Meningeal immunity: Structure, function and a potential therapeutic target of neurodegenerative diseases

Impairment of the Glymphatic Pathway and Putative Meningeal Lymphatic Vessels in the Aging Human

(2020) Ying Zhou et al.   ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY

Meningeal lymphangiogenesis and enhanced glymphatic activity in mice with chronically implanted EEG electrodes

(2020) Natalie L. Hauglund et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE

Discriminating α-synuclein strains in Parkinson’s disease and multiple system atrophy

(2020) Mohammad Shahnawaz et al.   NATURE

Perivascular spaces in the brain: anatomy, physiology and pathology

(2020) Joanna M. Wardlaw et al.   Nature Reviews Neurology

Meningeal Immunity and Its Function in Maintenance of the Central Nervous System in Health and Disease

(2020) Kalil Alves de Lima et al.   Annual Review of Immunology

B cell rich meningeal inflammation associates with increased spinal cord pathology in multiple sclerosis

(2020) Camilla Reali et al.   BRAIN PATHOLOGY

The Emerging Landscape of Immune Cell Therapies

(2020) Evan W. Weber et al.   CELL

Apolipoprotein E4 and meningeal lymphatics in Alzheimer disease: a conceptual framework

(2020) Alexios-Fotios A. Mentis et al.   MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY

Parkinson disease and the immune system — associations, mechanisms and therapeutics

(2020) Eng-King Tan et al.   Nature Reviews Neurology

The Brain’s Glymphatic System: Current Controversies

(2020) Humberto Mestre et al.   TRENDS IN NEUROSCIENCES

Persistent elevation of intrathecal pro-inflammatory cytokines leads to multiple sclerosis-like cortical demyelination and neurodegeneration

(2020) Rachel E. James et al.   Acta Neuropathologica Communications

Impaired glymphatic function and clearance of tau in an Alzheimer’s disease model

(2020) Ian F Harrison et al.   BRAIN

Aquaporin-4 polymorphisms predict amyloid burden and clinical outcome in the Alzheimer’s disease spectrum

(2020) Avinash Chandra et al.   NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING

Biological functions of lymphatic vessels

(2020) Tatiana V. Petrova et al.   SCIENCE

Quantitative Determination of Glymphatic Flow Using Spectrophotofluorometry

(2020) Yu Zhang et al.   Neuroscience Bulletin

Inflammation in Parkinson’s Disease: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications

(2020) Marta Pajares et al.   Cells

The glymphatic system and its role in cerebral homeostasis

(2020) Helene Benveniste et al.   JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY

Meningeal γδ T cells regulate anxiety-like behavior via IL-17a signaling in neurons

(2020) Kalil Alves de Lima et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

Glymphatic failure as a final common pathway to dementia

(2020) Maiken Nedergaard et al.   SCIENCE

Brain aging and garbage cleaning

(2020) Susanna Gordleeva et al.   Seminars in Immunopathology

Meningeal lymphatic dysfunction exacerbates traumatic brain injury pathogenesis

(2020) Ashley C. Bolte et al.   Nature Communications

Circadian control of brain glymphatic and lymphatic fluid flow

(2020) Lauren M. Hablitz et al.   Nature Communications

Live Imaging of Intracranial Lymphatics in the Zebrafish

(2020) Daniel Castranova et al.   CIRCULATION RESEARCH

Enhanced Meningeal Lymphatic Drainage Ameliorates Neuroinflammation and Hepatic Encephalopathy in Cirrhotic Rats

(2020) Shao-Jung Hsu et al.   GASTROENTEROLOGY

A novel model for treatment of hypertrophic pachymeningitis

(2019) Yiwen Cui et al.   Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology

Blocking meningeal lymphatic drainage aggravates Parkinson’s disease-like pathology in mice overexpressing mutated α-synuclein

(2019) Wenyan Zou et al.   Translational Neurodegeneration

Dural lymphatics regulate clearance of extracellular tau from the CNS

(2019) Tirth K. Patel et al.   Molecular Neurodegeneration

Developmental biology of the meninges

(2019) Krishnakali Dasgupta et al.   GENESIS

Alteration in sleep architecture and electroencephalogram as an early sign of Alzheimer's disease preceding the disease pathology and cognitive decline

(2019) Feng Zhang et al.   Alzheimers & Dementia

Inflammasomes in neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases

(2019) Sofie Voet et al.   EMBO Molecular Medicine

Establishing a framework for neuropathological correlates and glymphatic system functioning in Parkinson’s disease

(2019) Saranya Sundaram et al.   NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS

Updating Neuroimmune Targets in Central Nervous System Dysfunction

(2019) L.A. Valente et al.   TRENDS IN PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES

Meningeal Mast Cells as Key Effectors of Stroke Pathology

(2019) Ahmet Arac et al.   Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience

Meningeal lymphatic vessels at the skull base drain cerebrospinal fluid

(2019) Ji Hoon Ahn et al.   NATURE

Single-cell analysis reveals T cell infiltration in old neurogenic niches

(2019) Ben W. Dulken et al.   NATURE

TREM2 Acts Downstream of CD33 in Modulating Microglial Pathology in Alzheimer’s Disease

(2019) Ana Griciuc et al.   NEURON

Current understanding of lymphatic vessels in the central nervous system

(2019) Ryota Tamura et al.   NEUROSURGICAL REVIEW

Sleep Disturbance as Potential Risk and Progression Factor for Parkinson’s Disease

(2019) Nicolaas I. Bohnen et al.   Journal of Parkinsons Disease

Dopamine Receptor D3 Expression Is Altered in CD4+ T-Cells From Parkinson's Disease Patients and Its Pharmacologic Inhibition Attenuates the Motor Impairment in a Mouse Model

(2019) Daniela Elgueta et al.   Frontiers in Immunology

Connections Between Amyloid Beta and the Meningeal Lymphatics As a Possible Route for Clearance and Therapeutics

(2019) Graham Dupont et al.   Lymphatic Research and Biology

Current Understanding of Central Nervous System Drainage Systems: Implications in the Context of Neurodegenerative Diseases

(2019) Vladimir N. Nikolenko et al.   Current Neuropharmacology

The role of innate immune responses and neuroinflammation in amyloid accumulation and progression of Alzheimer's disease

(2019) Alessandra Webers et al.   IMMUNOLOGY AND CELL BIOLOGY

The CNS Immune Landscape from the Viewpoint of a T Cell

(2019) Sarah Mundt et al.   TRENDS IN NEUROSCIENCES

Meningeal γδ T cell–derived IL-17 controls synaptic plasticity and short-term memory

(2019) Miguel Ribeiro et al.   Science Immunology

Meningeal inflammation changes the balance of TNF signalling in cortical grey matter in multiple sclerosis

(2019) Roberta Magliozzi et al.   Journal of Neuroinflammation

The meninges as barriers and facilitators for the movement of fluid, cells and pathogens related to the rodent and human CNS

(2018) Roy O. Weller et al.   ACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA

Dendritic Cell PD-L1 Limits Autoimmunity and Follicular T Cell Differentiation and Function

(2018) Peter T. Sage et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Induced dural lymphangiogenesis facilities soluble amyloid-beta clearance from brain in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease

(2018) Zhi-Bin Yao et al.   Neural Regeneration Research

Clearance of Amyloid Beta and Tau in Alzheimer’s Disease: from Mechanisms to Therapy

(2018) Shu-Hui Xin et al.   NEUROTOXICITY RESEARCH

β-Amyloid accumulation in the human brain after one night of sleep deprivation

(2018) Ehsan Shokri-Kojori et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Lymphatic drainage system of the brain: A novel target for intervention of neurological diseases

(2018) Bao-Liang Sun et al.   PROGRESS IN NEUROBIOLOGY

Advances in Meningeal Immunity

(2018) Rejane Rua et al.   TRENDS IN MOLECULAR MEDICINE

Linking Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration in Parkinson’s Disease

(2018) Géraldine Gelders et al.   Journal of Immunology Research

Deep cervical lymph node ligation aggravates AD-like pathology of APP/PS1 mice

(2018) Linmei Wang et al.   BRAIN PATHOLOGY

Functional aspects of meningeal lymphatics in ageing and Alzheimer’s disease

(2018) Sandro Da Mesquita et al.   NATURE

CNS lymphatic drainage and neuroinflammation are regulated by meningeal lymphatic vasculature

(2018) Antoine Louveau et al.   NATURE NEUROSCIENCE

Protein misfolding, aggregation, and conformational strains in neurodegenerative diseases

(2018) Claudio Soto et al.   NATURE NEUROSCIENCE

Cortical and meningeal pathology in progressive multiple sclerosis: a new therapeutic target?

(2018) Berenice Anabel Silva et al.   REVIEWS IN THE NEUROSCIENCES

Magnetic resonance imaging provides evidence of glymphatic drainage from human brain to cervical lymph nodes

(2018) Per Kristian Eide et al.   Scientific Reports

Meningeal inflammation and cortical demyelination in acute multiple sclerosis

(2018) Ryan J. Bevan et al.   ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY

Neurological and histological outcomes after subarachnoid injection of a liposomal bupivacaine suspension in pigs: a pilot study

(2018) J. Zel et al.   BRITISH JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIA

Multiple sclerosis - a review

(2018) R. Dobson et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY

The glymphatic pathway in neurological disorders

(2018) Martin Kaag Rasmussen et al.   LANCET NEUROLOGY

The Meningeal Lymphatic System: A New Player in Neurophysiology

(2018) Sandro Da Mesquita et al.   NEURON

Type I interferon pathway in CNS homeostasis and neurological disorders

(2017) Thomas Blank et al.   GLIA

CNS: Not an immunoprivilaged site anymore but a virtual secondary lymphoid organ

(2017) Neema Negi et al.   INTERNATIONAL REVIEWS OF IMMUNOLOGY

Understanding the functions and relationships of the glymphatic system and meningeal lymphatics

(2017) Antoine Louveau et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION

IL-13–Mediated Regulation of Learning and Memory

(2017) Tiroyaone M. Brombacher et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Barrier-tissue macrophages: functional adaptation to environmental challenges

(2017) Allan McI Mowat et al.   NATURE MEDICINE

Where are we? The anatomy of the murine cortical meninges revisited for intravital imaging, immunology, and clearance of waste from the brain

(2017) Jonathan A. Coles et al.   PROGRESS IN NEUROBIOLOGY

Outflow of cerebrospinal fluid is predominantly through lymphatic vessels and is reduced in aged mice

(2017) Qiaoli Ma et al.   Nature Communications

Human and nonhuman primate meninges harbor lymphatic vessels that can be visualized noninvasively by MRI

(2017) Martina Absinta et al.   eLife

Voluntary Exercise Promotes Glymphatic Clearance of Amyloid Beta and Reduces the Activation of Astrocytes and Microglia in Aged Mice

(2017) Xiao-fei He et al.   Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience

Immune-Mediated Repair: A Matter of Plasticity

(2017) Paôline Laurent et al.   Frontiers in Immunology

CCR7 deficient inflammatory Dendritic Cells are retained in the Central Nervous System

(2017) Benjamin D. Clarkson et al.   Scientific Reports

Perivascular Macrophages Limit PermeabilityHighlights

(2016) Huanhuan He et al.   ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY

Cerebrovascular defects in Foxc1 mutants correlate with aberrant WNT and VEGF—A pathways downstream of retinoic acid from the meninges

(2016) Swati Mishra et al.   DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY

TRPM8 and Migraine

(2016) Greg Dussor et al.   HEADACHE

Meningeal mast cell-T cell crosstalk regulates T cell encephalitogenicity

(2016) Abigail E. Russi et al.   JOURNAL OF AUTOIMMUNITY

Age-Associated Resident Memory CD8 T Cells in the Central Nervous System Are Primed To Potentiate Inflammation after Ischemic Brain Injury

(2016) Rodney M. Ritzel et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Transforming growth factor-β1 induces fibrosis in rat meningeal mesothelial cells via the p38 signaling pathway

(2016) Xue-Jing Yue et al.   Molecular Medicine Reports

Effector T-cell trafficking between the leptomeninges and the cerebrospinal fluid

(2016) Christian Schläger et al.   NATURE

Unexpected role of interferon-γ in regulating neuronal connectivity and social behaviour

(2016) Anthony J. Filiano et al.   NATURE

New insights into the multidimensional concept of macrophage ontogeny, activation and function

(2016) Florent Ginhoux et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

Monosodium glutamate alters the response properties of rat trigeminovascular neurons through activation of peripheral NMDA receptors

(2016) Melissa O’Brien et al.   NEUROSCIENCE

Multifaceted interactions between adaptive immunity and the central nervous system

(2016) J. Kipnis   SCIENCE

CD4+T cells confer anxiolytic and antidepressant-like effects, but enhance fear memory processes inRag2−/−mice

(2016) Sarah M. Clark et al.   STRESS-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON THE BIOLOGY OF STRESS

Understanding the Role of T Cells in CNS Homeostasis

(2016) Erik Ellwardt et al.   TRENDS IN IMMUNOLOGY

Tertiary Lymphoid Organs in Central Nervous System Autoimmunity

(2016) Meike Mitsdoerffer et al.   Frontiers in Immunology

Group 3 innate lymphoid cells accumulate and exhibit disease-induced activation in the meninges in EAE

(2015) Julianne K. Hatfield et al.   CELLULAR IMMUNOLOGY

Integration of Th17- and Lymphotoxin-Derived Signals Initiates Meningeal-Resident Stromal Cell Remodeling to Propagate Neuroinflammation

(2015) Natalia B. Pikor et al.   IMMUNITY

MHCII-independent CD4+ T cells protect injured CNS neurons via IL-4

(2015) James T. Walsh et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION

A dural lymphatic vascular system that drains brain interstitial fluid and macromolecules

(2015) Aleksanteri Aspelund et al.   JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE

Neuronal Interleukin-4 as a Modulator of Microglial Pathways and Ischemic Brain Damage

(2015) X. Zhao et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE

Parkinson's disease

(2015) Lorraine V Kalia et al.   LANCET

Deletion of aquaporin-4 in APP/PS1 mice exacerbates brain Aβ accumulation and memory deficits

(2015) Zhiqiang Xu et al.   Molecular Neurodegeneration

Structural and functional features of central nervous system lymphatic vessels

(2015) Antoine Louveau et al.   NATURE

Immune attack: the role of inflammation in Alzheimer disease

(2015) Frank L. Heppner et al.   NATURE REVIEWS NEUROSCIENCE

The Glymphatic System: A Beginner’s Guide

(2015) Nadia Aalling Jessen et al.   NEUROCHEMICAL RESEARCH

Extensive grey matter pathology in the cerebellum in multiple sclerosis is linked to inflammation in the subarachnoid space

(2015) Owain W. Howell et al.   NEUROPATHOLOGY AND APPLIED NEUROBIOLOGY

Do not judge a cell by its cover—diversity of CNS resident, adjoining and infiltrating myeloid cells in inflammation

(2015) Stefanie M. Brendecke et al.   Seminars in Immunopathology

The meninges: new therapeutic targets for multiple sclerosis

(2015) Abigail E. Russi et al.   Translational Research

Intracranial Biodegradable Silica-Based Nimodipine Drug Release Implant for Treating Vasospasm in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in an Experimental Healthy Pig and Dog Model

(2015) Janne Koskimäki et al.   Biomed Research International

Impairment of paravascular clearance pathways in the aging brain

(2014) Benjamin T. Kress et al.   ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY

Chronic exposure to TGFβ1 regulates myeloid cell inflammatory response in an IRF7‐dependent manner

(2014) Merav Cohen et al.   EMBO JOURNAL

T-cell-mediated regulation of neuroinflammation involved in neurodegenerative diseases

(2014) Hugo González et al.   Journal of Neuroinflammation

IL-4 Signaling Drives a Unique Arginase+/IL-1 + Microglia Phenotype and Recruits Macrophages to the Inflammatory CNS: Consequences of Age-Related Deficits in IL-4R  after Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury

(2014) A. M. Fenn et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE

Migration of Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Cells Is Controlled by Transforming Growth Factor   Family Proteins during Corticogenesis

(2014) Y. Choe et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE

Impairment of Glymphatic Pathway Function Promotes Tau Pathology after Traumatic Brain Injury

(2014) Jeffrey J. Iliff et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE

Cdk5 inhibitor roscovitine alleviates neuropathic pain in the dorsal root ganglia by downregulating N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor subunit 2A

(2014) Lei Yang et al.   NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES

Hand in glove: brain and skull in development and dysmorphogenesis

(2013) Joan T. Richtsmeier et al.   ACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA

Decorin prevents the development of juvenile communicating hydrocephalus

(2013) Hannah Botfield et al.   BRAIN

Cortical grey matter demyelination can be induced by elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines in the subarachnoid space of MOG-immunized rats

(2013) Christopher Gardner et al.   BRAIN

Brain antigen-reactive CD4+ T cells are sufficient to support learning behavior in mice with limited T cell repertoire

(2013) Ali Radjavi et al.   BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY

Meningeal and choroid plexus cells—Novel drug targets for CNS disorders

(2013) Mike Dragunow   BRAIN RESEARCH

The pia mater: a comprehensive review of literature

(2013) Nimer Adeeb et al.   CHILDS NERVOUS SYSTEM

Tat peptide-decorated gelatin-siloxane nanoparticles for delivery of CGRP transgene in treatment of cerebral vasospasm

(2013) Tian et al.   International Journal of Nanomedicine

IFN-  Production by Amyloid  -Specific Th1 Cells Promotes Microglial Activation and Increases Plaque Burden in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease

(2013) T. C. Browne et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

MHCII Is Required for  -Synuclein-Induced Activation of Microglia, CD4 T Cell Proliferation, and Dopaminergic Neurodegeneration

(2013) A. S. Harms et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE

Apolipoprotein E and Alzheimer disease: risk, mechanisms and therapy

(2013) Chia-Chen Liu et al.   Nature Reviews Neurology

Sleep Drives Metabolite Clearance from the Adult Brain

(2013) L. Xie et al.   SCIENCE

CD4+ but not CD8+ T cells revert the impaired emotional behavior of immunocompromised RAG-1-deficient mice

(2013) L Rattazzi et al.   Translational Psychiatry

The intracranial arachnoid mater

(2012) Nimer Adeeb et al.   CHILDS NERVOUS SYSTEM

The cranial dura mater: a review of its history, embryology, and anatomy

(2012) Nimer Adeeb et al.   CHILDS NERVOUS SYSTEM

Mast cell activation and neutrophil recruitment promotes early and robust inflammation in the meninges in EAE

(2012) Alison L. Christy et al.   JOURNAL OF AUTOIMMUNITY

Migration of monocytes after intracerebral injection at entorhinal cortex lesion site

(2012) Miriam Kaminski et al.   JOURNAL OF LEUKOCYTE BIOLOGY

Subarachnoid pharmacodialysis for central nervous system disorders

(2012) John G. Kral et al.   MEDICAL HYPOTHESES

Immune surveillance in the central nervous system

(2012) Shalina S Ousman et al.   NATURE NEUROSCIENCE

Meningeal defects alter the tangential migration of cortical interneurons in Foxc1hith/hith mice

(2012) Konstantinos Zarbalis et al.   Neural Development

A Paravascular Pathway Facilitates CSF Flow Through the Brain Parenchyma and the Clearance of Interstitial Solutes, Including Amyloid  

(2012) J. J. Iliff et al.   Science Translational Medicine

The use of nicardipine prolonged release implants (NPRI) in microsurgical clipping after aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage: comparison with endovascular treatment

(2011) Ulf C. Schneider et al.   ACTA NEUROCHIRURGICA

Meningeal inflammation is widespread and linked to cortical pathology in multiple sclerosis

(2011) Owain W. Howell et al.   BRAIN

We have got you ‘covered’: how the meninges control brain development

(2011) Julie A Siegenthaler et al.   CURRENT OPINION IN GENETICS & DEVELOPMENT

Evaluation of anti-migraine potential of Areca catechu to prevent nitroglycerin-induced delayed inflammation in rat meninges: Possible involvement of NOS inhibition

(2011) Amol Bhandare et al.   JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY

Lymph node-derived donor encephalitogenic CD4+ T cells in C57BL/6 mice adoptive transfer experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis highly express GM-CSF and T-bet

(2011) Petra D Cravens et al.   Journal of Neuroinflammation

Developmental Aspects of the Intracerebral Microvasculature and Perivascular Spaces: Insights into Brain Response to Late-Life Diseases

(2011) Miguel Marín-Padilla et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROPATHOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY

The collagenic architecture of human dura mater

(2011) Marina Protasoni et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY

RORγt drives production of the cytokine GM-CSF in helper T cells, which is essential for the effector phase of autoimmune neuroinflammation

(2011) Laura Codarri et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

IFN-γ signaling, with the synergistic contribution of TNF-α, mediates cell specific microglial and astroglial activation in experimental models of Parkinson's disease

(2011) C Barcia et al.   Cell Death & Disease

The Innervation of the Cranial Dura Mater: Neurosurgical Case Correlates and a Review of the Literature

(2011) William J. Kemp et al.   World Neurosurgery

Tissue macrophages act as cellular chaperones for vascular anastomosis downstream of VEGF-mediated endothelial tip cell induction

(2010) A. Fantin et al.   BLOOD

Brain homeostasis is maintained by “danger” signals stimulating a supportive immune response within the brain’s borders

(2010) Noga Ron-Harel et al.   BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY

Alternatively activated myeloid (M2) cells enhance cognitive function in immune compromised mice

(2010) Noel C. Derecki et al.   BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY

A conceptual revolution in the relationships between the brain and immunity

(2010) Michal Schwartz et al.   BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY

Regulation of learning and memory by meningeal immunity: a key role for IL-4

(2010) Noël C. Derecki et al.   JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE

Decreased Clearance of CNS  -Amyloid in Alzheimer's Disease

(2010) K. G. Mawuenyega et al.   SCIENCE

Novel stem/progenitor cells with neuronal differentiation potential reside in the leptomeningeal niche

(2009) Francesco Bifari et al.   JOURNAL OF CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR MEDICINE

CD4-Positive T Lymphocytes Provide a Neuroimmunological Link in the Control of Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis

(2009) S. A. Wolf et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Discussion

(2009) Sae Hee Ko et al.   PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY

Localizing central nervous system immune surveillance: Meningeal antigen-presenting cells activate T cells during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

(2008) Pia Kivisäkk et al.   ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY

Adaptive immunity affects learning behavior in mice

(2008) Anna Brynskikh et al.   BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY