What are the distinguishing features and size requirements of biomolecular condensates and their implications for RNA-containing condensates?

Quantifying Viscosity and Surface Tension of Multi-Component Protein-Nucleic Acid Condensates

(2021) Ibraheem Alshareedah et al.   BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL

Viscoelasticity of biomolecular condensates conforms to the Jeffreys model

(2021) Huan-Xiang Zhou   JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS

The role of liquid–liquid phase separation in regulating enzyme activity

(2021) Brian G. O'Flynn et al.   CURRENT OPINION IN CELL BIOLOGY

A Simple Explicit-Solvent Model of Polyampholyte Phase Behaviors and Its Ramifications for Dielectric Effects in Biomolecular Condensates

(2021) Jonas Wessén et al.   JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B

Biomolecular condensates amplify mRNA decapping by biasing enzyme conformation

(2021) Ryan W. Tibble et al.   Nature Chemical Biology

Mechanistic dissection of increased enzymatic rate in a phase-separated compartment

(2021) William Peeples et al.   Nature Chemical Biology

Interaction hot spots for phase separation revealed by NMR studies of a CAPRIN1 condensed phase

(2021) Tae Hun Kim et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Regulation of biomolecular condensates by interfacial protein clusters

(2021) Andrew W. Folkmann et al.   SCIENCE

Protein-based condensation mechanisms drive the assembly of RNA-rich P granules

(2021) Helen Schmidt et al.   eLife

Nucleation landscape of biomolecular condensates

(2021) Shunsuke F. Shimobayashi et al.   NATURE

A Guide to Regulation of the Formation of Biomolecular Condensates

(2020) Anna Bratek‐Skicki et al.   FEBS Journal

Valence and patterning of aromatic residues determine the phase behavior of prion-like domains

(2020) Erik W. Martin et al.   SCIENCE

Recruitment of mRNAs to P granules by condensation with intrinsically-disordered proteins

(2020) Chih-Yung S Lee et al.   eLife

Competing Protein-RNA Interaction Networks Control Multiphase Intracellular Organization

(2020) David W. Sanders et al.   CELL

G3BP1 Is a Tunable Switch that Triggers Phase Separation to Assemble Stress Granules

(2020) Peiguo Yang et al.   CELL

RNA-Induced Conformational Switching and Clustering of G3BP Drive Stress Granule Assembly by Condensation

(2020) Jordina Guillén-Boixet et al.   CELL

Composition-dependent thermodynamics of intracellular phase separation

(2020) Joshua A. Riback et al.   NATURE

A tudor domain protein, SIMR-1, promotes siRNA production at piRNA-targeted mRNAs in C. elegans

(2020) Kevin I Manage et al.   eLife

Dynamic metastable long-living droplets formed by sticker-spacer proteins

(2020) Srivastav Ranganathan et al.   eLife

Connecting Coil-to-Globule Transitions to Full Phase Diagrams for Intrinsically Disordered Proteins

(2020) Xiangze Zeng et al.   BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL

Partitioning of cancer therapeutics in nuclear condensates

(2020) Isaac A. Klein et al.   SCIENCE

Phase Transitions by an Abundant Protein in the Anammox Extracellular Matrix Mediate Cell-to-Cell Aggregation and Biofilm Formation

(2020) Thomas Seviour et al.   mBio

Phase Separation as a Missing Mechanism for Interpretation of Disease Mutations

(2020) Brian Tsang et al.   CELL

Spatiotemporal Proteomic Analysis of Stress Granule Disassembly Using APEX Reveals Regulation by SUMOylation and Links to ALS Pathogenesis

(2020) Hagai Marmor-Kollet et al.   MOLECULAR CELL

Gene regulation by long non-coding RNAs and its biological functions

(2020) Luisa Statello et al.   NATURE REVIEWS MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY

Splicing at the phase-separated nuclear speckle interface: a model

(2020) Susan E Liao et al.   NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH

Widespread occurrence of the droplet state of proteins in the human proteome

(2020) Maarten Hardenberg et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Pat1 promotes processing body assembly by enhancing the phase separation of the DEAD-box ATPase Dhh1 and RNA

(2019) Ruchika Sachdev et al.   eLife

Phosphoregulated FMRP phase separation models activity-dependent translation through bidirectional control of mRNA granule formation

(2019) Brian Tsang et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Considerations and Challenges in Studying Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation and Biomolecular Condensates

(2019) Simon Alberti et al.   CELL

m6A enhances the phase separation potential of mRNA

(2019) Ryan J. Ries et al.   NATURE

RNA is a critical element for the sizing and the composition of phase-separated RNA–protein condensates

(2019) Marina Garcia-Jove Navarro et al.   Nature Communications

A composition-dependent molecular clutch between T cell signaling condensates and actin

(2019) Jonathon A Ditlev et al.   eLife

Small Nucleolar RNAs: Insight Into Their Function in Cancer

(2019) Junnan Liang et al.   Frontiers in Oncology

Pol II phosphorylation regulates a switch between transcriptional and splicing condensates

(2019) Yang Eric Guo et al.   NATURE

Phospho-dependent phase separation of FMRP and CAPRIN1 recapitulates regulation of translation and deadenylation

(2019) Tae Hun Kim et al.   SCIENCE

Evaluating phase separation in live cells: diagnosis, caveats, and functional consequences

(2019) David T. McSwiggen et al.   GENES & DEVELOPMENT

Passing Through

(2019) Steven L. McKnight   TRENDS IN BIOCHEMICAL SCIENCES

Collapse Transitions of Proteins and the Interplay Among Backbone, Sidechain, and Solvent Interactions

(2018) Alex S. Holehouse et al.   Annual Review of Biophysics

Phase Transitions in the Assembly and Function of Human miRISC

(2018) Jessica Sheu-Gruttadauria et al.   CELL

A Molecular Grammar Governing the Driving Forces for Phase Separation of Prion-like RNA Binding Proteins

(2018) Jie Wang et al.   CELL

mTORC1 Controls Phase Separation and the Biophysical Properties of the Cytoplasm by Tuning Crowding

(2018) M. Delarue et al.   CELL

RNA Structural Dynamics As Captured by Molecular Simulations: A Comprehensive Overview

(2018) Jiří Šponer et al.   CHEMICAL REVIEWS

Tau protein liquid–liquid phase separation can initiate tau aggregation

(2018) Susanne Wegmann et al.   EMBO JOURNAL

Role of Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation in Assembly of Elastin and Other Extracellular Matrix Proteins

(2018) Lisa D. Muiznieks et al.   JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

RNA self-assembly contributes to stress granule formation and defining the stress granule transcriptome

(2018) Briana Van Treeck et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

RNA buffers the phase separation behavior of prion-like RNA binding proteins

(2018) Shovamayee Maharana et al.   SCIENCE

mRNA structure determines specificity of a polyQ-driven phase separation

(2018) Erin M. Langdon et al.   SCIENCE

Imaging dynamic and selective low-complexity domain interactions that control gene transcription

(2018) Shasha Chong et al.   SCIENCE

Coactivator condensation at super-enhancers links phase separation and gene control

(2018) Benjamin R. Sabari et al.   SCIENCE

Mediator and RNA polymerase II clusters associate in transcription-dependent condensates

(2018) Won-Ki Cho et al.   SCIENCE

Phase separation of a yeast prion protein promotes cellular fitness

(2018) Titus M. Franzmann et al.   SCIENCE

Multivalent Interactions with Fbw7 and Pin1 Facilitate Recognition of c-Jun by the SCF Fbw7 Ubiquitin Ligase

(2018) Veronika Csizmok et al.   STRUCTURE

Who's In and Who's Out—Compositional Control of Biomolecular Condensates

(2018) Jonathon A. Ditlev et al.   JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Phase-separation mechanism for C-terminal hyperphosphorylation of RNA polymerase II

(2018) Huasong Lu et al.   NATURE

Extreme disorder in an ultrahigh-affinity protein complex

(2018) Alessandro Borgia et al.   NATURE

Relation between single-molecule properties and phase behavior of intrinsically disordered proteins

(2018) Gregory L. Dignon et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Antagonistic and cooperative AGO2-PUM interactions in regulating mRNAs

(2018) Erin L. Sternburg et al.   Scientific Reports

Phase transitioned nuclear Oskar promotes cell division of Drosophila primordial germ cells

(2018) Kathryn E Kistler et al.   eLife

Binding Affinity and Function of the Extremely Disordered Protein Complex Containing Human Linker Histone H1.0 and Its Chaperone ProTα

(2018) Hanqiao Feng et al.   BIOCHEMISTRY

Real-time assembly of ribonucleoprotein complexes on nascent RNA transcripts

(2018) Olivier Duss et al.   Nature Communications

Dynamic multifactor hubs interact transiently with sites of active transcription in Drosophila embryos

(2018) Mustafa Mir et al.   eLife

RNA phase transitions in repeat expansion disorders

(2017) Ankur Jain et al.   NATURE

Biomolecular condensates: organizers of cellular biochemistry

(2017) Salman F. Banani et al.   NATURE REVIEWS MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-linked mutations increase the viscosity of liquid-like TDP-43 RNP granules in neurons

(2017) Pallavi P. Gopal et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Cap-binding protein 4EHP effects translation silencing by microRNAs

(2017) Clément Chapat et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Structural and hydrodynamic properties of an intrinsically disordered region of a germ cell-specific protein on phase separation

(2017) Jacob P. Brady et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Multifarious Functions of the Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein

(2017) Jenna K. Davis et al.   TRENDS IN GENETICS

The liquid structure of elastin

(2017) Sarah Rauscher et al.   eLife

Intrinsically disordered linkers determine the interplay between phase separation and gelation in multivalent proteins

(2017) Tyler S Harmon et al.   eLife

Sizes of Long RNA Molecules Are Determined by the Branching Patterns of Their Secondary Structures

(2016) Alexander Borodavka et al.   BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL

Polar Positioning of Phase-Separated Liquid Compartments in Cells Regulated by an mRNA Competition Mechanism

(2016) Shambaditya Saha et al.   CELL

ATPase-Modulated Stress Granules Contain a Diverse Proteome and Substructure

(2016) Saumya Jain et al.   CELL

Coexisting Liquid Phases Underlie Nucleolar Subcompartments

(2016) Marina Feric et al.   CELL

The new (dis)order in RNA regulation

(2016) Aino I. Järvelin et al.   Cell Communication and Signaling

Ki-67 acts as a biological surfactant to disperse mitotic chromosomes

(2016) Sara Cuylen et al.   NATURE

Growth and division of active droplets provides a model for protocells

(2016) David Zwicker et al.   Nature Physics

Phase separation of signaling molecules promotes T cell receptor signal transduction

(2016) Xiaolei Su et al.   SCIENCE

ALS Mutations Disrupt Phase Separation Mediated by α-Helical Structure in the TDP-43 Low-Complexity C-Terminal Domain

(2016) Alexander E. Conicella et al.   STRUCTURE

Transport Selectivity of Nuclear Pores, Phase Separation, and Membraneless Organelles

(2016) H. Broder Schmidt et al.   TRENDS IN BIOCHEMICAL SCIENCES

Spatial patterning of P granules by RNA-induced phase separation of the intrinsically-disordered protein MEG-3

(2016) Jarrett Smith et al.   eLife

Distinct stages in stress granule assembly and disassembly

(2016) Joshua R Wheeler et al.   eLife

Phase Separation by Low Complexity Domains Promotes Stress Granule Assembly and Drives Pathological Fibrillization

(2015) Amandine Molliex et al.   CELL

A Liquid-to-Solid Phase Transition of the ALS Protein FUS Accelerated by Disease Mutation

(2015) Avinash Patel et al.   CELL

RNA Controls PolyQ Protein Phase Transitions

(2015) Huaiying Zhang et al.   MOLECULAR CELL

Formation and Maturation of Phase-Separated Liquid Droplets by RNA-Binding Proteins

(2015) Yuan Lin et al.   MOLECULAR CELL

Phase Transition of a Disordered Nuage Protein Generates Environmentally Responsive Membraneless Organelles

(2015) Timothy J. Nott et al.   MOLECULAR CELL

The disordered P granule protein LAF-1 drives phase separation into droplets with tunable viscosity and dynamics

(2015) Shana Elbaum-Garfinkle et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Mechanistic insight from the crystal structure of mitochondrial complex I

(2015) V. Zickermann et al.   SCIENCE

Non-coding RNA: what is functional and what is junk?

(2015) Alexander F. Palazzo et al.   Frontiers in Genetics

Functional Advantages of Conserved Intrinsic Disorder in RNA-Binding Proteins

(2015) Mihaly Varadi et al.   PLoS One

Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein Regulates Translation by Binding Directly to the Ribosome

(2014) Eileen Chen et al.   MOLECULAR CELL

Phosphorylation-Regulated Binding of RNA Polymerase II to Fibrous Polymers of Low-Complexity Domains

(2013) Ilmin Kwon et al.   CELL

Cell-free Formation of RNA Granules: Low Complexity Sequence Domains Form Dynamic Fibers within Hydrogels

(2012) Masato Kato et al.   CELL

Phase transitions in the assembly of multivalent signalling proteins

(2012) Pilong Li et al.   NATURE

Neuronal mRNAs travel singly into dendrites

(2012) M. Batish et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Molecular Mechanisms of Fragile X Syndrome: A Twenty-Year Perspective

(2011) Michael R. Santoro et al.   Annual Review of Pathology-Mechanisms of Disease

GW182 Proteins Directly Recruit Cytoplasmic Deadenylase Complexes to miRNA Targets

(2011) Joerg E. Braun et al.   MOLECULAR CELL

Active liquid-like behavior of nucleoli determines their size and shape in Xenopus laevis oocytes

(2011) C. P. Brangwynne et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Visualizing large RNA molecules in solution

(2011) A. Gopal et al.   RNA

Phase Separation in Lipid Membranes

(2011) F. A. Heberle et al.   Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology

Regulation of Synaptic Structure and Function by FMRP-Associated MicroRNAs miR-125b and miR-132

(2010) Dieter Edbauer et al.   NEURON

Structural basis of microRNA length variety

(2010) Julia Starega-Roslan et al.   NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH

Size and Shape of Protein Molecules at the Nanometer Level Determined by Sedimentation, Gel Filtration, and Electron Microscopy

(2009) Harold P. Erickson   BIOLOGICAL PROCEDURES ONLINE

An Architectural Role for a Nuclear Noncoding RNA: NEAT1 RNA Is Essential for the Structure of Paraspeckles

(2009) Christine M. Clemson et al.   MOLECULAR CELL

Germline P Granules Are Liquid Droplets That Localize by Controlled Dissolution/Condensation

(2009) C. P. Brangwynne et al.   SCIENCE

Predicting the sizes of large RNA molecules

(2008) A. M. Yoffe et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Diverse RNA-Binding Proteins Interact with Functionally Related Sets of RNAs, Suggesting an Extensive Regulatory System

(2008) Daniel J Hogan et al.   PLOS BIOLOGY