Article
Neurosciences
Marie-France Dorion, Moein Yaqubi, Hunter J. J. Murdoch, Jeffery A. A. Hall, Roy Dudley, Jack P. P. Antel, Thomas Martin Durcan, Luke Michael Healy
Summary: Efforts to understand the function of microglia in health and disease have been hindered by the lack of appropriate culture models. Recent studies have shown that the use of serum-free media with specific growth factors can better maintain rodent microglia morphology. However, the same media formulation has little impact on human microglia transcriptome but significantly affects their phagocytic capacity and inflammatory response. The addition of fetal bovine serum to the culture media, but not growth factors, helps maintain key genes involved in phagocytosis. Our study provides a better understanding of human microglia in culture and highlights differences from rodent microglia.
Review
Immunology
Yan Wang, Limei Cui, He Zhao, Huhuifen He, Liang Chen, Xicheng Song, Dawei Liu, Jingjing Qiu, Yan Sun
Summary: Degenerative diseases have a significant impact on people's life and health, as well as on society. Microglia play a crucial role in neurodegenerative diseases, and inhibiting or activating their functions can effectively control and reduce the occurrence and progression of these diseases.
JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Xian Wu, Teng Wan, Xiaoyu Gao, Mingyuan Fu, Yunfeng Duan, Xiangru Shen, Weiming Guo
Summary: In addition to its role in fighting cancer, pyroptosis also plays an important role in neuronal injury regulation. Microglia, as central members of CNS immune regulation, are involved in the development and maintenance of the nervous system. Pathological overstimulation leads to microglia pyroptosis, causing the release of inflammatory mediators and ultimately neuronal damage. Inhibition of microglia pyroptosis has shown improvements in animal models of CNS diseases, providing new ideas for immunomodulatory treatment.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Jean-Christophe Perez, Gaetan Poulen, Maida Cardoso, Hassan Boukhaddaoui, Chloe Marie Gazard, Gilles Courtand, Sandrine Sylvie Bertrand, Yannick Nicolas Gerber, Florence Evelyne Perrin
Summary: Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to irreversible autonomic and sensory-motor impairments. This study investigated the persistent microglia proliferation induced by SCI and the modulation of microglial responses through pharmacological treatment. The results showed that microglia proliferation remains elevated at 84 days post-injury and a transient oral delivery of GW2580 at chronic stage after SCI reduces microglia proliferation and modifies microglial morphology, suggesting a promising therapeutic strategy for chronic SCI patients.
Review
Immunology
Yujie Fu, Chan Gong, Chenchen Zhu, Weiquan Zhong, Jiabao Guo, Binglin Chen
Summary: In this study, a bibliometric analysis was conducted to analyze neuropathic pain in neurodegenerative diseases. The findings showed that the United States had the highest number of publications, citations, and H-indexes in the field of neuropathic pain. Multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease were the most studied neurodegenerative diseases. The study also identified microglia-regulated neuroinflammation as a hot research topic and deep brain stimulation and gamma knife radiosurgery as popular treatment methods.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Luise Schlotterose, Mariya S. Pravdivtseva, Frowin Ellermann, Olav Jansen, Jan-Bernd Hoevener, Frank D. Soennichsen, Francois Cossais, Ralph Lucius, Kirsten Hattermann
Summary: The role of microglia cells in neurodegenerative diseases has been increasingly recognized. Activation of microglia cells is believed to be involved in the progression of diseases like Alzheimer's or Parkinson's disease. In this study, the researchers investigated the effects of the natural antioxidant resveratrol on human microglia cells. They found that resveratrol reduced inflammation, increased the release of insulin-like growth factor 1, decreased glucose uptake, lowered mitochondrial activity, and attenuated cellular metabolism in microglia cells. The study focused on changes in metabolism without any external stressors and demonstrated the potential protective effects of resveratrol against neuroinflammation.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Miao Chai, Gang Su, Juan Gao, Wei Chen, Qionghui Wu, Ying Dong, He Wang, Deyi Chen, Yonghong Li, Xin Gao, Ruixin Li, Tianfei Ma, Zhenchang Zhang
Summary: Microglia, as innate immune cells in the brain, can exert neuroprotective effects on neurons through various mechanisms, such as suppressing inflammation and promoting neurite growth. M2 microglia have been shown to have beneficial effects in various CNS diseases and injuries, highlighting the importance of understanding their mechanisms for potential therapeutic targets.
NEUROCHEMICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Xiaoyu Gao, Zilong Cao, Haifeng Tan, Peiling Li, Wenen Su, Teng Wan, Weiming Guo
Summary: This review highlights the association between long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microglia polarization in neurological diseases. It emphasizes the importance of regulating microglia polarization for improving the prognosis of neurological disorders.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Abdur Rauf, Himani Badoni, Tareq Abu-Izneid, Ahmed Olatunde, Md Mominur Rahman, Sakshi Painuli, Prabhakar Semwal, Polrat Wilairatana, Mohammad S. Mubarak
Summary: Neuroinflammation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, and the release of neuroinflammatory markers can lead to the development of various neuronal disorders. Identifying these markers can assist in early diagnosis and treatment of these diseases.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Juan Huang, Nanqu Huang, Shangfu Xu, Yong Luo, Yan Li, Hai Jin, Changyin Yu, Jingshan Shi, Feng Jin
Summary: Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, involve progressive loss of neurons and are common in the elderly. Excessive microglial activation leading to neuroinflammation is closely linked to the onset and progression of these diseases. Natural products like resveratrol show therapeutic potential in modulating microglial polarization and controlling neuroinflammation in the treatment of NDs.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Yuan Li, Ying-Jie Li, Zhao-Qiong Zhu
Summary: Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by neuronal damage and dysfunction, and the relationship between cell pyroptosis, microglial activation, and neuroinflammation is important for understanding the pathogenesis of these diseases.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Mingkai Lin, Hongwen Yu, Qiuyan Xie, Zhiyun Xu, Pei Shang
Summary: Microglia, as key immune cells in the CNS, respond to damage, regulate inflammation, and engulf specific segments. Microglia autophagy participates in subcellular regulation and maintains neuronal homeostasis and neuroinflammation.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Yu Chen, Junren Chen, Ziwei Xing, Cheng Peng, Dan Li
Summary: Neuroinflammation, driven by inflammatory mediators and characterized by microglial polarization, plays a crucial role in neurodegenerative diseases. Autophagy is closely associated with neuroinflammatory processes and can be regulated through mTOR inhibition, AMPK and FOXO1 activation. Epigenetic modifications, such as non-coding RNAs and histone acetylation, also influence autophagy and inflammation in neurological disorders.
Article
Cell Biology
Jiwei Jiang, Wenyi Li, Xiaohong Wang, Zhongli Du, Jinlong Chen, Yaou Liu, Wei Li, Zhonghua Lu, Yanli Wang, Jun Xu
Summary: This study describes two novel heterozygous splicing variants of the CSF1R gene in two unrelated Han Chinese families with CSF1R-microglial encephalopathy. The findings highlight the value of pCASL for early detection of this disease.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Philip W. Tipton, Daniel Kenney-Jung, Beth K. Rush, Erik H. Middlebrooks, David Nascene, Balvindar Singh, Shernan Holtan, Ernesto Ayala, Daniel F. Broderick, Troy Lund, Zbigniew K. Wszolek
Summary: The study found that HSCT treatment for CSF1R-related leukoencephalopathy can stabilize the disease in some patients, but there is variability in patient responsiveness. Therefore, measures of disease heterogeneity and severity should be considered when evaluating a patient's candidacy for transplant.
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Liam Carroll, Sven Braeutigam, John M. Dawes, Zeljka Krsnik, Ivica Kostovic, Ester Coutinho, Jennifer M. Dewing, Christopher A. Horton, Diego Gomez-Nicola, David A. Menassa
Summary: Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are a diverse group of neurodevelopmental disorders caused by genetic and environmental factors. They manifest as deficits in social communication and interaction, restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior, sensory abnormalities, and comorbidities. ASDs are related to connectivity dysfunction, possibly stemming from aberrant plasticity mechanisms in frontal brain areas and peripheral sensory networks.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Ilaria Vanzulli, Maria Papanikolaou, Irene Chacon De-La-Rocha, Francesca Pieropan, Andrea D. Rivera, Diego Gomez-Nicola, Alexei Verkhratsky, Jose Julio Rodriguez, Arthur M. Butt
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2020)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Ahmed Salman, Samuel B. Hutton, Tutte Newall, Jennifer A. Scott, Helen L. Griffiths, Helena Lee, Diego Gomez-Nicola, Andrew J. Lotery, Jay E. Self
Article
Immunology
Juliane Obst, Emilie Simon, Maria Martin-Estebane, Elena Pipi, Liana M. Barkwill, Ivette Gonzalez-Rivera, Fergus Buchanan, Alan R. Prescott, Dorte Faust, Simon Fox, Janet Brownlees, Debra Taylor, V. Hugh Perry, Hugh Nuthall, Peter J. Atkinson, Eric Karran, Carol Routledge, Diego Gomez-Nicola
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Neurosciences
Irene Chacon-De-La-Rocha, Gemma Fryatt, Andrea D. Rivera, Alexei Verkhratsky, Olivier Raineteau, Diego Gomez-Nicola, Arthur M. Butt
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2020)
Article
Immunology
Ting Li, Jin Zhao, Wenguang Xie, Wanru Yuan, Jing Guo, Shengru Pang, Wen-Biao Gan, Diego Gomez-Nicola, Shengxiang Zhang
Summary: The specific depletion of microglia in the early stage of ischemic stroke can significantly reduce the infarct volume and improve motor ability. Depleting microglia also leads to a decrease in degenerating neurons and inducible nitric oxide synthase positive (iNOS(+)) cells. Moreover, the depletion of microglia results in an increase in anti-inflammatory factors and a decrease in pro-inflammatory factors 3 days after stroke. These findings suggest that modulation of the inflammatory response through the elimination of microglia may be a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of cerebral ischemia.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Irene Chacon-De-La-Rocha, Gemma L. Fryatt, Andrea D. Rivera, Laura Restani, Matteo Caleo, Diego Gomez-Nicola, Arthur M. Butt
Summary: It has been found that synaptic activity is crucial for maintaining the number and cellular integrity of adult oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs), which is relevant to pathophysiological scenarios characterized by dysregulation of synaptic activity.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Yanling Hu, Gemma L. Fryatt, Mohammadmersad Ghorbani, Juliane Obst, David A. Menassa, Maria Martin-Estebane, Tim A. O. Muntslag, Adrian Olmos-Alonso, Monica Guerrero-Carrasco, Daniel Thomas, Mark S. Cragg, Diego Gomez-Nicola
Summary: The sustained proliferation of microglia in Alzheimer's disease leads to replicative senescence and the generation of disease-associated microglia (DAM), contributing to early A beta pathology.
Article
Neurosciences
Julia J. Schubert, Mattia Veronese, Tim D. Fryer, Roido Manavaki, Manfred G. Kitzbichler, Maria A. Nettis, Valeria Mondelli, Carmine M. Pariante, Edward T. Bullmore, Federico E. Turkheimer
Summary: In patients with depression, there is a significant increase in TSPO binding in the anterior cingulate cortex, and depressed patients with low CRP levels show significantly higher TSPO binding compared to controls. However, there is no significant correlation between brain TSPO binding and blood CRP concentration or body mass index.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY-COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Coralie Schnebelen-Berthier, Niyazi Acar, Emilie Simon, Clementine Thabuis, Anne Bourdillon, Adeline Mathiaud, Luc Dauchet, Cecile Delcourt, Pascale Benlian, Martine Crochet, Sabine Defoort, Anne Tailleux, Bart Staels, Lionel Bretillon, Jean-Michel Lecerf
Summary: MPOD levels slightly increased in both groups after consuming two eggs enriched with lutein/zeaxanthin and DHA daily for 4 months. Plasma and lipoprotein concentrations of lutein, zeaxanthin, and DHA significantly increased, with greater enhancements in the enriched group compared to the standard group. A significant correlation was found between lutein concentration in HDL and MPOD levels.
Article
Cell Biology
David A. Menassa, Tim A. O. Muntslag, Maria Martin-Estebane, Liam Barry-Carroll, Mark A. Chapman, Istvan Adorjan, Teadora Tyler, Bethany Turnbull, Matthew J. J. Rose-Zerilli, James A. R. Nicoll, Zeljka Krsnik, Ivica Kostovic, Diego Gomez-Nicola
Summary: This study provides a detailed insight into the spatiotemporal dynamics of microglia across the human lifespan and serves as a foundation for elucidating how microglia contribute to shaping neurodevelopment in humans.
