology: New Insights and Future Directions

(2017) Revathy Guruswamy et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES

Microglia in Alzheimer’s disease

(2017) David V. Hansen et al.   JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY

Exploring the role of microglia in cortical spreading depression in neurological disease

(2017) Mamoru Shibata et al.   JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM

Depletion of microglia exacerbates postischemic inflammation and brain injury

(2017) Wei-Na Jin et al.   JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM

Microglia ablation alleviates myelin-associated catatonic signs in mice

(2017) Hana Janova et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION

Microglia in steady state

(2017) Katrin Kierdorf et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION

Microglia in prion diseases

(2017) Adriano Aguzzi et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION

Microglia in Alzheimer’s disease

(2017) Heela Sarlus et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION

Microglial Activation Results in Inhibition of TGF-β-Regulated Gene Expression

(2017) Kwame Ofori Affram et al.   JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE

Monocytes, microglia, and CD200-CD200R1 signaling are essential in the transmission of inflammation from the periphery to the central nervous system

(2017) Xin Xie et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY

Microglia are continuously activated in the circumventricular organs of mouse brain

(2017) Shohei Takagi et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROIMMUNOLOGY

Neurodegenerative diseases: The immunological perspective

(2017) Monica Molteni et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROIMMUNOLOGY

Microglial depletion alters the brain neuroimmune response to acute binge ethanol withdrawal

(2017) T. Jordan Walter et al.   Journal of Neuroinflammation

Microglia-targeted stem cell therapies for Alzheimer disease: A preclinical data review

(2017) Zhiwei Shen et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH

The possible factors affecting microglial activation in cases of obesity with cognitive dysfunction

(2017) Titikorn Chunchai et al.   METABOLIC BRAIN DISEASE

Microglia activation triggers oligodendrocyte precursor cells apoptosis via HSP60

(2017) Yunhong Li et al.   Molecular Medicine Reports

Microglia limit the expansion of β-amyloid plaques in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease

(2017) Ruohe Zhao et al.   Molecular Neurodegeneration

Microglia-derived IL-1β promotes chemokine expression by Müller cells and RPE in focal retinal degeneration

(2017) Riccardo Natoli et al.   Molecular Neurodegeneration

Glial contributions to neurodegeneration in tauopathies

(2017) Cheryl E. G. Leyns et al.   Molecular Neurodegeneration

Comparative effectiveness of rituximab relative to IFN-β or glatiramer acetate in relapsing-remitting MS from the Swedish MS registry

(2017) Tim Spelman et al.   Multiple Sclerosis Journal

Neurotoxic reactive astrocytes are induced by activated microglia

(2017) Shane A. Liddelow et al.   NATURE

Microglia emerge as central players in brain disease

(2017) Michael W Salter et al.   NATURE MEDICINE

Microglial confetti party

(2017) Charlotte Madore et al.   NATURE NEUROSCIENCE

Differentiation of human and murine induced pluripotent stem cells to microglia-like cells

(2017) Hetal Pandya et al.   NATURE NEUROSCIENCE

Microglia turnover with aging and in an Alzheimer's model via long-term in vivo single-cell imaging

(2017) Petra Füger et al.   NATURE NEUROSCIENCE

A new fate mapping system reveals context-dependent random or clonal expansion of microglia

(2017) Tuan Leng Tay et al.   NATURE NEUROSCIENCE

The neuropathological basis to the functional role of microglia/macrophages in gliomas

(2017) Davide Schiffer et al.   NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES

iPSC-Derived Human Microglia-like Cells to Study Neurological Diseases

(2017) Edsel M. Abud et al.   NEURON

Local Cues Establish and Maintain Region-Specific Phenotypes of Basal Ganglia Microglia

(2017) Lindsay M. De Biase et al.   NEURON

Ocrelizumab versus Interferon Beta-1a in Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis

(2017) Stephen L. Hauser et al.   NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE

Microglia in CNS development: Shaping the brain for the future

(2017) Coralie-Anne Mosser et al.   PROGRESS IN NEUROBIOLOGY

Globular Adiponectin Limits Microglia Pro-Inflammatory Phenotype through an AdipoR1/NF-κB Signaling Pathway

(2017) Sarah Nicolas et al.   Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience

Roles of Microglial Phagocytosis and Inflammatory Mediators in the Pathophysiology of Sleep Disorders

(2017) Agnes Nadjar et al.   Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience

Microglia: An Interface between the Loss of Neuroplasticity and Depression

(2017) Gaurav Singhal et al.   Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience

Glial Cells and Their Function in the Adult Brain: A Journey through the History of Their Ablation

(2017) Sarah Jäkel et al.   Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience

The Lifespan and Turnover of Microglia in the Human Brain

(2017) Pedro Réu et al.   Cell Reports

Coupled Proliferation and Apoptosis Maintain the Rapid Turnover of Microglia in the Adult Brain

(2017) Katharine Askew et al.   Cell Reports

Temporal Tracking of Microglia Activation in Neurodegeneration at Single-Cell Resolution

(2017) Hansruedi Mathys et al.   Cell Reports

The Role of Microglia in Prion Diseases: A Paradigm of Functional Diversity

(2017) Juliane Obst et al.   Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience

Lessons Learned about Neurodegeneration from Microglia and Monocyte Depletion Studies

(2017) Harald Lund et al.   Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience

Microglial Activation in the Pathogenesis of Huntington’s Disease

(2017) Hui-Ming Yang et al.   Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience

Targeting Microglial Activation States as a Therapeutic Avenue in Parkinson’s Disease

(2017) Sudhakar R. Subramaniam et al.   Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience

The Dual Role of Microglia in ALS: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches

(2017) Maria Concetta Geloso et al.   Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience

Microglial Activation in Traumatic Brain Injury

(2017) Cornelius K. Donat et al.   Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience

An updated assessment of microglia depletion: current concepts and future directions

(2017) Jinming Han et al.   Molecular Brain

The role of microglia and their CX3CR1 signaling in adult neurogenesis in the olfactory bulb

(2017) Ronen Reshef et al.   eLife

Comparative effectiveness of rituximab relative to IFN-β or glatiramer acetate in relapsing-remitting MS from the Swedish MS registry

(2017) Tim Spelman et al.   Multiple Sclerosis Journal

Roles of Glial Cells in Sculpting Inhibitory Synapses and Neural Circuits

(2017) Ji Won Um   Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience

The Pathophysiological Role of Microglia in Dynamic Surveillance, Phagocytosis and Structural Remodeling of the Developing CNS

(2017) Cataldo Arcuri et al.   Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience

The Future of Immunotherapy: A 20-Year Perspective

(2017) David C. Wraith   Frontiers in Immunology

Role of Neuroinflammation in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Cellular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications

(2017) Jia Liu et al.   Frontiers in Immunology

Microglia: A Unique Versatile Cell in the Central Nervous System

(2016) Takahiro Masuda et al.   ACS Chemical Neuroscience

Multiple sclerosis: experimental models and reality

(2016) Hans Lassmann et al.   ACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA

Pharmacological targeting of CSF1R inhibits microglial proliferation and prevents the progression of Alzheimer’s-like pathology

(2016) Adrian Olmos-Alonso et al.   BRAIN

Eliminating microglia in Alzheimer’s mice prevents neuronal loss without modulating amyloid-β pathology

(2016) Elizabeth E. Spangenberg et al.   BRAIN

In vivo evidence of a functional association between immune cells in blood and brain in healthy human subjects

(2016) Naoki Kanegawa et al.   BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY

Dark microglia: A new phenotype predominantly associated with pathological states

(2016) Kanchan Bisht et al.   GLIA

Microglia-Neuron Communication in Epilepsy

(2016) Ukpong B. Eyo et al.   GLIA

Yolk Sac Macrophages, Fetal Liver, and Adult Monocytes Can Colonize an Empty Niche and Develop into Functional Tissue-Resident Macrophages

(2016) Lianne van de Laar et al.   IMMUNITY

Microglia in central nervous system repair after injury

(2016) Xuemei Jin et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY

Colony stimulating factor 1 receptor inhibition eliminates microglia and attenuates brain injury after intracerebral hemorrhage

(2016) Minshu Li et al.   JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM

Colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor blockade prevents fractionated whole-brain irradiation-induced memory deficits

(2016) Xi Feng et al.   Journal of Neuroinflammation

Role of Microglia in Neurological Disorders and Their Potentials as a Therapeutic Target

(2016) Li Du et al.   MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY

Patient-specific models of microglia-mediated engulfment of synapses and neural progenitors

(2016) C M Sellgren et al.   MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY

TAM receptors regulate multiple features of microglial physiology

(2016) Lawrence Fourgeaud et al.   NATURE

Sall1 is a transcriptional regulator defining microglia identity and function

(2016) Anne Buttgereit et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

Efficient derivation of microglia-like cells from human pluripotent stem cells

(2016) Julien Muffat et al.   NATURE MEDICINE

Microglial brain region−dependent diversity and selective regional sensitivities to aging

(2016) Kathleen Grabert et al.   NATURE NEUROSCIENCE

The role of microglia and macrophages in glioma maintenance and progression

(2016) Dolores Hambardzumyan et al.   NATURE NEUROSCIENCE

A polarizing question: do M1 and M2 microglia exist?

(2016) Richard M Ransohoff   NATURE NEUROSCIENCE

Rituximab in multiple sclerosis

(2016) Jonatan Salzer et al.   NEUROLOGY

Microglia activation states and cannabinoid system: Therapeutic implications

(2016) M. Mecha et al.   PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS

New tools for studying microglia in the mouse and human CNS

(2016) Mariko L. Bennett et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Microglia development follows a stepwise program to regulate brain homeostasis

(2016) O. Matcovitch-Natan et al.   SCIENCE

Microglia: Architects of the Developing Nervous System

(2016) Jeffrey L. Frost et al.   TRENDS IN CELL BIOLOGY

Bone marrow-derived monocytes give rise to self-renewing and fully differentiated Kupffer cells

(2016) Charlotte L. Scott et al.   Nature Communications

Microglia and monocytes synergistically promote the transition from acute to chronic pain after nerve injury

(2016) Jiyun Peng et al.   Nature Communications

Microglia protect against brain injury and their selective elimination dysregulates neuronal network activity after stroke

(2016) Gergely Szalay et al.   Nature Communications

Cranial irradiation induces transient microglia accumulation, followed by long-lasting inflammation and loss of microglia

(2016) Wei Han et al.   Oncotarget

Elimination of microglia improves cognitive function following cranial irradiation

(2016) Munjal M. Acharya et al.   Scientific Reports

CSF1R blockade slows the progression of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis by reducing microgliosis and invasion of macrophages into peripheral nerves

(2016) Anna Martínez-Muriana et al.   Scientific Reports

Resident microglia rather than peripheral macrophages promote vascularization in brain tumors and are source of alternative pro-angiogenic factors

(2015) Susan Brandenburg et al.   ACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA

Microglia–blood vessel interactions: a double-edged sword in brain pathologies

(2015) Nevenka Dudvarski Stankovic et al.   ACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA

Targeting the colony stimulating factor 1 receptor alleviates two forms of Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease in mice

(2015) Dennis Klein et al.   BRAIN

Blocking bad

(2015) Steven S. Scherer   BRAIN

Roles of microglia in brain development, tissue maintenance and repair

(2015) Mackenzie A. Michell-Robinson et al.   BRAIN

Adoptive transfer of M2 macrophages promotes locomotor recovery in adult rats after spinal cord injury

(2015) Shan-Feng Ma et al.   BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY

Feeding the beast: Can microglia in the senescent brain be regulated by diet?

(2015) Rodney W. Johnson   BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY

Genetic Cell Ablation Reveals Clusters of Local Self-Renewing Microglia in the Mammalian Central Nervous System

(2015) Julia Bruttger et al.   IMMUNITY

Colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor inhibition prevents microglial plaque association and improves cognition in 3xTg-AD mice

(2015) Nabil N. Dagher et al.   Journal of Neuroinflammation

Elimination of Microglia Improves Functional Outcomes Following Extensive Neuronal Loss in the Hippocampus

(2015) R. A. Rice et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE

Differential Roles of M1 and M2 Microglia in Neurodegenerative Diseases

(2015) Yu Tang et al.   MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY

Host microbiota constantly control maturation and function of microglia in the CNS

(2015) Daniel Erny et al.   NATURE NEUROSCIENCE

Depletion of microglia and inhibition of exosome synthesis halt tau propagation

(2015) Hirohide Asai et al.   NATURE NEUROSCIENCE

TLR4-activated microglia require IFN-γ to induce severe neuronal dysfunction and death in situ

(2015) Ismini E. Papageorgiou et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Homeostasis of Microglia in the Adult Brain: Review of Novel Microglia Depletion Systems

(2015) Ari Waisman et al.   TRENDS IN IMMUNOLOGY

Pathologic and Protective Roles for Microglial Subsets and Bone Marrow- and Blood-Derived Myeloid Cells in Central Nervous System Inflammation

(2015) Agnieszka Wlodarczyk et al.   Frontiers in Immunology

Characterizing Newly Repopulated Microglia in the Adult Mouse: Impacts on Animal Behavior, Cell Morphology, and Neuroinflammation

(2015) Monica R. P. Elmore et al.   PLoS One

The role of microglia in human disease: therapeutic tool or target?

(2014) Nathalie Cartier et al.   ACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA

Macrophage subsets and microglia in multiple sclerosis

(2014) Jeroen F. J. Bogie et al.   ACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA

Adoptive transfer of cytokine-induced immunomodulatory adult microglia attenuates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in DBA/1 mice

(2014) Xing-Mei Zhang et al.   GLIA

Transcriptome-Based Network Analysis Reveals a Spectrum Model of Human Macrophage Activation

(2014) Jia Xue et al.   IMMUNITY

Neuroinflammation and M2 microglia: the good, the bad, and the inflamed

(2014) Jonathan D Cherry et al.   Journal of Neuroinflammation

Microglia and brain macrophages in the molecular age: from origin to neuropsychiatric disease

(2014) Marco Prinz et al.   NATURE REVIEWS NEUROSCIENCE

Colony-Stimulating Factor 1 Receptor Signaling Is Necessary for Microglia Viability, Unmasking a Microglia Progenitor Cell in the Adult Brain

(2014) Monica R.P. Elmore et al.   NEURON

Microglia from neurogenic and non-neurogenic regions display differential proliferative potential and neuroblast support

(2014) Gregory P. Marshall et al.   Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience

Modulating neurotoxicity through CX3CL1/CX3CR1 signaling

(2014) Cristina Limatola et al.   Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience

Microglia Promote Learning-Dependent Synapse Formation through Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor

(2013) Christopher N. Parkhurst et al.   CELL

Identification of a unique TGF-β–dependent molecular and functional signature in microglia

(2013) Oleg Butovsky et al.   NATURE NEUROSCIENCE

Bidirectional Microglia-Neuron Communication in the Healthy Brain

(2013) Ukpong B. Eyo et al.   NEURAL PLASTICITY

Adoptive Transfer of Immunomodulatory M2 Macrophages Prevents Type 1 Diabetes in NOD Mice

(2012) R. Parsa et al.   DIABETES

Microglial repopulation model reveals a robust homeostatic process for replacing CNS myeloid cells

(2012) N. H. Varvel et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Role of pro-inflammatory cytokines released from microglia in neurodegenerative diseases

(2011) Joshua A. Smith et al.   BRAIN RESEARCH BULLETIN

Infiltrating monocytes trigger EAE progression, but do not contribute to the resident microglia pool

(2011) Bahareh Ajami et al.   NATURE NEUROSCIENCE

Activated Microglia Inhibit Axonal Growth through RGMa

(2011) Mari Kitayama et al.   PLoS One

Synaptic Pruning by Microglia Is Necessary for Normal Brain Development

(2011) R. C. Paolicelli et al.   SCIENCE

Fate Mapping Analysis Reveals That Adult Microglia Derive from Primitive Macrophages

(2010) F. Ginhoux et al.   SCIENCE

Lipopolysaccharide-activated microglia induce death of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells and impede their development

(2009) Y. Pang et al.   NEUROSCIENCE

Ablation of Proliferating Microglia Does Not Affect Motor Neuron Degeneration in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Caused by Mutant Superoxide Dismutase

(2008) G. Gowing et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE