Canonical and Noncanonical Autophagy as Potential Targets for COVID-19

Tizoxanide induces autophagy by inhibiting PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in RAW264.7 macrophage cells

(2020) Jiaoqin Shou et al.   ARCHIVES OF PHARMACAL RESEARCH

Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in vitro

(2020) Manli Wang et al.   CELL RESEARCH

A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin

(2020) Peng Zhou et al.   NATURE

A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China, 2019

(2020) Na Zhu et al.   NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE

Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation

(2020) Daniel Wrapp et al.   SCIENCE

Genomic characterization of the 2019 novel human-pathogenic coronavirus isolated from a patient with atypical pneumonia after visiting Wuhan

(2020) Jasper Fuk-Woo Chan et al.   Emerging Microbes & Infections

The species Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus: classifying 2019-nCoV and naming it SARS-CoV-2

(2020)   Nature Microbiology

Updated Approaches against SARS-CoV-2

(2020) Haiou Li et al.   ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY

Structure, Function, and Antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein

(2020) Alexandra C. Walls et al.   CELL

In Vitro Antiviral Activity and Projection of Optimized Dosing Design of Hydroxychloroquine for the Treatment of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)

(2020) Xueting Yao et al.   CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES

SARS CoV-2: Recent Reports on Antiviral Therapies Based on Lopinavir/Ritonavir, Darunavir/Umifenovir, Hydroxychloroquine, Remdesivir, Favipiravir and Other Drugs for the Treatment of the New Coronavirus

(2020) Michele Costanzo et al.   CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY

Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin as a treatment of COVID-19: results of an open-label non-randomized clinical trial

(2020) Philippe Gautret et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS

Observational Study of Hydroxychloroquine in Hospitalized Patients with Covid-19

(2020) Joshua Geleris et al.   NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE

Nonstructural protein 6 of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus induces autophagy to promote viral replication via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR axis

(2020) Huixing Lin et al.   VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY

Characterization of spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 on virus entry and its immune cross-reactivity with SARS-CoV

(2020) Xiuyuan Ou et al.   Nature Communications

Network-based drug repurposing for novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV/SARS-CoV-2

(2020) Yadi Zhou et al.   Cell Discovery

The FDA-approved drug ivermectin inhibits the replication of SARS-CoV-2 in vitro

(2020) Leon Caly et al.   ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH

In vitro testing of combined hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin on SARS-CoV-2 shows synergistic effect

(2020) Julien Andreani et al.   MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS

Niclosamide-induced Wnt signaling inhibition in colorectal cancer is mediated by autophagy

(2019) Jiangbo Wang et al.   BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL

Protective autophagy elicited by RAF→MEK→ERK inhibition suggests a treatment strategy for RAS-driven cancers

(2019) Conan G. Kinsey et al.   NATURE MEDICINE

The ER stress sensor IRE1 and MAP kinase ERK modulate autophagy induction in cells infected with coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus

(2019) To Sing Fung et al.   VIROLOGY

Interactions between Autophagy and DNA Viruses

(2019) Hai-chang Yin et al.   Viruses-Basel

SKP2 attenuates autophagy through Beclin1-ubiquitination and its inhibition reduces MERS-Coronavirus infection

(2019) Nils C. Gassen et al.   Nature Communications

Chloroquine inhibits autophagic flux by decreasing autophagosome-lysosome fusion

(2018) Mario Mauthe et al.   Autophagy

Autophagy during viral infection — a double-edged sword

(2018) Younho Choi et al.   NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY

MERS-CoV 4b protein interferes with the NF-κB-dependent innate immune response during infection

(2018) Javier Canton et al.   PLoS Pathogens

Nitazoxanide, an antiprotozoal drug, inhibits late-stage autophagy and promotes ING1-induced cell cycle arrest in glioblastoma

(2018) Xiaoxiong Wang et al.   Cell Death & Disease

AIDS, Avian flu, SARS, MERS, Ebola, Zika… what next?

(2017) Leslie A. Reperant et al.   VACCINE

Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Induces Autophagy to Benefit Its Replication

(2017) Xiaozhen Guo et al.   Viruses-Basel

Escin induces caspase-dependent apoptosis and autophagy through the ROS/p38 MAPK signalling pathway in human osteosarcoma cells in vitro and in vivo

(2017) Jian Zhu et al.   Cell Death & Disease

Alternative autophagy, brefeldin A and viral trafficking pathways

(2016) Charles Grose et al.   Autophagy

Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (3rd edition)

(2016) Daniel J Klionsky et al.   Autophagy

Ivermectin Induces Cytostatic Autophagy by Blocking the PAK1/Akt Axis in Breast Cancer

(2016) Q. Dou et al.   CANCER RESEARCH

Autophagy regulates Selumetinib (AZD6244) induced-apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells

(2016) Silvina Grasso et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY

Coronaviruses — drug discovery and therapeutic options

(2016) Alimuddin Zumla et al.   NATURE REVIEWS DRUG DISCOVERY

Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus NS4b Protein Inhibits Host RNase L Activation

(2016) Joshua M. Thornbrough et al.   mBio

Mitophagy in TGEV infection counteracts oxidative stress and apoptosis

(2016) Liqi Zhu et al.   Oncotarget

Autophagy Negatively Regulates Transmissible Gastroenteritis Virus Replication

(2016) Longjun Guo et al.   Scientific Reports

The anti-hypertensive drug reserpine induces neuronal cell death through inhibition of autophagic flux

(2015) Kang Il Lee et al.   BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS

Unsaturated fatty acids induce non-canonical autophagy

(2015) M. Niso-Santano et al.   EMBO JOURNAL

Autophagy and autophagy-related proteins in the immune system

(2015) Shusaku T Shibutani et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

Broad-spectrum antivirals against viral fusion

(2015) Frederic Vigant et al.   NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY

Viruses and the autophagy pathway

(2015) William T. Jackson   VIROLOGY

Autophagosome–lysosome fusion is independent of V-ATPase-mediated acidification

(2015) Caroline Mauvezin et al.   Nature Communications

Antiviral Potential of ERK/MAPK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling Modulation for Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection as Identified by Temporal Kinome Analysis

(2014) Jason Kindrachuk et al.   ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY

Does bafilomycin A1block the fusion of autophagosomes with lysosomes?

(2014) Daniel J. Klionsky et al.   Autophagy

Coronavirus NSP6 restricts autophagosome expansion

(2014) Eleanor M Cottam et al.   Autophagy

ER-phagy mediates selective degradation of endoplasmic reticulum independently of the core autophagy machinery

(2014) S. Schuck et al.   JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE

The Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Sensor IRE1  Protects Cells from Apoptosis Induced by the Coronavirus Infectious Bronchitis Virus

(2014) T. S. Fung et al.   JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY

Macrolide antibiotics block autophagy flux and sensitize to bortezomib via endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated CHOP induction in myeloma cells

(2013) SHOTA MORIYA et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY

Upregulation of CHOP/GADD153 during Coronavirus Infectious Bronchitis Virus Infection Modulates Apoptosis by Restricting Activation of the Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase Pathway

(2013) Y. Liao et al.   JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY

The Hairpin-type Tail-Anchored SNARE Syntaxin 17 Targets to Autophagosomes for Fusion with Endosomes/Lysosomes

(2012) Eisuke Itakura et al.   CELL

Antagonism of the Interferon-Induced OAS-RNase L Pathway by Murine Coronavirus ns2 Protein Is Required for Virus Replication and Liver Pathology

(2012) Ling Zhao et al.   Cell Host & Microbe

Targeting disease through novel pathways of apoptosis and autophagy

(2012) Kenneth Maiese et al.   EXPERT OPINION ON THERAPEUTIC TARGETS

Induction of Autophagy by Palmitic Acid via Protein Kinase C-mediated Signaling Pathway Independent of mTOR (Mammalian Target of Rapamycin)

(2012) Shi Hao Tan et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

RNase L Induces Autophagy via c-Jun N-terminal Kinase and Double-stranded RNA-dependent Protein Kinase Signaling Pathways

(2012) Mohammad Adnan Siddiqui et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

RNase L Triggers Autophagy in Response to Viral Infections

(2012) A. Chakrabarti et al.   JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY

Perturbation of intracellular K+ homeostasis with valinomycin promotes cell death by mitochondrial swelling and autophagic processes

(2011) Barbara Klein et al.   APOPTOSIS

Coronavirus nsp6 proteins generate autophagosomes from the endoplasmic reticulum via an omegasome intermediate

(2011) Eleanor M. Cottam et al.   Autophagy

Chemical genetics approach to restoring p27Kip1 reveals novel compounds with antiproliferative activity in prostate cancer cells

(2011) Elizabeth Rico-Bautista et al.   BMC BIOLOGY

mTORC1 serves ER stress-triggered apoptosis via selective activation of the IRE1–JNK pathway

(2011) H Kato et al.   CELL DEATH AND DIFFERENTIATION

Azithromycin blocks autophagy and may predispose cystic fibrosis patients to mycobacterial infection

(2011) Maurizio Renna et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION

Activation of Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/Akt Signaling Pathway Mediates Acquired Resistance to Sorafenib in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells

(2011) K.-F. Chen et al.   JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS

BH3 mimetics activate multiple pro-autophagic pathways

(2011) S A Malik et al.   ONCOGENE

The life span-prolonging effect of Sirtuin-1 is mediated by autophagy

(2010) Eugenia Morselli et al.   Autophagy

Autophagy takes an alternative pathway

(2010) Shigeomi Shimizu et al.   Autophagy

Protein kinase C inhibits autophagy and phosphorylates LC3

(2010) Houbo Jiang et al.   BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS

Coronaviruses Hijack the LC3-I-Positive EDEMosomes, ER-Derived Vesicles Exporting Short-Lived ERAD Regulators, for Replication

(2010) Fulvio Reggiori et al.   Cell Host & Microbe

Antiviral Activity of Chloroquine against Human Coronavirus OC43 Infection in Newborn Mice

(2009) E. Keyaerts et al.   ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY

A Non-canonical MEK/ERK Signaling Pathway Regulates Autophagy via Regulating Beclin 1

(2009) Jianrong Wang et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

Human Papillomavirus Type 16 Infection of Human Keratinocytes Requires Clathrin and Caveolin-1 and Is Brefeldin A Sensitive

(2009) V. Laniosz et al.   JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY

Detection of Nonstructural Protein 6 in Murine Coronavirus-Infected Cells and Analysis of the Transmembrane Topology by Using Bioinformatics and Molecular Approaches

(2009) S. Baliji et al.   JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY

Discovery of Atg5/Atg7-independent alternative macroautophagy

(2009) Yuya Nishida et al.   NATURE

Rab GTPases as coordinators of vesicle traffic

(2009) Harald Stenmark   NATURE REVIEWS MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY

Involvement of PKC signal pathways in oridonin-induced autophagy in HeLa cells: A protective mechanism against apoptosis

(2008) Yahong Zhang et al.   BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS

SARS coronavirus entry into host cells through a novel clathrin- and caveolae-independent endocytic pathway

(2008) Hongliang Wang et al.   CELL RESEARCH

Autophagosome formation from membrane compartments enriched in phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate and dynamically connected to the endoplasmic reticulum

(2008) Elizabeth L. Axe et al.   JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY

The Atg16L Complex Specifies the Site of LC3 Lipidation for Membrane Biogenesis in Autophagy

(2008) Naonobu Fujita et al.   MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL

SARS-Coronavirus Replication Is Supported by a Reticulovesicular Network of Modified Endoplasmic Reticulum

(2008) Kèvin Knoops et al.   PLOS BIOLOGY

SARS-Coronavirus Replication/Transcription Complexes Are Membrane-Protected and Need a Host Factor for Activity In Vitro

(2008) Martijn J. van Hemert et al.   PLoS Pathogens

Mouse Hepatitis Coronavirus RNA Replication Depends on GBF1-Mediated ARF1 Activation

(2008) Monique H. Verheije et al.   PLoS Pathogens