The past, present, and future physiology and pharmacology of glucagon

Heterogenous impairment of α cell function in type 2 diabetes is linked to cell maturation state

(2022) Xiao-Qing Dai et al.   Cell Metabolism

More than meets the islet: aligning nutrient and paracrine inputs with hormone secretion in health and disease

(2022) Taylor S. Morriseau et al.   AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM

Opposing roles of the entero-pancreatic hormone urocortin-3 in glucose metabolism in rats

(2022) Kaare V. Grunddal et al.   DIABETOLOGIA

Pro-α-cell-derived β-cells contribute to β-cell neogenesis induced by antagonistic glucagon receptor antibody in type 2 diabetic mice

(2022) Xiaona Cui et al.   iScience

Mechanisms controlling pancreatic islet cell function in insulin secretion

(2021) Jonathan E. Campbell et al.   NATURE REVIEWS MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY

GIP mediates the incretin effect and glucose tolerance by dual actions on α cells and β cells

(2021) K. El et al.   Science Advances

Dasiglucagon: A Next-Generation Glucagon Analog for Rapid and Effective Treatment of Severe Hypoglycemia Results of Phase 3 Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial

(2021) Thomas R. Pieber et al.   DIABETES CARE

The role of incretins on insulin function and glucose homeostasis

(2021) Jens Juul Holst et al.   ENDOCRINOLOGY

Effects of endogenous GIP in patients with type 2 diabetes

(2021) Signe Stensen et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY

Dasiglucagon, a next‐generation ready‐to‐use glucagon analog, for treatment of severe hypoglycemia in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes: results of a phase 3, randomized controlled trial

(2021) Tadej Battelino et al.   PEDIATRIC DIABETES

Glucagon‐like peptide‐1 in diabetes care: Can glycaemic control be achieved without nausea and vomiting?

(2021) Tito Borner et al.   BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY

Effects of Cotadutide on Metabolic and Hepatic Parameters in Adults With Overweight or Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes: A 54-Week Randomized Phase 2b Study

(2021) Rajaa Nahra et al.   DIABETES CARE

Somatostatin Receptor Antagonism Reverses Glucagon Counterregulatory Failure in Recurrently Hypoglycemic Male Rats

(2021) Emily G Hoffman et al.   ENDOCRINOLOGY

Efficacy and safety of a novel dual GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist tirzepatide in patients with type 2 diabetes (SURPASS-1): a double-blind, randomised, phase 3 trial

(2021) Julio Rosenstock et al.   LANCET

Tirzepatide versus Semaglutide Once Weekly in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

(2021) Juan P. Frías et al.   NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE

Arginine vasopressin: Direct and indirect action on metabolism

(2021) Mitsuhiro Yoshimura et al.   PEPTIDES

Pancreatic β Cells Inhibit Glucagon Secretion from α Cells: An In Vitro Demonstration of α–β Cell Interaction

(2021) Wenqian Gu et al.   Nutrients

Striking the Balance: GLP-1/Glucagon Co-Agonism as a Treatment Strategy for Obesity

(2021) David C. D. Hope et al.   Frontiers in Endocrinology

Effects on weight loss and glycemic control with SAR441255, a potent unimolecular peptide GLP-1/GIP/GCG receptor triagonist

(2021) Martin Bossart et al.   Cell Metabolism

Tirzepatide as an Insulin Sensitizer

(2021) Ele Ferrannini   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Arginine-vasopressin mediates counter-regulatory glucagon release and is diminished in type 1 diabetes

(2021) Angela Kim et al.   eLife

Gq signaling in α cells is critical for maintaining euglycemia

(2021) Liu Liu et al.   JCI Insight

Glucagon Resistance at the Level of Amino Acid Turnover in Obese Subjects with Hepatic Steatosis

(2020) Malte P. Suppli et al.   DIABETES

The Limited Role of Glucagon for Ketogenesis During Fasting or in Response to SGLT2 Inhibition

(2020) Megan E. Capozzi et al.   DIABETES

GIP and GLP-1 Receptor Antagonism During a Meal in Healthy Individuals

(2020) Lærke S Gasbjerg et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

NASAL GLUCAGON DELIVERY IS MORE SUCCESSFUL THAN INJECTABLE DELIVERY: A SIMULATED SEVERE HYPOGLYCEMIA RESCUE

(2020) Julie A. Settles et al.   Endocrine Practice

Reduced somatostatin signalling leads to hypersecretion of glucagon in mice fed a high fat diet

(2020) Joely A. Kellard et al.   Molecular Metabolism

Discordance between GLP-1R gene and protein expression in mouse pancreatic islet cells

(2020) Sarah M Gray et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

Central nervous pathways of insulin action in the control of metabolism and food intake

(2020) Stephanie Kullmann et al.   Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology

Glucagon Administration by Nasal and Intramuscular Routes in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes During Insulin-Induced Hypoglycaemia: A Randomised, Open-Label, Crossover Study

(2020) Jeffrey G. Suico et al.   Diabetes Therapy

Paracrine regulation of somatostatin secretion by insulin and glucagon in mouse pancreatic islets

(2020) Berit Svendsen et al.   DIABETOLOGIA

Early beta cell dysfunction vs insulin hypersecretion as the primary event in the pathogenesis of dysglycaemia

(2020) Nathalie Esser et al.   DIABETOLOGIA

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor co-agonists for treating metabolic disease

(2020) Laurie L. Baggio et al.   Molecular Metabolism

Glucagon Resistance and Decreased Susceptibility to Diabetes in a Model of Chronic Hyperglucagonemia

(2020) Nadejda Bozadjieva Kramer et al.   DIABETES

The liver–alpha cell axis associates with liver fat and insulin resistance: a validation study in women with non-steatotic liver fat levels

(2020) Christina Gar et al.   DIABETOLOGIA

Glucagon acutely regulates hepatic amino acid catabolism and the effect may be disturbed by steatosis

(2020) Marie Winther-Sørensen et al.   Molecular Metabolism

Branched-chain amino acids in disease

(2019) Phillip J. White et al.   SCIENCE

The liver-alpha cell axis and type 2 diabetes

(2019) Nicolai J Wewer Albrechtsen et al.   ENDOCRINE REVIEWS

Antisense Inhibition of Glucagon Receptor by IONIS-GCGRRx Improves Type 2 Diabetes Without Increase in Hepatic Glycogen Content in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes on Stable Metformin Therapy

(2019) Erin S. Morgan et al.   DIABETES CARE

Postprandial Aminogenic Insulin and Glucagon Secretion can Stimulate Glucose Flux in Humans

(2019) Teddy Ang et al.   DIABETES

Repositioning Glucagon Action in the Physiology and Pharmacology of Diabetes

(2019) Brian Finan et al.   DIABETES

The incretin system in healthy humans: The role of GIP and GLP-1

(2019) Jens Juul Holst   METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL

Glucagon Control on Food Intake and Energy Balance

(2019) Omar Al-Massadi et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES

A Primary Role for Alpha Cells as Amino Acid Sensors

(2019) E. Danielle Dean   DIABETES

Glucagon Regulation of Energy Expenditure

(2019) Maximilian Kleinert et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES

Hyperglucagonemia correlates with plasma levels of non-branched-chain amino acids in patients with liver disease independent of type 2 diabetes

(2018) Nicolai J. Wewer Albrechtsen et al.   AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY

Paracrine Interactions within the Pancreatic Islet Determine the Glycemic Set Point

(2018) Rayner Rodriguez-Diaz et al.   Cell Metabolism

Mechanisms of Action and Therapeutic Application of Glucagon-like Peptide-1

(2018) Daniel J. Drucker   Cell Metabolism

GPR119 Agonism Increases Glucagon Secretion During Insulin-Induced Hypoglycemia

(2018) Nina Xiaoyan Li et al.   DIABETES

Effect of a glucagon receptor antibody (REMD-477) in type 1 diabetes: A randomized controlled trial

(2018) Jeremy Pettus et al.   DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM

Evidence of a liver–alpha cell axis in humans: hepatic insulin resistance attenuates relationship between fasting plasma glucagon and glucagonotropic amino acids

(2018) Nicolai J. Wewer Albrechtsen et al.   DIABETOLOGIA

Targeting the Incretin/Glucagon System with Triagonists to Treat Diabetes

(2018) Megan E Capozzi et al.   ENDOCRINE REVIEWS

Incretin responses to oral glucose and mixed meal tests and changes in fasting glucose levels during 7 years of follow-up: The Hoorn Meal Study

(2018) A. D. M. Koopman et al.   PLoS One

α-cell glucokinase suppresses glucose-regulated glucagon secretion

(2018) Davide Basco et al.   Nature Communications

CPT1a-Dependent Long-Chain Fatty Acid Oxidation Contributes to Maintaining Glucagon Secretion from Pancreatic Islets

(2018) Linford J.B. Briant et al.   Cell Reports

α Cell Function and Gene Expression Are Compromised in Type 1 Diabetes

(2018) Marcela Brissova et al.   Cell Reports

Hepatic Glucagon-Receptor Signaling Enhances Insulin-Stimulated Glucose Disposal in Rodents

(2018) Teayoun Kim et al.   DIABETES

A novel dual glucagon-like peptide and glucagon receptor agonist SAR425899: Results of randomized, placebo-controlled first-in-human and first-in-patient trials

(2018) Joachim Tillner et al.   DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM

Insulin Secretion Depends on Intra-islet Glucagon Signaling

(2018) Berit Svendsen et al.   Cell Reports

Insulin and Glucagon: Partners for Life

(2017) Jens Juul Holst et al.   ENDOCRINOLOGY

Stereoselective binding of agonists to the β2-adrenergic receptor: insights into molecular details and thermodynamics from molecular dynamics simulations

(2017) Anita Plazinska et al.   Molecular BioSystems

The New Biology and Pharmacology of Glucagon

(2017) T. D. Müller et al.   PHYSIOLOGICAL REVIEWS

Angptl4 does not control hyperglucagonemia or α-cell hyperplasia following glucagon receptor inhibition

(2017) Haruka Okamoto et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Alpha TC1 and Beta-TC-6 genomic profiling uncovers both shared and distinct transcriptional regulatory features with their primary islet counterparts

(2017) Nathan Lawlor et al.   Scientific Reports

Pancreatic α Cell-Derived Glucagon-Related Peptides Are Required for β Cell Adaptation and Glucose Homeostasis

(2017) Shuyang Traub et al.   Cell Reports

Basal hypersecretion of glucagon and insulin from palmitate-exposed human islets depends on FFAR1 but not decreased somatostatin secretion

(2017) H. Kristinsson et al.   Scientific Reports

Effects of 13-Hour Hyperglucagonemia on Energy Expenditure and Hepatic Glucose Production in Humans

(2016) Manu Chakravarthy et al.   DIABETES

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of single and multiple doses of the glucagon receptor antagonist LGD-6972 in healthy subjects and subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus

(2016) Eric G. Vajda et al.   DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM

GLUCAGON PRESCRIPTION PATTERNS IN PATIENTS WITH EITHER TYPE 1 OR 2 DIABETES WITH NEWLY PRESCRIBED INSULIN

(2016) Beth D. Mitchell et al.   Endocrine Practice

Evidence of β-Cell Dedifferentiation in Human Type 2 Diabetes

(2016) Francesca Cinti et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Searching for the physiological role of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide

(2016) Jens Juul Holst et al.   Journal of Diabetes Investigation

Human Beta Cells Produce and Release Serotonin to Inhibit Glucagon Secretion from Alpha Cells

(2016) Joana Almaça et al.   Cell Reports

Blockade of glucagon signaling prevents or reverses diabetes onset only if residual β-cells persist

(2016) Nicolas Damond et al.   eLife

Glucagon receptor gene deletion in insulin knockout mice modestly reduces blood glucose and ketones but does not promote survival

(2016) Ursula H. Neumann et al.   Molecular Metabolism

Comprehensive alpha, beta and delta cell transcriptomes reveal that ghrelin selectively activates delta cells and promotes somatostatin release from pancreatic islets

(2016) Michael R. DiGruccio et al.   Molecular Metabolism

Evidence That in Uncontrolled Diabetes, Hyperglucagonemia Is Required for Ketosis but Not for Increased Hepatic Glucose Production or Hyperglycemia

(2015) Thomas H. Meek et al.   DIABETES

Novel Observations From Next-Generation RNA Sequencing of Highly Purified Human Adult and Fetal Islet Cell Subsets

(2015) David M. Blodgett et al.   DIABETES

Evaluation of Efficacy and Safety of the Glucagon Receptor Antagonist LY2409021 in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: 12- and 24-Week Phase 2 Studies

(2015) Christof M. Kazda et al.   DIABETES CARE

Glucagon increases energy expenditure independently of brown adipose tissue activation in humans

(2015) V. Salem et al.   DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM

Acute disruption of glucagon secretion or action does not improve glucose tolerance in an insulin-deficient mouse model of diabetes

(2015) Vivi R. Steenberg et al.   DIABETOLOGIA

Glucagon Cell Hyperplasia and Neoplasia With and Without Glucagon Receptor Mutations

(2015) Bence Sipos et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Effect of Oxyntomodulin, Glucagon, GLP-1, and Combined Glucagon +GLP-1 Infusion on Food Intake, Appetite, and Resting Energy Expenditure

(2015) Jonatan Ising Bagger et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Urocortin3 mediates somatostatin-dependent negative feedback control of insulin secretion

(2015) Talitha van der Meulen et al.   NATURE MEDICINE

Islet α cells and glucagon—critical regulators of energy homeostasis

(2015) Jonathan E. Campbell et al.   Nature Reviews Endocrinology

Glucagon receptor antibody completely suppresses type 1 diabetes phenotype without insulin by disrupting a novel diabetogenic pathway

(2015) May-Yun Wang et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Chronic hyperglycemia downregulates GLP-1 receptor signaling in pancreatic β-cells via protein kinase A

(2015) Sindhu Rajan et al.   Molecular Metabolism

Control of Insulin Secretion by Cholinergic Signaling in the Human Pancreatic Islet

(2014) J. Molina et al.   DIABETES

Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide Augments Glucagon Responses to Hypoglycemia in Type 1 Diabetes

(2014) Mikkel Christensen et al.   DIABETES

Absence of Glucagon and Insulin Action Reveals a Role for the GLP-1 Receptor in Endogenous Glucose Production

(2014) Lucy S. Jun et al.   DIABETES

Glucagon responses to increasing oral loads of glucose and corresponding isoglycaemic intravenous glucose infusions in patients with type 2 diabetes and healthy individuals

(2014) Jonatan I. Bagger et al.   DIABETOLOGIA

Alteration of the Glucagon Axis in GPR120 (FFAR4) Knockout Mice

(2014) Arthur T. Suckow et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

Transgene-induced pleiotropic effects in transplastomic plants

(2013) N. Scotti et al.   BIOTECHNOLOGY LETTERS

Role of KATP Channels in Glucose-Regulated Glucagon Secretion and Impaired Counterregulation in Type 2 Diabetes

(2013) Quan Zhang et al.   Cell Metabolism

Pharmacology, Physiology, and Mechanisms of Incretin Hormone Action

(2013) Jonathan E. Campbell et al.   Cell Metabolism

Somatostatin Receptor Type 2 Antagonism Improves Glucagon Counterregulation in Biobreeding Diabetic Rats

(2013) Negar Karimian et al.   DIABETES

Amelioration of Hypoglycemia Via Somatostatin Receptor Type 2 Antagonism in Recurrently Hypoglycemic Diabetic Rats

(2013) J. T. Y. Yue et al.   DIABETES

Identification and Characterization of GLP-1 Receptor-Expressing Cells Using a New Transgenic Mouse Model

(2013) P. Richards et al.   DIABETES

Glucagon and GLP-1 inhibit food intake and increase c-fos expression in similar appetite regulating centres in the brainstem and amygdala

(2013) J A Parker et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY

SSTR2 is the functionally dominant somatostatin receptor in human pancreatic β- and α-cells

(2012) Balrik Kailey et al.   AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM

Pancreatic β Cell Dedifferentiation as a Mechanism of Diabetic β Cell Failure

(2012) Chutima Talchai et al.   CELL

Clinical Diabetes/Therapeutics

(2012)   DIABETES

Liver-Specific Disruption of the Murine Glucagon Receptor Produces  -Cell Hyperplasia: Evidence for a Circulating  -Cell Growth Factor

(2012) C. Longuet et al.   DIABETES

Minireview: The Role of the Autonomic Nervous System in Mediating the Glucagon Response to Hypoglycemia

(2012) Gerald J. Taborsky et al.   ENDOCRINOLOGY

Regulation of Glucagon Secretion in Normal and Diabetic Human Islets by γ-Hydroxybutyrate and Glycine

(2012) Changhong Li et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

Glucagonocentric restructuring of diabetes: a pathophysiologic and therapeutic makeover

(2012) Roger H. Unger et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION

Metabolic manifestations of insulin deficiency do not occur without glucagon action

(2012) Y. Lee et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Islets Have a Lot of Nerve! Or Do They?

(2011) Gerald J. Taborsky   Cell Metabolism

Glucagonoma and the glucagonoma syndrome - cumulative experience with an elusive endocrine tumour

(2011) Roy Eldor et al.   CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY

Orals

(2011)   DIABETES

Remodeling of Hepatic Metabolism and Hyperaminoacidemia in Mice Deficient in Proglucagon-Derived Peptides

(2011) C. Watanabe et al.   DIABETES

Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide: A Bifunctional Glucose-Dependent Regulator of Glucagon and Insulin Secretion in Humans

(2011) M. Christensen et al.   DIABETES

Glucagon Receptor Knockout Prevents Insulin-Deficient Type 1 Diabetes in Mice

(2011) Y. Lee et al.   DIABETES

Early milestones in glucagon research

(2011) P. J. Lefèbvre   DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM

Physiologic action of glucagon on liver glucose metabolism

(2011) C. J. Ramnanan et al.   DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM

Brain glucose sensing and neural regulation of insulin and glucagon secretion

(2011) B. Thorens   DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM

Chronic treatment with a glucagon receptor antagonist lowers glucose and moderately raises circulating glucagon and glucagon-like peptide 1 without severe alpha cell hypertrophy in diet-induced obese mice

(2011) J. Mu et al.   DIABETOLOGIA

Incretin Hormone and Insulin Responses to OralVersusIntravenous Lipid Administration in Humans

(2011) Ola Lindgren et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Dual elimination of the glucagon and GLP-1 receptors in mice reveals plasticity in the incretin axis

(2011) Safina Ali et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION

Glucagon receptor antagonist-mediated improvements in glycemic control are dependent on functional pancreatic GLP-1 receptor

(2010) Wei Gu et al.   AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM

Glucose Suppression of Glucagon Secretion

(2010) Sylvain J. Le Marchand et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

Insulin Signaling in α Cells Modulates Glucagon Secretion In Vivo

(2009) Dan Kawamori et al.   Cell Metabolism

A Branched-Chain Amino Acid-Related Metabolic Signature that Differentiates Obese and Lean Humans and Contributes to Insulin Resistance

(2009) Christopher B. Newgard et al.   Cell Metabolism

Exogenous Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide Worsens Post prandial Hyperglycemia in T ype 2 Diabetes

(2009) C. W. Chia et al.   DIABETES

Insulin Storage and Glucose Homeostasis in Mice Null for the Granule Zinc Transporter ZnT8 and Studies of the Type 2 Diabetes-Associated Variants

(2009) T. J. Nicolson et al.   DIABETES

Homozygous P86S Mutation of the Human Glucagon Receptor Is Associated With Hyperglucagonemia, α Cell Hyperplasia, and Islet Cell Tumor

(2009) Cuiqi Zhou et al.   PANCREAS

The Glucagon Receptor Is Required for the Adaptive Metabolic Response to Fasting

(2008) Christine Longuet et al.   Cell Metabolism

The Barrier of Hypoglycemia in Diabetes

(2008) P. E. Cryer   DIABETES

The Role of Incretins in Glucose Homeostasis and Diabetes Treatment

(2008) W. Kim et al.   PHARMACOLOGICAL REVIEWS