Small but Highly Versatile: The Viral Accessory Protein Vpu

HIV-1 exploits the Fanconi anemia pathway for viral DNA integration

(2022) Shaozu Fu et al.   Cell Reports

HIV-1 Vpu restricts Fc-mediated effector functions in vivo

(2022) Jérémie Prévost et al.   Cell Reports

Role of Viral Protein U (Vpu) in HIV-1 Infection and Pathogenesis

(2021) Nabab Khan et al.   Viruses-Basel

HIV-1 Vpu Promotes Phagocytosis of Infected CD4 + T Cells by Macrophages through Downregulation of CD47

(2021) Lijun Cong et al.   mBio

HIV-1 propagation is highly dependent on basal levels of the restriction factor BST2

(2021) Balaji Olety et al.   Science Advances

HIV-1 Vpu downregulates Tim-3 from the surface of infected CD4+ T cells

(2020) Jérémie Prévost et al.   JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY

The HIV-1 Accessory Protein Vpu Downregulates Peroxisome Biogenesis

(2020) Zaikun Xu et al.   mBio

PSGL-1 restricts HIV-1 infectivity by blocking virus particle attachment to target cells

(2020) Yajing Fu et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Convergent Evolution of HLA-C Downmodulation in HIV-1 and HIV-2

(2020) Kristina Hopfensperger et al.   mBio

Vpu modulates DNA repair to suppress innate sensing and hyper-integration of HIV-1

(2020) Meta Volcic et al.   Nature Microbiology

Human immunodeficiency virus type-1 Vpu inhibitor, BIT225, in combination with 3-drug antiretroviral therapy modulates inflammation and immune cells functions

(2020) Carolyn A Luscombe et al.   JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Key Viral Adaptations Preceding the AIDS Pandemic

(2019) Daniel Sauter et al.   Cell Host & Microbe

HIV-1 Vpu is a potent transcriptional suppressor of NF-κB-elicited antiviral immune responses

(2019) Simon Langer et al.   eLife

Primary HIV-1 Strains Use Nef To Downmodulate HLA-E Surface Expression

(2019) Thomas van Stigt Thans et al.   JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY

EWI-2 Inhibits Cell–Cell Fusion at the HIV-1 Virological Presynapse

(2019) Emily E. Whitaker et al.   Viruses-Basel

Human-Specific Adaptations in Vpu Conferring Anti-tetherin Activity Are Critical for Efficient Early HIV-1 Replication In Vivo

(2018) Eri Yamada et al.   Cell Host & Microbe

Multilayered and versatile inhibition of cellular antiviral factors by HIV and SIV accessory proteins

(2018) Daniel Sauter et al.   CYTOKINE & GROWTH FACTOR REVIEWS

Impact of HIV-1 Envelope Conformation on ADCC Responses

(2018) Jonathan Richard et al.   TRENDS IN MICROBIOLOGY

Species-specific host factors rather than virus-intrinsic virulence determine primate lentiviral pathogenicity

(2018) Simone Joas et al.   Nature Communications

HLA-C downregulation by HIV-1 adapts to host HLA genotype

(2018) Nathaniel D. Bachtel et al.   PLoS Pathogens

HIV-1 Vpr Reprograms CLR4DCAF1 E3 Ubiquitin Ligase to Antagonize Exonuclease 1-Mediated Restriction of HIV-1 Infection

(2018) Junpeng Yan et al.   mBio

Various plus unique: Viral protein U as a plurifunctional protein for HIV-1 replication

(2017) Andrew Soper et al.   EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE

Dense Array of Spikes on HIV-1 Virion Particles

(2017) Armando Stano et al.   JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY

Phyloepidemiological Analysis Reveals that Viral Divergence Led to the Paucity of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus SIVmus/gsn/mon Infections in Wild Populations

(2017) Fabian Schmidt et al.   JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY

Tetherin Inhibits Cell-Free Virus Dissemination and Retards Murine Leukemia Virus Pathogenesis

(2017) Rachel A. Liberatore et al.   JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY

Modern-day SIV viral diversity generated by extensive recombination and cross-species transmission

(2017) Sidney M. Bell et al.   PLoS Pathogens

Primate Lentiviruses Modulate NF-κB Activity by Multiple Mechanisms to Fine-Tune Viral and Cellular Gene Expression

(2017) Elena Heusinger et al.   Frontiers in Microbiology

Origins and Evolution of tetherin , an Orphan Antiviral Gene

(2016) Daniel Blanco-Melo et al.   Cell Host & Microbe

The Potency of Nef-Mediated SERINC5 Antagonism Correlates with the Prevalence of Primate Lentiviruses in the Wild

(2016) Anke Heigele et al.   Cell Host & Microbe

HIV-1 Vpu Mediates HLA-C Downregulation

(2016) Richard Apps et al.   Cell Host & Microbe

HIV-1 and HIV-2 exhibit divergent interactions with HLTF and UNG2 DNA repair proteins

(2016) Kasia Hrecka et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

HIV-1 Nef: Taking Control of Protein Trafficking

(2016) Estela A. Pereira et al.   TRAFFIC

Vpu-Mediated Counteraction of Tetherin Is a Major Determinant of HIV-1 Interferon Resistance

(2016) Dorota Kmiec et al.   mBio

Sustained virological failure in Cameroonese patient infected by HIV-1 group N evidenced by sequence-based genotyping assay

(2015) Hélène Péré et al.   AIDS

Early Vertebrate Evolution of the Host Restriction Factor Tetherin

(2015) Elena Heusinger et al.   JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY

Coevolutionary dynamics between tribe Cercopithecini tetherins and their lentiviruses

(2015) Junko S. Takeuchi et al.   Scientific Reports

Differential Regulation of NF-κB-Mediated Proviral and Antiviral Host Gene Expression by Primate Lentiviral Nef and Vpu Proteins

(2015) Daniel Sauter et al.   Cell Reports

Retroviral Retention Activates a Syk-Dependent HemITAM in Human Tetherin

(2014) Rui Pedro Galão et al.   Cell Host & Microbe

Nef Proteins of Epidemic HIV-1 Group O Strains Antagonize Human Tetherin

(2014) Silvia F. Kluge et al.   Cell Host & Microbe

HIV-1 Vpu Antagonism of Tetherin Inhibits Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxic Responses by Natural Killer Cells

(2014) R. A. Alvarez et al.   JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY

The HIV-1 gp120 CD4-Bound Conformation Is Preferentially Targeted by Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity-Mediating Antibodies in Sera from HIV-1-Infected Individuals

(2014) Maxime Veillette et al.   JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY

Tetherin antagonism by Vpu protects HIV-infected cells from antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity

(2014) J. F. Arias et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

HIV Nef and Vpu protect HIV-infected CD4+ T cells from antibody-mediated cell lysis through down-modulation of CD4 and BST2

(2014) Tram NQ Pham et al.   Retrovirology

Downmodulation of CCR7 by HIV-1 Vpu Results in Impaired Migration and Chemotactic Signaling within CD4+ T Cells

(2014) Peter W. Ramirez et al.   Cell Reports

Why HIV Virions Have Low Numbers of Envelope Spikes: Implications for Vaccine Development

(2014) John Schiller et al.   PLoS Pathogens

HIV-1 Vpu — an ion channel in search of a job

(2013) Klaus Strebel   BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES

Gene Loss and Adaptation to Hominids Underlie the Ancient Origin of HIV-1

(2013) Lucie Etienne et al.   Cell Host & Microbe

Proximity to PML Nuclear Bodies Regulates HIV-1 Latency in CD4+ T Cells

(2013) Marina Lusic et al.   Cell Host & Microbe

NF-κB: roles and regulation in different CD4+T-cell subsets

(2013) Hyunju Oh et al.   IMMUNOLOGICAL REVIEWS

Efficient BST2 antagonism by Vpu is critical for early HIV-1 dissemination in humanized mice

(2013) Vibhuti P Dave et al.   Retrovirology

Origins of HIV and the AIDS Pandemic

(2013) P. M. Sharp et al.   Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine

HIV Restriction Factors and Mechanisms of Evasion

(2013) M. H. Malim et al.   Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine

Mechanism of HIV-1 Virion Entrapment by Tetherin

(2013) Siddarth Venkatesh et al.   PLoS Pathogens

Vpu Binds Directly to Tetherin and Displaces It from Nascent Virions

(2013) Matthew W. McNatt et al.   PLoS Pathogens

Innate Sensing of HIV-1 Assembly by Tetherin Induces NFκB-Dependent Proinflammatory Responses

(2012) Rui Pedro Galão et al.   Cell Host & Microbe

Impaired natural killer cell-induced antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity is associated with human immunodeficiency virus-1 disease progression

(2012) M. Jia et al.   CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL IMMUNOLOGY

Dynamic roles for NF-κB in HTLV-I and HIV-1 retroviral pathogenesis

(2012) Jonathan K. Chan et al.   IMMUNOLOGICAL REVIEWS

The Restriction Factors of Human Immunodeficiency Virus

(2012) Reuben S. Harris et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

The Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Nef and Vpu Proteins Downregulate the Natural Killer Cell-Activating Ligand PVR

(2012) Giulia Matusali et al.   JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY

Eastern Chimpanzees, but Not Bonobos, Represent a Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Reservoir

(2012) Y. Li et al.   JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY

Stimulation of NF- B Activity by the HIV Restriction Factor BST2

(2012) A. Tokarev et al.   JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY

Vpu Augments the Initial Burst Phase of HIV-1 Propagation and Downregulates BST2 and CD4 in Humanized Mice

(2012) K. Sato et al.   JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY

The RanBP2/RanGAP1∗SUMO1/Ubc9 Complex Is a Multisubunit SUMO E3 Ligase

(2012) Andreas Werner et al.   MOLECULAR CELL

Shock and kill

(2012) Steven G. Deeks   NATURE

Natural SIV Hosts: Showing AIDS the Door

(2012) Ann Chahroudi et al.   SCIENCE

A Cytoplasmic Tail Determinant in HIV-1 Vpu Mediates Targeting of Tetherin for Endosomal Degradation and Counteracts Interferon-Induced Restriction

(2012) Tonya Kueck et al.   PLoS Pathogens

The Role of Nuclear Factor κB in the Interferon Response

(2011) Lawrence M. Pfeffer   JOURNAL OF INTERFERON AND CYTOKINE RESEARCH

Separable Determinants of Subcellular Localization and Interaction Account for the Inability of Group O HIV-1 Vpu To Counteract Tetherin

(2011) R. Vigan et al.   JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY

Global landscape of HIV–human protein complexes

(2011) Stefanie Jäger et al.   NATURE

SAMHD1 is the dendritic- and myeloid-cell-specific HIV-1 restriction factor counteracted by Vpx

(2011) Nadine Laguette et al.   NATURE

Vpx relieves inhibition of HIV-1 infection of macrophages mediated by the SAMHD1 protein

(2011) Kasia Hrecka et al.   NATURE

Human immunodeficiency virus-1 Tat activates NF-κB via physical interaction with IκB-α and p65

(2011) Giuseppe Fiume et al.   NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH

HIV-1 Nef Induces Proinflammatory State in Macrophages through Its Acidic Cluster Domain: Involvement of TNF Alpha Receptor Associated Factor 2

(2011) Giorgio Mangino et al.   PLoS One

Tetherin restricts direct cell-to-cell infection of HIV-1

(2011) Björn D Kuhl et al.   Retrovirology

β-TrCP is dispensable for Vpu's ability to overcome the CD317/Tetherin-imposed restriction to HIV-1 release

(2011) Hanna-Mari Tervo et al.   Retrovirology

Viral evolution in deep time: lentiviruses and mammals

(2011) Robert J. Gifford   TRENDS IN GENETICS

Tetherin: Holding On and Letting Go

(2010) Daniel Sauter et al.   CELL

Immune Evasion and Counteraction of Restriction Factors by HIV-1 and Other Primate Lentiviruses

(2010) Frank Kirchhoff   Cell Host & Microbe

HIV-1 Vpr Loads Uracil DNA Glycosylase-2 onto DCAF1, a Substrate Recognition Subunit of a Cullin 4A-RING E3 Ubiquitin Ligase for Proteasome-dependent Degradation

(2010) Jinwoo Ahn et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

The Presence of a vpu Gene and the Lack of Nef-Mediated Downmodulation of T Cell Receptor-CD3 Are Not Always Linked in Primate Lentiviruses

(2010) J. Schmokel et al.   JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY

Cell-Cell Spread of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Overcomes Tetherin/BST-2-Mediated Restriction in T cells

(2010) C. Jolly et al.   JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY

Anti-tetherin activities in Vpu-expressing primate lentiviruses

(2010) Su Yang et al.   Retrovirology

Antagonism of Tetherin Restriction of HIV-1 Release by Vpu Involves Binding and Sequestration of the Restriction Factor in a Perinuclear Compartment

(2010) Mathieu Dubé et al.   PLoS Pathogens

Tetherin Restricts Productive HIV-1 Cell-to-Cell Transmission

(2010) Nicoletta Casartelli et al.   PLoS Pathogens

Few and Far Between: How HIV May Be Evading Antibody Avidity

(2010) Joshua S. Klein et al.   PLoS Pathogens

Nef Proteins from Simian Immunodeficiency Viruses Are Tetherin Antagonists

(2009) Fengwen Zhang et al.   Cell Host & Microbe

A Tail of Tetherin: How Pandemic HIV-1 Conquered the World

(2009) Ravindra K. Gupta et al.   Cell Host & Microbe

HIV-1 Antagonism of CD317 Is Species Specific and Involves Vpu-Mediated Proteasomal Degradation of the Restriction Factor

(2009) Christine Goffinet et al.   Cell Host & Microbe

Tetherin-Driven Adaptation of Vpu and Nef Function and the Evolution of Pandemic and Nonpandemic HIV-1 Strains

(2009) Daniel Sauter et al.   Cell Host & Microbe

Extensive survey on the prevalence and genetic diversity of SIVs in primate bushmeat provides insights into risks for potential new cross-species transmissions

(2009) Avelin F. Aghokeng et al.   INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION

Vpu Directs the Degradation of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Restriction Factor BST-2/Tetherin via a  TrCP-Dependent Mechanism

(2009) J. L. Douglas et al.   JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY

Increased mortality and AIDS-like immunopathology in wild chimpanzees infected with SIVcpz

(2009) Brandon F. Keele et al.   NATURE

Is the high virulence of HIV-1 an unfortunate coincidence of primate lentiviral evolution?

(2009) Frank Kirchhoff   NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY

Mutation of a Single Residue Renders Human Tetherin Resistant to HIV-1 Vpu-Mediated Depletion

(2009) Ravindra K. Gupta et al.   PLoS Pathogens

HIV-1 Vpu Neutralizes the Antiviral Factor Tetherin/BST-2 by Binding It and Directing Its Beta-TrCP2-Dependent Degradation

(2009) Bastien Mangeat et al.   PLoS Pathogens

Vpu Antagonizes BST-2–Mediated Restriction of HIV-1 Release via β-TrCP and Endo-Lysosomal Trafficking

(2009) Richard S. Mitchell et al.   PLoS Pathogens

Species-Specific Activity of SIV Nef and HIV-1 Vpu in Overcoming Restriction by Tetherin/BST2

(2009) Bin Jia et al.   PLoS Pathogens

Global Analysis of Host-Pathogen Interactions that Regulate Early-Stage HIV-1 Replication

(2008) Renate König et al.   CELL

The Interferon-Induced Protein BST-2 Restricts HIV-1 Release and Is Downregulated from the Cell Surface by the Viral Vpu Protein

(2008) Nanette Van Damme et al.   Cell Host & Microbe

Tetherin inhibits retrovirus release and is antagonized by HIV-1 Vpu

(2008) Stuart J. D. Neil et al.   NATURE

Into the wild: simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection in natural hosts

(2008) Ivona Pandrea et al.   TRENDS IN IMMUNOLOGY