Modern Subunit Vaccines: Development, Components, and Research Opportunities

TLR9 agonist CpG enhances protective nasal HSP60 peptide vaccine efficacy in experimental autoimmune arthritis

(2012) Evelien Zonneveld-Huijssoon et al.   ANNALS OF THE RHEUMATIC DISEASES

Pattern recognition receptors: sentinels in innate immunity and targets of new vaccine adjuvants

(2012) Colleen Olive   Expert Review of Vaccines

The current challenges for vaccine development

(2012) P. Oyston et al.   JOURNAL OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY

Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines: Current Status and Moving Forward

(2012) J. Schlom   JNCI-Journal of the National Cancer Institute

Reverse vaccinology on the cusp

(2012) Dan Jones   NATURE REVIEWS DRUG DISCOVERY

Synthetic Toll Like Receptor-4 (TLR-4) Agonist Peptides as a Novel Class of Adjuvants

(2012) Arulkumaran Shanmugam et al.   PLoS One

A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized, Clinical Trial of the TLR-3 Agonist Rintatolimod in Severe Cases of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

(2012) David R. Strayer et al.   PLoS One

Immunological Evaluation of Lipopeptide Group A Streptococcus (GAS) Vaccine: Structure-Activity Relationship

(2012) Mehfuz Zaman et al.   PLoS One

AS03 Adjuvanted AH1N1 Vaccine Associated with an Abrupt Increase in the Incidence of Childhood Narcolepsy in Finland

(2012) Hanna Nohynek et al.   PLoS One

Structural Basis of TLR5-Flagellin Recognition and Signaling

(2012) S.-i. Yoon et al.   SCIENCE

Simultaneous Targeting of Toll- and Nod-Like Receptors Induces Effective Tumor-Specific Immune Responses

(2012) J. Garaude et al.   Science Translational Medicine

Recombinant protein vaccines produced in insect cells

(2012) Manon M.J. Cox   VACCINE

Virus-like particles as a highly efficient vaccine platform: Diversity of targets and production systems and advances in clinical development

(2012) Natasha Kushnir et al.   VACCINE

A totally synthetic lipopeptide-based self-adjuvanting vaccine induces neutralizing antibodies against heat-stable enterotoxin from enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli

(2012) Weiguang Zeng et al.   VACCINE

Structural Biology of the Toll-Like Receptor Family

(2011) Jin Young Kang et al.   Annual Review of Biochemistry

Universal vaccines: shifting to one for many or shooting too high too soon!

(2011) MAWIEH HAMAD   APMIS

Mannosylated Dextran Nanoparticles: A pH-Sensitive System Engineered for Immunomodulation through Mannose Targeting

(2011) Lina Cui et al.   BIOCONJUGATE CHEMISTRY

Simple synthetic toll-like receptor 2 ligands

(2011) Abu-Baker M. Abdel-Aal et al.   BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS

Toward self-adjuvanting subunit vaccines: Model peptide and protein antigens incorporating covalently bound toll-like receptor-7 agonistic imidazoquinolines

(2011) Nikunj M. Shukla et al.   BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS

Vaccines Against Drug Abuse

(2011) X Y Shen et al.   CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS

License to kill: Formulation requirements for optimal priming of CD8+ CTL responses with particulate vaccine delivery systems

(2011) Camilla Foged et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES

AE37: a novel T-cell-eliciting vaccine for breast cancer

(2011) Alan K Sears et al.   EXPERT OPINION ON BIOLOGICAL THERAPY

TLR-7 and -8 agonists as vaccine adjuvants

(2011) Mark A Tomai et al.   Expert Review of Vaccines

Respiratory syncytial virus vaccine development

(2011) Julia L Hurwitz   Expert Review of Vaccines

Peptidomimetics: modifying peptides in the pursuit of better vaccines

(2011) Nathan P Croft et al.   Expert Review of Vaccines

CpG DNA as a vaccine adjuvant

(2011) Christian Bode et al.   Expert Review of Vaccines

Toll-like receptor-mediated adjuvanticity and immunomodulation in dendritic cells: Implications for peptide vaccines

(2011) Daniel Mitchell et al.   Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics

Toll-like Receptors and Their Crosstalk with Other Innate Receptors in Infection and Immunity

(2011) Taro Kawai et al.   IMMUNITY

Pathogen Recognition by the Innate Immune System

(2011) Himanshu Kumar et al.   INTERNATIONAL REVIEWS OF IMMUNOLOGY

A Modular Approach to Assembly of Totally Synthetic Self-adjuvanting Lipopeptide-based Vaccines Allows Conformational Epitope Building

(2011) Weiguang Zeng et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

A new cloning system based on the OprI lipoprotein for the production of recombinant bacterial cell wall-derived immunogenic formulations

(2011) Afonso P. Basto et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY

Protective T cell immunity in mice following protein-TLR7/8 agonist-conjugate immunization requires aggregation, type I IFN, and multiple DC subsets

(2011) Kathrin Kastenmüller et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION

MHC Class II Epitope Nesting Modulates Dendritic Cell Function and Improves Generation of Antigen-Specific CD4 Helper T Cells

(2011) C. L. Erskine et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Soluble Proteins Induce Strong CD8+ T Cell and Antibody Responses through Electrostatic Association with Simple Cationic or Anionic Lipopeptides That Target TLR2

(2011) B. Y. Chua et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Dendritic cell-targeted protein vaccines: a novel approach to induce T-cell immunity

(2011) C. Trumpfheller et al.   JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE

Alum adjuvant: some of the tricks of the oldest adjuvant

(2011) M. Kool et al.   JOURNAL OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY

Structure–Activity Relationships in Toll-Like Receptor 2-Agonists Leading to Simplified Monoacyl Lipopeptides

(2011) Geetanjali Agnihotri et al.   JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY

Computational Design of High-Affinity Epitope Scaffolds by Backbone Grafting of a Linear Epitope

(2011) Mihai L. Azoitei et al.   JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Expression of an endotoxin-free S-layer/allergen fusion protein in gram-positive Bacillus subtilis 1012 for the potential application as vaccines for immunotherapy of atopic allergy

(2011) Nicola Ilk et al.   Microbial Cell Factories

Mouse and human intestinal immunity: same ballpark, different players; different rules, same score

(2011) D L Gibbons et al.   Mucosal Immunology

A 2020 vision for vaccines against HIV, tuberculosis and malaria

(2011) Rino Rappuoli et al.   NATURE

Immunological mechanisms of vaccination

(2011) Bali Pulendran et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

Heterologous Epitope-Scaffold Prime∶Boosting Immuno-Focuses B Cell Responses to the HIV-1 gp41 2F5 Neutralization Determinant

(2011) Javier Guenaga et al.   PLoS One

Immunogenicity and Efficacy of Flagellin-Fused Vaccine Candidates Targeting 2009 Pandemic H1N1 Influenza in Mice

(2011) Ge Liu et al.   PLoS One

Pathogen-associated molecular patterns on biomaterials: a paradigm for engineering new vaccines

(2011) Stacey L. Demento et al.   TRENDS IN BIOTECHNOLOGY

Boosting antibody responses by targeting antigens to dendritic cells

(2011) Irina Caminschi et al.   TRENDS IN IMMUNOLOGY

Experimental human pneumococcal carriage models for vaccine research

(2011) Daniela M. Ferreira et al.   TRENDS IN MICROBIOLOGY

Structural modification effects on bioactivities of the novel 15-mer peptide adjuvant

(2011) A.G. Laman et al.   VACCINE

Flagellin produced in plants is a potent adjuvant for oral immunization

(2011) Aurélie Girard et al.   VACCINE

Vaccines of the future

(2011) G.J.V. Nossal   VACCINE

Induction of a potent immune response in the elderly using the TLR-5 agonist, flagellin, with a recombinant hemagglutinin influenza–flagellin fusion vaccine (VAX125, STF2.HA1 SI)

(2011) David N. Taylor et al.   VACCINE

Virus aggregating peptide enhances the cell-mediated response to influenza virus vaccine

(2011) Jeremy C. Jones et al.   VACCINE

Safety and immunogenicity of a recombinant M2e–flagellin influenza vaccine (STF2.4xM2e) in healthy adults

(2011) Christine B. Turley et al.   VACCINE

Vaccine adjuvant activity of 3M-052: An imidazoquinoline designed for local activity without systemic cytokine induction

(2011) Dmitri Smirnov et al.   VACCINE

Intranasal administration of a flagellin-adjuvanted inactivated influenza vaccine enhances mucosal immune responses to protect mice against lethal infection

(2011) Seol Hee Hong et al.   VACCINE

The Virucidal EB Peptide Protects Host Cells from Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Infection in the Presence of Serum Albumin and Aggregates Proteins in a Detergent-Like Manner

(2010) H. Bultmann et al.   ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY

Designing polymeric particles for antigen delivery

(2010) Stefaan De Koker et al.   CHEMICAL SOCIETY REVIEWS

Results from a Phase I Clinical Study of the Novel Ii-Key/HER-2/neu(776-790) Hybrid Peptide Vaccine in Patients with Prostate Cancer

(2010) S. A. Perez et al.   CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH

TLR5 functions as an endocytic receptor to enhance flagellin-specific adaptive immunity

(2010) Shirdi E. Letran et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Advances in the design and delivery of peptide subunit vaccines with a focus on Toll-like receptor agonists

(2010) Matthew Black et al.   Expert Review of Vaccines

Combination adjuvants: the next generation of adjuvants?

(2010) George Mutwiri et al.   Expert Review of Vaccines

Immunoprofiling toll-like receptor ligands: Comparison of immunostimulatory and proinflammatory profiles in ex vivo human blood models

(2010) Jennifer D. Hood et al.   Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics

Toll-like Receptor 2 Signaling in CD4+ T Lymphocytes Promotes T Helper 17 Responses and Regulates the Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Disease

(2010) Joseph M. Reynolds et al.   IMMUNITY

Designing Vaccines Based on Biology of Human Dendritic Cell Subsets

(2010) Karolina Palucka et al.   IMMUNITY

Reverse Vaccinology: Developing Vaccines in the Era of Genomics

(2010) Alessandro Sette et al.   IMMUNITY

Vaccine Adjuvants: Putting Innate Immunity to Work

(2010) Robert L. Coffman et al.   IMMUNITY

Use of defined TLR ligands as adjuvants within human vaccines

(2010) Malcolm S. Duthie et al.   IMMUNOLOGICAL REVIEWS

TLR3 agonists as immunotherapeutic agents

(2010) Christopher F Nicodemus et al.   Immunotherapy

Flagellin as an Adjuvant: Cellular Mechanisms and Potential

(2010) S. B. Mizel et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

The Capacity To Induce Cross-Presentation Dictates the Success of a TLR7 Agonist-Conjugate Vaccine for Eliciting Cellular Immunity

(2010) J. Z. Oh et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Design of Three-Component Vaccines against Group A Streptococcal Infections: Importance of Spatial Arrangement of Vaccine Components

(2010) Abu-Baker M. Abdel-Aal et al.   JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY

Structure−Activity Relationships in Toll-like Receptor-2 Agonistic Diacylthioglycerol Lipopeptides

(2010) Wenyan Wu et al.   JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY

Lipidation of intact proteins produces highly immunogenic vaccine candidates

(2010) Weiguang Zeng et al.   MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY

Carbohydrate vaccines: developing sweet solutions to sticky situations?

(2010) Rena D. Astronomo et al.   NATURE REVIEWS DRUG DISCOVERY

Immunopotentiation of Trivalent Influenza Vaccine When Given with VAX102, a Recombinant Influenza M2e Vaccine Fused to the TLR5 Ligand Flagellin

(2010) H. Keipp Talbot et al.   PLoS One

Computational Design of Epitope-Scaffolds Allows Induction of Antibodies Specific for a Poorly Immunogenic HIV Vaccine Epitope

(2010) Bruno E. Correia et al.   STRUCTURE

Circulating regulatory T cells (CD4+CD25+FOXP3+) decrease in breast cancer patients after vaccination with a modified MHC class II HER2/neu (AE37) peptide

(2010) Jeremy D. Gates et al.   VACCINE

Structure–activity relationship of lipopeptide Group A streptococcus (GAS) vaccine candidates on toll-like receptor 2

(2010) Mehfuz Zaman et al.   VACCINE

HMGB1-derived peptide acts as adjuvant inducing immune responses to peptide and protein antigen

(2010) R. Saenz et al.   VACCINE

Safety and immunogenicity of a recombinant hemagglutinin influenza–flagellin fusion vaccine (VAX125) in healthy young adults

(2010) John J. Treanor et al.   VACCINE

The potential of 3′,5′-cyclic diguanylic acid (c-di-GMP) as an effective vaccine adjuvant

(2010) Wangxue Chen et al.   VACCINE

A Recombinant Flagellin-Poxvirus Fusion Protein Vaccine Elicits Complement-Dependent Protection Against Respiratory Challenge with Vaccinia Virus in Mice

(2010) Kristen N. Delaney et al.   VIRAL IMMUNOLOGY

IL-17 and Th17 Cells

(2009) Thomas Korn et al.   Annual Review of Immunology

3′,5′-Cyclic diguanylic acid elicits mucosal immunity against bacterial infection

(2009) Hongbin Yan et al.   BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS

Vaccines: the Fourth Century

(2009) S. A. Plotkin   Clinical and Vaccine Immunology

Physicochemical characterization and biological activity of synthetic TLR4 agonist formulations

(2009) Ryan C. Anderson et al.   COLLOIDS AND SURFACES B-BIOINTERFACES

TLR2-activated human langerhans cells promote Th17 polarization via IL-1β, TGF-β and IL-23

(2009) Ehsan Aliahmadi et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

The NLRP3 Inflammasome Mediates In Vivo Innate Immunity to Influenza A Virus through Recognition of Viral RNA

(2009) Irving C. Allen et al.   IMMUNITY

Recognition of Lipopeptide Patterns by Toll-like Receptor 2-Toll-like Receptor 6 Heterodimer

(2009) Jin Young Kang et al.   IMMUNITY

A novel synthetic adjuvant enhances dendritic cell function

(2009) Karen S. M. Phillipps et al.   IMMUNOLOGY

Receptors and ligands implicated in human T cell costimulatory processes

(2009) Judith Leitner et al.   IMMUNOLOGY LETTERS

TLR2 Promotes Th2/Th17 Responses via TLR4 and TLR7/8 by Abrogating the Type I IFN Amplification Loop

(2009) M. H. Wenink et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Production and characterization of monoclonal anti-sphingosine-1-phosphate antibodies

(2009) Nicole O'Brien et al.   JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH

A genital tract peptide epitope vaccine targeting TLR-2 efficiently induces local and systemic CD8+ T cells and protects against herpes simplex virus type 2 challenge

(2009) X Zhang et al.   Mucosal Immunology

Th17 cells at the crossroads of innate and adaptive immunity against infectious diseases at the mucosa

(2009) S A Khader et al.   Mucosal Immunology

The structural basis of lipopolysaccharide recognition by the TLR4–MD-2 complex

(2009) Beom Seok Park et al.   NATURE

Vaccination with ALVAC and AIDSVAX to Prevent HIV-1 Infection in Thailand

(2009) Supachai Rerks-Ngarm et al.   NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE

Dendritic cell targeting of Bacillus anthracis protective antigen expressed by Lactobacillus acidophilus protects mice from lethal challenge

(2009) M. Mohamadzadeh et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

A self-assembling peptide acting as an immune adjuvant

(2009) J. S. Rudra et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Immunoadjuvant capacity of flagellin and mannosamine-coated poly(anhydride) nanoparticles in oral vaccination

(2009) Hesham H. Salman et al.   VACCINE

A novel technology for the production of a heterologous lipoprotein immunogen in high yield has implications for the field of vaccine design

(2009) Hsin-Wei Chen et al.   VACCINE

CD8+ T cell adjuvant effects of Salmonella FliCd flagellin in live vaccine vectors or as purified protein

(2009) Catarina J.M. Braga et al.   VACCINE

Inhibition of Vaccinia virus entry by a broad spectrum antiviral peptide

(2009) S.E. Altmann et al.   VIROLOGY

TLR3: Interferon induction by double-stranded RNA including poly(I:C)☆

(2008) M MATSUMOTO et al.   ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY REVIEWS

The dendritic cell subtype-restricted C-type lectin Clec9A is a target for vaccine enhancement

(2008) I. Caminschi et al.   BLOOD

A phase II dose-ranging study of topical resiquimod to treat actinic keratosis

(2008) R.-M. Szeimies et al.   BRITISH JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY

Total chemical synthesis of proteins

(2008) Stephen B. H. Kent   CHEMICAL SOCIETY REVIEWS

Self-Adjuvanting Lipopeptide Vaccines

(2008) Peter Moyle et al.   CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY

A comparative analysis of cytokine responses, cell surface marker expression and MAPKs in DCs matured with LPS compared with a panel of TLR ligands

(2008) David Dowling et al.   CYTOKINE

Enhanced Immunogenicity of Plasmodium falciparum Peptide Vaccines Using a Topical Adjuvant Containing a Potent Synthetic Toll-Like Receptor 7 Agonist, Imiquimod

(2008) C. Othoro et al.   INFECTION AND IMMUNITY

Length-dependent recognition of double-stranded ribonucleic acids by retinoic acid–inducible gene-I and melanoma differentiation–associated gene 5

(2008) Hiroki Kato et al.   JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE

Efficacious Recombinant Influenza Vaccines Produced by High Yield Bacterial Expression: A Solution to Global Pandemic and Seasonal Needs

(2008) Langzhou Song et al.   PLoS One

Structural Basis of Toll-Like Receptor 3 Signaling with Double-Stranded RNA

(2008) L. Liu et al.   SCIENCE

Lipoprotein biogenesis in Gram-positive bacteria: knowing when to hold ‘em, knowing when to fold ‘em

(2008) Matthew I. Hutchings et al.   TRENDS IN MICROBIOLOGY

Efficient immune responses against Intimin and EspB of enterohaemorragic Escherichia coli after intranasal vaccination using the TLR2/6 agonist MALP-2 as adjuvant

(2008) Angel Cataldi et al.   VACCINE

In vivo oral administration effects of various oligodeoxynucleotides containing synthetic immunostimulatory motifs in the immune response to pseudorabies attenuated virus vaccine in newborn piglets

(2007) Zhang Linghua et al.   VACCINE

Potent immunogenicity and efficacy of a universal influenza vaccine candidate comprising a recombinant fusion protein linking influenza M2e to the TLR5 ligand flagellin

(2007) James W. Huleatt et al.   VACCINE