The Gut–Brain Axis and Its Relation to Parkinson’s Disease: A Review

The impact of dextran sodium sulphate and probiotic pre-treatment in a murine model of Parkinson’s disease

(2021) Zach Dwyer et al.   Journal of Neuroinflammation

Multi-strain probiotics (Hexbio) containing MCP BCMC strains improved constipation and gut motility in Parkinson’s disease: A randomised controlled trial

(2021) Azliza Ibrahim et al.   PLoS One

Multimodal phenotypic axes of Parkinson’s disease

(2021) Ross D. Markello et al.   npj Parkinsons Disease

The Role of Gut Bacterial Metabolites in Brain Development, Aging and Disease

(2021) Shirley Mei-Sin Tran et al.   Nutrients

Meta-analysis of the Parkinson’s disease gut microbiome suggests alterations linked to intestinal inflammation

(2021) Stefano Romano et al.   npj Parkinsons Disease

Oral Administration of Probiotic Bifidobacterium breve Improves Facilitation of Hippocampal Memory Extinction via Restoration of Aberrant Higher Induction of Neuropsin in an MPTP-Induced Mouse Model of Parkinson’s Disease

(2021) Toshiaki Ishii et al.   Biomedicines

Gut microbial metabolites facilitate anticancer therapy efficacy by modulating cytotoxic CD8+ T cell immunity

(2021) Yao He et al.   Cell Metabolism

Probiotic Supplementation Facilitates Recovery of 6-OHDA-Induced Motor Deficit via Improving Mitochondrial Function and Energy Metabolism

(2021) Bira Arumndari Nurrahma et al.   Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience

PINK1: A Bridge between Mitochondria and Parkinson’s Disease

(2021) Filipa Barroso Gonçalves et al.   Life-Basel

Gut Microbiome Signatures of Risk and Prodromal Markers of Parkinson Disease

(2021) Sebastian Heinzel et al.   ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY

Vagus Nerve and Stomach Synucleinopathy in Parkinson’s Disease, Incidental Lewy Body Disease, and Normal Elderly Subjects: Evidence Against the “Body-First” Hypothesis

(2021) Thomas G. Beach et al.   Journal of Parkinsons Disease

Intestinal Decontamination Therapy for Dyskinesia and Motor Fluctuations in Parkinson's Disease

(2021) José Fidel Baizabal-Carvallo et al.   Frontiers in Neurology

Gut microbiota and metabolites of α-synuclein transgenic monkey models with early stage of Parkinson’s disease

(2021) Yaping Yan et al.   npj Biofilms and Microbiomes

Dysregulation of the Adaptive Immune System in Patients With Early-Stage Parkinson Disease

(2021) Zhaoqi Yan et al.   Neurology-Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation

Influence of probiotic bacteria on gut microbiota composition and gut wall function in an in-vitro model in patients with Parkinson's disease

(2021) Jonas Ghyselinck et al.   International Journal of Pharmaceutics: X

Disruption of Circadian Rhythms and Gut Motility

(2020) Henri Duboc et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY

Adolescence and Aging: Impact of Adolescence Inflammatory Stress and Microbiota Alterations on Brain Development, Aging, and Neurodegeneration

(2020) Nour Yahfoufi et al.   JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES

Gut-seeded α-synuclein fibrils promote gut dysfunction and brain pathology specifically in aged mice

(2020) Collin Challis et al.   NATURE NEUROSCIENCE

Impact of commonly used drugs on the composition and metabolic function of the gut microbiota

(2020) Arnau Vich Vila et al.   Nature Communications

Probiotic Bacillus subtilis Protects against α-Synuclein Aggregation in C. elegans

(2020) María Eugenia Goya et al.   Cell Reports

A gut bacterial amyloid promotes α-synuclein aggregation and motor impairment in mice

(2020) Timothy R Sampson et al.   eLife

Effects of the probiotic formulation SLAB51 in in vitro and in vivo Parkinson’s disease models

(2020) Vanessa Castelli et al.   Aging-US

Bidirectional gut-to-brain and brain-to-gut propagation of synucleinopathy in non-human primates

(2020) Marie-Laure Arotcarena et al.   BRAIN

Microbiota-derived butyrate dynamically regulates intestinal homeostasis through regulation of actin-associated protein synaptopodin

(2020) Ruth X. Wang et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

α-Synuclein-specific T cell reactivity is associated with preclinical and early Parkinson’s disease

(2020) Cecilia S. Lindestam Arlehamn et al.   Nature Communications

Probiotics Alleviate the Progressive Deterioration of Motor Functions in a Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease

(2020) Tsung-Hsun Hsieh et al.   Brain Sciences

Meta‐Analysis of Gut Dysbiosis in Parkinson's Disease

(2020) Hiroshi Nishiwaki et al.   MOVEMENT DISORDERS

In vivo distribution of α-synuclein in multiple tissues and biofluids in Parkinson disease

(2020) Lana M. Chahine et al.   NEUROLOGY

Characterizing dysbiosis of gut microbiome in PD: evidence for overabundance of opportunistic pathogens

(2020) Zachary D. Wallen et al.   npj Parkinsons Disease

Clinical Features of Parkinson’s Disease: The Evolution of Critical Symptoms

(2020) Csaba Váradi   Biology-Basel

Gut Microbiota Dynamics in Parkinsonian Mice

(2020) Emily Klann et al.   ACS Chemical Neuroscience

Probiotic Clostridium Butyricum Ameliorated Motor Deficits in a Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease via Gut Microbiota-GLP-1 Pathway

(2020) Jing Sun et al.   BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY

Neuroprotective effects of probiotics bacteria on animal model of Parkinson’s disease induced by 6-hydroxydopamine: A behavioral, biochemical, and histological study

(2020) Esmail Alipour Nosrani et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOASSAY & IMMUNOCHEMISTRY

Probiotics for constipation in Parkinson’s disease: A randomized placebo-controlled study

(2020) Ai Huey Tan et al.   NEUROLOGY

Gut Microbiota Approach—A New Strategy to Treat Parkinson’s Disease

(2020) Jing Liu et al.   Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology

Alleviation of Depression by Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Through the Regulation of Neuroinflammation, Neurotransmitters, Neurogenesis, and Synaptic Function

(2020) Young-Kook Kim et al.   Frontiers in Pharmacology

Gut–Brain Axis: Potential Factors Involved in the Pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease

(2020) Yin-Xia Chao et al.   Frontiers in Neurology

Butyrate mediates anti-inflammatory effects of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii in intestinal epithelial cells through Dact3

(2020) Marion Lenoir et al.   Gut Microbes

Gut microbiota and metabolome distinctive features in Parkinson disease: Focus on levodopa and levodopa‐carbidopa intrajejunal gel

(2020) Marta Melis et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY

The Gut Microbiome, Aging, and Longevity: A Systematic Review

(2020) Varsha D. Badal et al.   Nutrients

Short-Chain Fatty Acid-Producing Gut Microbiota Is Decreased in Parkinson’s Disease but Not in Rapid-Eye-Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder

(2020) Hiroshi Nishiwaki et al.   mSystems

Microbiome, Parkinson’s Disease and Molecular Mimicry

(2019) Fabiana Miraglia et al.   Cells

Microglia as modulators of exosomal alpha-synuclein transmission

(2019) Yun Xia et al.   Cell Death & Disease

The Neuroprotective Effect of Doxycycline on Neurodegenerative Diseases

(2019) Flávia Viana Santa-Cecília et al.   NEUROTOXICITY RESEARCH

Impact of microbiota on central nervous system and neurological diseases: the gut-brain axis

(2019) Qianquan Ma et al.   Journal of Neuroinflammation

Neuroprotective effects of an engineered commensal bacterium in the MPTP Parkinson disease mouse model via producing GLP-1

(2019) Xin Fang et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY

Lipopolysaccharide from Gut Microbiota Modulates α-Synuclein Aggregation and Alters Its Biological Function

(2019) Dipita Bhattacharyya et al.   ACS Chemical Neuroscience

Diagnostic utility of gut α-synuclein in Parkinson’s disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis

(2019) Jin Bu et al.   BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH

Selected serum cytokines and nitric oxide as potential multi-marker biosignature panels for Parkinson disease of varying durations: a case-control study

(2019) Dilini Rathnayake et al.   BMC Neurology

Parkinson’s disease biomarkers based on α‐synuclein

(2019) Muneera Fayyad et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY

Altered gut microbiota and inflammatory cytokine responses in patients with Parkinson’s disease

(2019) Chin-Hsien Lin et al.   Journal of Neuroinflammation

Probiotics mixture increases butyrate, and subsequently rescues the nigral dopaminergic neurons from MPTP and rotenone-induced neurotoxicity

(2019) Sunil Srivastav et al.   JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY

Intestinal infection triggers Parkinson’s disease-like symptoms in Pink1−/− mice

(2019) Diana Matheoud et al.   NATURE

Transneuronal Propagation of Pathologic α-Synuclein from the Gut to the Brain Models Parkinson’s Disease

(2019) Sangjune Kim et al.   NEURON

Discovery and inhibition of an interspecies gut bacterial pathway for Levodopa metabolism

(2019) Vayu Maini Rekdal et al.   SCIENCE

Long-term benefit of Microbiota Transfer Therapy on autism symptoms and gut microbiota

(2019) Dae-Wook Kang et al.   Scientific Reports

Sleep Disturbance as Potential Risk and Progression Factor for Parkinson’s Disease

(2019) Nicolaas I. Bohnen et al.   Journal of Parkinsons Disease

Probiotics for Parkinson’s Disease

(2019) Gazerani   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES

Oxidative stress in vagal neurons promotes parkinsonian pathology and intercellular α-synuclein transfer

(2019) Ruth E. Musgrove et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION

The Intestinal Barrier in Parkinson’s Disease: Current State of Knowledge

(2019) Sven C. D. van IJzendoorn et al.   Journal of Parkinsons Disease

Fecal microbiota transplantation alleviated Alzheimer’s disease-like pathogenesis in APP/PS1 transgenic mice

(2019) Jing Sun et al.   Translational Psychiatry

Altered Gut Microbiome in Parkinson’s Disease and the Influence of Lipopolysaccharide in a Human α-Synuclein Over-Expressing Mouse Model

(2019) Anastazja M. Gorecki et al.   Frontiers in Neuroscience

Factors affecting the composition of the gut microbiota, and its modulation

(2019) Nihal Hasan et al.   PeerJ

FETR-ALS Study Protocol: A Randomized Clinical Trial of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

(2019) Jessica Mandrioli et al.   Frontiers in Neurology

Nigral overexpression of α‐synuclein in a rat Parkinson’s disease model indicates alterations in the enteric nervous system and the gut microbiome

(2019) Sarah M. O’Donovan et al.   NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY

Defining Dysbiosis for a Cluster of Chronic Diseases

(2019) Lamont J. Wilkins et al.   Scientific Reports

The abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila and its relationship with sulphated colonic mucins in health and ulcerative colitis

(2019) Helen Earley et al.   Scientific Reports

The Role of the Gut Microbiota in the Pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease

(2019) Dongming Yang et al.   Frontiers in Neurology

Diet in Parkinson's Disease: Critical Role for the Microbiome

(2019) Aeja Jackson et al.   Frontiers in Neurology

Current explorations of nutrition and the gut microbiome: a comprehensive evaluation of the review literature

(2019) Leigh A Frame et al.   NUTRITION REVIEWS

Engineered commensal bacteria prevent systemic inflammation-induced memory impairment and amyloidogenesis via producing GLP-1

(2018) Tingtao Chen et al.   APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY

Clinical and metabolic response to probiotic administration in people with Parkinson's disease: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

(2018) Omid Reza Tamtaji et al.   CLINICAL NUTRITION

Abnormalities of age-related T cell senescence in Parkinson’s disease

(2018) C. H. Williams-Gray et al.   Journal of Neuroinflammation

Increased Oxidative Stress Exacerbates α-Synuclein Aggregation In Vivo

(2018) Owen Scudamore et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROPATHOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY

Inoculation of α-synuclein preformed fibrils into the mouse gastrointestinal tract induces Lewy body-like aggregates in the brainstem via the vagus nerve

(2018) Norihito Uemura et al.   Molecular Neurodegeneration

Extracellular α-synuclein levels are regulated by neuronal activity

(2018) Kaoru Yamada et al.   Molecular Neurodegeneration

Fecal markers of intestinal inflammation and intestinal permeability are elevated in Parkinson's disease

(2018) Andreas Schwiertz et al.   PARKINSONISM & RELATED DISORDERS

Network connectivity determines cortical thinning in early Parkinson’s disease progression

(2018) Y. Yau et al.   Nature Communications

Changes of Colonic Bacterial Composition in Parkinson’s Disease and Other Neurodegenerative Diseases

(2018) Sara Gerhardt et al.   Nutrients

Anti–Tumor Necrosis Factor Therapy and Incidence of Parkinson Disease Among Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease

(2018) Inga Peter et al.   JAMA Neurology

The Vagus Nerve at the Interface of the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis

(2018) Bruno Bonaz et al.   Frontiers in Neuroscience

Microbiome–host systems interactions: protective effects of propionate upon the blood–brain barrier

(2018) Lesley Hoyles et al.   Microbiome

Saturated long-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria contribute to enhanced colonic motility in rats

(2018) Ling Zhao et al.   Microbiome

Vagus Nerve as Modulator of the Brain–Gut Axis in Psychiatric and Inflammatory Disorders

(2018) Sigrid Breit et al.   Frontiers in Psychiatry

Neuro-immune regulation of mucosal physiology

(2018) Julie Chesné et al.   Mucosal Immunology

A prebiotic intervention study in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs)

(2018) Roberta Grimaldi et al.   Microbiome

Secretion and Uptake of α-Synuclein Via Extracellular Vesicles in Cultured Cells

(2018) Gabriel Gustafsson et al.   CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY

Peripheral blood inflammatory markers in early Parkinson’s disease

(2018) Ryul Kim et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE

The burden of Parkinson's disease: a worldwide perspective

(2018) Walter A Rocca   LANCET NEUROLOGY

Global, regional, and national burden of Parkinson's disease, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

(2018) E. Ray Dorsey et al.   LANCET NEUROLOGY

Unraveling gut microbiota in Parkinson's disease and atypical parkinsonism

(2018) Michela Barichella et al.   MOVEMENT DISORDERS

A Meta-Analysis of α-Synuclein Multiplication in Familial Parkinsonism

(2018) Adam Book et al.   Frontiers in Neurology

Effect of bifidobacterium breve A-1 on anxiety and depressive symptoms in schizophrenia: A proof-of-concept study

(2018) Ryo Okubo et al.   JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS

Candidate inflammatory biomarkers display unique relationships with alpha-synuclein and correlate with measures of disease severity in subjects with Parkinson’s disease

(2017) Lori N. Eidson et al.   Journal of Neuroinflammation

Parkinson's disease and Parkinson's disease medications have distinct signatures of the gut microbiome

(2017) Erin M. Hill-Burns et al.   MOVEMENT DISORDERS

The nasal and gut microbiome in Parkinson's disease and idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder

(2017) Anna Heintz-Buschart et al.   MOVEMENT DISORDERS

T cells from patients with Parkinson’s disease recognize α-synuclein peptides

(2017) David Sulzer et al.   NATURE

Vagotomy and Parkinson disease

(2017) Bojing Liu et al.   NEUROLOGY

Structural changes of gut microbiota in Parkinson’s disease and its correlation with clinical features

(2017) Wei Li et al.   Science China-Life Sciences

Microbiota-related Changes in Bile Acid & Tryptophan Metabolism are Associated with Gastrointestinal Dysfunction in a Mouse Model of Autism

