Proanthocyanidins of Natural Origin: Molecular Mechanisms and Implications for Lipid Disorder and Aging-Associated Diseases

Proanthocyanidin trimer gallate modulates lipid deposition and fatty acid desaturation in Caenorhabditis elegans

(2017) Yu Nie et al.   FASEB JOURNAL

Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract ameliorates inflammation and adiposity by modulating gut microbiota in high-fat diet mice

(2017) Wen Liu et al.   MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH

Intake of Individual Flavonoids and Risk of Carcinogenesis: Overview of Epidemiological Evidence

(2017) Katrin Sak   NUTRITION AND CANCER-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL

Trimer procyanidin oligomers contribute to the protective effects of cinnamon extracts on pancreatic β-cells in vitro

(2016) Peng Sun et al.   ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA

Grape Seed Procyanidin Extract Mediates Antineoplastic Effects against Lung Cancer via Modulations of Prostacyclin and 15-HETE Eicosanoid Pathways

(2016) J. T. Mao et al.   Cancer Prevention Research

Grape seed procyanidin extract attenuates hypoxic pulmonary hypertension by inhibiting oxidative stress and pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells proliferation

(2016) Haifeng Jin et al.   JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY

Potential mediators linking gut bacteria to metabolic health: a critical view

(2016) Aafke W. F. Janssen et al.   JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON

The PI3K/Akt pathway is involved in procyanidin-mediated suppression of human colorectal cancer cell growth

(2016) Ying Yng Choy et al.   MOLECULAR CARCINOGENESIS

A grape seed procyanidin extract inhibits HDAC activity leading to increased Pparα phosphorylation and target-gene expression

(2016) Laura E. Downing et al.   MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH

Procyanidin Promotes Translocation of Glucose Transporter 4 in Muscle of Mice through Activation of Insulin and AMPK Signaling Pathways

(2016) Yoko Yamashita et al.   PLoS One

Cardioprotective properties of grape seed proanthocyanidins: An update

(2016) M. Antónia Nunes et al.   TRENDS IN FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Flavan-3-ols consumption and cancer risk: a meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies

(2016) Lei Lei et al.   Oncotarget

Dietary proanthocyanidins boost hepatic NAD+ metabolism and SIRT1 expression and activity in a dose-dependent manner in healthy rats

(2016) Gerard Aragonès et al.   Scientific Reports

Impact of the gut microbiota on inflammation, obesity, and metabolic disease

(2016) Claire L. Boulangé et al.   Genome Medicine

Grape Seed Procyanidins and Cholestyramine Differentially Alter Bile Acid and Cholesterol Homeostatic Gene Expression in Mouse Intestine and Liver

(2016) Rebecca M. Heidker et al.   PLoS One

Flavonoids from Orostachys Japonicus A. Berger Induces Caspase-dependent Apoptosis at Least Partly through Activation of p38 MAPK Pathway in U937 Human Leukemic Cells

(2015) Won Sup Lee et al.   Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

Grape seed procyanidin B2 ameliorates mitochondrial dysfunction and inhibits apoptosis via the AMP-activated protein kinase–silent mating type information regulation 2 homologue 1–PPARγ co-activator-1α axis in rat mesangial cells under high-dose glucosamine

(2015) Lei Bao et al.   BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION

Mechanisms of DNA methyltransferase–inhibitor interactions: Procyanidin B2 shows new promise for therapeutic intervention of cancer

(2015) Arunima Shilpi et al.   CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS

Procyanidin B2 3,3″-di-O-gallate Inhibits Endothelial Cells Growth and Motility by Targeting VEGFR2 and Integrin Signaling Pathways

(2015) Rahul Kumar et al.   CURRENT CANCER DRUG TARGETS

Acute administration of single oral dose of grape seed polyphenols restores blood pressure in a rat model of metabolic syndrome: role of nitric oxide and prostacyclin

(2015) Zara Pons et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION

Cranberries (Oxycoccus quadripetalus) inhibit lipid metabolism and modulate leptin and adiponectin secretion in 3T3-L1 adipocytes

(2015) Katarzyna Kowalska et al.   FOOD CHEMISTRY

Grape seed procyanidins administered at physiological doses to rats during pregnancy and lactation promote lipid oxidation and up-regulate AMPK in the muscle of male offspring in adulthood

(2015) Anna Crescenti et al.   JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY

Anti-inflammatory effect of procyanidin B1 on LPS-treated THP1 cells via interaction with the TLR4–MD-2 heterodimer and p38 MAPK and NF-κB signaling

(2015) Jing Xing et al.   MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY

Procyanidin B2 attenuates neurological deficits and blood-brain barrier disruption in a rat model of cerebral ischemia

(2015) Shuangchan Wu et al.   MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH

Protective Effect of Procyanidin B2 against CCl4-Induced Acute Liver Injury in Mice

(2015) Bing-Ya Yang et al.   MOLECULES

Anti-inflammatory effects of grape seed procyanidin B2 on a diabetic pancreas

(2015) Wenbin Yin et al.   Food & Function

Emerging role of microRNAs in lipid metabolism

(2015) Zhihong Yang et al.   Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B

Procyanidin B2 inhibits high glucose-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in HK-2 human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells

(2015) DANDAN LI et al.   Molecular Medicine Reports

Effect of Dietary Supplementation of Procyanidin on Growth Performance and Immune Response in Pigs

(2014) J. C. Park et al.   ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES

Procyanidin B2 inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation in human vascular endothelial cells

(2014) Haixia Yang et al.   BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY

Effect of cinnamon and its procyanidin-B2 enriched fraction on diabetic nephropathy in rats

(2014) P. Muthenna et al.   CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS

Proanthocyanidins, anthocyanins and cardiovascular diseases

(2014) Maria J. Kruger et al.   FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL

Grape seed procyanidin supplementation to rats fed a high-fat diet during pregnancy and lactation increases the body fat content and modulates the inflammatory response and the adipose tissue metabolism of the male offspring in youth

(2014) J M del Bas et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY

Oligomeric Cocoa Procyanidins Possess Enhanced Bioactivity Compared to Monomeric and Polymeric Cocoa Procyanidins for Preventing the Development of Obesity, Insulin Resistance, and Impaired Glucose Tolerance during High-Fat Feeding

(2014) Melanie R. Dorenkott et al.   JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY

Chronic intake of proanthocyanidins and docosahexaenoic acid improves skeletal muscle oxidative capacity in diet-obese rats

(2014) Ester Casanova et al.   JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY

Procyanidin B2inhibits inflammasome-mediated IL-1β production in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages

(2014) Neus Martinez-Micaelo et al.   MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH

Free radical scavenging, antioxidant and cancer chemoprevention by grape seed proanthocyanidin: An overview

(2014) Debasis Bagchi et al.   MUTATION RESEARCH-FUNDAMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF MUTAGENESIS

Procyanidin Induces Apoptosis of Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Cells via JNK Activation of c-Jun

(2014) Carol A. Connor et al.   NUTRITION AND CANCER-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL

Inverse association between habitual polyphenol intake and incidence of cardiovascular events in the PREDIMED study

(2014) A. Tresserra-Rimbau et al.   NUTRITION METABOLISM AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES

Persimmon tannin alleviates hepatic steatosis in L02 cells by targeting miR-122 and miR-33b and its effects closely associated with the A type ECG dimer and EGCG dimer structural units

(2014) Bo Zou et al.   Journal of Functional Foods

Procyanidin dimer B2-mediated IRAK-M induction negatively regulates TLR4 signaling in macrophages

(2013) Nak-Yun Sung et al.   BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS

Proteomic analysis of kidney and protective effects of grape seed procyanidin B2 in db/db mice indicate MFG-E8 as a key molecule in the development of diabetic nephropathy

(2013) Zhen Zhang et al.   BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR BASIS OF DISEASE

Peanut-Skin Polyphenols, Procyanidin A1 and Epicatechin-(4 β→6)-epicatechin-(2 β→O→7, 4 β→8)-catechin, Exert Cholesterol Micelle-Degrading Activityin Vitro

(2013) Tomoko TAMURA et al.   BIOSCIENCE BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY

The protective effect of grape seed procyanidin extract against cadmium-induced renal oxidative damage in mice

(2013) Qing Chen et al.   ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY

The procyanidin trimer C1 induces macrophage activation via NF-κB and MAPK pathways, leading to Th1 polarization in murine splenocytes

(2013) Nak-Yun Sung et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY

Procyanidins target mesenteric adipose tissue in Wistar lean rats and subcutaneous adipose tissue in Zucker obese rat

(2013) A. Ardévol et al.   FOOD CHEMISTRY

Effects of grape seed procyanidin extract over low-grade chronic inflammation of obese Zucker fa/fa rats

(2013) Victor Pallarès et al.   FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL

Polymeric procyanidin fraction from defatted grape seeds protects HepG2 cells against oxidative stress by inducing phase II enzymes via Nrf2 activation

(2013) Younghwa Kim et al.   FOOD SCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY

Grape seed procyanidin extract reduces the endotoxic effects induced by lipopolysaccharide in rats

(2013) Victor Pallarès et al.   FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE

Procyanidin C1 from Cinnamomi Cortex inhibits TGF-β-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in the A549 lung cancer cell line

(2013) RYOEI KIN et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY

Inhibition of protein glycation by procyanidin-B2 enriched fraction of cinnamon: Delay of diabetic cataract in rats

(2013) Puppala Muthenna et al.   IUBMB LIFE

Serum metabolites of proanthocyanidin-administered rats decrease lipid synthesis in HepG2 cells

(2013) Ligia Guerrero et al.   JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY

Perspectives on natural product epigenetic modulators in chemical biology and medicine

(2013) Fanny L. Cherblanc et al.   NATURAL PRODUCT REPORTS

Procyanidin B2 3,3″-di-O-gallate, a Biologically Active Constituent of Grape Seed Extract, Induces Apoptosis in Human Prostate Cancer Cells Via Targeting NF-κB, Stat3, and AP1 Transcription Factors

(2013) Alpna Tyagi et al.   NUTRITION AND CANCER-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL

Effect of the Procyanidin A2 on Activity of Cytochromes P450 in Human Hepatocytes

(2013) J Ulrichova et al.   PLANTA MEDICA

Grape Seed Procyanidin Reversal of P-glycoprotein Associated Multi-Drug Resistance via Down-regulation of NF-κB and MAPK/ERK Mediated YB-1 Activity in A2780/T Cells

(2013) Bo-xin Zhao et al.   PLoS One

Effects of proanthocyanidins on porcine pancreatic lipase: Conformation, activity, kinetics and thermodynamics

(2013) Shihui Wang et al.   PROCESS BIOCHEMISTRY

Involvement of nitric oxide and prostacyclin in the antihypertensive effect of low-molecular-weight procyanidin rich grape seed extract in male spontaneously hypertensive rats

(2013) M. Quiñones et al.   Journal of Functional Foods

Prevention mechanisms of glucose intolerance and obesity by cacao liquor procyanidin extract in high-fat diet-fed C57BL/6 mice

(2012) Yoko Yamashita et al.   ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS

A procyanidin trimer, C1, promotes NO production in rat aortic endothelial cells via both hyperpolarization and PI3K/Akt pathways

(2012) Eui-Baek Byun et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY

Evaluation of hypolipidemic effects of peanut skin-derived polyphenols in rats on Western-diet

(2012) Rishipal R. Bansode et al.   FOOD CHEMISTRY

Protective effects of oligomeric and polymeric procyanidin fractions from defatted grape seeds on tert-butyl hydroperoxide-induced oxidative damage in HepG2 cells

(2012) Younghwa Kim et al.   FOOD CHEMISTRY

Low doses of grape seed procyanidins reduce adiposity and improve the plasma lipid profile in hamsters

(2012) A Caimari et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY

Diverse Mechanisms of Antidiabetic Effects of the Different Procyanidin Oligomer Types of Two Different Cinnamon Species on db/db Mice

(2012) Liang Chen et al.   JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY

Grape seed proanthocyanidins repress the hepatic lipid regulators miR-33 and miR-122 in rats

(2012) Laura Baselga-Escudero et al.   MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH

Procyanidin B3 Prevents Articular Cartilage Degeneration and Heterotopic Cartilage Formation in a Mouse Surgical Osteoarthritis Model

(2012) Hailati Aini et al.   PLoS One

Procyanidin B2 induces Nrf2 translocation and glutathione S-transferase P1 expression via ERKs and p38-MAPK pathways and protect human colonic cells against oxidative stress

(2011) Ildefonso Rodríguez-Ramiro et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION

Flavangenol (pine bark extract) and its major component procyanidin B1 enhance fatty acid oxidation in fat-loaded models

(2011) Tsutomu Shimada et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY

Dietary Supplementation of Grape Skin Extract Improves Glycemia and Inflammation in Diet-Induced Obese Mice Fed a Western High Fat Diet

(2011) Shelly Hogan et al.   JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY

Inhibition of Key Digestive Enzymes by Cocoa Extracts and Procyanidins

(2011) Yeyi Gu et al.   JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY

Inhibition of α-amylase activity by condensed tannins

(2010) Rui Gonçalves et al.   FOOD CHEMISTRY

Effect of heating on the stability of grape and blueberry pomace procyanidins and total anthocyanins

(2010) Ramesh C. Khanal et al.   FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL

MiR-33 Contributes to the Regulation of Cholesterol Homeostasis

(2010) K. J. Rayner et al.   SCIENCE

Cacao procyanidins reduce plasma cholesterol and increase fecal steroid excretion in rats fed a high-cholesterol diet

(2009) Akiko Yasuda et al.   BIOFACTORS

A trimer plus a dimer-gallate reproduce the bioactivity described for an extract of grape seed procyanidins

(2009) Gemma Montagut et al.   FOOD CHEMISTRY

Inhibitory Effects of Grape Seed Procyanidins on Foam Cell Formation in Vitro

(2009) Ximena Terra et al.   JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY

Inhibition of Fat Digestion by Highly Polymeric Proanthocyanidins from Seed Shells of Japanese Horse Chestnut (Aesculus turbinata BLUME)

(2009) Hideto Kimura et al.   JOURNAL OF THE JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY-NIPPON SHOKUHIN KAGAKU KOGAKU KAISHI

Dietary procyanidins enhance transcriptional activity of bile acid-activated FXRin vitroand reduce triglyceridemiain vivoin a FXR-dependent manner

(2009) Josep Maria Del Bas et al.   MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH

Hypolipidemic effects of proanthocyanidins and their underlying biochemical and molecular mechanisms

(2009) Cinta Bladé et al.   MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH

Connecting obesity, aging and diabetes

(2009) Rexford S. Ahima   NATURE MEDICINE

Polymer-Like Polyphenols of Black Tea and Their Lipase and Amylase Inhibitory Activities

(2008) Rie Kusano et al.   CHEMICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN

Dietary procyanidins lower triglyceride levels signaling through the nuclear receptor small heterodimer partner

(2008) Josep Maria Del Bas et al.   MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH

Phenolic compounds: Evidence for inhibitory effects against obesity and their underlying molecular signaling mechanisms

(2007) Chin-Lin Hsu et al.   MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH