The NLRP3 inflammasome and COVID-19: Activation, pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies

Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Melatonin: a Focus on the Role of NLRP3 Inflammasome

(2021) Milad Ashrafizadeh et al.   INFLAMMATION

Innate Receptor Activation Patterns Involving TLR and NLR Synergisms in COVID-19, ALI/ARDS and Sepsis Cytokine Storms: A Review and Model Making Novel Predictions and Therapeutic Suggestions

(2021) Robert Root-Bernstein   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES

Pulmonary pathology of early phase 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pneumonia in two patients with lung cancer

(2020) Sufang Tian et al.   Journal of Thoracic Oncology

Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China

(2020) Chaolin Huang et al.   LANCET

A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin

(2020) Peng Zhou et al.   NATURE

COVID-19 and the cardiovascular system

(2020) Ying-Ying Zheng et al.   Nature Reviews Cardiology

A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China, 2019

(2020) Na Zhu et al.   NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE

The species Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus: classifying 2019-nCoV and naming it SARS-CoV-2

(2020)   Nature Microbiology

Cardiovascular implications of the COVID-19 pandemic: a global perspective

(2020) Marouane Boukhris et al.   CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY

SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and Is Blocked by a Clinically Proven Protease Inhibitor

(2020) Markus Hoffmann et al.   CELL

Interleukin-1 and the Inflammasome as Therapeutic Targets in Cardiovascular Disease

(2020) Antonio Abbate et al.   CIRCULATION RESEARCH

The cytokine storm in COVID-19: An overview of the involvement of the chemokine/chemokine-receptor system

(2020) Francesca Coperchini et al.   CYTOKINE & GROWTH FACTOR REVIEWS

COVID-19 treatment by repurposing drugs until the vaccine is in sight

(2020) Mrudula Phadke et al.   DRUG DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH

Clinical and immunological features of severe and moderate coronavirus disease 2019

(2020) Guang Chen et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION

Targeting potential drivers of COVID-19: Neutrophil extracellular traps

(2020) Betsy J. Barnes et al.   JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE

Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study

(2020) Fei Zhou et al.   LANCET

SARS-CoV-2 infection and overactivation of Nlrp3 inflammasome as a trigger of cytokine “storm” and risk factor for damage of hematopoietic stem cells

(2020) Mariusz Z. Ratajczak et al.   LEUKEMIA

Novel therapeutic targets for SARS-CoV-2-induced acute lung injury: targeting a potential IL-1β/Neutrophil Extracellular Traps feedback loop

(2020) Ahmed Yaqinuddin et al.   MEDICAL HYPOTHESES

Extracellular HMGB1: a therapeutic target in severe pulmonary inflammation including COVID-19?

(2020) Ulf Andersson et al.   MOLECULAR MEDICINE

Complement associated microvascular injury and thrombosis in the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19 infection: a report of five cases

(2020) Cynthia Magro et al.   Translational Research

Clinical characteristics of 113 deceased patients with coronavirus disease 2019: retrospective study

(2020) Tao Chen et al.   BMJ-British Medical Journal

Neuropathogenesis and Neurologic Manifestations of the Coronaviruses in the Age of Coronavirus Disease 2019

(2020) Adeel S. Zubair et al.   JAMA Neurology

Novel Coronavirus-Induced NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation: A Potential Drug Target in the Treatment of COVID-19

(2020) Adnan Shah   Frontiers in Immunology

Statins: Could an old friend help in the fight against COVID‐19?

(2020) Raul R. Rodrigues‐Diez et al.   BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY

SARS-CoV-2 infects human neural progenitor cells and brain organoids

(2020) Bao-Zhong Zhang et al.   CELL RESEARCH

Recent advances in the NEK7-licensed NLRP3 inflammasome activation: Mechanisms, role in diseases and related inhibitors

(2020) Ni Zhao et al.   JOURNAL OF AUTOIMMUNITY

Cytokine storm and leukocyte changes in mild versus severe SARS‐CoV‐2 infection: Review of 3939 COVID‐19 patients in China and emerging pathogenesis and therapy concepts

(2020) Jin Wang et al.   JOURNAL OF LEUKOCYTE BIOLOGY

Central nervous system manifestations of COVID-19: A systematic review

(2020) Ali A. Asadi-Pooya et al.   JOURNAL OF THE NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES

Pulmonary post-mortem findings in a series of COVID-19 cases from northern Italy: a two-centre descriptive study

(2020) Luca Carsana et al.   LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES

NLRP3 Inflammasomes in Parkinson’s disease and their Regulation by Parkin

(2020) Yi-Qun Yan et al.   NEUROSCIENCE

Targeting the NLRP3 Inflammasome in Severe COVID-19

(2020) Tracey L. Freeman et al.   Frontiers in Immunology

The potential similarities of COVID-19 and autoimmune disease pathogenesis and therapeutic options: new insights approach

(2020) Sahar Najafi et al.   CLINICAL RHEUMATOLOGY

Environmental neurotoxic pollutants: review

(2020) Ashif Iqubal et al.   ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH

Elevated markers of gut leakage and inflammasome activation in COVID‐19 patients with cardiac involvement

(2020) H. Hoel et al.   JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE

Preventing the development of severe CoVID 19 by modifying immunothrombosis

(2020) Gerwyn Morris et al.   LIFE SCIENCES

Understanding the Immunologic Characteristics of Neurologic Manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 and Potential Immunological Mechanisms

(2020) Soheil Mohammadi et al.   MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY

The Inflammasome in Times of COVID-19

(2020) Juan Carlos de Rivero Vaccari et al.   Frontiers in Immunology

Baricitinib counteracts metaflammation, thus protecting against diet-induced metabolic abnormalities in mice

(2020) Debora Collotta et al.   Molecular Metabolism

Inflammasomes are activated in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and are associated with COVID-19 severity in patients

(2020) Tamara S. Rodrigues et al.   JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE

Nutraceutical Strategies for Suppressing NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation: Pertinence to the Management of COVID-19 and Beyond

(2020) Mark F. McCarty et al.   Nutrients

To NET or not to NET:current opinions and state of the science regarding the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps

(2019) Sebastian Boeltz et al.   CELL DEATH AND DIFFERENTIATION

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Viroporin 3a Activates the NLRP3 Inflammasome

(2019) I-Yin Chen et al.   Frontiers in Microbiology

Endothelial cell–cardiomyocyte crosstalk in heart development and disease

(2019) Andrea Colliva et al.   JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON

The complement receptor C5aR2 promotes protein kinase R expression and contributes to NLRP3 inflammasome activation and HMGB1 release from macrophages

(2019) Songlin Yu et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

MCC950 directly targets the NLRP3 ATP-hydrolysis motif for inflammasome inhibition

(2019) Rebecca C. Coll et al.   Nature Chemical Biology

Structural mechanism for NEK7-licensed activation of NLRP3 inflammasome

(2019) Humayun Sharif et al.   NATURE

An NLRP3 inflammasome-triggered cytokine storm contributes to Streptococcal toxic shock-like syndrome (STSLS)

(2019) Lan Lin et al.   PLoS Pathogens

Association of Elevated Plasma Interleukin-18 Level With Increased Mortality in a Clinical Trial of Statin Treatment for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome*

(2019) Angela J. Rogers et al.   CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE

Platelet Oxidative Stress and its Relationship with Cardiovascular Diseases in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

(2019) Mohammed El Haouari   CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY

Post-Translational Modifications in NETosis and NETs-Mediated Diseases

(2019) Hamam et al.   Biomolecules

Neural-respiratory inflammasome axis in traumatic brain injury

(2019) Nadine Kerr et al.   EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY

The P2X7 receptor: A main player in inflammation

(2018) Elena Adinolfi et al.   BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY

NLRP3 Inflammasome and the IL-1 Pathway in Atherosclerosis

(2018) Alena Grebe et al.   CIRCULATION RESEARCH

The TWIK2 Potassium Efflux Channel in Macrophages Mediates NLRP3 Inflammasome-Induced Inflammation

(2018) Anke Di et al.   IMMUNITY

The ACE2/Angiotensin-(1–7)/MAS Axis of the Renin-Angiotensin System: Focus on Angiotensin-(1–7)

(2018) Robson Augusto Souza Santos et al.   PHYSIOLOGICAL REVIEWS

In vivo imaging of the pathophysiological changes and neutrophil dynamics in influenza virus-infected mouse lungs

(2018) Hiroshi Ueki et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Accessory proteins 8b and 8ab of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus suppress the interferon signaling pathway by mediating ubiquitin-dependent rapid degradation of interferon regulatory factor 3

(2018) Hui Hui Wong et al.   VIROLOGY

Role of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Viroporins E, 3a, and 8a in Replication and Pathogenesis

(2018) Carlos Castaño-Rodriguez et al.   mBio

Oridonin is a covalent NLRP3 inhibitor with strong anti-inflammasome activity

(2018) Hongbin He et al.   Nature Communications

Cytokine release syndrome

(2018) Alexander Shimabukuro-Vornhagen et al.   Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer

Chloride regulates dynamic NLRP3-dependent ASC oligomerization and inflammasome priming

(2018) Jack P. Green et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

SARS-Coronavirus Open Reading Frame-3a drives multimodal necrotic cell death

(2018) Yuan Yue et al.   Cell Death & Disease

CLICs-dependent chloride efflux is an essential and proximal upstream event for NLRP3 inflammasome activation

(2017) Tiantian Tang et al.   Nature Communications

Rapamycin regulates macrophage activation by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome-p38 MAPK-NFκB pathways in autophagy- and p62-dependent manners

(2017) Jung Hwa Ko et al.   Oncotarget

The Role of Interferons in Inflammation and Inflammasome Activation

(2017) Nataša Kopitar-Jerala   Frontiers in Immunology

NLRP3 inflammasome signaling is activated by low-level lysosome disruption but inhibited by extensive lysosome disruption: roles for K+ efflux and Ca2+ influx

(2016) Michael A. Katsnelson et al.   AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY

Dysregulated Type I Interferon and Inflammatory Monocyte-Macrophage Responses Cause Lethal Pneumonia in SARS-CoV-Infected Mice

(2016) Rudragouda Channappanavar et al.   Cell Host & Microbe

NLRX1 attenuates apoptosis and inflammatory responses in myocardial ischemia by inhibiting MAVS-dependent NLRP3 inflammasome activation

(2016) Hongyan Li et al.   MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY

Inflammasome-activated gasdermin D causes pyroptosis by forming membrane pores

(2016) Xing Liu et al.   NATURE

NEK7 is an essential mediator of NLRP3 activation downstream of potassium efflux

(2016) Yuan He et al.   NATURE

Immunothrombosis in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Cross Talks between Inflammation and Coagulation

(2016) Frantzeska Frantzeskaki et al.   RESPIRATION

Mechanism and Regulation of NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation

(2016) Yuan He et al.   TRENDS IN BIOCHEMICAL SCIENCES

Colchicine prevents NSAID-induced small intestinal injury by inhibiting activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome

(2016) Koji Otani et al.   Scientific Reports

p58IPK suppresses NLRP3 inflammasome activation and IL-1β production via inhibition of PKR in macrophages

(2016) Evgenii Boriushkin et al.   Scientific Reports

Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Go Viral

(2016) Günther Schönrich et al.   Frontiers in Immunology

Caspase-11 activates a canonical NLRP3 inflammasome by promoting K+efflux

(2015) Sebastian Rühl et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Colchicine—Update on mechanisms of action and therapeutic uses

(2015) Ying Ying Leung et al.   SEMINARS IN ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus E protein transports calcium ions and activates the NLRP3 inflammasome

(2015) Jose L. Nieto-Torres et al.   VIROLOGY

Host cell proteases: Critical determinants of coronavirus tropism and pathogenesis

(2015) Jean Kaoru Millet et al.   VIRUS RESEARCH

K+ regulates Ca2+ to drive inflammasome signaling: dynamic visualization of ion flux in live cells

(2015) J R Yaron et al.   Cell Death & Disease

Oligomerized, filamentous surface presentation of RANTES/CCL5 on vascular endothelial cells

(2015) Inger Øynebråten et al.   Scientific Reports

The Lysosome Rupture-activated TAK1-JNK Pathway Regulates NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation

(2014) Masahiro Okada et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

Critical Role for the NLRP3 Inflammasome during Acute Lung Injury

(2014) J. J. Grailer et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Neutrophils scan for activated platelets to initiate inflammation

(2014) Vinatha Sreeramkumar et al.   SCIENCE

P2X7 receptor: an emerging target in central nervous system diseases

(2014) Beáta Sperlágh et al.   TRENDS IN PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES

C3a modulates IL-1  secretion in human monocytes by regulating ATP efflux and subsequent NLRP3 inflammasome activation

(2013) E. Asgari et al.   BLOOD

Mitochondrial Cardiolipin Is Required for Nlrp3 Inflammasome Activation

(2013) Shankar S. Iyer et al.   IMMUNITY

Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species Induces NLRP3-Dependent Lysosomal Damage and Inflammasome Activation

(2013) M. E. Heid et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Complete Protection against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-Mediated Lethal Respiratory Disease in Aged Mice by Immunization with a Mouse-Adapted Virus Lacking E Protein

(2013) C. Fett et al.   JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY

Inhibition of NF- B-Mediated Inflammation in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-Infected Mice Increases Survival

(2013) M. L. DeDiego et al.   JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY

Into the Eye of the Cytokine Storm

(2012) J. R. Tisoncik et al.   MICROBIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REVIEWS

NLRP3 is activated in Alzheimer’s disease and contributes to pathology in APP/PS1 mice

(2012) Michael T. Heneka et al.   NATURE

Novel role of PKR in inflammasome activation and HMGB1 release

(2012) Ben Lu et al.   NATURE

The calcium-sensing receptor regulates the NLRP3 inflammasome through Ca2+ and cAMP

(2012) Geun-Shik Lee et al.   NATURE

Viroporins: structure and biological functions

(2012) José Luis Nieva et al.   NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY

Critical role for calcium mobilization in activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome

(2012) T. Murakami et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

GBP5 Promotes NLRP3 Inflammasome Assembly and Immunity in Mammals

(2012) A. R. Shenoy et al.   SCIENCE

Coronavirus E protein forms ion channels with functionally and structurally-involved membrane lipids

(2012) Carmina Verdiá-Báguena et al.   VIROLOGY

The Role of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)-Coronavirus Accessory Proteins in Virus Pathogenesis

(2012) Ruth McBride et al.   Viruses-Basel

Encephalomyocarditis Virus Viroporin 2B Activates NLRP3 Inflammasome

(2012) Minako Ito et al.   PLoS Pathogens

The Inflammasome NLRs in Immunity, Inflammation, and Associated Diseases

(2011) Beckley K. Davis et al.   Annual Review of Immunology

Cross-regulation between the IL-1β/IL-18 processing inflammasome and other inflammatory cytokines

(2011) Brianne R Barker et al.   CURRENT OPINION IN IMMUNOLOGY

Subcellular location and topology of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus envelope protein

(2011) Jose L. Nieto-Torres et al.   VIROLOGY

Viral proteins function as ion channels

(2010) Kai Wang et al.   BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES

Anti-inflammatory Compounds Parthenolide and Bay 11-7082 Are Direct Inhibitors of the Inflammasome

(2010) Christine Juliana et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

A role for mitochondria in NLRP3 inflammasome activation

(2010) Rongbin Zhou et al.   NATURE

Influenza virus activates inflammasomes via its intracellular M2 ion channel

(2010) Takeshi Ichinohe et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

Autophagy proteins regulate innate immune responses by inhibiting the release of mitochondrial DNA mediated by the NALP3 inflammasome

(2010) Kiichi Nakahira et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

The role of pattern-recognition receptors in innate immunity: update on Toll-like receptors

(2010) Taro Kawai et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

Immunization with an attenuated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus deleted in E protein protects against lethal respiratory disease

(2010) Jason Netland et al.   VIROLOGY

Glyburide inhibits the Cryopyrin/Nalp3 inflammasome

(2009) Mohamed Lamkanfi et al.   JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY

Cutting Edge: NF- B Activating Pattern Recognition and Cytokine Receptors License NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation by Regulating NLRP3 Expression

(2009) F. G. Bauernfeind et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY