Galectin-9, a Player in Cytokine Release Syndrome and a Surrogate Diagnostic Biomarker in SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Intracellular Galectin-9 Enhances Proximal TCR Signaling and Potentiates Autoimmune Diseases

(2020) Heng-Yi Chen et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China

(2020) Chaolin Huang et al.   LANCET

Galectin-9 and VISTA Expression Define Terminally Exhausted T Cells in HIV-1 Infection

(2020) Shima Shahbaz et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study

(2020) Fei Zhou et al.   LANCET

Extracellular HMGB1: a therapeutic target in severe pulmonary inflammation including COVID-19?

(2020) Ulf Andersson et al.   MOLECULAR MEDICINE

Reduced monocytic HLA-DR expression indicates immunosuppression in critically ill COVID-19 patients

(2020) Thibaud Spinetti et al.   ANESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA

Elevated calprotectin and abnormal myeloid cell subsets discriminate severe from mild COVID-19

(2020) Aymeric Silvin et al.   CELL

The possible pathophysiology mechanism of cytokine storm in elderly adults with COVID-19 infection: the contribution of “inflame-aging”

(2020) Gholam Hossein Meftahi et al.   INFLAMMATION RESEARCH

Cytokine storm syndrome in coronavirus disease 2019: A narrative review

(2020) Y.‐M. Gao et al.   JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE

Comment on Hu et al: The cytokine storm and COVID‐19

(2020) Fahad Faqihi et al.   JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY

Circulating endothelial progenitors are increased in Covid‐19 patients and correlate with SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA in severe cases

(2020) Patrizia Mancuso et al.   JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS

Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) and Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs): Two Potential Targets for COVID-19 Treatment

(2020) Sebastiano Cicco et al.   MEDIATORS OF INFLAMMATION

Longitudinal analyses reveal immunological misfiring in severe COVID-19

(2020) Carolina Lucas et al.   NATURE

Deep immune profiling of COVID-19 patients reveals distinct immunotypes with therapeutic implications

(2020) Divij Mathew et al.   SCIENCE

Marked T cell activation, senescence, exhaustion and skewing towards TH17 in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia

(2020) Sara De Biasi et al.   Nature Communications

Selective Upregulation of CTLA-4 on CD8+ T Cells Restricted by HLA-B*35Px Renders them to an Exhausted Phenotype in HIV-1 infection

(2020) Shokrollah Elahi et al.   PLoS Pathogens

Possible role of plasma Galectin-9 levels as a surrogate marker of viremia in HIV infected patients on antiretroviral therapy in resource-limited settings

(2020) Ashwini Shete et al.   AIDS Research and Therapy

Is a “Cytokine Storm” Relevant to COVID-19?

(2020) Pratik Sinha et al.   JAMA Internal Medicine

COVID-19-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome: is a different approach to management warranted?

(2020) Eddy Fan et al.   Lancet Respiratory Medicine

A potential role for Galectin-3 inhibitors in the treatment of COVID-19

(2020) John L. Caniglia et al.   PeerJ

Cytokine Storm in COVID-19—Immunopathological Mechanisms, Clinical Considerations, and Therapeutic Approaches: The REPROGRAM Consortium Position Paper

(2020) Sonu Bhaskar et al.   Frontiers in Immunology

The COVID-19 Cytokine Storm; What We Know So Far

(2020) Dina Ragab et al.   Frontiers in Immunology

Biological Mechanisms of COVID-19 ARDS

(2020) Michael A. Matthay et al.   AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE

COVID-19 severity associates with pulmonary redistribution of CD1c+ DCs and inflammatory transitional and nonclassical monocytes

(2020) Ildefonso Sánchez-Cerrillo et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION

Distinct and early increase in circulating MMP-9 in COVID-19 patients with respiratory failure

(2020) T Ueland et al.   JOURNAL OF INFECTION

An inflammatory cytokine signature predicts COVID-19 severity and survival

(2020) Diane Marie Del Valle et al.   NATURE MEDICINE

False-positive COVID-19 results: hidden problems and costs

(2020) Elena Surkova et al.   Lancet Respiratory Medicine

Cytokine elevation in severe and critical COVID-19: a rapid systematic review, meta-analysis, and comparison with other inflammatory syndromes

(2020) Daniel E Leisman et al.   Lancet Respiratory Medicine

Cytokine Storm in COVID-19: “When You Come Out of the Storm, You Won’t Be the Same Person Who Walked in”

(2020) Vanessa Castelli et al.   Frontiers in Immunology

Targeting the CD146/Galectin-9 axis protects the integrity of the blood–brain barrier in experimental cerebral malaria

(2020) Hongxia Duan et al.   Cellular & Molecular Immunology

Galectin-9 expression defines exhausted T cells and impaired cytotoxic NK cells in patients with virus-associated solid tumors

(2020) Isobel Okoye et al.   Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer

The Role of Galectins in Virus Infection - A Systemic Literature Review

(2019) Wen-Hung Wang et al.   JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION

Restriction of Human Cytomegalovirus Infection by Galectin-9

(2018) Emily A. Machala et al.   JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY

Secretion of Galectin-9 as a DAMP during Dengue Virus Infection in THP-1 Cells

(2017) Isolde Dapat et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES

Human leucocyte antigen (HLA-DR) gene expression is reduced in sepsis and correlates with impaired TNFα response: A diagnostic tool for immunosuppression?

(2017) Martin Sebastian Winkler et al.   PLoS One

Galectins and Immune Responses—Just How Do They Do Those Things They Do?

(2016) Sandra Thiemann et al.   Annual Review of Immunology

The bitter side of sweet: the role of Galectin-9 in immunopathogenesis of viral infections

(2015) Shahzma Merani et al.   REVIEWS IN MEDICAL VIROLOGY

Galectin-9-CD44 Interaction Enhances Stability and Function of Adaptive Regulatory T Cells

(2014) Chuan Wu et al.   IMMUNITY

Screening tests: a review with examples

(2014) L. Daniel Maxim et al.   INHALATION TOXICOLOGY

Galectin-9 controls the therapeutic activity of 4-1BB–targeting antibodies

(2014) Shravan Madireddi et al.   JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE

Galectin-9 Enhances Cytokine Secretion, but Suppresses Survival and Degranulation, in Human Mast Cell Line

(2014) Reiji Kojima et al.   PLoS One

Overexpression of Galectin-9 in Islets Prolongs Grafts Survival via Downregulation of Th1 Responses

(2013) Feng-Cheng Chou et al.   CELL TRANSPLANTATION

Galectin-9 plasma levels reflect adverse hematological and immunological features in acute dengue virus infection

(2013) Haorile Chagan-Yasutan et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY

Galectin-9 binding to Tim-3 renders activated human CD4+ T cells less susceptible to HIV-1 infection

(2012) S. Elahi et al.   BLOOD

Association of HLA-alleles with the immune regulation of chronic viral infections

(2012) Shokrollah Elahi et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY & CELL BIOLOGY

The Glycan-Binding Protein Galectin-9 Has Direct Apoptotic Activity toward Melanoma Cells

(2012) Valerie R. Wiersma et al.   JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY

Therapeutic potential of Galectin-9 in human disease

(2011) Valerie R. Wiersma et al.   MEDICINAL RESEARCH REVIEWS

Protective HIV-specific CD8+ T cells evade Treg cell suppression

(2011) Shokrollah Elahi et al.   NATURE MEDICINE

Galectin-9 binding to cell surface protein disulfide isomerase regulates the redox environment to enhance T-cell migration and HIV entry

(2011) S. Bi et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Point-of-care testing in critical care: the clinician's point of view

(2010) Ivo Casagranda   CLINICAL CHEMISTRY AND LABORATORY MEDICINE

Galectins in innate immunity: dual functions of host soluble β-galactoside-binding lectins as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and as receptors for pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)

(2009) Sachiko Sato et al.   IMMUNOLOGICAL REVIEWS

Galectin-9 expands unique macrophages exhibiting plasmacytoid dendritic cell-like phenotypes that activate NK cells in tumor-bearing mice

(2008) Atsuya Nobumoto et al.   CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY