The NLRP3 Inflammasome: An Overview of Mechanisms of Activation and Regulation

Candidalysin Crucially Contributes to Nlrp3 Inflammasome Activation by Candida albicans Hyphae

(2019) Ona Rogiers et al.   mBio

Effects of phosphorylation on the NLRP3 inflammasome

(2019) Christina F. Sandall et al.   ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS

MCC950 directly targets the NLRP3 ATP-hydrolysis motif for inflammasome inhibition

(2019) Rebecca C. Coll et al.   Nature Chemical Biology

MCC950 closes the active conformation of NLRP3 to an inactive state

(2019) Ana Tapia-Abellán et al.   Nature Chemical Biology

AT-533, a Hsp90 inhibitor, attenuates HSV-1-induced inflammation

(2019) Feng Li et al.   BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY

Cutting Edge: Mitochondrial Assembly of the NLRP3 Inflammasome Complex Is Initiated at Priming

(2018) Eric I. Elliott et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Induction of NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation by Heme in Human Endothelial Cells

(2018) Judit Erdei et al.   Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor is required for NLRP3 inflammasome activation

(2018) Tali Lang et al.   Nature Communications

The E3 ubiquitin ligase Pellino2 mediates priming of the NLRP3 inflammasome

(2018) Fiachra Humphries et al.   Nature Communications

The oxidized phospholipid oxPAPC protects from septic shock by targeting the non-canonical inflammasome in macrophages

(2018) Lan H. Chu et al.   Nature Communications

Hsp90 inhibition as a means to inhibit activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome

(2018) Niina Piippo et al.   Scientific Reports

USP7 and USP47 deubiquitinases regulate NLRP3 inflammasome activation

(2018) Pablo Palazón‐Riquelme et al.   EMBO REPORTS

New mitochondrial DNA synthesis enables NLRP3 inflammasome activation

(2018) Zhenyu Zhong et al.   NATURE

Chloride regulates dynamic NLRP3-dependent ASC oligomerization and inflammasome priming

(2018) Jack P. Green et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

SUMO-mediated regulation of NLRP3 modulates inflammasome activity

(2018) Rachael Barry et al.   Nature Communications

PtdIns4P on dispersed trans-Golgi network mediates NLRP3 inflammasome activation

(2018) Jueqi Chen et al.   NATURE

NLRP3 lacking the leucine-rich repeat domain can be fully activated via the canonical inflammasome pathway

(2018) Iva Hafner-Bratkovič et al.   Nature Communications

The fungal peptide toxin Candidalysin activates the NLRP3 inflammasome and causes cytolysis in mononuclear phagocytes

(2018) Lydia Kasper et al.   Nature Communications

Inhibition of Heat Shock Protein 90 by 17-AAG Reduces Inflammation via P2X7 Receptor/NLRP3 Inflammasome Pathway and Increases Neurogenesis After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Mice

(2018) Yuchun Zuo et al.   Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience

A multicomponent toxin from Bacillus cereus incites inflammation and shapes host outcome via the NLRP3 inflammasome

(2018) Anukriti Mathur et al.   Nature Microbiology

PKR induces the expression of NLRP3 by regulating the NF-κB pathway in Porphyromonas gingivalis -infected osteoblasts

(2017) Kaya Yoshida et al.   EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH

The intracellular chloride channel proteins CLIC1 and CLIC4 induce IL-1β transcription and activate the NLRP3 inflammasome

(2017) Raquel Domingo-Fernández et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

NLRP3 inflammasome assembly is regulated by phosphorylation of the pyrin domain

(2017) Andrea Stutz et al.   JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE

Protein kinase D at the Golgi controls NLRP3 inflammasome activation

(2017) Zhirong Zhang et al.   JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE

ARIH2 Ubiquitinates NLRP3 and Negatively Regulates NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in Macrophages

(2017) Akira Kawashima et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

NLRP3 Phosphorylation Is an Essential Priming Event for Inflammasome Activation

(2017) Nan Song et al.   MOLECULAR CELL

NADPH Oxidase 2 Regulates NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in the Brain after Traumatic Brain Injury

(2017) Merry W. Ma et al.   Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

MARK4 regulates NLRP3 positioning and inflammasome activation through a microtubule-dependent mechanism

(2017) Xuan Li et al.   Nature Communications

CLICs-dependent chloride efflux is an essential and proximal upstream event for NLRP3 inflammasome activation

(2017) Tiantian Tang et al.   Nature Communications

Corosolic acid ameliorates acute inflammation through inhibition of IRAK-1 phosphorylation in macrophages

(2016) Seung-Jae Kim et al.   BMB Reports

IRGB10 Liberates Bacterial Ligands for Sensing by the AIM2 and Caspase-11-NLRP3 Inflammasomes

(2016) Si Ming Man et al.   CELL

Post-translational regulation of inflammasomes

(2016) Jie Yang et al.   Cellular & Molecular Immunology

Bile Acids Control Inflammation and Metabolic Disorder through Inhibition of NLRP3 Inflammasome

(2016) Chuansheng Guo et al.   IMMUNITY

K + Efflux-Independent NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation by Small Molecules Targeting Mitochondria

(2016) Christina J. Groß et al.   IMMUNITY

Human Monocytes Engage an Alternative Inflammasome Pathway

(2016) Moritz M. Gaidt et al.   IMMUNITY

The cell biology of inflammasomes: Mechanisms of inflammasome activation and regulation

(2016) Deepika Sharma et al.   JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY

NLRP3 tyrosine phosphorylation is controlled by protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPN22

(2016) Marianne R. Spalinger et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION

NEK7 is an essential mediator of NLRP3 activation downstream of potassium efflux

(2016) Yuan He et al.   NATURE

NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition is disrupted in a group of auto-inflammatory disease CAPS mutations

(2016) Leanne Mortimer et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

NOX4-dependent fatty acid oxidation promotes NLRP3 inflammasome activation in macrophages

(2016) Jong-Seok Moon et al.   NATURE MEDICINE

The E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM31 attenuates NLRP3 inflammasome activation by promoting proteasomal degradation of NLRP3

(2016) Hui Song et al.   Nature Communications

Fenamate NSAIDs inhibit the NLRP3 inflammasome and protect against Alzheimer’s disease in rodent models

(2016) Michael J. D. Daniels et al.   Nature Communications

FADD regulates NF-κB activation and promotes ubiquitination of cFLIPL to induce apoptosis

(2016) Kishu Ranjan et al.   Scientific Reports

Disruption of glycolytic flux is a signal for inflammasome signaling and pyroptotic cell death

(2016) Laura E Sanman et al.   eLife

Dopamine Controls Systemic Inflammation through Inhibition of NLRP3 Inflammasome

(2015) Yiqing Yan et al.   CELL

Gasdermin D is an executor of pyroptosis and required for interleukin-1β secretion

(2015) Wan-ting He et al.   CELL RESEARCH

Caspase-11 activates a canonical NLRP3 inflammasome by promoting K+efflux

(2015) Sebastian Rühl et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Caspase-4 mediates non-canonical activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in human myeloid cells

(2015) Jonathan L. Schmid-Burgk et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

NLRP3 inflammasome activation downstream of cytoplasmic LPS recognition by both caspase-4 and caspase-5

(2015) Paul J. Baker et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Caspase-11 Requires the Pannexin-1 Channel and the Purinergic P2X7 Pore to Mediate Pyroptosis and Endotoxic Shock

(2015) Dahai Yang et al.   IMMUNITY

Shiga Toxins Activate the NLRP3 Inflammasome Pathway To Promote Both Production of the Proinflammatory Cytokine Interleukin-1β and Apoptotic Cell Death

(2015) Moo-Seung Lee et al.   INFECTION AND IMMUNITY

Lipopolysaccharide Primes the NALP3 Inflammasome by Inhibiting Its Ubiquitination and Degradation Mediated by the SCFFBXL2E3 Ligase

(2015) SeungHye Han et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

A Genome-wide CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats) Screen Identifies NEK7 as an Essential Component of NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation

(2015) Jonathan L. Schmid-Burgk et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

MAVS Promotes Inflammasome Activation by Targeting ASC for K63-Linked Ubiquitination via the E3 Ligase TRAF3

(2015) Kai Guan et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Bacterial RNA: An Underestimated Stimulus for Innate Immune Responses

(2015) Tatjana Eigenbrod et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

K+Efflux Agonists Induce NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation Independently of Ca2+Signaling

(2015) Michael A. Katsnelson et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Multiple Cathepsins Promote Pro–IL-1β Synthesis and NLRP3-Mediated IL-1β Activation

(2015) Gregory M. Orlowski et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Caspase-11 cleaves gasdermin D for non-canonical inflammasome signalling

(2015) Nobuhiko Kayagaki et al.   NATURE

Cleavage of GSDMD by inflammatory caspases determines pyroptotic cell death

(2015) Jianjin Shi et al.   NATURE

The transcription factor IRF1 and guanylate-binding proteins target activation of the AIM2 inflammasome by Francisella infection

(2015) Si Ming Man et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

Guanylate-binding proteins promote activation of the AIM2 inflammasome during infection with Francisella novicida

(2015) Etienne Meunier et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

NLRP3 activation and mitosis are mutually exclusive events coordinated by NEK7, a new inflammasome component

(2015) Hexin Shi et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

A small-molecule inhibitor of the NLRP3 inflammasome for the treatment of inflammatory diseases

(2015) Rebecca C Coll et al.   NATURE MEDICINE

Inflammasomes: mechanism of action, role in disease and therapeutics

(2015) Haitao Guo et al.   NATURE MEDICINE

Bacterial Exotoxins and the Inflammasome

(2015) Allison J. Greaney et al.   Frontiers in Immunology

The P2X7 receptor: Shifting from a low- to a high-conductance channel — An enigmatic phenomenon?

(2014) Luiz Anastacio Alves et al.   BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES

Mechanisms and Functions of Inflammasomes

(2014) Mohamed Lamkanfi et al.   CELL

Mitochondrial apoptosis is dispensable for NLRP3 inflammasome activation but non-apoptotic caspase-8 is required for inflammasome priming

(2014) R. Allam et al.   EMBO REPORTS

Lysosomes Integrate Metabolic-Inflammatory Cross-talk in Primary Macrophage Inflammasome Activation

(2014) Kassandra Weber et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

RNA and β-Hemolysin of Group BStreptococcusInduce Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) by Activating NLRP3 Inflammasomes in Mouse Macrophages

(2014) Rahul Gupta et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

Cutting Edge: Alum Adjuvant Stimulates Inflammatory Dendritic Cells through Activation of the NALP3 Inflammasome

(2014) M. Kool et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Cytosolic Double-Stranded RNA Activates the NLRP3 Inflammasome via MAVS-Induced Membrane Permeabilization and K+Efflux

(2014) Luigi Franchi et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

FADD and Caspase-8 Mediate Priming and Activation of the Canonical and Noncanonical Nlrp3 Inflammasomes

(2014) P. Gurung et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Inflammatory caspases are innate immune receptors for intracellular LPS

(2014) Jianjin Shi et al.   NATURE

Caspase-11 activation requires lysis of pathogen-containing vacuoles by IFN-induced GTPases

(2014) Etienne Meunier et al.   NATURE

Human NLRP3 inflammasome senses multiple types of bacterial RNAs

(2014) Wenwen Sha et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

ADP-Ribosylation of NLRP3 by Mycoplasma pneumoniae CARDS Toxin Regulates Inflammasome Activity

(2014) Santanu Bose et al.   mBio

The Adaptor MAVS Promotes NLRP3 Mitochondrial Localization and Inflammasome Activation

(2013) Naeha Subramanian et al.   CELL

Nitric oxide suppresses NLRP3 inflammasome activation and protects against LPS-induced septic shock

(2013) Kairui Mao et al.   CELL RESEARCH

The protein kinase PKR is critical for LPS-induced iNOS production but dispensable for inflammasome activation in macrophages

(2013) Yuan He et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Human astrocytes express a novel NLRP2 inflammasome

(2013) Julia Minkiewicz et al.   GLIA

Mitochondrial Cardiolipin Is Required for Nlrp3 Inflammasome Activation

(2013) Shankar S. Iyer et al.   IMMUNITY

K+ Efflux Is the Common Trigger of NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation by Bacterial Toxins and Particulate Matter

(2013) Raúl Muñoz-Planillo et al.   IMMUNITY

Microtubule-driven spatial arrangement of mitochondria promotes activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome

(2013) Takuma Misawa et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

Triggering of Inflammasome by Aggregated α–Synuclein, an Inflammatory Response in Synucleinopathies

(2013) Gaia Codolo et al.   PLoS One

IRAK-1 bypasses priming and directly links TLRs to rapid NLRP3 inflammasome activation

(2013) K.-M. Lin et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Mitochondrial protein mitofusin 2 is required for NLRP3 inflammasome activation after RNA virus infection

(2013) T. Ichinohe et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Cytoplasmic LPS Activates Caspase-11: Implications in TLR4-Independent Endotoxic Shock

(2013) J. A. Hagar et al.   SCIENCE

Noncanonical Inflammasome Activation by Intracellular LPS Independent of TLR4

(2013) N. Kayagaki et al.   SCIENCE

Rift Valley fever virus infection induces activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome

(2013) Megan E. Ermler et al.   VIROLOGY

TRPM2 links oxidative stress to NLRP3 inflammasome activation

(2013) Zhenyu Zhong et al.   Nature Communications

Cellular localization of NLRP3 inflammasome

(2013) Yan Wang et al.   Protein & Cell

Cell Volume Regulation Modulates NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation

(2012) Vincent Compan et al.   IMMUNITY

The NLRP12 Inflammasome Recognizes Yersinia pestis

(2012) Gregory I. Vladimer et al.   IMMUNITY

An NLRP7-Containing Inflammasome Mediates Recognition of Microbial Lipopeptides in Human Macrophages

(2012) Sonal Khare et al.   IMMUNITY

Oxidized Mitochondrial DNA Activates the NLRP3 Inflammasome during Apoptosis

(2012) Kenichi Shimada et al.   IMMUNITY

Acute lipopolysaccharide priming boosts inflammasome activation independently of inflammasome sensor induction

(2012) Kate Schroder et al.   IMMUNOBIOLOGY

Multiple Binding Sites on the Pyrin Domain of ASC Protein Allow Self-association and Interaction with NLRP3 Protein

(2012) Parimala R. Vajjhala et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

Non-transcriptional Priming and Deubiquitination Regulate NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation

(2012) Christine Juliana et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

Deubiquitinases Regulate the Activity of Caspase-1 and Interleukin-1β Secretion via Assembly of the Inflammasome

(2012) Gloria Lopez-Castejon et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

Cutting Edge: Nitric Oxide Inhibits the NLRP3 Inflammasome

(2012) E. Hernandez-Cuellar et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

TLR Agonists Stimulate Nlrp3-Dependent IL-1  Production Independently of the Purinergic P2X7 Receptor in Dendritic Cells and In Vivo

(2012) Y. He et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Deubiquitination of NLRP3 by BRCC3 Critically Regulates Inflammasome Activity

(2012) Bénédicte F. Py et al.   MOLECULAR CELL

Caspase-11 increases susceptibility to Salmonella infection in the absence of caspase-1

(2012) Petr Broz et al.   NATURE

Novel role of PKR in inflammasome activation and HMGB1 release

(2012) Ben Lu et al.   NATURE

The calcium-sensing receptor regulates the NLRP3 inflammasome through Ca2+ and cAMP

(2012) Geun-Shik Lee et al.   NATURE

Nitric oxide controls the immunopathology of tuberculosis by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome–dependent processing of IL-1β

(2012) Bibhuti B Mishra et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

Critical role for calcium mobilization in activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome

(2012) T. Murakami et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

GBP5 Promotes NLRP3 Inflammasome Assembly and Immunity in Mammals

(2012) A. R. Shenoy et al.   SCIENCE

NLRP6 Inflammasome Regulates Colonic Microbial Ecology and Risk for Colitis

(2011) Eran Elinav et al.   CELL

IFI16 Acts as a Nuclear Pathogen Sensor to Induce the Inflammasome in Response to Kaposi Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Infection

(2011) Nagaraj Kerur et al.   Cell Host & Microbe

The NLRP3 inflammasome in health and disease: the good, the bad and the ugly

(2011) P. Menu et al.   CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL IMMUNOLOGY

Cutting Edge: Reactive Oxygen Species Inhibitors Block Priming, but Not Activation, of the NLRP3 Inflammasome

(2011) F. Bauernfeind et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Non-canonical inflammasome activation targets caspase-11

(2011) Nobuhiko Kayagaki et al.   NATURE

The Inflammasomes: Molecular Effectors of Host Resistance Against Bacterial, Viral, Parasitic, and Fungal Infections

(2011) Alexander Skeldon et al.   Frontiers in Microbiology

Human NLRP3 inflammasome activation is Nox1-4 independent

(2010) R. van Bruggen et al.   BLOOD

Pattern Recognition Receptors and Inflammation

(2010) Osamu Takeuchi et al.   CELL

Nlrp3: An immune sensor of cellular stress and infection

(2010) Mohamed Lamkanfi et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY & CELL BIOLOGY

Sodium Overload and Water Influx Activate the NALP3 Inflammasome

(2010) Christine Schorn et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

Adenovirus Membrane Penetration Activates the NLRP3 Inflammasome

(2010) A. U. Barlan et al.   JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY

A role for mitochondria in NLRP3 inflammasome activation

(2010) Rongbin Zhou et al.   NATURE

NLRP3 inflammasomes are required for atherogenesis and activated by cholesterol crystals

(2010) Peter Duewell et al.   NATURE

Caspase-1-induced pyroptosis is an innate immune effector mechanism against intracellular bacteria

(2010) Edward A Miao et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

Autophagy proteins regulate innate immune responses by inhibiting the release of mitochondrial DNA mediated by the NALP3 inflammasome

(2010) Kiichi Nakahira et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

Activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome by islet amyloid polypeptide provides a mechanism for enhanced IL-1β in type 2 diabetes

(2010) Seth L Masters et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

Nek7 kinase targeting leads to early mortality, cytokinesis disturbance and polyploidy

(2010) H Salem et al.   ONCOGENE

Immunological and Inflammatory Functions of the Interleukin-1 Family

(2009) Charles A. Dinarello   Annual Review of Immunology

The NLRP3 Inflammasome Mediates In Vivo Innate Immunity to Influenza A Virus through Recognition of Viral RNA

(2009) Irving C. Allen et al.   IMMUNITY

A Mutation in the Nlrp3 Gene Causing Inflammasome Hyperactivation Potentiates Th17 Cell-Dominant Immune Responses

(2009) Guangxun Meng et al.   IMMUNITY

The Intracellular Sensor NLRP3 Mediates Key Innate and Healing Responses to Influenza A Virus via the Regulation of Caspase-1

(2009) Paul G. Thomas et al.   IMMUNITY

Cutting Edge: TNF-  Mediates Sensitization to ATP and Silica via the NLRP3 Inflammasome in the Absence of Microbial Stimulation

(2009) L. Franchi et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Cutting Edge: NF- B Activating Pattern Recognition and Cytokine Receptors License NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation by Regulating NLRP3 Expression

(2009) F. G. Bauernfeind et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Cholesterol-dependent cytolysins induce rapid release of mature IL-1β from murine macrophages in a NLRP3 inflammasome and cathepsin B-dependent manner

(2009) Jessica Chu et al.   JOURNAL OF LEUKOCYTE BIOLOGY

Syk kinase signalling couples to the Nlrp3 inflammasome for anti-fungal host defence

(2009) Olaf Gross et al.   NATURE

The inflammasome: a caspase-1-activation platform that regulates immune responses and disease pathogenesis

(2009) Luigi Franchi et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

Thioredoxin-interacting protein links oxidative stress to inflammasome activation

(2009) Rongbin Zhou et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

Malarial Hemozoin Is a Nalp3 Inflammasome Activating Danger Signal

(2009) Catherine Dostert et al.   PLoS One

Differential requirement for the activation of the inflammasome for processing and release of IL-1  in monocytes and macrophages

(2008) M. G. Netea et al.   BLOOD

Function of Nod-like receptors in microbial recognition and host defense

(2008) Luigi Franchi et al.   IMMUNOLOGICAL REVIEWS

Silica crystals and aluminum salts activate the NALP3 inflammasome through phagosomal destabilization

(2008) Veit Hornung et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

The NALP3 inflammasome is involved in the innate immune response to amyloid-β

(2008) Annett Halle et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

The Nalp3 inflammasome is essential for the development of silicosis

(2008) Suzanne L. Cassel et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

ATP is released by monocytes stimulated with pathogen-sensing receptor ligands and induces IL-1  and IL-18 secretion in an autocrine way

(2008) A. Piccini et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Innate Immune Activation Through Nalp3 Inflammasome Sensing of Asbestos and Silica

(2008) C. Dostert et al.   SCIENCE