Herbal Medicines for Ischemic Stroke: Combating Inflammation as Therapeutic Targets

Microcirculatory, mitochondrial, and histological changes following cerebral ischemia in swine

(2014) Olga Suchadolskiene et al.   BMC NEUROSCIENCE

The Transcription Factor Nrf2 Is a Therapeutic Target against Brain Inflammation

(2014) N. G. Innamorato et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Functional Role of Soluble Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products in Stroke

(2013) Sung-Chun Tang et al.   ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY

Nobiletin protects against cerebral ischemia via activating the p-Akt, p-CREB, BDNF and Bcl-2 pathway and ameliorating BBB permeability in rat

(2013) Lan Zhang et al.   BRAIN RESEARCH BULLETIN

Ruscogenin reduces cerebral ischemic injury via NF-κB-mediated inflammatory pathway in the mouse model of experimental stroke

(2013) Teng Guan et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY

Astragaloside IV reduces cerebral edema post-ischemia/reperfusion correlating the suppression of MMP-9 and AQP4

(2013) Min Li et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY

Tetramethylpyrazine reduces cellular inflammatory response following permanent focal cerebral ischemia in rats

(2013) Tsung-Kuei Kao et al.   EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY

In the eye of the storm: mitochondrial damage during heart and brain ischaemia

(2013) Vilmante Borutaite et al.   FEBS Journal

Antioxidant and Nrf2 inducing activities of luteolin, a flavonoid constituent in Ixeris sonchifolia Hance, provide neuroprotective effects against ischemia-induced cellular injury

(2013) Yao-Chun Zhang et al.   FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY

MFGE8 inhibits inflammasome-induced IL-1β production and limits postischemic cerebral injury

(2013) Nicolas Deroide et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION

Baicalin can scavenge peroxynitrite and ameliorate endogenous peroxynitrite-mediated neurotoxicity in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury

(2013) Mingjing Xu et al.   JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY

Microglial Phenotype and Adaptation

(2013) B. J. L. Eggen et al.   Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology

Parthenolide Is Neuroprotective in Rat Experimental Stroke Model: Downregulating NF-κB, Phospho-p38MAPK, and Caspase-1 and Ameliorating BBB Permeability

(2013) Lipeng Dong et al.   MEDIATORS OF INFLAMMATION

Mitochondrial dysfunction and the inflammatory response

(2013) María J. López-Armada et al.   MITOCHONDRION

Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Total Isoflavones from Pueraria lobata on Cerebral Ischemia in Rats

(2013) Dong Lim et al.   MOLECULES

Macrophage biology in development, homeostasis and disease

(2013) Thomas A. Wynn et al.   NATURE

Mitochondrial DAMPs Increase Endothelial Permeability through Neutrophil Dependent and Independent Pathways

(2013) Shiqin Sun et al.   PLoS One

Neuroprotective Role of Nanoencapsulated Quercetin in Combating Ischemia-Reperfusion Induced Neuronal Damage in Young and Aged Rats

(2013) Aparajita Ghosh et al.   PLoS One

Free energy landscape for the binding process of Huperzine A to acetylcholinesterase

(2013) Fang Bai et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Microglia: Scapegoat, Saboteur, or Something Else?

(2013) A. Aguzzi et al.   SCIENCE

The Role of Prostaglandin E2 in Stroke-Reperfusion Injury

(2013) Yuri Ikeda-Matsuo   YAKUGAKU ZASSHI-JOURNAL OF THE PHARMACEUTICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN

Exogenous Microparticles of Iron Oxide Bind to Activated Endothelial Cells but, Unlike Monocytes, Do Not Trigger an Endothelial Response

(2013) Andrew Jefferson et al.   Theranostics

Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 mediates the anti-apoptosis of berberine in neurons during hypoxia/ischemia

(2012) Q. Zhang et al.   ACTA PHYSIOLOGICA HUNGARICA

Brain-Immune Interactions and Ischemic Stroke

(2012) Costantino Iadecola   ARCHIVES OF NEUROLOGY

Mitochondrial dysfunction increases inflammatory responsiveness to cytokines in normal human chondrocytes

(2012) Carlos Vaamonde-García et al.   ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM

Arctigenin Protects Focal Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Rats through Inhibiting Neuroinflammation

(2012) Tao Fan et al.   BIOLOGICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN

Molecular Spectroscopy Evidence of Berberine Binding to DNA: Comparative Binding and Thermodynamic Profile of Intercalation

(2012) Xiao-Ling Li et al.   BIOMACROMOLECULES

Ameliorative effects of Diammonium Glycyrrhizinate on inflammation in focal cerebral ischemic-reperfusion injury

(2012) Shao-Zhang Hou et al.   BRAIN RESEARCH

Protective effects of incensole acetate on cerebral ischemic injury

(2012) Arieh Moussaieff et al.   BRAIN RESEARCH

Resveratrol attenuates brain damage in a rat model of focal cerebral ischemia via up-regulation of hippocampal Bcl-2

(2012) Zhen Li et al.   BRAIN RESEARCH

A–Z of nutritional supplements: dietary supplements, sports nutrition foods and ergogenic aids for health and performance—Part 33

(2012) D C Nieman et al.   BRITISH JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE

Effect of Treatment with Cyanidin-3-O-β-D-Glucoside on Rat Ischemic/Reperfusion Brain Damage

(2012) Claudia Di Giacomo et al.   Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Neuroprotective effects of Schisandrin B against transient focal cerebral ischemia in Sprague–Dawley rats

(2012) Tae Hwa Lee et al.   FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY

Schisandrin B exhibits anti-inflammatory activity through modulation of the redox-sensitive transcription factors Nrf2 and NF-κB

(2012) Rahul Checker et al.   FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE

Pathophysiologic Cascades in Ischemic Stroke

(2012) Changhong Xing et al.   International Journal of Stroke

Hyperforin Attenuates Brain Damage Induced by Transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion (MCAO) in Rats via Inhibition of TRPC6 Channels Degradation

(2012) Yun Lin et al.   JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM

Inflammatory Cytokines in Experimental and Human Stroke

(2012) Kate Lykke Lambertsen et al.   JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM

The Flavonoid Fisetin Attenuates Postischemic Immune Cell Infiltration, Activation and Infarct Size after Transient Cerebral Middle Artery Occlusion in Mice

(2012) Mathias Gelderblom et al.   JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM

Importance of T Lymphocytes in Brain Injury, Immunodeficiency, and Recovery after Cerebral Ischemia

(2012) Vanessa H Brait et al.   JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM

Neuroprotective effect of calycosin on cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury in rats

(2012) Chao Guo et al.   JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY

A natural coumarin derivative esculetin offers neuroprotection on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice

(2012) Chen Wang et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY

Novel therapeutic strategies targeting innate immune responses and early inflammation after stroke

(2012) Takashi Shichita et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY

Toll-like receptor 2 deficiency leads to delayed exacerbation of ischemic injury

(2012) Ivan Bohacek et al.   Journal of Neuroinflammation

Therapeutic effects of tetramethylpyrazine nitrone in rat ischemic stroke models

(2012) Yewei Sun et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH

Protective Effect of Crocin against Cerebral Ischemia in a Dose-dependent Manner in a Rat Model of Ischemic Stroke

(2012) Abedin Vakili et al.   Journal of Stroke & Cerebrovascular Diseases

Nerve growth factor: from the early discoveries to the potential clinical use

(2012) Luigi Aloe et al.   Journal of Translational Medicine

Systemic immune activation shapes stroke outcome

(2012) Katie N. Murray et al.   MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE

The effect of stroke on immune function

(2012) Roberta Brambilla et al.   MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE

Antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and matrix metalloproteinase inhibitory activities of 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg3 in cultured mammalian cell lines

(2012) Yu-Mi Shin et al.   MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTS

Binding of isoquinoline alkaloids berberine, palmatine and coralyne to hemoglobin: structural and thermodynamic characterization studies

(2012) Soumitra Hazra et al.   Molecular BioSystems

Peroxiredoxin family proteins are key initiators of post-ischemic inflammation in the brain

(2012) Takashi Shichita et al.   NATURE MEDICINE

Astragaloside IV protects against focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury correlating to suppression of neutrophils adhesion-related molecules

(2012) Min Li et al.   NEUROCHEMISTRY INTERNATIONAL

The protective effects of T cell deficiency against brain injury are ischemic model-dependent in rats

(2012) Xiaoxing Xiong et al.   NEUROCHEMISTRY INTERNATIONAL

6-Shogaol, a ginger product, modulates neuroinflammation: A new approach to neuroprotection

(2012) Sang Keun Ha et al.   NEUROPHARMACOLOGY

Honokiol inhibits the inflammatory reaction during cerebral ischemia reperfusion by suppressing NF-κB activation and cytokine production of glial cells

(2012) Peng Zhang et al.   NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS

Neuroprotection of Tanshinone IIA against Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury through Inhibition of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor in Rats

(2012) Yanlin Chen et al.   PLoS One

Direct Stimulation of Adult Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells In Vitro and Neurogenesis In Vivo by Salvianolic Acid B

(2012) Pengwei Zhuang et al.   PLoS One

Time Course, Distribution and Cell Types of Induction of Transforming Growth Factor Betas following Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in the Rat Brain

(2012) Gabriella Pál et al.   PLoS One

Cerebral Protection of Salvianolic Acid A by the Inhibition of Granulocyte Adherence

(2011) Min Jiang et al.   AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE

Baicalin promotes neuronal differentiation of neural stem/progenitor cells through modulating p-stat3 and bHLH family protein expression

(2011) Yue Li et al.   BRAIN RESEARCH

Polydatin modulates inflammation by decreasing NF-κB activation and oxidative stress by increasing Gli1, Ptch1, SOD1 expression and ameliorates blood–brain barrier permeability for its neuroprotective effect in pMCAO rat brain

(2011) Hui Ji et al.   BRAIN RESEARCH BULLETIN

Sinomenine protects against ischaemic brain injury: involvement of co-inhibition of acid-sensing ion channel 1a and L-type calcium channels

(2011) Wen-Ning Wu et al.   BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY

IL-6/IL-6 receptor system and its role in physiological and pathological conditions

(2011) Masahiko Mihara et al.   CLINICAL SCIENCE

Mitochondrial Ca2+ and ROS take center stage to orchestrate TNF-α–mediated inflammatory responses

(2011) Laura A. Dada et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION

Ginkgolide B reduces neuronal cell apoptosis in the hemorrhagic rat brain: Possible involvement of Toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor-kappa B pathway

(2011) Yue-Yu Hu et al.   JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY

Baicalin reduces the permeability of the blood–brain barrier during hypoxia in vitro by increasing the expression of tight junction proteins in brain microvascular endothelial cells

(2011) Haiyan Zhu et al.   JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY

Caveolin-1 regulates nitric oxide-mediated matrix metalloproteinases activity and blood-brain barrier permeability in focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury

(2011) Yong Gu et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY

Interleukin-1α expression precedes IL-1β after ischemic brain injury and is localised to areas of focal neuronal loss and penumbral tissues

(2011) Nadia M Luheshi et al.   Journal of Neuroinflammation

CX3CL1 Is Neuroprotective in Permanent Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Rodents

(2011) R. Cipriani et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE

Distinct and Non-Redundant Roles of Microglia and Myeloid Subsets in Mouse Models of Alzheimer's Disease

(2011) A. Mildner et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE

Effects of berberine on hippocampal neuronal damage and matrix metalloproteinase-9 activity following transient global cerebral ischemia

(2011) Jeong-Seok Hong et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH

Silymarin protects neurons from oxidative stress associated damages in focal cerebral ischemia: A behavioral, biochemical and immunohistological study in Wistar rats

(2011) Syed Shadab Raza et al.   JOURNAL OF THE NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES

Ischemia and reperfusion—from mechanism to translation

(2011) Holger K Eltzschig et al.   NATURE MEDICINE

The immunology of stroke: from mechanisms to translation

(2011) Costantino Iadecola et al.   NATURE MEDICINE

Ginsenoside Rd attenuates redox imbalance and improves stroke outcome after focal cerebral ischemia in aged mice

(2011) Ruidong Ye et al.   NEUROPHARMACOLOGY

Protective Effect of Embelin from Embelia ribes Burm. Against Transient Global Ischemia-Induced Brain Damage in Rats

(2011) B. S. Thippeswamy et al.   NEUROTOXICITY RESEARCH

NADPH Oxidase-Mediated Redox Signaling: Roles in Cellular Stress Response, Stress Tolerance, and Tissue Repair

(2011) F. Jiang et al.   PHARMACOLOGICAL REVIEWS

Soy-derived phytoestrogens as preventive and acute neuroprotectors in experimental ischemic stroke: Influence of rat strain

(2011) M. Castelló-Ruiz et al.   PHYTOMEDICINE

Tanshinone IIa Alleviates the Biochemical Changes Associated with Hypoxic Ischemic Brain Damage in a Rat Model

(2011) Mingyan Hei et al.   PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH

Cerebral Mast Cells Mediate Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption in Acute Experimental Ischemic Stroke Through Perivascular Gelatinase Activation

(2011) Olli S. Mattila et al.   STROKE

Anti-high Mobility Group Box-1 Monoclonal Antibody Protects the Blood–Brain Barrier From Ischemia-Induced Disruption in Rats

(2011) Jiyong Zhang et al.   STROKE

Escin attenuates cerebral edema induced by acute omethoate poisoning

(2011) Tian Wang et al.   TOXICOLOGY MECHANISMS AND METHODS

Quercetin reduces the elevated matrix metalloproteinases-9 level and improves functional outcome after cerebral focal ischemia in rats

(2010) Jung-Kil Lee et al.   ACTA NEUROCHIRURGICA

Dietary genistein and equol (4′, 7 isoflavandiol) reduce oxidative stress and protect rats against focal cerebral ischemia

(2010) Yulin Ma et al.   AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY

Biphasic actions of HMGB1 signaling in inflammation and recovery after stroke

(2010) Kazuhide Hayakawa et al.   Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

Significance of Brain Tissue Oxygenation and the Arachidonic Acid Cascade in Stroke

(2010) Cameron Rink et al.   ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING

Therapeutic effect of IL-12/23 and their signaling pathway blockade on brain ischemia model

(2010) Fumie Konoeda et al.   BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS

Neuroprotective Effects of Leonurine on Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunctions in Rat Cerebral Cortex

(2010) Jia Qi et al.   BIOLOGICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN

Astaxanthin upregulates heme oxygenase-1 expression through ERK1/2 pathway and its protective effect against beta-amyloid-induced cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells

(2010) Hong-Quan Wang et al.   BRAIN RESEARCH

Neuroprotective effect of morroniside on focal cerebral ischemia in rats

(2010) Wen Wang et al.   BRAIN RESEARCH BULLETIN

The Inflammasomes

(2010) Kate Schroder et al.   CELL

Mechanisms Underlying Inflammation in Neurodegeneration

(2010) Christopher K. Glass et al.   CELL

PET tracers for the peripheral benzodiazepine receptor and uses thereof

(2010) Pernilla J. Schweitzer et al.   DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY

Developing a library of authenticated Traditional Chinese Medicinal (TCM) plants for systematic biological evaluation — Rationale, methods and preliminary results from a Sino-American collaboration

(2010) David M. Eisenberg et al.   FITOTERAPIA

Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor Promotes Cell Death and Aggravates Neurologic Deficits after Experimental Stroke

(2010) Ana R Inácio et al.   JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM

Mast Cells as Early Responders in the Regulation of Acute Blood–Brain Barrier Changes after Cerebral Ischemia and Hemorrhage

(2010) Perttu Johannes Lindsberg et al.   JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM

Ginsenoside Rb1 regulates the expressions of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and caspase-3 and induces neurogenesis in rats with experimental cerebral ischemia

(2010) Xiao-Qing Gao et al.   JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY

Inflammatory mechanisms in ischemic stroke: role of inflammatory cells

(2010) Rong Jin et al.   JOURNAL OF LEUKOCYTE BIOLOGY

Peroxynitrite decomposition catalyst prevents matrix metalloproteinase activation and neurovascular injury after prolonged cerebral ischemia in rats

(2010) Yalikun Suofu et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY

A role for mitochondria in NLRP3 inflammasome activation

(2010) Rongbin Zhou et al.   NATURE

Circulating mitochondrial DAMPs cause inflammatory responses to injury

(2010) Qin Zhang et al.   NATURE

Degeneration and repair in central nervous system disease

(2010) Eng H Lo   NATURE MEDICINE

Escin attenuates cognitive deficits and hippocampal injury after transient global cerebral ischemia in mice via regulating certain inflammatory genes

(2010) Leiming Zhang et al.   NEUROCHEMISTRY INTERNATIONAL

Ginsenoside Rd attenuates early oxidative damage and sequential inflammatory response after transient focal ischemia in rats

(2010) Ruidong Ye et al.   NEUROCHEMISTRY INTERNATIONAL

The Science of Stroke: Mechanisms in Search of Treatments

(2010) Michael A. Moskowitz et al.   NEURON

Nitric oxide and oxidative stress in vascular disease

(2010) Ulrich Förstermann   PFLUGERS ARCHIV-EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY

The effects of Tanshinone IIA on blood–brain barrier and brain edema after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats

(2010) Chao Tang et al.   PHYTOMEDICINE

Leonurine Protects Middle Cerebral Artery Occluded Rats Through Antioxidant Effect and Regulation of Mitochondrial Function

(2010) Kok Poh Loh et al.   STROKE

Platelets enhance lymphocyte adhesion and infiltration into arterial thrombus

(2010) Hu Hu et al.   THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS

Mitochondrial Peptides Are Potent Immune Activators That Activate Human Neutrophils Via FPR-1

(2010) Mustafa Raoof et al.   JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE

Cornel iridoid glycoside promotes neurogenesis and angiogenesis and improves neurological function after focal cerebral ischemia in rats

(2009) R.-Q. Yao et al.   BRAIN RESEARCH BULLETIN

A Nurr1/CoREST Pathway in Microglia and Astrocytes Protects Dopaminergic Neurons from Inflammation-Induced Death

(2009) Kaoru Saijo et al.   CELL

Efficacy and safety of ginsenoside-Rd for acute ischaemic stroke: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase II multicenter trial

(2009) X. Liu et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY

Protective effect of naringin against ischemic reperfusion cerebral injury: Possible neurobehavioral, biochemical and cellular alterations in rat brain

(2009) Vaibhav Gaur et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY

Therapeutic window for cinnamophilin following oxygen–glucose deprivation and transient focal cerebral ischemia

(2009) E-Jian Lee et al.   EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY

Endogenous brain protection by granulocyte-colony stimulating factor after ischemic stroke

(2009) Sevgi Sevimli et al.   EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY

Protection by tetrahydroxystilbene glucoside against cerebral ischemia: involvement of JNK, SIRT1, and NF-κB pathways and inhibition of intracellular ROS/RNS generation

(2009) Ting Wang et al.   FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE

In vivoover-expression of interleukin-10 increases resistance to focal brain ischemia in mice

(2009) Fabienne de Bilbao et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY

Microglia Protect Neurons against Ischemia by Synthesis of Tumor Necrosis Factor

(2009) K. L. Lambertsen et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE

Essential Role of Cytoplasmic cdk5 and Prx2 in Multiple Ischemic Injury Models, In Vivo

(2009) J. Rashidian et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE

Inflammatory mechanisms in ischemic stroke: therapeutic approaches

(2009) Shaheen E Lakhan et al.   Journal of Translational Medicine

Global variation in stroke burden and mortality: estimates from monitoring, surveillance, and modelling

(2009) S Claiborne Johnston et al.   LANCET NEUROLOGY

HMGB proteins function as universal sentinels for nucleic-acid-mediated innate immune responses

(2009) Hideyuki Yanai et al.   NATURE

Pivotal role of cerebral interleukin-17–producing γδT cells in the delayed phase of ischemic brain injury

(2009) Takashi Shichita et al.   NATURE MEDICINE

Regulatory T cells are key cerebroprotective immunomodulators in acute experimental stroke

(2009) Arthur Liesz et al.   NATURE MEDICINE

Puerarinprotects against ischemic brain injury in a rat model of transient focal ischemia

(2009) Li Gao et al.   NEUROLOGICAL RESEARCH

Purinergic signalling in inflammation of the central nervous system

(2009) Francesco Di Virgilio et al.   TRENDS IN NEUROSCIENCES

Inflammatory Markers and Poor Outcome after Stroke: A Prospective Cohort Study and Systematic Review of Interleukin-6

(2009) William Whiteley et al.   PLOS MEDICINE

Regulation of haeme oxygenase-1 for treatment of neuroinflammation and brain disorders

(2008) P J Syapin   BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY

Inhibition of the Inflammasome Complex Reduces the Inflammatory Response after Thromboembolic Stroke in Mice

(2008) Denise P Abulafia et al.   JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM

Oxidation-specific epitopes are important targets of innate immunity

(2008) M.-Y. Chou et al.   JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE

Huperzine A exhibits anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects in a rat model of transient focal cerebral ischemia

(2008) Zhi-Fei Wang et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY

TNF signaling inhibition in the CNS: implications for normal brain function and neurodegenerative disease

(2008) Melissa K McCoy et al.   Journal of Neuroinflammation

The HMGB1 Receptor RAGE Mediates Ischemic Brain Damage

(2008) S. Muhammad et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE

Green tea polyphenol (-)-epigallocatechin gallate reduces neuronal cell damage and up-regulation of MMP-9 activity in hippocampal CA1 and CA2 areas following transient global cerebral ischemia

(2008) Jong-Wan Park et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH

Purinergic signalling and disorders of the central nervous system

(2008) Geoffrey Burnstock   NATURE REVIEWS DRUG DISCOVERY

Brain inflammation and adult neurogenesis: The dual role of microglia

(2008) C.T. Ekdahl et al.   NEUROSCIENCE

20(S)-ginsenoside Rg3, a neuroprotective agent, inhibits mitochondrial permeability transition pores in rat brain

(2008) Jingwei Tian et al.   PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH

Tracking the inflammatory response in stroke in vivo by sensing the enzyme myeloperoxidase

(2008) M. O. Breckwoldt et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Apigenin inhibits the production of NO and PGE2 in microglia and inhibits neuronal cell death in a middle cerebral artery occlusion-induced focal ischemia mice model

(2007) Sang Keun Ha et al.   NEUROCHEMISTRY INTERNATIONAL