Advances in physiological functions and mechanisms of (−)-epicatechin

Catechins enhance skeletal muscle performance

(2019) Penghui Li et al.   CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION

Acute study of dose-dependent effects of (−)-epicatechin on vascular function in healthy male volunteers: A randomized controlled trial

(2019) M.E. Alañón et al.   CLINICAL NUTRITION

Role and mechanism of catechin in skeletal muscle cell differentiation

(2019) Penghui Li et al.   JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY

(−)-Epicatechin metabolites promote vascular health through epigenetic reprogramming of endothelial-immune cell signaling and reversing systemic low-grade inflammation

(2019) Dragan Milenkovic et al.   BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY

11-β-hydroxysterols as possible endogenous stimulators of mitochondrial biogenesis as inferred from epicatechin molecular mimicry

(2019) Sundeep Dugar et al.   PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH

(-)-Epicatechin and NADPH oxidase inhibitors prevent bile acid-induced Caco-2 monolayer permeabilization through ERK1/2 modulation

(2019) Ziwei Wang et al.   Redox Biology

(-)-Epicatechin and its metabolites prevent palmitate-induced NADPH oxidase upregulation, oxidative stress and insulin resistance in HepG2 cells

(2018) Eleonora Cremonini et al.   ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS

The cardioprotective effects of (-)-Epicatechin are mediated through arginase activity inhibition in a murine model of ischemia/reperfusion

(2018) Pilar Ortiz-Vilchis et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY

(-)-Epicatechin stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis and cell growth in C2C12 myotubes via the G-protein coupled estrogen receptor

(2018) Aldo Moreno-Ulloa et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY

First evidence of epicatechin vanillate in grape seed and red wine

(2018) Wen Ma et al.   FOOD CHEMISTRY

B Type and Complex A/B Type Epicatechin Trimers Isolated from Litchi pericarp Aqueous Extract Show High Antioxidant and Anticancer Activity

(2018) Yihui Gong et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES

A snapshot of type two diabetes mellitus management in general practice prior to the introduction of diabetes Cycle of Care

(2018) Jennifer V. Gettings et al.   IRISH JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE

(‑)‑Epicatechin protects against myocardial ischemia‑induced cardiac injury via activation of the PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway

(2018) Jia‑Wen Li et al.   Molecular Medicine Reports

(-)-Epicatechin and the Colonic 2,3-Dihydroxybenzoic Acid Metabolite Regulate Glucose Uptake, Glucose Production, and Improve Insulin Signaling in Renal NRK-52E Cells

(2018) David Álvarez-Cilleros et al.   MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH

Pure flavonoid epicatechin and whole genome gene expression profiles in circulating immune cells in adults with elevated blood pressure: A randomised double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial

(2018) Diederik Esser et al.   PLoS One

A 1.6 mg/kg dose of epicatechin in a supplemented cocoa mixture yielded the largest acute decrease in food intake in humans

(2018) James Greenberg et al.   Journal of Functional Foods

(−)-Epicatechin and the colonic metabolite 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid protect renal proximal tubular cell against high glucose-induced oxidative stress by modulating NOX-4/SIRT-1 signalling

(2018) David Álvarez-Cilleros et al.   Journal of Functional Foods

Dietary epicatechin improves survival and delays skeletal muscle degeneration in aged mice

(2018) Hongwei Si et al.   FASEB JOURNAL

Interaction of Cinnamaldehyde and Epicatechin with Tau: Implications of Beneficial Effects in Modulating Alzheimer's Disease Pathogenesis

(2018) Roshni C. George et al.   JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE

Astaxanthin: A mechanistic review on its biological activities and health benefits

(2018) Sajad Fakhri et al.   PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH

(–)-Epicatechin in the control of glucose homeostasis: Involvement of redox-regulated mechanisms

(2018) Eleonora Cremonini et al.   FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE

Browning effects of (-)-epicatechin on adipocytes and white adipose tissue

(2017) Claudia Elena Varela et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY

GLP-2 in the capacity of (-)-epicatechin and anthocyanidins to improve insulin sensitivity

(2017) Elena Daveri et al.   FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE

Extraction of Epigallocatechin Gallate and Epicatechin Gallate from Tea Leaves Using β-Cyclodextrin

(2017) Lu Cui et al.   JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE

(−)-Epicatechin-induced relaxation of isolated human saphenous vein: Roles of K+ and Ca2+ channels

(2017) Marija Marinko et al.   PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH

Epicatechin oligomers longer than trimers have anti-cancer activities, but not the catechin counterparts

(2017) Kohki Takanashi et al.   Scientific Reports

LPS-induced renal inflammation is prevented by (−)‐epicatechin in rats

(2017) Paula Denise Prince et al.   Redox Biology

Epicatechin elicits MyoD-dependent myoblast differentiation and myogenic conversion of fibroblasts

(2017) Sang-Jin Lee et al.   PLoS One

Dietary epicatechin intake and 25-y risk of cardiovascular mortality: the Zutphen Elderly Study

(2016) James I Dower et al.   AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION

Methylxanthines enhance the effects of cocoa flavanols on cardiovascular function: randomized, double-masked controlled studies

(2016) Roberto Sansone et al.   AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION

(-)-Epicatechin improves insulin sensitivity in high fat diet-fed mice

(2016) Eleonora Cremonini et al.   ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS

Epicatechin isolated from Tripterygium wilfordii extract reduces tau-GFP-induced neurotoxicity in zebrafish embryo through the activation of Nrf2

(2016) Bo-Kai Wu et al.   BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS

Role of dietary antioxidant (−)-epicatechin in the development of β-lactoglobulin fibrils

(2016) M. Carbonaro et al.   BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS

Comparative effects of catechin, epicatechin and N-Ω-nitroarginine on quinolinic acid-induced oxidative stress in rat striatum slices

(2016) Daniel Santamaría-del Ángel et al.   BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY

Antioxidants from black and green tea: from dietary modulation of oxidative stress to pharmacological mechanisms

(2016) Ilaria Peluso et al.   BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY

(-)-Epicatechin-induced recovery of mitochondria from simulated diabetes: Potential role of endothelial nitric oxide synthase

(2016) Israel Ramírez-Sánchez et al.   Diabetes & Vascular Disease Research

Dietary (–)-epicatechin mitigates oxidative stress, NO metabolism alterations, and inflammation in renal cortex from fructose-fed rats

(2016) Paula D. Prince et al.   FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE

Cerebroprotection of flavanol (-)-epicatechin after traumatic brain injury via Nrf2-dependent and -independent pathways

(2016) Tian Cheng et al.   FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE

Anti-inflammatory actions of (−)-epicatechin in the adipose tissue of obese mice

(2016) Ahmed Bettaieb et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY & CELL BIOLOGY

(⿿)-Epicatechin derivate from Orostachys japonicus as potential inhibitor of the human butyrylcholinesterase

(2016) Jang Hoon Kim et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES

A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study on the effects of (−)-epicatechin on the triglyceride/HDLc ratio and cardiometabolic profile of subjects with hypertriglyceridemia: Unique in vitro effects

(2016) Gabriela Gutiérrez-Salmeán et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY

Dietary Epicatechin Is Available to Breastfed Infants through Human Breast Milk in the Form of Host and Microbial Metabolites

(2016) Olha Khymenets et al.   JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY

Regenerative decline of stem cells in sarcopenia

(2016) Pedro Sousa-Victor et al.   MOLECULAR ASPECTS OF MEDICINE

(−)-Epicatechin, a Natural Flavonoid Compound, Protects Astrocytes Against Hemoglobin Toxicity via Nrf2 and AP-1 Signaling Pathways

(2016) Xi Lan et al.   MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY

(−)-Epicatechin induces physiological cardiac growth by activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway in mice

(2016) Sergio De los Santos et al.   MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH

Antioxidative stress effect of epicatechin and catechin induced by Aβ25–35 in rats and use of the electrostatic potential and the Fukui function as a tool to elucidate specific sites of interaction

(2016) Trinidad Cruz-González et al.   NEUROPEPTIDES

(−)-Epicatechin Prevents Blood Pressure Increase and Reduces Locomotor Hyperactivity in Young Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

(2016) M. Kluknavsky et al.   Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

The protective effect of epicatechin on experimental ulcerative colitis in mice is mediated by increasing antioxidation and by the inhibition of NF-κB pathway

(2016) HaiJing Zhang et al.   Pharmacological Reports

Effects of Amiodarone and N-desethylamiodarone on Cardiac Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels

(2016) Mohammad-Reza Ghovanloo et al.   Frontiers in Pharmacology

Geroprotective and Radioprotective Activity of Quercetin, (-)-Epicatechin, and Ibuprofen in Drosophila melanogaster

(2016) Ekaterina Proshkina et al.   Frontiers in Pharmacology

The changing face of diabetes complications

(2016) Edward W Gregg et al.   Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology

The metabolome of [2-14C](−)-epicatechin in humans: implications for the assessment of efficacy, safety and mechanisms of action of polyphenolic bioactives

(2016) Javier I. Ottaviani et al.   Scientific Reports

Cocoa flavanols and cognition: regaining chocolate in old age?

(2015) Miguel Alonso-Alonso   AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION

Effects of the pure flavonoids epicatechin and quercetin on vascular function and cardiometabolic health: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial

(2015) James I Dower et al.   AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION

(−)-Epicatechin in the prevention of tumor necrosis alpha-induced loss of Caco-2 cell barrier integrity

(2015) Telma C. Contreras et al.   ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS

Epicatechin induced vasorelaxation of human internal mammary artery

(2015) A. Novakovic et al.   ATHEROSCLEROSIS

Osteoporosis and sarcopenia in older age

(2015) M.H. Edwards et al.   BONE

Cardiac Arrhythmias: Diagnosis, Symptoms, and Treatments

(2015) Du-guan Fu   CELL BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS

The role of antioxidants in the chemistry of oxidative stress: A review

(2015) Aurelia Magdalena Pisoschi et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY

(−)-Epicatechin attenuates high-glucose-induced inflammation by epigenetic modulation in human monocytes

(2015) Isabel Cordero-Herrera et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION

Epicatechin breaks preformed glycated serum albumin and reverses the retinal accumulation of advanced glycation end products

(2015) Junghyun Kim et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY

Mechanisms underlying the vasorelaxation of human internal mammary artery induced by (-)-epicatechin

(2015) Aleksandra Novakovic et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY

Neuroprotective Properties of the Standardized Extract fromCamellia sinensis(Green Tea) and Its Main Bioactive Components, Epicatechin and Epigallocatechin Gallate, in the 6-OHDA Model of Parkinson’s Disease

(2015) Natália Bitu Pinto et al.   Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Supplementation of the Pure Flavonoids Epicatechin and Quercetin Affects Some Biomarkers of Endothelial Dysfunction and Inflammation in (Pre)Hypertensive Adults: A Randomized Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Trial

(2015) James I Dower et al.   JOURNAL OF NUTRITION

(−)-Epicatechin reduces blood pressure increase in high-fructose-fed rats: effects on the determinants of nitric oxide bioavailability

(2015) Maria C. Litterio et al.   JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY

Dietary (−)-epicatechin as a potent inhibitor of βγ-secretase amyloid precursor protein processing

(2015) Carla J. Cox et al.   NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING

Epicatechin enhances mitochondrial biogenesis, increases dystrophin and utrophin, increases follistatin while decreasing myostatin, and improves skeletal muscle exercise response in adults with Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD)

(2015) C. McDonald et al.   NEUROMUSCULAR DISORDERS

Synergistic neuroprotection by epicatechin and quercetin: Activation of convergent mitochondrial signaling pathways

(2015) M. Nichols et al.   NEUROSCIENCE

Epicatechin Reduces Striatal MPP+-Induced Damage in Rats through Slight Increases in SOD-Cu,Zn Activity

(2015) M. Rubio-Osornio et al.   Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Effects of (−)-Epicatechin and Other Polyphenols in Cancer, Inflammation, Diabetes, and Neurodegeneration

(2015) Joseph Shay et al.   Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

The effects of (−)-epicatechin on endothelial cells involve the G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER)

(2015) Aldo Moreno-Ulloa et al.   PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH

Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, and Chemoprotective Properties ofAcacia catechuHeartwood Extracts

(2015) Sidney J. Stohs et al.   PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH

Exercise Pills: At the Starting Line

(2015) Shunchang Li et al.   TRENDS IN PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES

Cocoa and cocoa flavanol epicatechin improve hepatic lipid metabolism in in vivo and in vitro models. Role of PKCζ

(2015) Isabel Cordero-Herrera et al.   Journal of Functional Foods

(−)-Epicatechin prevents alterations in the metabolism of superoxide anion and nitric oxide in the hearts of l-NAME-treated rats

(2015) Barbara Piotrkowski et al.   Food & Function

Pharmacokinetic, partial pharmacodynamic and initial safety analysis of (−)-epicatechin in healthy volunteers

(2015) Christopher F. Barnett et al.   Food & Function

Direct Effects of (−)-Epicatechin and Procyanidin B2 on the Respiration of Rat Heart Mitochondria

(2015) Dalia M. Kopustinskiene et al.   Biomed Research International

Plant-derived flavanol (−)epicatechin mitigates anxiety in association with elevated hippocampal monoamine and BDNF levels, but does not influence pattern separation in mice

(2015) T P Stringer et al.   Translational Psychiatry

(–)–Epicatechin combined with 8 weeks of treadmill exercise is associated with increased angiogenic and mitochondrial signaling in mice

(2015) Icksoo Lee et al.   Frontiers in Pharmacology

Consumption of both low and high (−)-epicatechin apple puree attenuates platelet reactivity and increases plasma concentrations of nitric oxide metabolites: A randomized controlled trial

(2014) Amy Gasper et al.   ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS

Uptake and metabolism of (−)-epicatechin in endothelial cells

(2014) Ana Rodriguez-Mateos et al.   ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS

Cardioprotective effect of (-) epicatechin

(2014) A. Novakovic et al.   ATHEROSCLEROSIS

Epicatechin attenuates atherosclerosis and exerts anti-inflammatory effects on diet-induced human-CRP and NFκB in vivo

(2014) Martine Morrison et al.   ATHEROSCLEROSIS

Potent inhibition of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) by myeloperoxidase-dependent oxidation of epicatechins

(2014) Nina Dickerhof et al.   BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL

Cell membrane mediated (−)-epicatechin effects on upstream endothelial cell signaling: Evidence for a surface receptor

(2014) Aldo Moreno-Ulloa et al.   BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS

Novel Therapeutic Strategies for Traumatic Brain Injury: Acute Antioxidant Reinforcement

(2014) Rodrigo Fernández-Gajardo et al.   CNS DRUGS

The Effects of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibition on Microvascular Diabetes Complications

(2014) Angelo Avogaro et al.   DIABETES CARE

Inflammation as a link between obesity, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes

(2014) Nathalie Esser et al.   DIABETES RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE

(-)-Epicatechin improves mitochondrial-related protein levels and ameliorates oxidative stress in dystrophic δ-sarcoglycan null mouse striated muscle

(2014) Israel Ramirez-Sanchez et al.   FEBS Journal

(−)-Epicatechin mitigates high-fructose-associated insulin resistance by modulating redox signaling and endoplasmic reticulum stress

(2014) Ahmed Bettaieb et al.   FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE

Intravenous (−)-epicatechin reduces myocardial ischemic injury by protecting mitochondrial function

(2014) Katrina Go Yamazaki et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY

The flavonol epicatechin reverses the suppressive effects of a stressor on long-term memory formation

(2014) B. Knezevic et al.   JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY

The flavonoid (−)-epicatechin affects cytoskeleton proteins and functions in Entamoeba histolytica

(2014) Verónica Bolaños et al.   Journal of Proteomics

Genetics of diabetes complications

(2014) Sami Alkayyali et al.   MAMMALIAN GENOME

Epicatechin and Catechin Modulate Endothelial Activation Induced by Platelets of Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease

(2014) R. Carnevale et al.   Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

Epicatechin Stimulates Mitochondrial Activity and Selectively Sensitizes Cancer Cells to Radiation

(2014) Hosam A. Elbaz et al.   PLoS One

Polyhydroxylated Metallofullerenols Stimulate IL-1β Secretion of Macrophage through TLRs/MyD88/NF-κB Pathway and NLRP3Inflammasome Activation

(2014) Zhiyun Chen et al.   Small

Anti-inflammatory Effects of (-)-Epicatechin in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated Raw 264.7 Macrophages

(2014) H Wang et al.   TROPICAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH

Muscle wasting disease: a proposal for a new disease classification

(2014) Stefan D. Anker et al.   Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle

Functions of Arginase Isoforms in Macrophage Inflammatory Responses: Impact on Cardiovascular Diseases and Metabolic Disorders

(2014) Zhihong Yang et al.   Frontiers in Immunology

Effects of (−)Epicatechin on the Pathology of APP/PS1 Transgenic Mice

(2014) Yue-Qin Zeng et al.   Frontiers in Neurology

(-)-Epicatechin protects hemorrhagic brain via synergistic Nrf2 pathways

(2014) Che-Feng Chang et al.   Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology

Absorption, metabolism, and excretion of (–)-epicatechin in humans: an evaluation of recent findings

(2013) Alan Crozier   AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION

Intake of fruit, berries, and vegetables and risk of type 2 diabetes in Finnish men: the Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study

(2013) Jaakko Mursu et al.   AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION

Effects of (−)-epicatechin and derivatives on nitric oxide mediated induction of mitochondrial proteins

(2013) Aldo Moreno-Ulloa et al.   BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS

Intake of whole grains from different cereal and food sources and incidence of colorectal cancer in the Scandinavian HELGA cohort

(2013) Cecilie Kyrø et al.   CANCER CAUSES & CONTROL

(–)-Epicatechin is associated with increased angiogenic and mitochondrial signalling in the hindlimb of rats selectively bred for innate low running capacity

(2013) Maik Hüttemann et al.   CLINICAL SCIENCE

Perturbations in skeletal muscle sarcomere structure in patients with heart failure and Type 2 diabetes: restorative effects of (−)-epicatechinrich cocoa

(2013) Pam R. Taub et al.   CLINICAL SCIENCE

Oral administration of the flavanol (−)-epicatechin bolsters endogenous protection against focal ischemia through the Nrf2 cytoprotective pathway

(2013) Christopher C. Leonardo et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE

The flavanol (-)-epicatechin and its metabolites protect against oxidative stress in primary endothelial cells via a direct antioxidant effect

(2013) Erik J.B. Ruijters et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY

(−) Epicatechin prevents alterations in lysosomal glycohydrolases, cathepsins and reduces myocardial infarct size in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarcted rats

(2013) Ponnian Stanely Mainzen Prince   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY

Cocoa flavonoids attenuate high glucose-induced insulin signalling blockade and modulate glucose uptake and production in human HepG2 cells

(2013) Isabel Cordero-Herrera et al.   FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY

Inflammation in neurodegenerative diseases - an update

(2013) Sandra Amor et al.   IMMUNOLOGY

(−)-Epicatechin rich cocoa mediated modulation of oxidative stress regulators in skeletal muscle of heart failure and type 2 diabetes patients

(2013) Israel Ramirez-Sanchez et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY

(-)-Epicatechin reduces blood pressure and improves vasorelaxation in spontaneously hypertensive rats by NO-mediated mechanism

(2013) Monica Galleano et al.   IUBMB LIFE

(−)-Epicatechin regenerates the chlorinating activity of myeloperoxidase in vitro and in neutrophil granulocytes

(2013) Jörg Flemmig et al.   JOURNAL OF INORGANIC BIOCHEMISTRY

Effects of (−)-epicatechin on molecular modulators of skeletal muscle growth and differentiation

(2013) Gabriela Gutierrez-Salmean et al.   JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY

Analysis of the mechanisms underlying the antinociceptive effect of epicatechin in diabetic rats

(2013) Geovanna Nallely Quiñonez-Bastidas et al.   LIFE SCIENCES

Epicatechin regulation of mitochondrial structure and function is opioid receptor dependent

(2013) Mathivadhani Panneerselvam et al.   MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH

Cocoa flavonoid epicatechin protects pancreatic beta cell viability and function against oxidative stress

(2013) María Ángeles Martín et al.   MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH

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(2013) Miriam M. Cortese-Krott et al.   NITRIC OXIDE-BIOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY

P52

(2013) Dominik Schuler   NITRIC OXIDE-BIOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY

The cocoa flavanol (−)-epicatechin protects the cortisol response

(2013) Erik J.B. Ruijters et al.   PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH

Green Tea Phenolic Epicatechins Inhibit Hepatitis C Virus Replication via Cycloxygenase-2 and Attenuate Virus-Induced Inflammation

(2013) Ying-Ting Lin et al.   PLoS One

(−)-Epicatechin administration and exercising skeletal muscle vascular control and microvascular oxygenation in healthy rats

(2012) Steven W. Copp et al.   AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY

(−)-Epicatechin prevents TNFα-induced activation of signaling cascades involved in inflammation and insulin sensitivity in 3T3-L1 adipocytes

(2012) Marcela A. Vazquez-Prieto et al.   ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS

Effect of catechin/epicatechin dietary intake on endothelial dysfunction biomarkers and proinflammatory cytokines in aorta of hyperhomocysteinemic mice

(2012) Christophe Noll et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION

Morphologic and Pharmacological Investigations in the Epicatechin Gastroprotective Effect

(2012) A. L. Rozza et al.   Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Cocoa polyphenols are absorbed in Caco-2 cell model of intestinal epithelium

(2012) Agnieszka Kosińska et al.   FOOD CHEMISTRY

(-)-Epicatechin Increases NO Bioavailability and Nrf2Dependent Response in the Vessel Wall in Vivo

(2012) Miriam M Cortese-Krott et al.   FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE

(-)-Epicatechin increases systemic Nrf2-dependent response and vascular function in mice

(2012) M.M. Cortese-Krott⁎ et al.   FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE

(-)-Epicatechin prevents adipose tissue inflammation in animal and cell models

(2012) M.A. Vazquez-Prieto et al.   FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE

Elucidation of (−)-epicatechin metabolites after ingestion of chocolate by healthy humans

(2012) Lucas Actis-Goretta et al.   FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE

Facilitated cellular uptake and suppression of inducible nitric oxide synthase by a metabolite of maritime pine bark extract (Pycnogenol)

(2012) Klaus Uhlenhut et al.   FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE

Blood pressure-lowering effect of dietary (−)-epicatechin administration in L-NAME-treated rats is associated with restored nitric oxide levels

(2012) Maria C. Litterio et al.   FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE

Oxidative Status of Stressed Caenorhabditis elegans Treated with Epicatechin

(2012) Susana González-Manzano et al.   JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY

Stimulatory Effects of the Flavanol (-)-Epicatechin on Cardiac Angiogenesis

(2012) Israel Ramirez-Sanchez et al.   JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR PHARMACOLOGY

A flavonol present in cocoa [(-)epicatechin] enhances snail memory

(2012) L. Fruson et al.   JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY

Impact of epigallo catechin-3-gallate on acetylcholine-acetylcholine esterase cycle in aged rat brain

(2012) Ravichandran Srividhya et al.   NEUROCHEMISTRY INTERNATIONAL

Concentration Dependent Effect of (−)-Epicatechin on Na+/K+-ATPase and Ca2+-ATPase Inhibition Induced by Free Radicals in Hypertensive Patients: Comparison with L-ascorbic Acid

(2012) Navneet Kumar et al.   PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH

Oxidative Stress, Nox Isoforms and Complications of Diabetes—Potential Targets for Novel Therapies

(2012) Mona Sedeek et al.   Journal of Cardiovascular Translational Research

Epicatechin attenuates doxorubicin-induced brain toxicity: Critical role of TNF-α, iNOS and NF-κB

(2011) Rasha H. Mohamed et al.   BRAIN RESEARCH BULLETIN

Chronic ( − )-epicatechin improves vascular oxidative and inflammatory status but not hypertension in chronic nitric oxide-deficient rats

(2011) Manuel Gómez-Guzmán et al.   BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION

Alterations in Skeletal Muscle Indicators of Mitochondrial Structure and Biogenesis in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Heart Failure: Effects of Epicatechin Rich Cocoa

(2011) Pam R. Taub et al.   CTS-Clinical and Translational Science

(−)-Epicatechin maintains endurance training adaptation in mice after 14 days of detraining

(2011) Maik Hüttemann et al.   FASEB JOURNAL

Influence of catechins and their methylated metabolites on lifespan and resistance to oxidative and thermal stress of Caenorhabditis elegans and epicatechin uptake

(2011) Felipe Surco-Laos et al.   FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL

Dietary flavonoids: Role of (−)-epicatechin and related procyanidins in cell signaling

(2011) Cesar G. Fraga et al.   FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE

Epicatechin lowers blood pressure, restores endothelial function, and decreases oxidative stress and endothelin-1 and NADPH oxidase activity in DOCA-salt hypertension

(2011) Manuel Gómez-Guzmán et al.   FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE

Structurally related (−)-epicatechin metabolites in humans: Assessment using de novo chemically synthesized authentic standards

(2011) Javier I. Ottaviani et al.   FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE

Epicatechin-rich cocoa polyphenol inhibits Kras-activated pancreatic ductal carcinoma cell growth in vitro and in a mouse model

(2011) Hifzur Rahman Siddique et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER

Frequency of Citrus Fruit Intake Is Associated With the Incidence of Cardiovascular Disease: The Jichi Medical School Cohort Study

(2011) Tomoyo Yamada et al.   JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY

Dietary Epicatechin Promotes Survival of Obese Diabetic Mice and Drosophila melanogaster

(2011) Hongwei Si et al.   JOURNAL OF NUTRITION

(-)-Epicatechin enhances fatigue resistance and oxidative capacity in mouse muscle

(2011) Leonardo Nogueira et al.   JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON

Identification of a GPER/GPR30 antagonist with improved estrogen receptor counterselectivity

(2011) Megan K. Dennis et al.   JOURNAL OF STEROID BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Epicatechin Inhibits Human Plasma Lipid Peroxidation Caused by Haloperidol In Vitro

(2011) Anna Dietrich-Muszalska et al.   NEUROCHEMICAL RESEARCH

Epicatechin inhibits radiation-induced auditory cell death by suppression of reactive oxygen species generation

(2011) J.H. Pyun et al.   NEUROSCIENCE

Distribution of procyanidins and their metabolites in rat plasma and tissues after an acute intake of hazelnut extract

(2011) Aida Serra et al.   Food & Function

Antioxidant actions of flavonoids: Thermodynamic and kinetic analysis

(2010) Mónica Galleano et al.   ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS

Specific Dietary Polyphenols Attenuate Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E–Knockout Mice by Alleviating Inflammation and Endothelial Dysfunction

(2010) Wai Mun Loke et al.   ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY

New Role of (-)-Epicatechin in Enhancing the Induction of Growth Inhibition and Apoptosis in Human Lung Cancer Cells by Curcumin

(2010) A. Saha et al.   Cancer Prevention Research

New cancer treatment strategy using combination of green tea catechins and anticancer drugs

(2010) Masami Suganuma et al.   CANCER SCIENCE

(−)-Epicatechin Activation of Endothelial Cell Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase, Nitric Oxide, and Related Signaling Pathways

(2010) Israel Ramirez-Sanchez et al.   HYPERTENSION

Effects of (+)catechin and (−)epicatechin on heterocyclic amines-induced oxidative DNA damage

(2010) Ana Isabel Haza et al.   JOURNAL OF APPLIED TOXICOLOGY

The Flavanol (−)-Epicatechin Prevents Stroke Damage through the Nrf2/HO1 Pathway

(2010) Zahoor A Shah et al.   JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM

Effects of (−)-Epicatechin on Myocardial Infarct Size and Left Ventricular Remodeling After Permanent Coronary Occlusion

(2010) Katrina Go Yamazaki et al.   JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY

Sirtuins and Their Relevance to the Kidney

(2010) C.-M. Hao et al.   JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY

Intracerebral haemorrhage: a need for more data and new research directions

(2010) Geoffrey A Donnan et al.   LANCET NEUROLOGY

Basic biochemical mechanisms behind the health benefits of polyphenols

(2010) Cesar G. Fraga et al.   MOLECULAR ASPECTS OF MEDICINE

Endothelial dysfunction: a strategic target in the treatment of hypertension?

(2010) Eva H. C. Tang et al.   PFLUGERS ARCHIV-EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY

Preclinical and clinical research on inflammation after intracerebral hemorrhage

(2010) Jian Wang   PROGRESS IN NEUROBIOLOGY

Epicatechin protects the auditory organ by attenuating cisplatin-induced ototoxicity through inhibition of ERK

(2010) J.S. Lee et al.   TOXICOLOGY LETTERS

Metabolic functions of atypical protein kinase C: “good” and “bad” as defined by nutritional status

(2009) Robert V. Farese et al.   AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM

(–)-Epicatechin enhances the chlorinating activity of human myeloperoxidase

(2009) Tina Kirchner et al.   ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS

Oxidative Stress and Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Review of Upstream and Downstream Antioxidant Therapeutic Options

(2009) Bayani Uttara et al.   Current Neuropharmacology

Antioxidant effects of Epicatechin on the hippocampal toxicity caused by Amyloid-beta 25-35 in rats

(2009) Elvis Cuevas et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY

Chemical and molecular mechanisms of antioxidants: experimental approaches and model systems

(2009) Jian-Ming Lü et al.   JOURNAL OF CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR MEDICINE

Elevated Biomarkers of Inflammation Are Associated With Reduced Survival Among Breast Cancer Patients

(2009) Brandon L. Pierce et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY

Antioxidant evaluation of O-methylated metabolites of catechin, epicatechin and quercetin

(2009) Montserrat Dueñas et al.   JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS

Protection of human HepG2 cells against oxidative stress by the flavonoid epicatechin

(2009) María Angeles Martín et al.   PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH

Versatile synthesis of epicatechin series procyanidin oligomers, and their antioxidant and DNA polymerase inhibitory activity

(2009) Akiko Saito et al.   TETRAHEDRON

Investigation of the antibacterial activity of 3-O-octanoyl-(-)-epicatechin

(2008) T.P.T. Cushnie et al.   JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Time-course regulation of survival pathways by epicatechin on HepG2 cells

(2008) Ana Belén Granado-Serrano et al.   JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY

Oxidative stress and inflammation, a link between chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular disease

(2008) Victoria Cachofeiro et al.   KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL

Biocatalytically Oligomerized Epicatechin with Potent and Specific Anti-proliferative Activity for Human Breast Cancer Cells

(2008) Subhalakshmi Nagarajan et al.   MOLECULES

Flavan-3-ols: Nature, occurrence and biological activity

(2007) Patricia M. Aron et al.   MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH