Perivascular spaces in the brain: anatomy, physiology and pathology

Blood–brain barrier breakdown is an early biomarker of human cognitive dysfunction

(2019) Daniel A. Nation et al.   NATURE MEDICINE

Increased glymphatic influx is correlated with high EEG delta power and low heart rate in mice under anesthesia

(2019) Lauren M. Hablitz et al.   Science Advances

The sleep-wake cycle regulates brain interstitial fluid tau in mice and CSF tau in humans

(2019) Jerrah K. Holth et al.   SCIENCE

Perivascular spaces and their associations with risk factors, clinical disorders and neuroimaging features: A systematic review and meta-analysis

(2019) Farah Francis et al.   International Journal of Stroke

Small vessel disease: mechanisms and clinical implications

(2019) Joanna M Wardlaw et al.   LANCET NEUROLOGY

Enlarged basal ganglia perivascular spaces and sleep parameters. A population-based study

(2019) Oscar H. Del Brutto et al.   CLINICAL NEUROLOGY AND NEUROSURGERY

Convective influx/glymphatic system: tracers injected into the CSF enter and leave the brain along separate periarterial basement membrane pathways

(2018) Nazira J. Albargothy et al.   ACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA

The Glymphatic System in Central Nervous System Health and Disease: Past, Present, and Future

(2018) Benjamin A. Plog et al.   Annual Review of Pathology-Mechanisms of Disease

Understanding the role of the perivascular space in cerebral small vessel disease

(2018) Rosalind Brown et al.   CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH

The Glymphatic System and Waste Clearance with Brain Aging: A Review

(2018) Helene Benveniste et al.   GERONTOLOGY

Delayed clearance of cerebrospinal fluid tracer from entorhinal cortex in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: A glymphatic magnetic resonance imaging study

(2018) Per K Eide et al.   JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM

Cognitive function, disease burden and the structural connectome in systemic lupus erythematosus

(2018) S J Wiseman et al.   LUPUS

Pericyte degeneration causes white matter dysfunction in the mouse central nervous system

(2018) Axel Montagne et al.   NATURE MEDICINE

Blood–brain barrier breakdown in Alzheimer disease and other neurodegenerative disorders

(2018) Melanie D. Sweeney et al.   Nature Reviews Neurology

Review: Vascular dementia: clinicopathologic and genetic considerations

(2018) H. V. Vinters et al.   NEUROPATHOLOGY AND APPLIED NEUROBIOLOGY

β-Amyloid accumulation in the human brain after one night of sleep deprivation

(2018) Ehsan Shokri-Kojori et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Genetic variation in Aquaporin-4 moderates the relationship between sleep and brain Aβ-amyloid burden

(2018) Stephanie R. Rainey-Smith et al.   Translational Psychiatry

A protocol for precise comparisons of small vessel disease lesions between ex vivo magnetic resonance imaging and histopathology

(2018) Catherine A Humphreys et al.   International Journal of Stroke

Visible Virchow-Robin Spaces on Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Alzheimer's Disease Patients and Normal Elderly from the Sunnybrook Dementia Study

(2018) Joel Ramirez et al.   JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE

Enlarged perivascular spaces and cognition

(2018) Saima Hilal et al.   NEUROLOGY

Perivascular Spaces Segmentation in Brain MRI Using Optimal 3D Filtering

(2018) Lucia Ballerini et al.   Scientific Reports

Magnetic resonance imaging provides evidence of glymphatic drainage from human brain to cervical lymph nodes

(2018) Per Kristian Eide et al.   Scientific Reports

Transcriptional network analysis of human astrocytic endfoot genes reveals region-specific associations with dementia status and tau pathology

(2018) Matthew J. Simon et al.   Scientific Reports

Loss of perivascular aquaporin-4 in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus

(2018) Md Mahdi Hasan-Olive et al.   GLIA

Small vessel disease is associated with altered cerebrovascular pulsatility but not resting cerebral blood flow

(2018) Yulu Shi et al.   JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM

The glymphatic pathway in neurological disorders

(2018) Martin Kaag Rasmussen et al.   LANCET NEUROLOGY

Panoptic imaging of transparent mice reveals whole-body neuronal projections and skull–meninges connections

(2018) Ruiyao Cai et al.   NATURE NEUROSCIENCE

Flow of cerebrospinal fluid is driven by arterial pulsations and is reduced in hypertension

(2018) Humberto Mestre et al.   Nature Communications

Aquaporin-4-dependent glymphatic solute transport in the rodent brain

(2018) Humberto Mestre et al.   eLife

Clinical Significance of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Markers of Vascular Brain Injury

(2018) Stéphanie Debette et al.   JAMA Neurology

Identification of the Upward Movement of Human CSF In Vivo and its Relation to the Brain Venous System

(2017) Steffi Dreha-Kulaczewski et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE

Cerebrospinal Fluid Clearance in Alzheimer Disease Measured with Dynamic PET

(2017) Mony J. de Leon et al.   JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE

Hemorrhage recurrence risk factors in cerebral amyloid angiopathy: Comparative analysis of the overall small vessel disease severity score versus individual neuroimaging markers

(2017) Gregoire Boulouis et al.   JOURNAL OF THE NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES

Cerebrospinal and interstitial fluid transport via the glymphatic pathway modeled by optimal mass transport

(2017) Vadim Ratner et al.   NEUROIMAGE

CADASIL accelerated by acute hypotension

(2017) Jacqueline A. Pettersen et al.   NEUROLOGY

Interstitial solute transport in 3D reconstructed neuropil occurs by diffusion rather than bulk flow

(2017) Karl Erik Holter et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea is associated with cerebral small vessel disease

(2017) Tae-Jin Song et al.   SLEEP MEDICINE

Clinical Correlates, Ethnic Differences, and Prognostic Implications of Perivascular Spaces in Transient Ischemic Attack and Ischemic Stroke

(2017) Kui-Kai Lau et al.   STROKE

Human and nonhuman primate meninges harbor lymphatic vessels that can be visualized noninvasively by MRI

(2017) Martina Absinta et al.   eLife

Test of the 'glymphatic' hypothesis demonstrates diffusive and aquaporin-4-independent solute transport in rodent brain parenchyma

(2017) Alex J Smith et al.   eLife

Large Perivascular Spaces Visible on Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cerebral Small Vessel Disease Progression, and Risk of Dementia

(2017) Jie Ding et al.   JAMA Neurology

Association of Perivascular Localization of Aquaporin-4 With Cognition and Alzheimer Disease in Aging Brains

(2017) Douglas M. Zeppenfeld et al.   JAMA Neurology

High Degree of Dilated Virchow-Robin Spaces on MRI is Associated with Increased Risk of Dementia

(2017) Yi-Cheng Zhu et al.   JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE

Enlarged perivascular spaces are associated with the disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus

(2017) Mari Miyata et al.   Scientific Reports

Vascular basement membranes as pathways for the passage of fluid into and out of the brain

(2016) Alan W. J. Morris et al.   ACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA

Deposition of amyloid β in the walls of human leptomeningeal arteries in relation to perivascular drainage pathways in cerebral amyloid angiopathy

(2016) Abby Keable et al.   BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR BASIS OF DISEASE

Lymphatic Clearance of the Brain: Perivascular, Paravascular and Significance for Neurodegenerative Diseases

(2016) Erik N. T. P. Bakker et al.   CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY

Paravascular channels, cisterns, and the subarachnoid space in the rat brain: A single compartment with preferential pathways

(2016) Beatrice Bedussi et al.   JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM

Cerebral blood flow in small vessel disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis

(2016) Yulu Shi et al.   JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM

Spatial model of convective solute transport in brain extracellular space does not support a “glymphatic” mechanism

(2016) Byung-Ju Jin et al.   JOURNAL OF GENERAL PHYSIOLOGY

Fatigue and cognitive function in systemic lupus erythematosus: associations with white matter microstructural damage. A diffusion tensor MRI study and meta-analysis

(2016) S J Wiseman et al.   LUPUS

Cerebral Small Vessel Disease Burden Is Increased in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

(2016) Stewart J. Wiseman et al.   STROKE

Glymphatic solute transport does not require bulk flow

(2016) Mahdi Asgari et al.   Scientific Reports

Prevalence of enlarged perivascular spaces in a memory clinic population

(2015) Hye Won Beak et al.   Alzheimers & Dementia

Pericytes are involved in the pathogenesis of cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy

(2015) Mitrajit Ghosh et al.   ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY

Frontal white matter hyperintensities, clasmatodendrosis and gliovascular abnormalities in ageing and post-stroke dementia

(2015) Aiqing Chen et al.   BRAIN

Cerebral Perivascular Spaces Visible on Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Development of a Qualitative Rating Scale and its Observer Reliability

(2015) Gillian M. Potter et al.   CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASES

A balanced view of the cerebrospinal fluid composition and functions: Focus on adult humans

(2015) Reynold Spector et al.   EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY

Ultra-fast magnetic resonance encephalography of physiological brain activity – Glymphatic pulsation mechanisms?

(2015) Vesa Kiviniemi et al.   JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM

A dural lymphatic vascular system that drains brain interstitial fluid and macromolecules

(2015) Aleksanteri Aspelund et al.   JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE

The Effect of Body Posture on Brain Glymphatic Transport

(2015) H. Lee et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE

Inspiration Is the Major Regulator of Human CSF Flow

(2015) S. Dreha-Kulaczewski et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE

Structural and functional features of central nervous system lymphatic vessels

(2015) Antoine Louveau et al.   NATURE

Clearance systems in the brain—implications for Alzheimer disease

(2015) Jenna M. Tarasoff-Conway et al.   Nature Reviews Neurology

Total MRI load of cerebral small vessel disease and cognitive ability in older people

(2015) Julie Staals et al.   NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING

The Glymphatic System: A Beginner’s Guide

(2015) Nadia Aalling Jessen et al.   NEUROCHEMICAL RESEARCH

Impairment of paravascular clearance pathways in the aging brain

(2014) Benjamin T. Kress et al.   ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY

White Matter Changes in Dementia: Role of Impaired Drainage of Interstitial Fluid

(2014) Roy O. Weller et al.   BRAIN PATHOLOGY

Dilated Perivascular Spaces in Small-Vessel Disease: A Study in CADASIL

(2014) Ming Yao et al.   CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASES

Cerebrospinal fluid outflow along lumbar nerves and possible relevance for pain research: case report and review

(2014) Karl Bechter et al.   CROATIAN MEDICAL JOURNAL

Subjective Cognitive Failures in Patients With Hypertension Are Related to Cognitive Performance and Cerebral Microbleeds

(2014) Renske Uiterwijk et al.   HYPERTENSION

Visualization of Perivascular Spaces and Perforating Arteries With 7 T Magnetic Resonance Imaging

(2014) Willem H. Bouvy et al.   INVESTIGATIVE RADIOLOGY

Circulating Inflammatory Markers Are Associated With Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Visible Perivascular Spaces But Not Directly With White Matter Hyperintensities

(2014) Benjamin S. Aribisala et al.   STROKE

Enlarged Perivascular Spaces and Cerebral Small Vessel Disease

(2013) Gillian M. Potter et al.   International Journal of Stroke

Brain-wide pathway for waste clearance captured by contrast-enhanced MRI

(2013) Jeffrey J. Iliff et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION

Towards the automatic computational assessment of enlarged perivascular spaces on brain magnetic resonance images: A systematic review

(2013) Maria del C. Valdés Hernández et al.   JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING

Cerebral Arterial Pulsation Drives Paravascular CSF-Interstitial Fluid Exchange in the Murine Brain

(2013) J. J. Iliff et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE

Evaluating glymphatic pathway function utilizing clinically relevant intrathecal infusion of CSF tracer

(2013) Lijun Yang et al.   Journal of Translational Medicine

Imaging new lesions: Enhancing our understanding of multiple sclerosis pathogenesis

(2013) E. Fisher et al.   NEUROLOGY

White matter perivascular spaces: An MRI marker in pathology-proven cerebral amyloid angiopathy?

(2013) A. Charidimou et al.   NEUROLOGY

Sleep Drives Metabolite Clearance from the Adult Brain

(2013) L. Xie et al.   SCIENCE

Paravascular microcirculation facilitates rapid lipid transport and astrocyte signaling in the brain

(2013) Vinita Rangroo Thrane et al.   Scientific Reports

A Paravascular Pathway Facilitates CSF Flow Through the Brain Parenchyma and the Clearance of Interstitial Solutes, Including Amyloid  

(2012) J. J. Iliff et al.   Science Translational Medicine

Perivascular drainage of solutes is impaired in the ageing mouse brain and in the presence of cerebral amyloid angiopathy

(2011) Cheryl A. Hawkes et al.   ACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA

Assessment of the Virchow-Robin Spaces in Alzheimer Disease, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Normal Aging, Using High-Field MR Imaging

(2011) W. Chen et al.   AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEURORADIOLOGY

Frequency and Location of Dilated Virchow-Robin Spaces in Elderly People: A Population-Based 3D MR Imaging Study

(2011) Y.-C. Zhu et al.   AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEURORADIOLOGY

COL4A1 Mutations as a Monogenic Cause of Cerebral Small Vessel Disease

(2010) Silvia Lanfranconi et al.   STROKE

Severity of Dilated Virchow-Robin Spaces Is Associated With Age, Blood Pressure, and MRI Markers of Small Vessel Disease

(2010) Yi-Cheng Zhu et al.   STROKE

Enlarged Perivascular Spaces on MRI Are a Feature of Cerebral Small Vessel Disease

(2010) Fergus N. Doubal et al.   STROKE

Lacunar stroke is associated with diffuse blood-brain barrier dysfunction

(2009) Joanna M. Wardlaw et al.   ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY

Lymphatic drainage of the brain and the pathophysiology of neurological disease

(2008) Roy O. Weller et al.   ACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA

P2-010: Does variable progression of incidental white matter hyperintensities in Alzheimer's disease relate to venous insufficiency?

(2008) Fuqiang Gao et al.   Alzheimers & Dementia

Perivascular spaces--MRI marker of inflammatory activity in the brain?

(2008) J. Wuerfel et al.   BRAIN

apoE isoform–specific disruption of amyloid β peptide clearance from mouse brain

(2008) Rashid Deane et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION