A review on microrobots driven by optical and magnetic fields

Light-driven microdrones

(2022) Xiaofei Wu et al.   Nature Nanotechnology

Bubble-based microrobots enable digital assembly of heterogeneous microtissue modules

(2022) Zhixing Ge et al.   Biofabrication

High shear rate propulsion of acoustic microrobots in complex biological fluids

(2022) Amirreza Aghakhani et al.   Science Advances

Milli-scale cellular robots that can reconfigure morphologies and behaviors simultaneously

(2022) Xiong Yang et al.   Nature Communications

Independent Control Strategy of Multiple Magnetic Flexible Millirobots for Position Control and Path Following

(2022) Tiantian Xu et al.   IEEE Transactions on Robotics

Multimodal Locomotion Control of Needle-Like Microrobots Assembled by Ferromagnetic Nanoparticles

(2022) Tiantian Xu et al.   IEEE-ASME TRANSACTIONS ON MECHATRONICS

Ionic shape-morphing microrobotic end-effectors for environmentally adaptive targeting, releasing, and sampling

(2021) Zhiqiang Zheng et al.   Nature Communications

Ultrasound Doppler-guided real-time navigation of a magnetic microswarm for active endovascular delivery

(2021) Qianqian Wang et al.   Science Advances

Dual-responsive biohybrid neutrobots for active target delivery

(2021) Hongyue Zhang et al.   Science Robotics

Tiny robots make big advances

(2021) Peer Fischer et al.   Science Robotics

A Magnetic Continuum Robot With Multi-Mode Control Using Opposite-Magnetized Magnets

(2021) Daojing Lin et al.   IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters

Three-dimensional electronic microfliers inspired by wind-dispersed seeds

(2021) Bong Hoon Kim et al.   NATURE

Self-adaptive and efficient propulsion of Ray sperms at different viscosities enabled by heterogeneous dual helixes

(2021) Panbing Wang et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Bispecific antibodies targeting distinct regions of the spike protein potently neutralize SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern

(2021) Hyeseon Cho et al.   Science Translational Medicine

Integrated Assembly and Photopreservation of Topographical Micropatterns (Small 37/2021)

(2021) Shuailong Zhang et al.   Small

Integrated Assembly and Photopreservation of Topographical Micropatterns

(2021) Shuailong Zhang et al.   Small

Reconfigurable multi-component micromachines driven by optoelectronic tweezers

(2021) Shuailong Zhang et al.   Nature Communications

Heat-Mediated Optical Manipulation

(2021) Zhihan Chen et al.   CHEMICAL REVIEWS

Influence of light pattern thickness on the manipulation of dielectric microparticles by optoelectronic tweezers

(2021) Shuailong Zhang et al.   Photonics Research

A Learning-Based Stable Servo Control Strategy Using Broad Learning System Applied for Microrobotic Control

(2021) Sheng Xu et al.   IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics

Photosynthetic Biohybrid Nanoswimmers System to Alleviate Tumor Hypoxia for FL/PA/MR Imaging‐Guided Enhanced Radio‐Photodynamic Synergetic Therapy

(2020) Danni Zhong et al.   ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS

Microrobots in Brewery: Dual Magnetic/Light‐Powered Hybrid Microrobots for Preventing Microbial Contamination in Beer

(2020) Katherine Villa et al.   CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL

Controlling two-dimensional collective formation and cooperative behavior of magnetic microrobot swarms

(2020) Xiaoguang Dong et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROBOTICS RESEARCH

Acoustically powered surface-slipping mobile microrobots

(2020) Amirreza Aghakhani et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

A review of magnetic actuation systems and magnetically actuated guidewire- and catheter-based microrobots for vascular interventions

(2020) Junsun Hwang et al.   Intelligent Service Robotics

Programmable droplet manipulation by a magnetic-actuated robot

(2020) An Li et al.   Science Advances

Controllable Cellular Micromotors Based on Optical Tweezers

(2020) Xiaobin Zou et al.   ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS

Directly test individual T cell function with fewer cells on the berkeley lights lightning™ platform

(2020) Y. Bronevetsky   CYTOTHERAPY

Untethered Grippers for Active Single Cell Biopsy

(2020) Qianru Jin et al.   NANO LETTERS

Micro-rocket robot with all-optic actuating and tracking in blood

(2020) Dengfeng Li et al.   Light-Science & Applications

Multi-field-coupling energy conversion for flexible manipulation of graphene-based soft robots

(2020) Bing Han et al.   Nano Energy

Multifunctional surface microrollers for targeted cargo delivery in physiological blood flow

(2020) Yunus Alapan et al.   Science Robotics

Rapid isolation and profiling of a diverse panel of human monoclonal antibodies targeting the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein

(2020) Seth J. Zost et al.   NATURE MEDICINE

Medical Imaging of Microrobots: Toward In Vivo Applications

(2020) Azaam Aziz et al.   ACS Nano

Optically Controlled Living Micromotors for the Manipulation and Disruption of Biological Targets

(2020) Hongbao Xin et al.   NANO LETTERS

Electronically integrated, mass-manufactured, microscopic robots

(2020) Marc Z. Miskin et al.   NATURE

Development of Magnet‐Driven and Image‐Guided Degradable Microrobots for the Precise Delivery of Engineered Stem Cells for Cancer Therapy

(2020) Tanyong Wei et al.   Small

Integrated Assembly and Flexible Movement of Microparts Using Multifunctional Bubble Microrobots

(2020) Liguo Dai et al.   ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

Sequential Magneto‐Actuated and Optics‐Triggered Biomicrorobots for Targeted Cancer Therapy

(2020) Jiehua Xing et al.   ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS

Magnetic Actuation Methods in Bio/Soft Robotics

(2020) Nafiseh Ebrahimi et al.   ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS

An agglutinate magnetic spray transforms inanimate objects into millirobots for biomedical applications

(2020) Xiong Yang et al.   Science Robotics

Facile Fabrication of Magnetic Microrobots Based on Spirulina Templates for Targeted Delivery and Synergistic Chemo-Photothermal Therapy

(2019) Xu Wang et al.   ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

An Untethered Magnetic- and Light-Responsive Rotary Gripper: Shedding Light on Photoresponsive Liquid Crystal Actuators

(2019) Marina Pilz da Cunha et al.   Advanced Optical Materials

Indirect optical trapping using light driven micro-rotors for reconfigurable hydrodynamic manipulation

(2019) Unė G. Būtaitė et al.   Nature Communications

Strategies for Optical Trapping in Biological Samples: Aiming at Microrobotic Surgeons

(2019) Ada-Ioana Bunea et al.   Laser & Photonics Reviews

Light-Driven Self-Healing of Nanoparticle-Based Metamolecules

(2019) Fan Nan et al.   ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION

Mimicking the Structure and Function of Ant Bridges in a Reconfigurable Microswarm for Electronic Applications

(2019) Dongdong Jin et al.   ACS Nano

MOFBOTS: Metal–Organic‐Framework‐Based Biomedical Microrobots

(2019) Xiaopu Wang et al.   ADVANCED MATERIALS

Light‐Controlled Micromotors and Soft Microrobots

(2019) Stefano Palagi et al.   Advanced Optical Materials

Magnetically Actuated Heterogeneous Microcapsule-Robot for the Construction of 3D Bioartificial Architectures

(2019) Yang Liu et al.   ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

Programmable Generation and Motion Control of a Snakelike Magnetic Microrobot Swarm

(2019) Hui Xie et al.   IEEE-ASME TRANSACTIONS ON MECHATRONICS

Shape-encoded dynamic assembly of mobile micromachines

(2019) Yunus Alapan et al.   NATURE MATERIALS

The optoelectronic microrobot: A versatile toolbox for micromanipulation

(2019) Shuailong Zhang et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Tunable self-healing of magnetically propelling colloidal carpets

(2019) Helena Massana-Cid et al.   Nature Communications

Multi-functional soft-bodied jellyfish-like swimming

(2019) Ziyu Ren et al.   Nature Communications

Magnetically Actuated Degradable Microrobots for Actively Controlled Drug Release and Hyperthermia Therapy

(2019) Jongeon Park et al.   Advanced Healthcare Materials

Single-cell biomagnifier for optical nanoscopes and nanotweezers

(2019) Yuchao Li et al.   Light-Science & Applications

Magnetically actuated microrobots as a platform for stem cell transplantation

(2019) Sungwoong Jeon et al.   Science Robotics

Millimeter-scale flexible robots with programmable three-dimensional magnetization and motions

(2019) Tianqi Xu et al.   Science Robotics

2D to 3D Manipulation and Assembly of Microstructures Using Optothermally Generated Surface Bubble Microrobots

(2019) Liguo Dai et al.   Small

Assuring Clonality on the Beacon Digital Cell Line Development Platform

(2019) Kim Le et al.   Biotechnology Journal

Magnetically Actuated SiCN‐Based Ceramic Microrobot for Guided Cell Delivery

(2019) Ki‐Won Gyak et al.   Advanced Healthcare Materials

Image-Based Visual Servoing of Helical Microswimmers for Planar Path Following

(2019) Tiantian Xu et al.   IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering

Gradient-Enhanced Electromagnetic Actuation System With a New Core Shape Design for Microrobot Manipulation

(2019) Dongfang Li et al.   IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS

Electric-Field-Guided Precision Manipulation of Catalytic Nanomotors for Cargo Delivery and Powering Nanoelectromechanical Devices

(2018) Jianhe Guo et al.   ACS Nano

Reconfigurable Swarms of Ferromagnetic Colloids for Enhanced Local Hyperthermia

(2018) Ben Wang et al.   ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS

Janus Microdimer Surface Walkers Propelled by Oscillating Magnetic Fields

(2018) Tianlong Li et al.   ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS

Supercolloidal Spinners: Complex Active Particles for Electrically Powered and Switchable Rotation

(2018) Charles Wyatt Shields et al.   ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS

A Novel Mammalian Cell Line Development Platform utilizing Nanofluidics and OptoElectro Positioning (OEP) technology

(2018) Kim Le et al.   BIOTECHNOLOGY PROGRESS

Flexible Instruments for Endovascular Interventions: Improved Magnetic Steering, Actuation, and Image-Guided Surgical Instruments

(2018) Christoff Heunis et al.   IEEE ROBOTICS & AUTOMATION MAGAZINE

A Three-Dimensional Magnetic Tweezer System for Intraembryonic Navigation and Measurement

(2018) Xian Wang et al.   IEEE Transactions on Robotics

Pattern generation and motion control of a vortex-like paramagnetic nanoparticle swarm

(2018) Jiangfan Yu et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROBOTICS RESEARCH

Macro–micromanipulation platform for inner ear drug delivery

(2018) W. Amokrane et al.   ROBOTICS AND AUTONOMOUS SYSTEMS

A Capsule-Type Microrobot with Pick-and-Drop Motion for Targeted Drug and Cell Delivery

(2018) Seungmin Lee et al.   Advanced Healthcare Materials

Bioinspired microrobots

(2018) Stefano Palagi et al.   Nature Reviews Materials

Dissipative Self-Assembly of Anisotropic Nanoparticle Chains with Combined Electrodynamic and Electrostatic Interactions

(2018) Fan Nan et al.   ADVANCED MATERIALS

Small-scale soft-bodied robot with multimodal locomotion

(2018) Wenqi Hu et al.   NATURE

A bioinspired multilegged soft millirobot that functions in both dry and wet conditions

(2018) Haojian Lu et al.   Nature Communications

Ultra-extensible ribbon-like magnetic microswarm

(2018) Jiangfan Yu et al.   Nature Communications

An optical reaction micro-turbine

(2018) Silvio Bianchi et al.   Nature Communications

Two-Dimensional Robust Magnetic Resonance Navigation of a Ferromagnetic Microrobot Using Pareto Optimality

(2017) David Folio et al.   IEEE Transactions on Robotics

Acoustic actuation of bioinspired microswimmers

(2017) Murat Kaynak et al.   LAB ON A CHIP

Mobile microrobots for bioengineering applications

(2017) Hakan Ceylan et al.   LAB ON A CHIP

Magnetically guided capsule endoscopy

(2017) Naveen Shamsudhin et al.   MEDICAL PHYSICS

Neutrophil-inspired propulsion in a combined acoustic and magnetic field

(2017) Daniel Ahmed et al.   Nature Communications

Laser-Printing and 3D Optical-Control of Untethered Microrobots

(2017) Ebubekir Avci et al.   Advanced Optical Materials

Dynamic and programmable self-assembly of micro-rafts at the air-water interface

(2017) Wendong Wang et al.   Science Advances

Optical screw-wrench for microassembly

(2017) Jannis Köhler et al.   Microsystems & Nanoengineering

Acoustofluidic actuation of in situ fabricated microrotors

(2016) Murat Kaynak et al.   LAB ON A CHIP

Photocontrol of fluid slugs in liquid crystal polymer microactuators

(2016) Jiu-an Lv et al.   NATURE

Structured light enables biomimetic swimming and versatile locomotion of photoresponsive soft microrobots

(2016) Stefano Palagi et al.   NATURE MATERIALS

Shape-programmable magnetic soft matter

(2016) Guo Zhan Lum et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

High-Throughput Fabrication and Modular Assembly of 3D Heterogeneous Microscale Tissues

(2016) Wenguang Yang et al.   Small

Magnetically Propelled Fish-Like Nanoswimmers

(2016) Tianlong Li et al.   Small

Fabrication and Manipulation of Ciliary Microrobots with Non-reciprocal Magnetic Actuation

(2016) Sangwon Kim et al.   Scientific Reports

Light-driven micro-tool equipped with a syringe function

(2016) Mark Jayson Villangca et al.   Light-Science & Applications

Magnetite Nanostructured Porous Hollow Helical Microswimmers for Targeted Delivery

(2015) Xiaohui Yan et al.   ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS

3D Printed Microtransporters: Compound Micromachines for Spatiotemporally Controlled Delivery of Therapeutic Agents

(2015) Tian-Yun Huang et al.   ADVANCED MATERIALS

Planar Path Following of 3-D Steering Scaled-Up Helical Microswimmers

(2015) Tiantian Xu et al.   IEEE Transactions on Robotics

Six-degree-of-freedom magnetic actuation for wireless microrobotics

(2015) Eric Diller et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROBOTICS RESEARCH

Optical trapping and manipulation of micrometer and submicrometer particles

(2015) Mark Daly et al.   Laser & Photonics Reviews

Transmission of torque at the nanoscale

(2015) Ian Williams et al.   Nature Physics

Micromotors with asymmetric shape that efficiently convert light into work by thermocapillary effects

(2015) Claudio Maggi et al.   Nature Communications

Magnetic Propulsion of Self-Assembled Colloidal Carpets: Efficient Cargo Transport via a Conveyor-Belt Effect

(2015) Fernando Martinez-Pedrero et al.   Physical Review Applied

Superparamagnetic Twist-Type Actuators with Shape-Independent Magnetic Properties and Surface Functionalization for Advanced Biomedical Applications

(2014) Christian Peters et al.   ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS

Electric-Driven Rotation of Silicon Nanowires and Silicon Nanowire Motors

(2014) Xiaobin Xu et al.   ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS

Three-Dimensional Programmable Assembly by Untethered Magnetic Robotic Micro-Grippers

(2014) Eric Diller et al.   ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS

High-Resolution 3D Direct Laser Writing for Liquid-Crystalline Elastomer Microstructures

(2014) Hao Zeng et al.   ADVANCED MATERIALS

Optical Tweezers Analysis of DNA–Protein Complexes

(2014) Iddo Heller et al.   CHEMICAL REVIEWS

Dynamic trapping and two-dimensional transport of swimming microorganisms using a rotating magnetic microrobot

(2014) Zhou Ye et al.   LAB ON A CHIP

Shape-induced force fields in optical trapping

(2014) D. B. Phillips et al.   Nature Photonics

Photophoretic trapping of multiple particles in tapered-ring optical field

(2014) Fengrui Liu et al.   OPTICS EXPRESS

Ultrahigh-speed rotating nanoelectromechanical system devices assembled from nanoscale building blocks

(2014) Kwanoh Kim et al.   Nature Communications

Cooperative manipulation and transport of microobjects using multiple helical microcarriers

(2014) Tian-Yun Huang et al.   RSC Advances

Gearing up for optical microrobotics: micromanipulation and actuation of synthetic microstructures by optical forces

(2013) Darwin Palima et al.   Laser & Photonics Reviews

Optically trapped and driven paddle-wheel

(2013) Theodor Asavei et al.   NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS

Magnetic Helical Micromachines: Fabrication, Controlled Swimming, and Cargo Transport

(2012) Soichiro Tottori et al.   ADVANCED MATERIALS

A light-driven turbine-like micro-rotor and study on its light-to-mechanical power conversion efficiency

(2012) Xiao-Feng Lin et al.   APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS

Hydrogel microrobots actuated by optically generated vapour bubbles

(2012) Wenqi Hu et al.   LAB ON A CHIP

Wave-guided optical waveguides

(2012) D. Palima et al.   OPTICS EXPRESS

Hydrodynamic Synchronization of Light Driven Microrotors

(2012) R. Di Leonardo et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS

Holographic optical tweezers and their relevance to lab on chip devices

(2011) Miles Padgett et al.   LAB ON A CHIP

A photon-driven micromotor can direct nerve fibre growth

(2011) Tao Wu et al.   Nature Photonics

Optoelectronic tweezers

(2011) Ming C Wu   Nature Photonics

Observation and simulation of an optically driven micromotor

(2011) N K Metzger et al.   Journal of Optics

OctoMag: An Electromagnetic System for 5-DOF Wireless Micromanipulation

(2010) Michael P. Kummer et al.   IEEE Transactions on Robotics

Artificial bacterial flagella for micromanipulation

(2010) Li Zhang et al.   LAB ON A CHIP

Optoelectrofluidic platforms for chemistry and biology

(2010) Hyundoo Hwang et al.   LAB ON A CHIP

Artificial bacterial flagella: Fabrication and magnetic control

(2009) Li Zhang et al.   APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS

How Should Microrobots Swim?

(2009) Jake J. Abbott et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROBOTICS RESEARCH

Optically driven micropump with a twin spiral microrotor

(2009) Shoji Maruo et al.   OPTICS EXPRESS

Pick-and-Place Using Chemically Actuated Microgrippers

(2008) Jatinder S. Randhawa et al.   JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY

Optical tweezers for single cells

(2008) H. Zhang et al.   Journal of the Royal Society Interface