(2017) Anna V. Golubeva et al.   EBioMedicine

Gut microbiome alterations in Alzheimer’s disease

(2017) Nicholas M. Vogt et al.   Scientific Reports

Cognitive impairment by antibiotic-induced gut dysbiosis: Analysis of gut microbiota-brain communication

(2016) Esther E. Fröhlich et al.   BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY

Quantifying rigidity of Parkinson's disease in relation to laxative treatment: a service evaluation

(2016) Aisha D. Augustin et al.   BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY

Parkinson’s Disease-Related Proteins PINK1 and Parkin Repress Mitochondrial Antigen Presentation

(2016) Diana Matheoud et al.   CELL

Unconventional secretion of misfolded proteins promotes adaptation to proteasome dysfunction in mammalian cells

(2016) Jin-Gu Lee et al.   NATURE CELL BIOLOGY

Gut microbiome–derived metabolites modulate intestinal epithelial cell damage and mitigate graft-versus-host disease

(2016) Nathan D Mathewson et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

Probiotics and prebiotic fiber for constipation associated with Parkinson disease

(2016) Michela Barichella et al.   NEUROLOGY

Environmental and genetic factors support the dissociation between α-synuclein aggregation and toxicity

(2016) Anna Villar-Piqué et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Nonmotor gastrointestinal disorders in older patients with Parkinson’s disease: is there hope?

(2016) Doina Georgescu et al.   Clinical Interventions in Aging

Exposure to bacterial endotoxin generates a distinct strain of α-synuclein fibril

(2016) Changyoun Kim et al.   Scientific Reports

Vagotomy and subsequent risk of Parkinson's disease

(2015) Elisabeth Svensson et al.   ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY

Control of Brain Development, Function, and Behavior by the Microbiome

(2015) Timothy R. Sampson et al.   Cell Host & Microbe

TLR4 at the Crossroads of Nutrients, Gut Microbiota, and Metabolic Inflammation

(2015) Licio A. Velloso et al.   ENDOCRINE REVIEWS

Lipopolysaccharide-induced blood-brain barrier disruption: roles of cyclooxygenase, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and elements of the neurovascular unit

(2015) William A. Banks et al.   Journal of Neuroinflammation

Colonic bacterial composition in Parkinson's disease

(2015) Ali Keshavarzian et al.   MOVEMENT DISORDERS

Pathogenesis of Parkinson disease—the gut–brain axis and environmental factors

(2015) Lisa Klingelhoefer et al.   Nature Reviews Neurology

Increased urinary indoxyl sulfate (indican): New insights into gut dysbiosis in Parkinson's disease

(2015) Erica Cassani et al.   PARKINSONISM & RELATED DISORDERS

Chronic exposure to Low dose bacterial lipopolysaccharide inhibits leptin signaling in vagal afferent neurons

(2015) Claire B. de La Serre et al.   PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR

Brain-gut-microbiota axis in Parkinson's disease

(2015) Agata Mulak   WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY

Linking Smoking, Coffee, Urate, and Parkinson’s Disease – A Role for Gut Microbiota?

(2015) Filip Scheperjans et al.   Journal of Parkinsons Disease

Structural alterations of the intestinal epithelial barrier in Parkinson’s disease

(2015) Thomas Clairembault et al.   Acta Neuropathologica Communications

Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Strain HTF-F and Its Extracellular Polymeric Matrix Attenuate Clinical Parameters in DSS-Induced Colitis

(2015) Oriana Rossi et al.   PLoS One

In vivo gastric detection of α-synuclein inclusions in Parkinson's disease

(2014) Álvaro Sánchez-Ferro et al.   MOVEMENT DISORDERS

Gut microbiota are related to Parkinson's disease and clinical phenotype

(2014) Filip Scheperjans et al.   MOVEMENT DISORDERS

Delirium and High Fever Are Associated with Subacute Motor Deterioration in Parkinson Disease: A Nested Case-Control Study

(2014) Atsushi Umemura et al.   PLoS One

Solution conditions determine the relative importance of nucleation and growth processes in  -synuclein aggregation

(2014) A. K. Buell et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

The gut microbiota influences blood-brain barrier permeability in mice

(2014) V. Braniste et al.   Science Translational Medicine

Affective disorders in Parkinsonʼs disease

(2013) Kelly S.G. Aminian et al.   CURRENT OPINION IN NEUROLOGY

Microbial genes, brain & behaviour - epigenetic regulation of the gut-brain axis

(2013) R. M. Stilling et al.   GENES BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR

Mind the gut: secretion of α-synuclein by enteric neurons

(2013) Stefan A. Grathwohl et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY

Commensal microbe-derived butyrate induces the differentiation of colonic regulatory T cells

(2013) Yukihiro Furusawa et al.   NATURE

Metabolites produced by commensal bacteria promote peripheral regulatory T-cell generation

(2013) Nicholas Arpaia et al.   NATURE

Clinicopathologic correlations in 172 cases of rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder with or without a coexisting neurologic disorder

(2013) B.F. Boeve et al.   SLEEP MEDICINE

Gut–brain axis: how the microbiome influences anxiety and depression

(2013) Jane A. Foster et al.   TRENDS IN NEUROSCIENCES

Neuron-released oligomeric α-synuclein is an endogenous agonist of TLR2 for paracrine activation of microglia

(2013) Changyoun Kim et al.   Nature Communications

 -Synuclein in Parkinson's Disease

(2013) L. Stefanis   Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine

Doxycycline increases neurogenesis and reduces microglia in the adult hippocampus

(2013) Sebastien Sultan et al.   Frontiers in Neuroscience

The prion hypothesis in Parkinson's disease: Braak to the future

(2013) Naomi P Visanji et al.   Acta Neuropathologica Communications

Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Signaling in Macrophages

(2012) Narayanan Parameswaran et al.   CRITICAL REVIEWS IN EUKARYOTIC GENE EXPRESSION

Communication between gastrointestinal bacteria and the nervous system

(2012) Javier A Bravo et al.   CURRENT OPINION IN PHARMACOLOGY

A metagenome-wide association study of gut microbiota in type 2 diabetes

(2012) Junjie Qin et al.   NATURE

Defining the human microbiome

(2012) Luke K Ursell et al.   NUTRITION REVIEWS

Alpha-synuclein release by neurons activates the inflammatory response in a microglial cell line

(2011) Lydia Alvarez-Erviti et al.   NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH

Assessment of α-Synuclein Secretion in Mouse and Human Brain Parenchyma

(2011) Evangelia Emmanouilidou et al.   PLoS One

Increased Intestinal Permeability Correlates with Sigmoid Mucosa alpha-Synuclein Staining and Endotoxin Exposure Markers in Early Parkinson's Disease

(2011) Christopher B. Forsyth et al.   PLoS One

Metagenomic systems biology of the human gut microbiome reveals topological shifts associated with obesity and inflammatory bowel disease

(2011) S. Greenblum et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Cell-Produced  -Synuclein Is Secreted in a Calcium-Dependent Manner by Exosomes and Impacts Neuronal Survival

(2010) E. Emmanouilidou et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE

Gastrointestinal dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease

(2010) Ronald F. Pfeiffer   PARKINSONISM & RELATED DISORDERS

Circulating interleukin-10 and interleukin-12 in Parkinson’s disease

(2009) M. Rentzos et al.   ACTA NEUROLOGICA SCANDINAVICA

Neuronal activation in the nucleus of the solitary tract following jejunal lipopolysaccharide in the rat

(2009) G. Gakis et al.   AUTONOMIC NEUROSCIENCE-BASIC & CLINICAL

Quantifying the risk of neurodegenerative disease in idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder

(2008) R. B. Postuma et al.   NEUROLOGY

Serum interleukin (IL-2, IL-10, IL-6, IL-4), TNFα, and INFγ concentrations are elevated in patients with atypical and idiopathic parkinsonism

(2008) Bogdan Brodacki et al.   NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS