How microbiota shape microglial phenotypes and epigenetics

Single-cell profiling identifies myeloid cell subsets with distinct fates during neuroinflammation

(2019) Marta Joana Costa Jordão et al.   SCIENCE

Spatial and temporal heterogeneity of mouse and human microglia at single-cell resolution

(2019) Takahiro Masuda et al.   NATURE

A new genomic blueprint of the human gut microbiota

(2019) Alexandre Almeida et al.   NATURE

Sex Differences in Alzheimer’s Disease: Understanding the Molecular Impact

(2019) Carlos A. Toro et al.   BRAIN RESEARCH

Sex-specific effects of microbiome perturbations on cerebral Aβ amyloidosis and microglia phenotypes

(2019) Hemraj B. Dodiya et al.   JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE

A single-cell atlas of mouse brain macrophages reveals unique transcriptional identities shaped by ontogeny and tissue environment

(2019) Hannah Van Hove et al.   NATURE NEUROSCIENCE

The role of short-chain fatty acids in microbiota–gut–brain communication

(2019) Boushra Dalile et al.   Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology

CSF-1 controls cerebellar microglia and is required for motor function and social interaction

(2019) Veronika Kana et al.   JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE

Potential roles of gut microbiome and metabolites in modulating ALS in mice

(2019) Eran Blacher et al.   NATURE

Language, numeracy and logic in microbiome science

(2019) Fergus Shanahan et al.   Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Macrophages at CNS interfaces: ontogeny and function in health and disease

(2019) Katrin Kierdorf et al.   NATURE REVIEWS NEUROSCIENCE

Manipulation of microbiota reveals altered callosal myelination and white matter plasticity in a model of Huntington disease

(2019) Carola I. Radulescu et al.   NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE

The gut-brain axis: microglia in the spotlight

(2019) Charlotte Mezö et al.   Neuroforum

Transfer of a healthy microbiota reduces amyloid and tau pathology in an Alzheimer’s disease animal model

(2019) Min-Soo Kim et al.   GUT

The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis

(2019) John F. Cryan et al.   PHYSIOLOGICAL REVIEWS

FETR-ALS Study Protocol: A Randomized Clinical Trial of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

(2019) Jessica Mandrioli et al.   Frontiers in Neurology

Microglia Biology: One Century of Evolving Concepts

(2019) Marco Prinz et al.   CELL

Bacterial peptidoglycans as novel signaling molecules from microbiota to brain

(2019) Giorgia Tosoni et al.   CURRENT OPINION IN PHARMACOLOGY

Pathology of inflammatory diseases of the nervous system: Human disease versus animal models

(2019) Hans Lassmann   GLIA

The microbiota regulate neuronal function and fear extinction learning

(2019) Coco Chu et al.   NATURE

The microbiota regulates murine inflammatory responses to toxin-induced CNS demyelination but has minimal impact on remyelination

(2019) Christopher E. McMurran et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Neurogenesis and prolongevity signaling in young germ-free mice transplanted with the gut microbiota of old mice

(2019) Parag Kundu et al.   Science Translational Medicine

Cien Años de Microglía: Milestones in a Century of Microglial Research

(2019) Amanda Sierra et al.   TRENDS IN NEUROSCIENCES

Cross-Species Single-Cell Analysis Reveals Divergence of the Primate Microglia Program

(2019) Laufey Geirsdottir et al.   CELL

The microbiota influences cell death and microglial colonization in the perinatal mouse brain

(2018) Alexandra Castillo-Ruiz et al.   BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY

Neuroprotective effects of fecal microbiota transplantation on MPTP-induced Parkinson’s disease mice: Gut microbiota, glial reaction and TLR4/TNF-α signaling pathway

(2018) Meng-Fei Sun et al.   BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY

Microbiome Influences Prenatal and Adult Microglia in a Sex-Specific Manner

(2018) Morgane Sonia Thion et al.   CELL

Histone Deacetylases 1 and 2 Regulate Microglia Function during Development, Homeostasis, and Neurodegeneration in a Context-Dependent Manner

(2018) Moumita Datta et al.   IMMUNITY

Microglial control of astrocytes in response to microbial metabolites

(2018) Veit Rothhammer et al.   NATURE

Repopulated microglia are solely derived from the proliferation of residual microglia after acute depletion

(2018) Yubin Huang et al.   NATURE NEUROSCIENCE

Epigenetic regulation of brain region-specific microglia clearance activity

(2018) Pinar Ayata et al.   NATURE NEUROSCIENCE

The fecal microbiome of ALS patients

(2018) David Brenner et al.   NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING

Astrocyte-derived interleukin-33 promotes microglial synapse engulfment and neural circuit development

(2018) Ilia D. Vainchtein et al.   SCIENCE

Embryonic Microglia Derive from Primitive Macrophages and Are Replaced by cmyb -Dependent Definitive Microglia in Zebrafish

(2018) Giuliano Ferrero et al.   Cell Reports

Silencing of TGFβ signalling in microglia results in impaired homeostasis

(2018) Tanja Zöller et al.   Nature Communications

The Kaleidoscope of Microglial Phenotypes

(2018) Marissa L. Dubbelaar et al.   Frontiers in Immunology

Single-Cell RNA Sequencing of Microglia throughout the Mouse Lifespan and in the Injured Brain Reveals Complex Cell-State Changes

(2018) Timothy R. Hammond et al.   IMMUNITY

Microbiome–microglia connections via the gut–brain axis

(2018) Reem Abdel-Haq et al.   JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE

Human microglia regional heterogeneity and phenotypes determined by multiplexed single-cell mass cytometry

(2018) Chotima Böttcher et al.   NATURE NEUROSCIENCE

Alzheimer’s Disease-Associated β-Amyloid Is Rapidly Seeded by Herpesviridae to Protect against Brain Infection

(2018) William A. Eimer et al.   NEURON

Transcriptional and Epigenetic Regulation of Microglia in Health and Disease

(2018) Hana Yeh et al.   TRENDS IN MOLECULAR MEDICINE

Mouse Microbiota Models: Comparing Germ-Free Mice and Antibiotics Treatment as Tools for Modifying Gut Bacteria

(2018) Elizabeth A. Kennedy et al.   Frontiers in Physiology

Gut microbiota functions: metabolism of nutrients and other food components

(2017) Ian Rowland et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION

Probiotic Bifidobacterium longum NCC3001 Reduces Depression Scores and Alters Brain Activity: A Pilot Study in Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome

(2017) Maria Ines Pinto-Sanchez et al.   GASTROENTEROLOGY

The TREM2-APOE Pathway Drives the Transcriptional Phenotype of Dysfunctional Microglia in Neurodegenerative Diseases

(2017) Susanne Krasemann et al.   IMMUNITY

Altered Gut Microbiome Composition and Tryptic Activity of the 5xFAD Alzheimer’s Mouse Model

(2017) Carolin Brandscheid et al.   JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE

Prion disease pathogenesis in the absence of the commensal microbiota

(2017) Barry M. Bradford et al.   JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY

Microbiology: Gut microbes augment neurodegeneration

(2017) Daniel Erny et al.   NATURE

The role of peripheral immune cells in the CNS in steady state and disease

(2017) Marco Prinz et al.   NATURE NEUROSCIENCE

A new fate mapping system reveals context-dependent random or clonal expansion of microglia

(2017) Tuan Leng Tay et al.   NATURE NEUROSCIENCE

Vagotomy and Parkinson disease

(2017) Bojing Liu et al.   NEUROLOGY

Local Cues Establish and Maintain Region-Specific Phenotypes of Basal Ganglia Microglia

(2017) Lindsay M. De Biase et al.   NEURON

Regulation of Microglia Identity from an Epigenetic and Transcriptomic Point of View

(2017) Bart J.L. Eggen et al.   NEUROSCIENCE

Gut microbiota from multiple sclerosis patients enables spontaneous autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mice

(2017) Kerstin Berer et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Coupled Proliferation and Apoptosis Maintain the Rapid Turnover of Microglia in the Adult Brain

(2017) Katharine Askew et al.   Cell Reports

The Dual Role of Microglia in ALS: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches

(2017) Maria Concetta Geloso et al.   Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience

Reduction of Abeta amyloid pathology in APPPS1 transgenic mice in the absence of gut microbiota

(2017) T. Harach et al.   Scientific Reports

Lipopolysaccharide enters the rat brain by a lipoprotein-mediated transport mechanism in physiological conditions

(2017) Alejandra Vargas-Caraveo et al.   Scientific Reports

Gut microbiome alterations in Alzheimer’s disease

(2017) Nicholas M. Vogt et al.   Scientific Reports

Absence of gut microbiota influences lipopolysaccharide-induced behavioral changes in mice

(2016) Alline C. Campos et al.   BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH

Antibiotics impair murine hematopoiesis by depleting the intestinal microbiota

(2016) Kamilla S. Josefsdottir et al.   BLOOD

Cognitive impairment by antibiotic-induced gut dysbiosis: Analysis of gut microbiota-brain communication

(2016) Esther E. Fröhlich et al.   BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY

Are We Really Vastly Outnumbered? Revisiting the Ratio of Bacterial to Host Cells in Humans

(2016) Ron Sender et al.   CELL

Gut Microbiota Regulate Motor Deficits and Neuroinflammation in a Model of Parkinson’s Disease

(2016) Timothy R. Sampson et al.   CELL

The Central Nervous System and the Gut Microbiome

(2016) Gil Sharon et al.   CELL

Adult microbiota-deficient mice have distinct dendritic morphological changes: differential effects in the amygdala and hippocampus

(2016) Pauline Luczynski et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE

The “Big-Bang” for modern glial biology: Translation and comments on Pío del Río-Hortega 1919 series of papers on microglia

(2016) Amanda Sierra et al.   GLIA

Communicating systems in the body: how microbiota and microglia cooperate

(2016) Daniel Erny et al.   IMMUNOLOGY

HDAC Inhibitor Sodium Butyrate-Mediated Epigenetic Regulation Enhances Neuroprotective Function of Microglia During Ischemic Stroke

(2016) Radhika Patnala et al.   MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY

Acetate mediates a microbiome–brain–β-cell axis to promote metabolic syndrome

(2016) Rachel J. Perry et al.   NATURE

The role of the local environment and epigenetics in shaping macrophage identity and their effect on tissue homeostasis

(2016) Ido Amit et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

Origin, fate and dynamics of macrophages at central nervous system interfaces

(2016) Tobias Goldmann et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

Type I interferons and microbial metabolites of tryptophan modulate astrocyte activity and central nervous system inflammation via the aryl hydrocarbon receptor

(2016) Veit Rothhammer et al.   NATURE MEDICINE

Age-related myelin degradation burdens the clearance function of microglia during aging

(2016) Shima Safaiyan et al.   NATURE NEUROSCIENCE

Microglial brain region−dependent diversity and selective regional sensitivities to aging

(2016) Kathleen Grabert et al.   NATURE NEUROSCIENCE

Probiotic supplementation can positively affect anxiety and depressive symptoms: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials

(2016) Meysam Pirbaglou et al.   NUTRITION RESEARCH

Short chain fatty acids and gut microbiota differ between patients with Parkinson's disease and age-matched controls

(2016) Marcus M. Unger et al.   PARKINSONISM & RELATED DISORDERS

The maternal microbiota drives early postnatal innate immune development

(2016) M. Gomez de Aguero et al.   SCIENCE

Microglia development follows a stepwise program to regulate brain homeostasis

(2016) O. Matcovitch-Natan et al.   SCIENCE

Emerging Roles for CSF-1 Receptor and its Ligands in the Nervous System

(2016) Violeta Chitu et al.   TRENDS IN NEUROSCIENCES

Alterations of the human gut microbiome in multiple sclerosis

(2016) Sushrut Jangi et al.   Nature Communications

Ly6Chi Monocytes Provide a Link between Antibiotic-Induced Changes in Gut Microbiota and Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis

(2016) Luisa Möhle et al.   Cell Reports

Regulation of prefrontal cortex myelination by the microbiota

(2016) A E Hoban et al.   Translational Psychiatry

Antibiotic-induced perturbations in gut microbial diversity influences neuro-inflammation and amyloidosis in a murine model of Alzheimer’s disease

(2016) Myles R. Minter et al.   Scientific Reports

Vagotomy and subsequent risk of Parkinson's disease

(2015) Elisabeth Svensson et al.   ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY

Macrophages: Development and Tissue Specialization

(2015) Chen Varol et al.   Annual Review of Immunology

Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis Is Regulated by the Microbiome

(2015) Ebere S. Ogbonnaya et al.   BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY

Indigenous Bacteria from the Gut Microbiota Regulate Host Serotonin Biosynthesis

(2015) Jessica M. Yano et al.   CELL

Temporal-Spatial Resolution Fate Mapping Reveals Distinct Origins for Embryonic and Adult Microglia in Zebrafish

(2015) Jin Xu et al.   DEVELOPMENTAL CELL

Dietary Fatty Acids Directly Impact Central Nervous System Autoimmunity via the Small Intestine

(2015) Aiden Haghikia et al.   IMMUNITY

Use of Germ-Free Animal Models in Microbiota-Related Research

(2015) Maha Al-Asmakh et al.   JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY

Microglial numbers attain adult levels after undergoing a rapid decrease in cell number in the third postnatal week

(2015) Maria Nikodemova et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROIMMUNOLOGY

A Distinct Population of Microglia Supports Adult Neurogenesis in the Subventricular Zone

(2015) A. L. Ribeiro Xavier et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE

Colonic bacterial composition in Parkinson's disease

(2015) Ali Keshavarzian et al.   MOVEMENT DISORDERS

Neutrophil ageing is regulated by the microbiome

(2015) Dachuan Zhang et al.   NATURE

Host microbiota constantly control maturation and function of microglia in the CNS

(2015) Daniel Erny et al.   NATURE NEUROSCIENCE

Diversity of astrocyte functions and phenotypes in neural circuits

(2015) Baljit S Khakh et al.   NATURE NEUROSCIENCE

Microbiota and neuroimmune signalling—Metchnikoff to microglia

(2015) John F. Cryan et al.   Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Cell types in the mouse cortex and hippocampus revealed by single-cell RNA-seq

(2015) A. Zeisel et al.   SCIENCE

The molecular, cellular, and morphological components of blood–brain barrier development during embryogenesis

(2015) Nellwyn Hagan et al.   SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY

Direct evidence of Parkinson pathology spread from the gastrointestinal tract to the brain in rats

(2014) Staffan Holmqvist et al.   ACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA

Tissue-Resident Macrophage Enhancer Landscapes Are Shaped by the Local Microenvironment

(2014) Yonit Lavin et al.   CELL

Environment Drives Selection and Function of Enhancers Controlling Tissue-Specific Macrophage Identities

(2014) David Gosselin et al.   CELL

Microbiota-Generated Metabolites Promote Metabolic Benefits via Gut-Brain Neural Circuits

(2014) Filipe De Vadder et al.   CELL

Gut Microbiota Promote Hematopoiesis to Control Bacterial Infection

(2014) Arya Khosravi et al.   Cell Host & Microbe

The glia/neuron ratio: How it varies uniformly across brain structures and species and what that means for brain physiology and evolution

(2014) Suzana Herculano-Houzel   GLIA

Early and Persistent Expression of Phosphorylated α-Synuclein in the Enteric Nervous System of A53T Mutant Human α-Synuclein Transgenic Mice

(2014) Anna Bencsik et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROPATHOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY

Gut microbiota are related to Parkinson's disease and clinical phenotype

(2014) Filip Scheperjans et al.   MOVEMENT DISORDERS

Tissue-resident macrophages originate from yolk-sac-derived erythro-myeloid progenitors

(2014) Elisa Gomez Perdiguero et al.   NATURE

The microbiota regulates neutrophil homeostasis and host resistance to Escherichia coli K1 sepsis in neonatal mice

(2014) Hitesh S Deshmukh et al.   NATURE MEDICINE

Microglia and brain macrophages in the molecular age: from origin to neuropsychiatric disease

(2014) Marco Prinz et al.   NATURE REVIEWS NEUROSCIENCE

Colony-Stimulating Factor 1 Receptor Signaling Is Necessary for Microglia Viability, Unmasking a Microglia Progenitor Cell in the Adult Brain

(2014) Monica R.P. Elmore et al.   NEURON

The gut microbiota influences blood-brain barrier permeability in mice

(2014) V. Braniste et al.   Science Translational Medicine

Microbial Sensing by Toll-Like Receptors and Intracellular Nucleic Acid Sensors

(2014) Surya Pandey et al.   Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology

The short-chain fatty acid acetate reduces appetite via a central homeostatic mechanism

(2014) Gary Frost et al.   Nature Communications

Microglia Promote Learning-Dependent Synapse Formation through Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor

(2013) Christopher N. Parkhurst et al.   CELL

GPR41/FFAR3 and GPR43/FFAR2 as Cosensors for Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Enteroendocrine Cells vs FFAR3 in Enteric Neurons and FFAR2 in Enteric Leukocytes

(2013) Mark K. Nøhr et al.   ENDOCRINOLOGY

Microbial genes, brain & behaviour - epigenetic regulation of the gut-brain axis

(2013) R. M. Stilling et al.   GENES BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR

Microglia emerge from erythromyeloid precursors via Pu.1- and Irf8-dependent pathways

(2013) Katrin Kierdorf et al.   NATURE NEUROSCIENCE

Identification of a unique TGF-β–dependent molecular and functional signature in microglia

(2013) Oleg Butovsky et al.   NATURE NEUROSCIENCE

The microglial sensome revealed by direct RNA sequencing

(2013) Suzanne E Hickman et al.   NATURE NEUROSCIENCE

The Microbial Metabolites, Short-Chain Fatty Acids, Regulate Colonic Treg Cell Homeostasis

(2013) P. M. Smith et al.   SCIENCE

The Impact of the Gut Microbiota on Human Health: An Integrative View

(2012) Jose C. Clemente et al.   CELL

Innate immunity in the central nervous system

(2012) Richard M. Ransohoff et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION

IL-34 is a tissue-restricted ligand of CSF1R required for the development of Langerhans cells and microglia

(2012) Yaming Wang et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

Gene-expression profiles and transcriptional regulatory pathways that underlie the identity and diversity of mouse tissue macrophages

(2012) Emmanuel L Gautier et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

Microglia Sculpt Postnatal Neural Circuits in an Activity and Complement-Dependent Manner

(2012) Dorothy P. Schafer et al.   NEURON

A Lineage of Myeloid Cells Independent of Myb and Hematopoietic Stem Cells

(2012) C. Schulz et al.   SCIENCE

Short chain fatty acids and their receptors: new metabolic targets

(2012) Brian T. Layden et al.   Translational Research

Microglia: actively surveying and shaping neuronal circuit structure and function

(2012) Hiroaki Wake et al.   TRENDS IN NEUROSCIENCES

Requirement of adult-born neurons for hippocampus-dependent learning

(2011) Antonia Marín-Burgin et al.   BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH

The Intestinal Microbiota Affect Central Levels of Brain-Derived Neurotropic Factor and Behavior in Mice

(2011) Premysl Bercik et al.   GASTROENTEROLOGY

Selective transfer of exosomes from oligodendrocytes to microglia by macropinocytosis

(2011) D. Fitzner et al.   JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE

Commensal microbiota and myelin autoantigen cooperate to trigger autoimmune demyelination

(2011) Kerstin Berer et al.   NATURE

Mutations in the colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) gene cause hereditary diffuse leukoencephalopathy with spheroids

(2011) Rosa Rademakers et al.   NATURE GENETICS

Physiology of Microglia

(2011) Helmut Kettenmann et al.   PHYSIOLOGICAL REVIEWS

Ingestion of Lactobacillus strain regulates emotional behavior and central GABA receptor expression in a mouse via the vagus nerve

(2011) J. A. Bravo et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Normal gut microbiota modulates brain development and behavior

(2011) R. D. Heijtz et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Synaptic Pruning by Microglia Is Necessary for Normal Brain Development

(2011) R. C. Paolicelli et al.   SCIENCE

Pericytes are required for blood–brain barrier integrity during embryogenesis

(2010) Richard Daneman et al.   NATURE

Reduced anxiety-like behavior and central neurochemical change in germ-free mice

(2010) K. M. Neufeld et al.   NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY

Fate Mapping Analysis Reveals That Adult Microglia Derive from Primitive Macrophages

(2010) F. Ginhoux et al.   SCIENCE

Like Will to Like: Abundances of Closely Related Species Can Predict Susceptibility to Intestinal Colonization by Pathogenic and Commensal Bacteria

(2010) Bärbel Stecher et al.   PLoS Pathogens

Minimal penetration of lipopolysaccharide across the murine blood–brain barrier

(2009) William A. Banks et al.   BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY

Regulation of inflammatory responses by gut microbiota and chemoattractant receptor GPR43

(2009) Kendle M. Maslowski et al.   NATURE

Principles and clinical implications of the brain–gut–enteric microbiota axis

(2009) Sang H. Rhee et al.   Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Region-specific expression of immunoregulatory proteins on microglia in the healthy CNS

(2008) Alexander H. de Haas et al.   GLIA