Recent Developments in TSPO PET Imaging as A Biomarker of Neuroinflammation in Neurodegenerative Disorders

The validity of 18F-GE180 as a TSPO imaging agent

(2019) Paolo Zanotti-Fregonara et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING

In vivo evidence for pre-symptomatic neuroinflammation in a MAPT mutation carrier

(2019) W. Richard Bevan-Jones et al.   Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology

Confirmation of Specific Binding of the 18-kDa Translocator Protein (TSPO) Radioligand [18F]GE-180: a Blocking Study Using XBD173 in Multiple Sclerosis Normal Appearing White and Grey Matter

(2019) Sujata Sridharan et al.   MOLECULAR IMAGING AND BIOLOGY

The agonistic TSPO ligand XBD173 attenuates the glial response thereby protecting inner retinal neurons in a murine model of retinal ischemia

(2019) Kristin Mages et al.   Journal of Neuroinflammation

Binding Affinity of Some Endogenous and Synthetic TSPO Ligands Regarding the rs6971 Polymorphism

(2019) Neydher Berroterán-Infante et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES

In response to: The validity of 18F-GE180 as a TSPO imaging agent

(2019) Nathalie L. Albert et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING

Radiosynthesis of (R, S)‐[18F]GE387: A Potential PET Radiotracer for Imaging Translocator Protein 18 kDa (TSPO) with low binding sensitivity to the human gene polymorphism rs6971

(2019) Luxi Qiao et al.   ChemMedChem

Neuroinflammation in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease: A meta-analysis

(2019) Steven Bradburn et al.   AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS

Translocator protein and steroidogenesis

(2018) Barbara Costa et al.   BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL

TSPO PET with [18F]GE-180 sensitively detects focal neuroinflammation in patients with relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis

(2018) Marcus Unterrainer et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING

TSPO–PET imaging using [18F]PBR06 is a potential translatable biomarker for treatment response in Huntington’s disease: preclinical evidence with the p75NTR ligand LM11A-31

(2018) Danielle A Simmons et al.   HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS

Translocator protein (18 kDa): an update on its function in steroidogenesis

(2018) V. Papadopoulos et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY

11C-DPA-713 versus18F-GE-180: A preclinical comparison of TSPO-PET tracers to visualize acute and chronic neuroinflammation in a mouse model of ischemic stroke

(2018) Aisling Chaney et al.   JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE

Identification and therapeutic modulation of a pro-inflammatory subset of disease-associated-microglia in Alzheimer’s disease

(2018) Srikant Rangaraju et al.   Molecular Neurodegeneration

Microglia-mediated recovery from ALS-relevant motor neuron degeneration in a mouse model of TDP-43 proteinopathy

(2018) Krista J. Spiller et al.   NATURE NEUROSCIENCE

Physiological changes in neurodegeneration — mechanistic insights and clinical utility

(2018) Rebekah M. Ahmed et al.   Nature Reviews Neurology

Blood–brain barrier breakdown in Alzheimer disease and other neurodegenerative disorders

(2018) Melanie D. Sweeney et al.   Nature Reviews Neurology

Molecular imaging of neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment

(2018) Dunja Knezevic et al.   PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY

Diverse Brain Myeloid Expression Profiles Reveal Distinct Microglial Activation States and Aspects of Alzheimer’s Disease Not Evident in Mouse Models

(2018) Brad A. Friedman et al.   Cell Reports

Immune-related genetic enrichment in frontotemporal dementia: An analysis of genome-wide association studies

(2018) Iris Broce et al.   PLOS MEDICINE

TSPO in diverse CNS pathologies and psychiatric disease: A critical review and a way forward

(2018) Tomás R. Guilarte   PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS

TSPO and amyloid deposits in sub-regions of the hippocampus in the 3xTgAD mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease

(2018) Benjamin B. Tournier et al.   NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE

The TREM2-APOE Pathway Drives the Transcriptional Phenotype of Dysfunctional Microglia in Neurodegenerative Diseases

(2017) Susanne Krasemann et al.   IMMUNITY

Molecular Imaging of Neuroinflammation in Neurodegenerative Dementias: The Role of In Vivo PET Imaging

(2017) Chiara Cerami et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES

Pro-inflammatory activation of primary microglia and macrophages increases 18 kDa translocator protein expression in rodents but not humans

(2017) David R Owen et al.   JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM

Microglia and C9orf72 in neuroinflammation and ALS and frontotemporal dementia

(2017) Deepti Lall et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION

The Low-Affinity Binding of Second Generation Radiotracers Targeting TSPO is Associated with a Unique Allosteric Binding Site

(2017) Camilo Rojas et al.   Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology

11 C-PBR28 and 18 F-PBR111 Detect White Matter Inflammatory Heterogeneity in Multiple Sclerosis

(2017) Gourab Datta et al.   JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE

Evaluation of the Effect of Fingolimod Treatment on Microglial Activation Using Serial PET Imaging in Multiple Sclerosis

(2017) Marcus Sucksdorff et al.   JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE

Neuroinflammation Appears Early on PET Imaging and Then Plateaus in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer Disease

(2017) Francisco R. López-Picón et al.   JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE

Neuroinflammation and ALS: Transcriptomic Insights into Molecular Disease Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets

(2017) Giovanna Morello et al.   MEDIATORS OF INFLAMMATION

Increased Expression of Translocator Protein (TSPO) Marks Pro-inflammatory Microglia but Does Not Predict Neurodegeneration

(2017) Lien Beckers et al.   MOLECULAR IMAGING AND BIOLOGY

Translational evaluation of translocator protein as a marker of neuroinflammation in schizophrenia

(2017) T Notter et al.   MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY

A meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies 17 new Parkinson's disease risk loci

(2017) Diana Chang et al.   NATURE GENETICS

Imaging and fluid biomarkers in frontotemporal dementia

(2017) Lieke H. Meeter et al.   Nature Reviews Neurology

Brain and Peripheral Atypical Inflammatory Mediators Potentiate Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration

(2017) Duraisamy Kempuraj et al.   Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience

Determination and reduction of translocator protein (TSPO) ligand rs6971 discrimination

(2017) Renee Sokias et al.   MedChemComm

A role for TSPO in mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis and redox stress signaling

(2017) Jemma Gatliff et al.   Cell Death & Disease

[18F]GE-180 PET Detects Reduced Microglia Activation After LM11A-31 Therapy in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease

(2017) Michelle L. James et al.   Theranostics

Major Shifts in Glial Regional Identity Are a Transcriptional Hallmark of Human Brain Aging

(2017) Lilach Soreq et al.   Cell Reports

The Dual Role of Microglia in ALS: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches

(2017) Maria Concetta Geloso et al.   Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience

Comparison of four 11C-labeled PET ligands to quantify translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO) in human brain: (R)-PK11195, PBR28, DPA-713, and ER176—based on recent publications that measured specific-to-non-displaceable ratios

(2017) Masahiro Fujita et al.   EJNMMI Research

The macrophage marker translocator protein (TSPO) is down-regulated on pro-inflammatory ‘M1’ human macrophages

(2017) Nehal Narayan et al.   PLoS One

Early and protective microglial activation in Alzheimer’s disease: a prospective study using18F-DPA-714 PET imaging

(2016) Lorraine Hamelin et al.   BRAIN

In vivo PET imaging of the neuroinflammatory response in rat spinal cord injury using the TSPO tracer [18F]GE-180 and effect of docosahexaenoic acid

(2016) J. L. Tremoleda et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING

In vivoimaging of microglial activation by positron emission tomography with [11C]PBR28 in the 5XFAD model of Alzheimer's disease

(2016) Nazanin Mirzaei et al.   GLIA

Neuroinflammation: the devil is in the details

(2016) Damon J. DiSabato et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY

Combined [18F]DPA-714 micro-positron emission tomography and autoradiography imaging of microglia activation after closed head injury in mice

(2016) Ina Israel et al.   Journal of Neuroinflammation

Augmented expression of TSPO after intracerebral hemorrhage: a role in inflammation?

(2016) Frederick Bonsack et al.   Journal of Neuroinflammation

Glial Activation and Glucose Metabolism in a Transgenic Amyloid Mouse Model: A Triple-Tracer PET Study

(2016) M. Brendel et al.   JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE

11 C-ER176, a Radioligand for 18-kDa Translocator Protein, Has Adequate Sensitivity to Robustly Image All Three Affinity Genotypes in Human Brain

(2016) Masamichi Ikawa et al.   JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE

Comparative Evaluation of Three TSPO PET Radiotracers in a LPS-Induced Model of Mild Neuroinflammation in Rats

(2016) Sujata Sridharan et al.   MOLECULAR IMAGING AND BIOLOGY

Inflammatory Response in the CNS: Friend or Foe?

(2016) Marta Sochocka et al.   MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY

11 C-PBR28 binding to translocator protein increases with progression of Alzheimer's disease

(2016) William C. Kreisl et al.   NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING

TSPO Finds NOX2 in Microglia for Redox Homeostasis

(2016) Tomás R. Guilarte et al.   TRENDS IN PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES

Isolation of highly enriched primary human microglia for functional studies

(2016) Justin Rustenhoven et al.   Scientific Reports

Genomics implicates adaptive and innate immunity in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases

(2016) Sarah A. Gagliano et al.   Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology

Crucial Role Reported for TSPO in Viability and Steroidogenesis is a Misconception. Commentary: Conditional Steroidogenic Cell-Targeted Deletion of TSPO Unveils a Crucial Role in Viability and Hormone-Dependent Steroid Formation

(2016) Vimal Selvaraj et al.   Frontiers in Endocrinology

Detection of Neuroinflammation in a Rat Model of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Using [18F]DPA-714 PET Imaging

(2016) Clément Thomas et al.   Molecular Imaging

Alzheimer’s Disease Risk Genes and Mechanisms of Disease Pathogenesis

(2015) Celeste M. Karch et al.   BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY

Backbone and side-chain resonance assignment of the A147T polymorph of mouse TSPO in complex with a high-affinity radioligand

(2015) Mariusz Jaremko et al.   Biomolecular NMR Assignments

Parkinson’s disease dementia: a neural networks perspective

(2015) James Gratwicke et al.   BRAIN

Acute neuroinflammation in a clinically relevant focal cortical ischemic stroke model in rat: longitudinal positron emission tomography and immunofluorescent tracking

(2015) Miklós Tóth et al.   Brain Structure & Function

Structural Integrity of the A147T Polymorph of Mammalian TSPO

(2015) Mariusz Jaremko et al.   CHEMBIOCHEM

The Role of Neuroinflammation in Dementias

(2015) Giuseppe Pasqualetti et al.   Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports

Extended culture of macrophages from different sources and maturation results in a common M2 phenotype

(2015) Lisa M. Chamberlain et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART A

Quantification of [18F]DPA-714 Binding in the Human Brain: Initial Studies in Healthy Controls and Alzheimer'S Disease Patients

(2015) Sandeep SV Golla et al.   JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM

Rodent models of neuroinflammation for Alzheimer’s disease

(2015) Amir Nazem et al.   Journal of Neuroinflammation

In Vivo Detection of Age- and Disease-Related Increases in Neuroinflammation by 18 F-GE180 TSPO MicroPET Imaging in Wild-Type and Alzheimer's Transgenic Mice

(2015) Bin Liu et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE

Cerebellum Can Serve As a Pseudo-Reference Region in Alzheimer Disease to Detect Neuroinflammation Measured with PET Radioligand Binding to Translocator Protein

(2015) C. H. Lyoo et al.   JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE

Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease

(2015) Michael T Heneka et al.   LANCET NEUROLOGY

In-vivo imaging of grey and white matter neuroinflammation in Alzheimer’s disease: a positron emission tomography study with a novel radioligand, [18F]-FEPPA

(2015) I Suridjan et al.   MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY

Increased central microglial activation associated with peripheral cytokine levels in premanifest Huntington's disease gene carriers

(2015) Marios Politis et al.   NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE

Brain inflammation in a chronic epilepsy model: Evolving pattern of the translocator protein during epileptogenesis

(2015) Halima Amhaoul et al.   NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE

Computational modeling and biological validation of novel non-steroidal ligands for the cholesterol recognition/interaction amino acid consensus (CRAC) motif of the mitochondrial translocator protein (TSPO)

(2015) Andrew S. Midzak et al.   PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH

Imaging robust microglial activation after lipopolysaccharide administration in humans with PET

(2015) Christine M. Sandiego et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Conditional steroidogenic cell-targeted deletion of TSPO unveils a crucial role in viability and hormone-dependent steroid formation

(2015) Jinjiang Fan et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Crystal structures of translocator protein (TSPO) and mutant mimic of a human polymorphism

(2015) F. Li et al.   SCIENCE

Microglial cell dysregulation in brain aging and neurodegeneration

(2015) Rommy von Bernhardi et al.   Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience

Increased in vivo glial activation in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Assessed with [11C]-PBR28

(2015) Nicole R. Zürcher et al.   NeuroImage-Clinical

Synthesis and Evaluation of Translocator 18 kDa Protein (TSPO) Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Radioligands with Low Binding Sensitivity to Human Single Nucleotide Polymorphism rs6971

(2014) Paolo Zanotti-Fregonara et al.   ACS Chemical Neuroscience

TSPO interacts with VDAC1 and triggers a ROS-mediated inhibition of mitochondrial quality control

(2014) Jemma Gatliff et al.   Autophagy

18F-GE-180: a novel TSPO radiotracer compared to 11C-R-PK11195 in a preclinical model of stroke

(2014) Hervé Boutin et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING

Positron emission tomography imaging of the 18-kDa translocator protein (TSPO) with [18F]FEMPA in Alzheimer’s disease patients and control subjects

(2014) Andrea Varrone et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING

Neuroimmune regulation of microglial activity involved in neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative diseases

(2014) Hugo González et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROIMMUNOLOGY

Biomarkers in dementia: clinical utility and new directions

(2014) R M Ahmed et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY

In Vivo Assessment of Brain White Matter Inflammation in Multiple Sclerosis with 18F-PBR111 PET

(2014) A. Colasanti et al.   JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE

Frontotemporal dementia and its subtypes: a genome-wide association study

(2014) Raffaele Ferrari et al.   LANCET NEUROLOGY

Positron emission tomography and functional characterization of a complete PBR/TSPO knockout

(2014) Richard B. Banati et al.   Nature Communications

In vivo radioligand binding to translocator protein correlates with severity of Alzheimer’s disease

(2013) William C. Kreisl et al.   BRAIN

A TSPO ligand is protective in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis

(2013) Daniel J. Daugherty et al.   EMBO Molecular Medicine

In vivo imaging of the 18-kDa translocator protein (TSPO) with [18F]FEDAA1106 and PET does not show increased binding in Alzheimer’s disease patients

(2013) Andrea Varrone et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING

A genome-wide association meta-analysis identifies a novel locus at 17q11.2 associated with sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

(2013) I. Fogh et al.   HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS

Influence of TSPO Genotype on 11C-PBR28 Standardized Uptake Values

(2013) K. K. Yoder et al.   JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE

Quantification of the Specific Translocator Protein Signal of 18F-PBR111 in Healthy Humans: A Genetic Polymorphism Effect on In Vivo Binding

(2013) Q. Guo et al.   JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE

Cytokines and Chemokines at the Crossroads of Neuroinflammation, Neurodegeneration, and Neuropathic Pain

(2013) Geeta Ramesh et al.   MEDIATORS OF INFLAMMATION

Molecular Imaging of Microglial Activation in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

(2013) Philippe Corcia et al.   PLoS One

Inflammation and Adaptive Immunity in Parkinson's Disease

(2013) R. L. Mosley et al.   Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine

PET imaging of brain inflammation during early epileptogenesis in a rat model of temporal lobe epilepsy

(2013) Stefanie Dedeurwaerdere et al.   EJNMMI Research

In vivo TSPO imaging in patients with multiple sclerosis: a brain PET study with [18F]FEDAA1106

(2013) Akihiro Takano et al.   EJNMMI Research

Microglia and mast cells: two tracks on the road to neuroinflammation

(2012) Stephen D. Skaper et al.   FASEB JOURNAL

Translocator Protein (18 kDa) Polymorphism (rs6971) Explains in-vivo Brain Binding Affinity of the PET Radioligand [18F]-FEPPA

(2012) Romina Mizrahi et al.   JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM

A comparative review of cell culture systems for the study of microglial biology in Alzheimer’s disease

(2012) Branden Stansley et al.   Journal of Neuroinflammation

Imaging Microglial/Macrophage Activation in Spinal Cords of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Rats by Positron Emission Tomography Using the Mitochondrial 18 kDa Translocator Protein Radioligand [18F]DPA-714

(2012) G. Abourbeh et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE

Reactive Astrocytes Overexpress TSPO and Are Detected by TSPO Positron Emission Tomography Imaging

(2012) S. Lavisse et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE

Evolution of microglial activation in ischaemic core and peri-infarct regions after stroke: A PET study with the TSPO molecular imaging biomarker [11C]vinpocetine

(2012) Balázs Gulyás et al.   JOURNAL OF THE NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES

Identification of a Dynamic Mitochondrial Protein Complex Driving Cholesterol Import, Trafficking, and Metabolism to Steroid Hormones

(2012) Malena B. Rone et al.   MOLECULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY

Increased binding of peripheral benzodiazepine receptor in mild cognitive impairment–dementia converters measured by positron emission tomography with [11C]DAA1106

(2012) Fumihiko Yasuno et al.   PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH-NEUROIMAGING

Imaging of microglia in patients with neurodegenerative disorders

(2012) Marios Politis   Frontiers in Pharmacology

An 18-kDa Translocator Protein (TSPO) Polymorphism Explains Differences in Binding Affinity of the PET Radioligand PBR28

(2011) David R Owen et al.   JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM

Epidemiology of Alzheimer disease

(2011) Christiane Reitz et al.   Nature Reviews Neurology

Age and disease related changes in the translocator protein (TSPO) system in the human brain: Positron emission tomography measurements with [11C]vinpocetine

(2011) Balázs Gulyás et al.   NEUROIMAGE

Physiology of Microglia

(2011) Helmut Kettenmann et al.   PHYSIOLOGICAL REVIEWS

Mechanisms Underlying Inflammation in Neurodegeneration

(2010) Christopher K. Glass et al.   CELL

Inflammation in neurodegenerative diseases

(2010) Sandra Amor et al.   IMMUNOLOGY

Two Binding Sites for [3H]PBR28 in Human Brain: Implications for TSPO PET Imaging of Neuroinflammation

(2010) David R Owen et al.   JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM

Mixed-Affinity Binding in Humans with 18-kDa Translocator Protein Ligands

(2010) D. R. J. Owen et al.   JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE

Variation in binding affinity of the novel anxiolytic XBD173 for the 18 kDa translocator protein in human brain

(2010) David R.J. Owen et al.   SYNAPSE

Defining “Neuroinflammation”

(2009) James P. O'Callaghan et al.   Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

Peripheral Cytokines and Chemokines in Alzheimer’s Disease

(2009) Kang Soo Lee et al.   DEMENTIA AND GERIATRIC COGNITIVE DISORDERS

Evaluation of the PBR/TSPO Radioligand [18F]DPA-714 in a Rat Model of Focal Cerebral Ischemia

(2009) Abraham Martín et al.   JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM

Comparative Evaluation of the Translocator Protein Radioligands 11C-DPA-713, 18F-DPA-714, and 11C-PK11195 in a Rat Model of Acute Neuroinflammation

(2009) F. Chauveau et al.   JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE

Microglial activation and amyloid deposition in mild cognitive impairment: A PET study

(2009) A. Okello et al.   NEUROLOGY

Translocator protein (TSPO 18kDa) is expressed by neural stem and neuronal precursor cells

(2009) Balázs Varga et al.   NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS

Evaluation of CLINDE as potent translocator protein (18 kDa) SPECT radiotracer reflecting the degree of neuroinflammation in a rat model of microglial activation

(2008) Nicolas Arlicot et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING

Nuclear imaging of neuroinflammation: a comprehensive review of [11C]PK11195 challengers

(2008) Fabien Chauveau et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING

Intrathecal levels of IL-6, IL-11 and LIF in Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal lobar degeneration

(2008) D. Galimberti et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY

The Blood-Brain Barrier in Health and Chronic Neurodegenerative Disorders

(2008) Berislav V. Zlokovic   NEURON

Expression of the translocator protein of 18 kDa by microglia, macrophages and astrocytes based on immunohistochemical localization in abnormal human brain

(2008) M. Cosenza-Nashat et al.   NEUROPATHOLOGY AND APPLIED NEUROBIOLOGY