DEVELOPMENTAL CELL
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Marta Vicente-Rodriguez, Renzo Mancuso, Alba Peris-Yague, Camilla Simmons, N. I. M. A. Consortium, Diego Gomez-Nicola, V. Hugh Perry, Federico Turkheimer, Simon Lovestone, Christine A. Parker, Diana Cash
Summary: Neuroinflammation is an important component in neurodegenerative diseases, and there is a need for robust biomarkers to diagnose and monitor the disease. This study used [3H]PBR28 autoradiography and immunohistochemistry to further investigate neuroinflammation in a mouse model of chronic neurodegeneration and found that a CSF1R inhibitor attenuated TSPO signal in microglia and neurons.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Liam Barry-Carroll, Philip Greulich, Abigail R. Marshall, Kristoffer Riecken, Boris Fehse, Katharine E. Askew, Kaizhen Li, Olga Garaschuk, David A. Menassa, Diego Gomez-Nicola
Summary: Microglia are derived from the yolk sac and migrate into the brain during early embryonic development. They undergo in situ proliferation and ultimately colonize the entire brain by the third postnatal week in mice. This study reveals that their colonization is facilitated by clonal expansion of highly proliferative microglial progenitors distributed throughout the brain. Additionally, the spatial distribution of microglia changes from clustered to random during development.
Review
Neurosciences
Rosa C. Paolicelli, Amanda Sierra, Beth Stevens, Marie-Eve Tremblay, Adriano Aguzzi, Bahareh Ajami, Ido Amit, Etienne Audinat, Ingo Bechmann, Mariko Bennett, Frederick Bennett, Alain Bessis, Knut Biber, Staci Bilbo, Mathew Blurton-Jones, Erik Boddeke, Dora Brites, Bert Brone, Guy C. Brown, Oleg Butovsky, Monica J. Carson, Bernardo Castellano, Marco Colonna, Sally A. Cowley, Colm Cunningham, Dimitrios Davalos, Philip L. De Jager, Bart de Strooper, Adam Denes, Bart J. L. Eggen, Ukpong Eyo, Elena Galea, Sonia Garel, Florent Ginhoux, Christopher K. Glass, Ozgun Gokce, Diego Gomez-Nicola, Berta Gonzalez, Siamon Gordon, Manuel B. Graeber, Andrew D. Greenhalgh, Pierre Gressens, Melanie Greter, David H. Gutmann, Christian Haass, Michael T. Heneka, Frank L. Heppner, Soyon Hong, David A. Hume, Steffen Jung, Helmut Kettenmann, Jonathan Kipnis, Ryuta Koyama, Greg Lemke, Marina Lynch, Ania Majewska, Marzia Malcangio, Tarja Malm, Renzo Mancuso, Takahiro Masuda, Michela Matteoli, Barry W. McColl, Veronique E. Miron, Anna Victoria Molofsky, Michelle Monje, Eva Mracsko, Agnes Nadjar, Jonas J. Neher, Urte Neniskyte, Harald Neumann, Mami Noda, Bo Peng, Francesca Peri, V. Hugh Perry, Phillip G. Popovich, Clare Pridans, Josef Priller, Marco Prinz, Davide Ragozzino, Richard M. Ransohoff, Michael W. Salter, Anne Schaefer, Dorothy P. Schafer, Michal Schwartz, Mikael Simons, Cody J. Smith, Wolfgang J. Streit, Tuan Leng Tay, Li-Huei Tsai, Alexei Verkhratsky, Rommy von Bernhardi, Hiroaki Wake, Valerie Wittamer, Susanne A. Wolf, Long-Jun Wu, Tony Wyss-Coray
Summary: Microglial research has made significant progress, but the current classification system fails to accurately describe their diversity, leading to misconceptions about their functions. To address this issue, a group of multidisciplinary experts has proposed a naming framework and recommendations to help researchers better understand and describe the different states and functions of microglia.
Meeting Abstract
Neurosciences
L. Barry-Carroll, D. A. Menassa, D. Gomez-Nicola