Vitamin E and cancer: an update on the emerging role of γ and δ tocotrienols

δ‐Tocotrienol induces apoptosis, involving endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy, and paraptosis in prostate cancer cells

(2019) Fabrizio Fontana et al.   CELL PROLIFERATION

γ-Tocotrienol inhibits oxidative phosphorylation and triggers apoptosis by inhibiting mitochondrial complex I subunit NDUFB8 and complex II subunit SDHB

(2019) HaiXia Wang et al.   TOXICOLOGY

Development and in-vitro characterization of nanoemulsions loaded with paclitaxel/γ-tocotrienol lipid conjugates

(2018) Ahmed Abu-Fayyad et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS

Tocotrienols: The promising analogues of vitamin E for cancer therapeutics

(2018) Bethsebie Lalduhsaki Sailo et al.   PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH

Anticancer properties of tocotrienols: A review of cellular mechanisms and molecular targets

(2018) Marina Montagnani Marelli et al.   JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY

Natural forms of vitamin E and metabolites—regulation of cancer cell death and underlying mechanisms

(2018) Qing Jiang   IUBMB LIFE

Utilization of Vitamin E Analogs to Protect Normal Tissues While Enhancing Antitumor Effects

(2018) Nukhet Aykin-Burns et al.   SEMINARS IN RADIATION ONCOLOGY

Vitamin E δ-tocotrienol inhibits TNF-α-stimulated NF-κB activation by up-regulation of anti-inflammatory A20 via modulation of sphingolipid including elevation of intracellular dihydroceramides

(2018) Chao Yang et al.   JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY

Gamma-tocotrienol profoundly alters sphingolipids in cancer cells by inhibition of dihydroceramide desaturase and possibly activation of sphingolipid hydrolysis during prolonged treatment

(2017) Yumi Jang et al.   JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY

A naturally occurring mixture of tocotrienols inhibits the growth of human prostate tumor, associated with epigenetic modifications of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p21 and p27

(2017) Ying Huang et al.   JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY

γ-Tocotrienol-induced disruption of lipid rafts in human breast cancer cells is associated with a reduction in exosome heregulin content

(2017) Osama A. Alawin et al.   JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY

δ-Tocotrienol, a natural form of vitamin E, inhibits pancreatic cancer stem-like cells and prevents pancreatic cancer metastasis

(2017) Kazim Husain et al.   Oncotarget

γ-Tocotrienol suppresses growth and sensitises human colorectal tumours to capecitabine in a nude mouse xenograft model by down-regulating multiple molecules

(2016) Sahdeo Prasad et al.   BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER

Pharmacokinetics and safety of vitamin E δ-tocotrienol after single and multiple doses in healthy subjects with measurement of vitamin E metabolites

(2016) Amit Mahipal et al.   CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY AND PHARMACOLOGY

Tocotrienols induce endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis in cervical cancer cells

(2016) Raffaella Comitato et al.   Genes and Nutrition

γ-Tocotrienol but not γ-tocopherol blocks STAT3 cell signaling pathway through induction of protein-tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1 and sensitizes tumor cells to chemotherapeutic agents.

(2016) Ramaswamy Kannappan et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

Vitamin E therapy beyond cancer: Tocopherol versus tocotrienol

(2016) Hong Yong Peh et al.   PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS

Targeting transcription factor STAT3 for cancer prevention and therapy

(2016) Edna Zhi Pei Chai et al.   PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS

Vitamin E δ-tocotrienol triggers endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis in human melanoma cells

(2016) Marina Montagnani Marelli et al.   Scientific Reports

Safety and efficacy of tocotrienol supplementation for bone health in postmenopausal women: protocol for a dose–response double-blinded placebo-controlled randomised trial

(2016) Chwan-Li Shen et al.   BMJ Open

Tocotrienols induce endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis in cervical cancer cells

(2016) Raffaella Comitato et al.   Genes and Nutrition

Molecular and Biochemical Analysis of the Estrogenic and Proliferative Properties of Vitamin E Compounds

(2016) Farid Khallouki et al.   Frontiers in Oncology

γ-Tocotrienol-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy act concurrently to promote breast cancer cell death

(2015) Roshan V. Tiwari et al.   Biochemistry and Cell Biology

Gamma tocotrienol targets tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 in mammospheres resulting in cell death through RAS/ERK pathway

(2015) Wenyi Gu et al.   BMC CANCER

Radioactive 125I seeds inhibit cell growth and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human glioblastoma multiforme via a ROS-mediated signaling pathway

(2015) Yunhong Tian et al.   BMC CANCER

Anti-proliferative effects of γ-tocotrienol are associated with suppression of c-Myc expression in mammary tumour cells

(2015) P. Parajuli et al.   CELL PROLIFERATION

δ-Tocotrienol treatment is more effective against hypoxic tumor cells than normoxic cells: potential implications for cancer therapy

(2015) Akira Shibata et al.   JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY

EGR-1/Bax pathway plays a role in vitamin E δ-tocotrienol-induced apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells

(2015) Chen Wang et al.   JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY

The use of delta-tocotrienol and lovastatin for anti-osteoporotic therapy

(2015) Saif Abdul-Majeed et al.   LIFE SCIENCES

Elimination of ALDH+ breast tumor initiating cells by docosahexanoic acid and/or gamma tocotrienol through SHP-1 inhibition of Stat3 signaling

(2015) Ailian Xiong et al.   MOLECULAR CARCINOGENESIS

δ-Tocotrienol Induces Human Bladder Cancer Cell Growth Arrest, Apoptosis and Chemosensitization through Inhibition of STAT3 Pathway

(2015) Changxiao Ye et al.   PLoS One

Role of ErbB Receptors in Cancer Cell Migration and Invasion

(2015) Aline Appert-Collin et al.   Frontiers in Pharmacology

A Phase I Safety, Pharmacokinetic, and Pharmacodynamic Presurgical Trial of Vitamin E δ-tocotrienol in Patients with Pancreatic Ductal Neoplasia

(2015) Gregory M. Springett et al.   EBioMedicine

γ-tocotrienol inhibits angiogenesis-dependent growth of human hepatocellular carcinoma through abrogation of AKT/mTOR pathway in an orthotopic mouse model

(2015) Kodappully Sivaraman Siveen et al.   Oncotarget

PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and cancer: an updated review

(2014) Miriam Martini et al.   ANNALS OF MEDICINE

Cytotoxicity and apoptotic activities of alpha-, gamma- and delta-tocotrienol isomers on human cancer cells

(2014) Su-Wen Lim et al.   BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Cancer incidence and mortality worldwide: Sources, methods and major patterns in GLOBOCAN 2012

(2014) Jacques Ferlay et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER

Pharmacological potential of tocotrienols: a review

(2014) Haseeb Ahsan et al.   Nutrition & Metabolism

Tocotrienols Target PI3K/Akt Signaling in Anti-Breast Cancer Therapy

(2013) Paul Sylvester et al.   Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry

Vitamin E: A dark horse at the crossroad of cancer management

(2013) Eduardo Cardenas et al.   BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY

Tocotrienols promote apoptosis in human breast cancer cells by inducing poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage and inhibiting nuclear factor kappa-B activity

(2013) R. Loganathan et al.   CELL PROLIFERATION

A Review on the Use of Statins and Tocotrienols, Individually or in Combination for the Treatment of Osteoporosis

(2013) Saif Abdul-Majeed et al.   CURRENT DRUG TARGETS

γ-Tocotrienol-induced autophagy in malignant mammary cancer cells

(2013) Roshan V Tiwari et al.   EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE

Effects of α-tocopherol and β-carotene supplementation on cancer incidence and mortality: 18-Year postintervention follow-up of the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study

(2013) Jarmo Virtamo et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER

Palm Oil–Derived Natural Vitamin E α-Tocotrienol in Brain Health and Disease

(2013) Chandan K Sen et al.   JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF NUTRITION

Vitamin E δ-Tocotrienol Induces p27Kip1-Dependent Cell-Cycle Arrest in Pancreatic Cancer Cells via an E2F-1-Dependent Mechanism

(2013) Pamela J. Hodul et al.   PLoS One

γ-Tocotrienol Induces Paraptosis-Like Cell Death in Human Colon Carcinoma SW620 Cells

(2013) Jing-Shu Zhang et al.   PLoS One

Targeting Tumor Ubiquitin-Proteasome Pathway with Polyphenols for Chemosensitization

(2012) Min Shen et al.   Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry

Eliminating drug resistant breast cancer stem-like cells with combination of simvastatin and gamma-tocotrienol

(2012) Archana Gopalan et al.   CANCER LETTERS

First Evidence That  -Tocotrienol Inhibits the Growth of Human Gastric Cancer and Chemosensitizes It to Capecitabine in a Xenograft Mouse Model through the Modulation of NF- B Pathway

(2012) K. A. Manu et al.   CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH

Delta-tocotrienol suppresses Notch-1 pathway by upregulating miR-34a in nonsmall cell lung cancer cells

(2012) Xiangming Ji et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER

γ-tocotrienol enhances the chemosensitivity of human oral cancer cells to docetaxel through the downregulation of the expression of NF-κB-regulated anti-apoptotic gene products

(2012) KOUICHI KANI et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY

New therapy targeting differential androgen receptor signaling in prostate cancer stem/progenitor vs. non-stem/progenitor cells

(2012) Soo Ok Lee et al.   Journal of Molecular Cell Biology

Tocotrienol as a potential anticancer agent

(2011) M. T. Ling et al.   CARCINOGENESIS

Cancer Preventive Effects of Vitamin E

(2011) Sayori Wada   CURRENT PHARMACEUTICAL BIOTECHNOLOGY

γ-Tocotrienol Induces Apoptosis in Human T Cell Lymphoma through Activation of Both Intrinsic and Extrinsic Pathways

(2011) Chandan Wilankar et al.   CURRENT PHARMACEUTICAL DESIGN

Cellular Protection and Therapeutic Potential of Tocotrienols

(2011) Betul Catalgol et al.   CURRENT PHARMACEUTICAL DESIGN

Tocotrienols inhibit AKT and ERK activation and suppress pancreatic cancer cell proliferation by suppressing the ErbB2 pathway

(2011) Sonyo Shin-Kang et al.   FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE

Palm tocotrienols decrease levels of pro-angiogenic markers in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and murine mammary cancer cells

(2011) Kanga Rani Selvaduray et al.   Genes and Nutrition

Tocotrienols fight cancer by targeting multiple cell signaling pathways

(2011) Ramaswamy Kannappan et al.   Genes and Nutrition

Gamma-tocotrienol induces apoptosis and autophagy in prostate cancer cells by increasing intracellular dihydrosphingosine and dihydroceramide

(2011) Qing Jiang et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER

Gamma-tocotrienol induced apoptosis is associated with unfolded protein response in human breast cancer cells

(2011) Dorrelyn Patacsil et al.   JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY

Induction of Apoptosis byγ-Tocotrienol in Human Cancer Cell Lines and Leukemic Blasts From Patients: Dependency on Bid, Cytochromec, and Caspase Pathway

(2011) Akiko Inoue et al.   NUTRITION AND CANCER-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL

Induction of DNA Damage and Caspase-Independent Programmed Cell Death by Vitamin E

(2011) C. Constantinou et al.   NUTRITION AND CANCER-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL

A paraptosis-like cell death induced by δ-tocotrienol in human colon carcinoma SW620 cells is associated with the suppression of the Wnt signaling pathway

(2011) Jing-Shu Zhang et al.   TOXICOLOGY

Tocotrienols, the vitamin E of the 21st century: Its potential against cancer and other chronic diseases

(2010) Bharat B. Aggarwal et al.   BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY

Present trends in vitamin E research

(2010) Francesco Galli et al.   BIOFACTORS

Enhanced antiproliferative and apoptotic response to combined treatment of γ-tocotrienol with erlotinib or gefitinib in mammary tumor cells

(2010) Sunitha V Bachawal et al.   BMC CANCER

Tocotrienols induce apoptosis in breast cancer cell lines via an endoplasmic reticulum stress-dependent increase in extrinsic death receptor signaling

(2010) Sook Kyung Park et al.   BREAST CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT

γ-Tocotrienol is a novel inhibitor of constitutive and inducible STAT3 signalling pathway in human hepatocellular carcinoma: potential role as an antiproliferative, pro-apoptotic and chemosensitizing agent

(2010) Peramaiyan Rajendran et al.   BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY

 -Tocotrienol Inhibits Pancreatic Tumors and Sensitizes Them to Gemcitabine Treatment by Modulating the Inflammatory Microenvironment

(2010) A. B. Kunnumakkara et al.   CANCER RESEARCH

Nephroprotective action of tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF) from palm oil against potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7)-induced acute renal injury in rats

(2010) Mohd. Rashid Khan et al.   CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS

Tocotrienols Inhibited Growth and Induced Apoptosis in Human HeLa Cells Through the Cell Cycle Signaling Pathway

(2010) Shu-Jing Wu et al.   INTEGRATIVE CANCER THERAPIES

Gamma-tocotrienol as an effective agent in targeting prostate cancer stem cell-like population

(2010) Sze Ue Luk et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER

Palm Tocotrienols Inhibit Proliferation of Murine Mammary Cancer Cells and Induce Expression of Interleukin-24 mRNA

(2010) Kanga Rani Selvaduray et al.   JOURNAL OF INTERFERON AND CYTOKINE RESEARCH

γ-Tocotrienol Promotes TRAIL-Induced Apoptosis through Reactive Oxygen Species/Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase/p53–Mediated Upregulation of Death Receptors

(2010) Ramaswamy Kannappan et al.   MOLECULAR CANCER THERAPEUTICS

Tocotrienols activity in MCF-7 breast cancer cells: Involvement of ERβ signal transduction

(2010) Raffaella Comitato et al.   MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH

Endoplasmic reticulum stress mediates γ-tocotrienol-induced apoptosis in mammary tumor cells

(2009) Vikram B. Wali et al.   APOPTOSIS

Id1, inhibitor of differentiation, is a key protein mediating anti-tumor responses of gamma-tocotrienol in breast cancer cells

(2009) Wei Ney Yap et al.   CANCER LETTERS

Anti-proliferative effects of γ-tocotrienol on mammary tumour cells are associated with suppression of cell cycle progression

(2009) G. V. Samant et al.   CELL PROLIFERATION

Caspase-Independent Pathways of Programmed Cell Death: The Unraveling of New Targets of Cancer Therapy?

(2009) C. Constantinou et al.   CURRENT CANCER DRUG TARGETS

δ-Tocotrienol Suppresses VEGF Induced Angiogenesis whereas α-Tocopherol Does Not

(2009) Akira Shibata et al.   JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY

Inhibitory effects of γ-tocotrienol on invasion and metastasis of human gastric adenocarcinoma SGC-7901 cells☆☆☆

(2009) Hui-Kun Liu et al.   JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY

Inhibition of proliferation and induction of apoptosis by γ-tocotrienol in human colon carcinoma HT-29 cells

(2009) Wei-Li Xu et al.   NUTRITION

Suppression of Tumor Growth by Palm Tocotrienols Via the Attenuation of Angiogenesis

(2009) Wong Weng-Yew et al.   NUTRITION AND CANCER-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL

Induction of Caspase-Independent Programmed Cell Death by Vitamin E Natural Homologs and Synthetic Derivatives

(2009) Constantina Constantinou et al.   NUTRITION AND CANCER-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL

Evidence ofγ-Tocotrienol as an Apoptosis-Inducing, Invasion-Suppressing, and Chemotherapy Drug-Sensitizing Agent in Human Melanoma Cells

(2009) Piek Ngoh Chang et al.   NUTRITION AND CANCER-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL

d-δ-Tocotrienol-Mediated Suppression of the Proliferation of Human PANC-1, MIA PaCa-2, and BxPC-3 Pancreatic Carcinoma Cells

(2009) Deema Hussein et al.   PANCREAS

γ-Tocotrienol suppresses prostate cancer cell proliferation and invasion through multiple-signalling pathways

(2008) W N Yap et al.   BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER

Effect of Selenium and Vitamin E on Risk of Prostate Cancer and Other Cancers

(2008) Scott M. Lippman et al.   JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION

Specific accumulation of γ- and δ-tocotrienols in tumor and their antitumor effect in vivo

(2008) Yuhei Hiura et al.   JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY

γ-Tocotrienol induces mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in human gastric adenocarcinoma SGC-7901 cells

(2008) Wenguang Sun et al.   JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY