The Glymphatic System: A Novel Therapeutic Target for Stroke Treatment

The Involvement of Aquaporin-4 in the Interstitial Fluid Drainage Impairment Following Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

(2021) E. Liu et al.   Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience

Developmental Dysfunction of the Central Nervous System Lymphatics Modulates the Adaptive Neuro-Immune Response in the Perilesional Cortex in a Mouse Model of Traumatic Brain Injury

(2021) Sara Wojciechowski et al.   Frontiers in Immunology

miR-7-5p Affects Brain Edema After Intracerebral Hemorrhage and Its Possible Mechanism

(2021) Xiqian Chen et al.   Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology

Meningeal lymphatics prime tumor immunity in glioblastoma

(2021) Maya S. Graham et al.   CANCER CELL

Imaging Markers of Brain Frailty and Outcome in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke

(2021) Ning Bu et al.   STROKE

The role of glymphatic system in the cerebral edema formation after ischemic stroke

(2021) Caihong Ji et al.   EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY

Impairment of the Glymphatic Pathway and Putative Meningeal Lymphatic Vessels in the Aging Human

(2020) Ying Zhou et al.   ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY

VEGF-C-driven lymphatic drainage enables immunosurveillance of brain tumours

(2020) Eric Song et al.   NATURE

Perivascular spaces in the brain: anatomy, physiology and pathology

(2020) Joanna M. Wardlaw et al.   Nature Reviews Neurology

Cerebrospinal fluid influx drives acute ischemic tissue swelling

(2020) Humberto Mestre et al.   SCIENCE

Meningeal Immunity and Its Function in Maintenance of the Central Nervous System in Health and Disease

(2020) Kalil Alves de Lima et al.   Annual Review of Immunology

Impaired glymphatic system in secondary degeneration areas after ischemic stroke in rats

(2020) Luyi Lin et al.   Journal of Stroke & Cerebrovascular Diseases

Perivascular Unit: This Must Be the Place. The Anatomical Crossroad Between the Immune, Vascular and Nervous System

(2020) Fernanda Troili et al.   Frontiers in Neuroanatomy

Caveolin-1 Regulates Perivascular Aquaporin-4 Expression After Cerebral Ischemia

(2020) Irina Filchenko et al.   Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology

Engineering Brain-Specific Pericytes from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells

(2020) Richard Jeske et al.   TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS

Meningeal lymphatics clear erythrocytes that arise from subarachnoid hemorrhage

(2020) Jinman Chen et al.   Nature Communications

Astrocytes and microglia play orchestrated roles and respect phagocytic territories during neuronal corpse removal in vivo

(2020) Eyiyemisi C. Damisah et al.   Science Advances

Noninvasive Characterization of Human Glymphatics and Meningeal Lymphatics in an in vivo Model of Blood–Brain Barrier Leakage

(2020) Chia‐Hung Wu et al.   ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY

The effects of microglia‐ and astrocyte‐derived factors on neurogenesis in health and disease

(2020) Tasuku Araki et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE

Characterization of Tauopathy in a Rat Model of Post-Stroke Dementia Combining Acute Infarct and Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion

(2020) Dong Bin Back et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES

MRI-visible enlarged perivascular spaces

(2020) Nicolas Raposo et al.   NEUROLOGY

Association of enlarged perivascular spaces and anticoagulant-related intracranial hemorrhage

(2020) Jonathan G. Best et al.   NEUROLOGY

Neurofilament light predicts neurological outcome after subarachnoid haemorrhage

(2020) Patrick Garland et al.   BRAIN

The sleep-wake cycle regulates brain interstitial fluid tau in mice and CSF tau in humans

(2019) Jerrah K. Holth et al.   SCIENCE

The Astrocytic cAMP Pathway in Health and Disease

(2019) Zhiwen Zhou et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES

Disturbance of Intracerebral Fluid Clearance and Blood–Brain Barrier in Vascular Cognitive Impairment

(2019) Masaki Ueno et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES

When the air hits your brain: decreased arterial pulsatility after craniectomy leading to impaired glymphatic flow

(2019) Benjamin A. Plog et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY

The relationship between blood–brain barrier permeability and enlarged perivascular spaces: a cross-sectional study

(2019) Yue Li et al.   Clinical Interventions in Aging

D-Serine: Potential Therapeutic Agent and/or Biomarker in Schizophrenia and Depression?

(2019) Mary-Anne B. MacKay et al.   Frontiers in Psychiatry

Dexmedetomidine enhances glymphatic brain delivery of intrathecally administered drugs

(2019) Tuomas O. Lilius et al.   JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE

High dilated perivascular space burden: a new MRI-marker for risk of intracerebral hemorrhage

(2019) Marie-Gabrielle Duperron et al.   NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING

The Movement of Cerebrospinal Fluid and Its Relationship with Substances Behavior in Cerebrospinal and Interstitial Fluid

(2019) Marijan Klarica et al.   NEUROSCIENCE

Brain-to-cervical lymph node signaling after stroke

(2019) Elga Esposito et al.   Nature Communications

Nrf2 Plays an Essential Role in Long-Term Brain Damage and Neuroprotection of Korean Red Ginseng in a Permanent Cerebral Ischemia Model

(2019) Lei Liu et al.   Antioxidants

Global Burden of Small Vessel Disease–Related Brain Changes on MRI Predicts Cognitive and Functional Decline

(2019) Hanna Jokinen et al.   STROKE

Selective mGluR1 Negative Allosteric Modulator Reduces Blood–Brain Barrier Permeability and Cerebral Edema After Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

(2019) Cheng Zhang et al.   Translational Stroke Research

The Glymphatic System in Central Nervous System Health and Disease: Past, Present, and Future

(2018) Benjamin A. Plog et al.   Annual Review of Pathology-Mechanisms of Disease

Hippocampal interleukin-1 mediates stress-enhanced fear learning: A potential role for astrocyte-derived interleukin-1β

(2018) Meghan E. Jones et al.   BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY

The role of aquaporin-4 in synaptic plasticity, memory and disease

(2018) Jacqueline A. Hubbard et al.   BRAIN RESEARCH BULLETIN

Understanding the role of the perivascular space in cerebral small vessel disease

(2018) Rosalind Brown et al.   CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH

The “glymphatic” mechanism for solute clearance in Alzheimer’s disease: game changer or unproven speculation?

(2018) Alex J. Smith et al.   FASEB JOURNAL

The Glymphatic System and Waste Clearance with Brain Aging: A Review

(2018) Helene Benveniste et al.   GERONTOLOGY

Salvinorin A ameliorates cerebral vasospasm through activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in a rat model of subarachnoid hemorrhage

(2018) Juan Sun et al.   MICROCIRCULATION

Immunotherapy in CNS cancers: the role of immune cell trafficking

(2018) Nivedita M Ratnam et al.   NEURO-ONCOLOGY

Glial scars are permeable to the neurotoxic environment of chronic stroke infarcts

(2018) Jacob C. Zbesko et al.   NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE

APOE4 Causes Widespread Molecular and Cellular Alterations Associated with Alzheimer’s Disease Phenotypes in Human iPSC-Derived Brain Cell Types

(2018) Yuan-Ta Lin et al.   NEURON

Glial function (and dysfunction) in the normal & ischemic brain

(2018) Shino D. Magaki et al.   NEUROPHARMACOLOGY

β-Amyloid accumulation in the human brain after one night of sleep deprivation

(2018) Ehsan Shokri-Kojori et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Amyloid clearance defect in ApoE4 astrocytes is reversed by epigenetic correction of endosomal pH

(2018) Hari Prasad et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Hippocampal Atrophy Following Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Correlates with Disruption of Astrocyte Morphology and Capillary Coverage by AQP4

(2018) Maryam Anzabi et al.   Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience

Effects of traumatic brain injury on sleep and enlarged perivascular spaces

(2018) Ryan A Opel et al.   JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM

Astroglial water channel aquaporin 4-mediated glymphatic clearance function: A determined factor for time-sensitive treatment of aerobic exercise in patients with Alzheimer’s disease

(2018) Mengmei Yin et al.   MEDICAL HYPOTHESES

Loss of Regulator of G-Protein Signaling 5 Leads to Neurovascular Protection in Stroke

(2018) Ilknur Özen et al.   STROKE

Targeted Assessment of Enlargement of the Perivascular Space in Alzheimer’s Disease and Vascular Dementia Subtypes Implicates Astroglial Involvement Specific to Alzheimer’s Disease

(2018) Erin L. Boespflug et al.   JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE

3D regression neural network for the quantification of enlarged perivascular spaces in brain MRI

(2018) Florian Dubost et al.   MEDICAL IMAGE ANALYSIS

Blood-Brain Barrier: From Physiology to Disease and Back

(2018) Melanie D. Sweeney et al.   PHYSIOLOGICAL REVIEWS

Aquaporin-4-dependent glymphatic solute transport in the rodent brain

(2018) Humberto Mestre et al.   eLife

APOE ε4/ε4 diminishes neurotrophic function of human iPSC-derived astrocytes

(2017) Jing Zhao et al.   HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS

Inhibition of Aquaporin-4 Improves the Outcome of Ischaemic Stroke and Modulates Brain Paravascular Drainage Pathways

(2017) Ionica Pirici et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES

Molecular characterization of perivascular drainage pathways in the murine brain

(2017) Melanie-Jane Hannocks et al.   JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM

Paravascular spaces at the brain surface: Low resistance pathways for cerebrospinal fluid flow

(2017) Beatrice Bedussi et al.   JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM

Subarachnoid hemorrhage – Induced block of cerebrospinal fluid flow: Role of brain coagulation factor III (tissue factor)

(2017) Eugene V Golanov et al.   JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM

Development and plasticity of meningeal lymphatic vessels

(2017) Salli Antila et al.   JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE

Focal Solute Trapping and Global Glymphatic Pathway Impairment in a Murine Model of Multiple Microinfarcts

(2017) Minghuan Wang et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE

Cerebrospinal Fluid Clearance in Alzheimer Disease Measured with Dynamic PET

(2017) Mony J. de Leon et al.   JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE

Intrathecal antibody distribution in the rat brain: surface diffusion, perivascular transport and osmotic enhancement of delivery

(2017) Michelle E. Pizzo et al.   JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON

Alterations in AQP4 expression and polarization in the course of motor neuron degeneration in SOD1G93A mice

(2017) Jiaying Dai et al.   Molecular Medicine Reports

Neurotoxic reactive astrocytes are induced by activated microglia

(2017) Shane A. Liddelow et al.   NATURE

White matter damage and glymphatic dysfunction in a model of vascular dementia in rats with no prior vascular pathologies

(2017) Poornima Venkat et al.   NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING

Brain hemorrhage recurrence, small vessel disease type, and cerebral microbleeds

(2017) Andreas Charidimou et al.   NEUROLOGY

Orexin activation counteracts decreases in nonexercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT) caused by high-fat diet

(2017) P.E. Bunney et al.   PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Severely Impairs Brain Parenchymal Cerebrospinal Fluid Circulation in Nonhuman Primate

(2017) Romain Goulay et al.   STROKE

Have Stroke Neurologists Entered the Arena of Stroke-Related Cognitive Dysfunctions?

(2017) Leonardo Pantoni   STROKE

Test of the 'glymphatic' hypothesis demonstrates diffusive and aquaporin-4-independent solute transport in rodent brain parenchyma

(2017) Alex J Smith et al.   eLife

Retinoic acid receptor agonist Am80 inhibits CXCL2 production from microglial BV-2 cells via attenuation of NF-κB signaling

(2016) Yuichiro Takaoka et al.   INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY

Improved long-term outcome after transient cerebral ischemia in aquaporin-4 knockout mice

(2016) Lorenz Hirt et al.   JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM

Astrocytes mediate neurovascular signaling to capillary pericytes but not to arterioles

(2016) Anusha Mishra et al.   NATURE NEUROSCIENCE

Pericytes of the neurovascular unit: key functions and signaling pathways

(2016) Melanie D Sweeney et al.   NATURE NEUROSCIENCE

Lymphatics in Neurological Disorders: A Neuro-Lympho-Vascular Component of Multiple Sclerosis and Alzheimer’s Disease?

(2016) Antoine Louveau et al.   NEURON

Beyond neurovascular coupling, role of astrocytes in the regulation of vascular tone

(2016) J.A. Filosa et al.   NEUROSCIENCE

Microglia: Architects of the Developing Nervous System

(2016) Jeffrey L. Frost et al.   TRENDS IN CELL BIOLOGY

Paravascular pathways contribute to vasculitis and neuroinflammation after subarachnoid hemorrhage independently of glymphatic control

(2016) C Luo et al.   Cell Death & Disease

Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion enhances Tau hyperphosphorylation and reduces autophagy in Alzheimer’s disease mice

(2016) Lifeng Qiu et al.   Scientific Reports

Curcumin attenuates brain edema in mice with intracerebral hemorrhage through inhibition of AQP4 and AQP9 expression

(2015) Bao-feng Wang et al.   ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA

Hydrogen sulfide induces neuroprotection against experimental stroke in rats by down-regulation of AQP4 via activating PKC

(2015) Xia Wei et al.   BRAIN RESEARCH

Microglial M1/M2 polarization and metabolic states

(2015) Ruben Orihuela et al.   BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY

Astrocytic IL-6 mediates locomotor activity, exploration, anxiety, learning and social behavior

(2015) Maria Erta et al.   HORMONES AND BEHAVIOR

Aquaporin-4 knockdown ameliorates hypoxic-ischemic cerebral edema in newborn piglets

(2015) Chao Yang et al.   IUBMB LIFE

Accelerated pericyte degeneration and blood–brain barrier breakdown in apolipoprotein E4 carriers with Alzheimer’s disease

(2015) Matthew R Halliday et al.   JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM

Ultra-fast magnetic resonance encephalography of physiological brain activity – Glymphatic pulsation mechanisms?

(2015) Vesa Kiviniemi et al.   JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM

Endothelial LRP1 transports amyloid-β1–42 across the blood-brain barrier

(2015) Steffen E. Storck et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION

A dural lymphatic vascular system that drains brain interstitial fluid and macromolecules

(2015) Aleksanteri Aspelund et al.   JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE

The Effect of Body Posture on Brain Glymphatic Transport

(2015) H. Lee et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE

Structural and functional features of central nervous system lymphatic vessels

(2015) Antoine Louveau et al.   NATURE

Aquaporin-4 gene silencing protects injured neurons after early cerebral infarction

(2015) Hong Lu et al.   Neural Regeneration Research

Aquaporin-4 gene variant independently associated with oedema after intracerebral haemorrhage

(2015) Geoff Appelboom et al.   NEUROLOGICAL RESEARCH

Synaptic Integration of Adult-Born Hippocampal Neurons Is Locally Controlled by Astrocytes

(2015) Sébastien Sultan et al.   NEURON

Reduced brain edema and infarct volume in aquaporin-4 deficient mice after transient focal cerebral ischemia

(2015) Xiaoming Yao et al.   NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS

Loss of AQP4 polarized localization with loss of β-dystroglycan immunoreactivity may induce brain edema following intracerebral hemorrhage

(2015) Guo-Ping Qiu et al.   NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS

Astrocyte Regulation of Blood Flow in the Brain

(2015) Brian A. MacVicar et al.   Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology

Effect of hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning on peri-hemorrhagic focal edema and aquaporin-4 expression

(2015) JINYONG FANG et al.   Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Brain pericytes acquire a microglial phenotype after stroke

(2014) Ilknur Özen et al.   ACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA

The neurovascular unit - concept review

(2014) V. Muoio et al.   Acta Physiologica

Impairment of paravascular clearance pathways in the aging brain

(2014) Benjamin T. Kress et al.   ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY

Erythropoietin protects against hemorrhagic blood–brain barrier disruption through the effects of aquaporin-4

(2014) Heling Chu et al.   LABORATORY INVESTIGATION

Altered Astrocytic Swelling in the Cortex of α-Syntrophin-Negative GFAP/EGFP Mice

(2014) Miroslava Anderova et al.   PLoS One

Impaired Glymphatic Perfusion After Strokes Revealed by Contrast-Enhanced MRI

(2014) Thomas Gaberel et al.   STROKE

Astrocytic laminin regulates pericyte differentiation and maintains blood brain barrier integrity

(2014) Yao Yao et al.   Nature Communications

Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion causes decrease of O-GlcNAcylation, hyperphosphorylation of tau and behavioral deficits in mice

(2014) Yang Zhao et al.   Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience

The low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 and amyloid-β clearance in Alzheimer’s disease

(2014) Takahisa Kanekiyo et al.   Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience

Greatly improved survival and neuroprotection in aquaporin-4-knockout mice following global cerebral ischemia

(2013) Ryuichi Katada et al.   FASEB JOURNAL

Protection of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor to hemorrhagic brain injuries and its involved mechanisms: Effects of vascular endothelial growth factor and aquaporin-4

(2013) H. Chu et al.   NEUROSCIENCE

Protection of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor to Brain Edema Following Intracerebral Hemorrhage and Its Involved Mechanisms: Effect of Aquaporin-4

(2013) Heling Chu et al.   PLoS One

Sleep Drives Metabolite Clearance from the Adult Brain

(2013) L. Xie et al.   SCIENCE

D-serine increases adult hippocampal neurogenesis

(2013) Sebastien Sultan et al.   Frontiers in Neuroscience

AQP4 Knockout Aggravates Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Mice

(2012) Xiao-Ning Zeng et al.   CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics

Microglia are required for astroglial toll-like receptor 4 response and for optimal TLR2 and TLR3 response

(2012) Thomas H. Holm et al.   GLIA

Migration of monocytes after intracerebral injection at entorhinal cortex lesion site

(2012) Miriam Kaminski et al.   JOURNAL OF LEUKOCYTE BIOLOGY

Involvement of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathways in Expression of the Water Channel Protein Aquaporin-4 after Ischemia in Rat Cortical Astrocytes

(2012) Chikako Nito et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA

Apolipoprotein E controls cerebrovascular integrity via cyclophilin A

(2012) Robert D. Bell et al.   NATURE

A Paravascular Pathway Facilitates CSF Flow Through the Brain Parenchyma and the Clearance of Interstitial Solutes, Including Amyloid  

(2012) J. J. Iliff et al.   Science Translational Medicine

Aggravated inflammation and increased expression of cysteinyl leukotriene receptors in the brain after focal cerebral ischemia in AQP4-deficient mice

(2012) Wen-Zhen Shi et al.   Neuroscience Bulletin

Frequency and Location of Dilated Virchow-Robin Spaces in Elderly People: A Population-Based 3D MR Imaging Study

(2011) Y.-C. Zhu et al.   AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEURORADIOLOGY

The role(s) of astrocytes and astrocyte activity in neurometabolism, neurovascular coupling, and the production of functional neuroimaging signals

(2011) Chase R. Figley et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE

Dynamic changes of inflammatory markers in brain after hemorrhagic stroke in humans: A postmortem study

(2010) He Wu et al.   BRAIN RESEARCH

Effects of Aquaporin-4 on edema formation following intracerebral hemorrhage

(2010) Yuping Tang et al.   EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY

The perivascular astroglial sheath provides a complete covering of the brain microvessels: An electron microscopic 3D reconstruction

(2010) Thomas Misje Mathiisen et al.   GLIA

Characterization of the microglial phenotype under specific pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory conditions: Effects of oligomeric and fibrillar amyloid-β

(2009) Alessandro Michelucci et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROIMMUNOLOGY

Neuroscience: Glia — more than just brain glue

(2009) Nicola J. Allen et al.   NATURE

Structure and function of the blood–brain barrier

(2009) N. Joan Abbott et al.   NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE

Interleukin-1beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha are expressed by different subsets of microglia and macrophages after ischemic stroke in mice

(2008) Bettina H Clausen et al.   Journal of Neuroinflammation