Toxin-Antitoxin Systems in Clinical Pathogens

The toxin GraT inhibits ribosome biogenesis

(2016) Andres Ainelo et al.   MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY

Persistence Increases in the Absence of the Alarmone Guanosine Tetraphosphate by Reducing Cell Growth

(2016) Nityananda Chowdhury et al.   Scientific Reports

Toxin-Antitoxin Systems of Staphylococcus aureus

(2016) Christopher Schuster et al.   Toxins

Comparative Genomics of Two ST 195 Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii with Different Susceptibility to Polymyxin Revealed Underlying Resistance Mechanism

(2016) Soo-Sum Lean et al.   Frontiers in Microbiology

The HigB/HigA toxin/antitoxin system ofPseudomonas aeruginosainfluences the virulence factors pyochelin, pyocyanin, and biofilm formation

(2016) Thammajun L. Wood et al.   MicrobiologyOpen

Combatting bacterial persister cells

(2015) Thomas K. Wood   BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING

The MqsR/MqsA toxin/antitoxin system protectsEscherichia coliduring bile acid stress

(2015) Brian W. Kwan et al.   ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY

Type II toxin–antitoxin systems are unevenly distributed among Escherichia coli phylogroups

(2015) Krzysztof Fiedoruk et al.   MICROBIOLOGY-SGM

Structural and functional studies of theMycobacterium tuberculosisVapBC30 toxin-antitoxin system: implications for the design of novel antimicrobial peptides

(2015) In-Gyun Lee et al.   NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH

MazF ribonucleases promote Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug tolerance and virulence in guinea pigs

(2015) Prabhakar Tiwari et al.   Nature Communications

Characterization of the genetic environment of blaESBL genes, integrons and toxin-antitoxin systems identified on large transferrable plasmids in multi-drug resistant Escherichia coli

(2015) Juan Wang et al.   Frontiers in Microbiology

Prediction of Type II Toxin-Antitoxin Loci in Klebsiella pneumoniae Genome Sequences

(2015) Yi-Qing Wei et al.   Interdisciplinary Sciences-Computational Life Sciences

The MazEF Toxin-Antitoxin System Alters the β-Lactam Susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus

(2015) Christopher F. Schuster et al.   PLoS One

Association Between Toxin-Antitoxin Systems and Biofilm Formation

(2015) Sajedeh Karimi et al.   Jundishapur Journal of Microbiology

The HicA toxin fromBurkholderia pseudomalleihas a role in persister cell formation

(2014) Aaron Butt et al.   BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL

Staphylococcus aureuschronic and relapsing infections: Evidence of a role for persister cells

(2014) Brian P. Conlon   BIOESSAYS

Mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in enterococci

(2014) William R Miller et al.   Expert Review of Anti-Infective Therapy

Characterization of plasmids carrying the blaOXA-24/40 carbapenemase gene and the genes encoding the AbkA/AbkB proteins of a toxin/antitoxin system*

(2014) Noraida Mosqueda et al.   JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY

The mazEF toxin-antitoxin system as a novel antibacterial target in Acinetobacter baumannii

(2014) Sobhan Ghafourian et al.   MEMORIAS DO INSTITUTO OSWALDO CRUZ

A widespread bacteriophage abortive infection system functions through a Type IV toxin–antitoxin mechanism

(2014) Ron L. Dy et al.   NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH

Internalization of Salmonella by Macrophages Induces Formation of Nonreplicating Persisters

(2014) S. Helaine et al.   SCIENCE

Dual Toxic-Peptide-Coding Staphylococcus aureus RNA under Antisense Regulation Targets Host Cells and Bacterial Rivals Unequally

(2014) Marie-Laure Pinel-Marie et al.   Cell Reports

Toxin-Antitoxin Systems as Multilevel Interaction Systems

(2014) Nathalie Goeders et al.   Toxins

Multiple Toxin-Antitoxin Systems in Mycobacterium tuberculosis

(2014) Ambre Sala et al.   Toxins

Staphylococcus aureus Small Colony Variants (SCVs): a road map for the metabolic pathways involved in persistent infections

(2014) Richard A. Proctor et al.   Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology

Functional validation of putative toxin-antitoxin genes from the Gram-positive pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae: phd-doc is the fourth bona-fide operon

(2014) Wai Ting Chan et al.   Frontiers in Microbiology

Involvement of toxin-antitoxin modules inBurkholderia cenocepaciabiofilm persistence

(2014) Heleen Van Acker et al.   Pathogens and Disease

Remarkable Mechanisms in Microbes to Resist Phage Infections

(2014) Ron L. Dy et al.   Annual Review of Virology

Arrested Protein Synthesis Increases Persister-Like Cell Formation

(2013) Brian W. Kwan et al.   ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY

The Third Replicon of Members of the Burkholderia cepacia Complex, Plasmid pC3, Plays a Role in Stress Tolerance

(2013) Kirsty Agnoli et al.   APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY

Light Activation of Staphylococcus aureus Toxin YoeBSa1 Reveals Guanosine-Specific Endoribonuclease Activity

(2013) Amy S. Larson et al.   BIOCHEMISTRY

Toxin GhoT of the GhoT/GhoS toxin/antitoxin system damages the cell membrane to reduce adenosine triphosphate and to reduce growth under stress

(2013) Hsin-Yao Cheng et al.   ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY

Clinical relevance of the ESKAPE pathogens

(2013) Jack N Pendleton et al.   Expert Review of Anti-Infective Therapy

Toxin-antitoxin systems are ubiquitous and versatile modulators of prokaryotic cell fate

(2013) Christopher F. Schuster et al.   FEMS MICROBIOLOGY LETTERS

Complete sequence of broad-host-range plasmid pNOR-2000 harbouring the metallo-β-lactamase gene blaVIM-2 from Pseudomonas aeruginosa

(2013) Rémy A. Bonnin et al.   JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY

Identification and Characterization of Type II Toxin-Antitoxin Systems in the Opportunistic Pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii

(2013) M. Jurenaite et al.   JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY

A Moderate Toxin, GraT, Modulates Growth Rate and Stress Tolerance of Pseudomonas putida

(2013) H. Tamman et al.   JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY

Proteomic Profiling ofMycobacterium tuberculosisIdentifies Nutrient-starvation-responsive Toxin–antitoxin Systems

(2013) Jakob Albrethsen et al.   MOLECULAR & CELLULAR PROTEOMICS

Insights into Dynamics of Mobile Genetic Elements in Hyperthermophilic Environments from Five New Thermococcus Plasmids

(2013) Mart Krupovic et al.   PLoS One

Genome Sequence of Lactobacillus pentosus KCA1: Vaginal Isolate from a Healthy Premenopausal Woman

(2013) Kingsley C. Anukam et al.   PLoS One

A regulatory role for Staphylococcus aureus toxin–antitoxin system PemIKSa

(2013) Michal Bukowski et al.   Nature Communications

ESBL-plasmids carrying toxin-antitoxin systems can be “cured” of wild-type Escherichia coli using a heat technique

(2013) Katharina Schaufler et al.   Gut Pathogens

A General Model for Toxin-Antitoxin Module Dynamics Can Explain Persister Cell Formation in E. coli

(2013) Lendert Gelens et al.   PLoS Computational Biology

A Toxin-Antitoxin Module of Salmonella Promotes Virulence in Mice

(2013) Miguel A. De la Cruz et al.   PLoS Pathogens

Bacterial Persistence and Toxin-Antitoxin Loci

(2012) Kenn Gerdes et al.   Annual Review of Microbiology

Comprehensive comparative-genomic analysis of Type 2 toxin-antitoxin systems and related mobile stress response systems in prokaryotes

(2012) Kira S Makarova et al.   Biology Direct

Toxin-antitoxin loci vapBC-1 and vapXD contribute to survival and virulence in nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae

(2012) Dabin Ren et al.   BMC MICROBIOLOGY

Type II toxin/antitoxin MqsR/MqsA controls type V toxin/antitoxin GhoT/GhoS

(2012) Xiaoxue Wang et al.   ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY

Functional and Structural Insights of aStaphylococcus aureusApoptotic-like Membrane Peptide from a Toxin-Antitoxin Module

(2012) Nour Sayed et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

Toxin-Antitoxin Genes of the Gram-Positive Pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae: So Few and Yet So Many

(2012) Wai Ting Chan et al.   MICROBIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REVIEWS

Structure and activity of AbiQ, a lactococcal endoribonuclease belonging to the type III toxin-antitoxin system

(2012) Julie E. Samson et al.   MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY

A new type V toxin-antitoxin system where mRNA for toxin GhoT is cleaved by antitoxin GhoS

(2012) Xiaoxue Wang et al.   Nature Chemical Biology

Identification and classification of bacterial Type III toxin–antitoxin systems encoded in chromosomal and plasmid genomes

(2012) Tim R. Blower et al.   NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH

The IncF plasmid pRSB225 isolated from a municipal wastewater treatment plant’s on-site preflooder combining antibiotic resistance and putative virulence functions is highly related to virulence plasmids identified in pathogenic E. coli isolates

(2012) Daniel Wibberg et al.   PLASMID

Bacterial type I toxin-antitoxin systems

(2012) Sabine Brantl   RNA Biology

Toxin-Antitoxin Systems Are Important for Niche-Specific Colonization and Stress Resistance of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli

(2012) J. Paul Norton et al.   PLoS Pathogens

Toxin-Antitoxin Systems in Bacteria and Archaea

(2011) Yoshihiro Yamaguchi et al.   Annual Review of Genetics

Genetic Environment and Stability ofcfrin Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus CM05

(2011) Jeffrey B. Locke et al.   ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY

Toxin-Antitoxin Systems Influence Biofilm and Persister Cell Formation and the General Stress Response

(2011) Xiaoxue Wang et al.   APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY

Characterization of N-acylhomoserine lactone-degrading bacteria associated with the Zingiber officinale (ginger) rhizosphere: Co-existence of quorum quenching and quorum sensing in Acinetobacter and Burkholderia

(2011) Kok-Gan Chan et al.   BMC MICROBIOLOGY

Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are prevalent and transcribed in clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

(2011) Julia J. Williams et al.   FEMS MICROBIOLOGY LETTERS

Genetic Regulation of the yefM-yoeB Toxin-Antitoxin Locus of Streptococcus pneumoniae

(2011) W. T. Chan et al.   JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY

RelE-Mediated Dormancy Is Enhanced at High Cell Density in Escherichia coli

(2011) Y. Tashiro et al.   JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY

Antitoxin MqsA helps mediate the bacterial general stress response

(2011) Xiaoxue Wang et al.   Nature Chemical Biology

Diversity of bacterial type II toxin–antitoxin systems: a comprehensive search and functional analysis of novel families

(2011) Raphaël Leplae et al.   NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH

Characterization and Transcriptome Analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Persisters

(2011) I. Keren et al.   mBio

A Novel Mechanism of Programmed Cell Death in Bacteria by Toxin–Antitoxin Systems Corrupts Peptidoglycan Synthesis

(2011) Hannes Mutschler et al.   PLOS BIOLOGY

Characterization of a chromosomal toxin–antitoxin, Rv1102c–Rv1103c system in Mycobacterium tuberculosis

(2010) Jeong-Sun Han et al.   BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS

Toxin–antitoxin systems: why so many, what for?

(2010) Laurence Van Melderen   CURRENT OPINION IN MICROBIOLOGY

The Yersinia pestis Chromosome Encodes Active Addiction Toxins

(2010) C. Goulard et al.   JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY

Pseudomonas aeruginosa Increases Formation of Multidrug-Tolerant Persister Cells in Response to Quorum-Sensing Signaling Molecules

(2010) N. Moker et al.   JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY

Emergence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strains Producing High Levels of Persister Cells in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis

(2010) L. R. Mulcahy et al.   JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY

The Three RelE Homologs of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Have Individual, Drug-Specific Effects on Bacterial Antibiotic Tolerance

(2010) R. Singh et al.   JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY

NoncognateMycobacterium tuberculosisToxin-Antitoxins Can Physically and Functionally Interact

(2010) Ling Zhu et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

Structure of theEscherichia coliAntitoxin MqsA (YgiT/b3021) Bound to Its Gene Promoter Reveals Extensive Domain Rearrangements and the Specificity of Transcriptional Regulation

(2010) Breann L. Brown et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

Assembly Dynamics and Stability of the Pneumococcal Epsilon Zeta Antitoxin Toxin (PezAT) System fromStreptococcus pneumoniae

(2010) Hannes Mutschler et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

Txe, an endoribonuclease of the enterococcal Axe-Txe toxin-antitoxin system, cleaves mRNA and inhibits protein synthesis

(2010) E. M. Halvorsen et al.   MICROBIOLOGY-SGM

Abundance of type I toxin–antitoxin systems in bacteria: searches for new candidates and discovery of novel families

(2010) Elizabeth M. Fozo et al.   NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH

Characterization of an interplay between a Mycobacterium tuberculosis MazF homolog, Rv1495 and its sole DNA topoisomerase I

(2010) Feng Huang et al.   NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH

The relBE2Spn Toxin-Antitoxin System of Streptococcus pneumoniae: Role in Antibiotic Tolerance and Functional Conservation in Clinical Isolates

(2010) Concha Nieto et al.   PLoS One

Ciprofloxacin Causes Persister Formation by Inducing the TisB toxin in Escherichia coli

(2010) Tobias Dörr et al.   PLOS BIOLOGY

Toxins Hha and CspD and small RNA regulator Hfq are involved in persister cell formation through MqsR in Escherichia coli

(2009) Younghoon Kim et al.   BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS

PCR-based plasmid typing inEnterococcus faeciumstrains reveals widely distributed pRE25-, pRUM-, pIP501- and pHTβ-related replicons associated with glycopeptide resistance and stabilizing toxin–antitoxin systems

(2009) Torill C.S. Rosvoll et al.   FEMS IMMUNOLOGY AND MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY

Staphylococcus aureus MazF Specifically Cleaves a Pentad Sequence, UACAU, Which Is Unusually Abundant in the mRNA for Pathogenic Adhesive Factor SraP

(2009) L. Zhu et al.   JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY

Regulation of the mazEF Toxin-Antitoxin Module in Staphylococcus aureus and Its Impact on sigB Expression

(2009) N. P. Donegan et al.   JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY

Overexpression of MazFSa in Staphylococcus aureus Induces Bacteriostasis by Selectively Targeting mRNAs for Cleavage

(2009) Z. Fu et al.   JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY

Staphylococcus aureus YoeB Homologues Inhibit Translation Initiation

(2009) S. Yoshizumi et al.   JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY

Bacterial Toxin HigB Associates with Ribosomes and Mediates Translation-dependent mRNA Cleavage at A-rich Sites

(2009) Jennifer M. Hurley et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

The Inhibitory Mechanism of Protein Synthesis by YoeB, anEscherichia coliToxin

(2009) Yonglong Zhang et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

MqsR, a Crucial Regulator for Quorum Sensing and Biofilm Formation, Is a GCU-specific mRNA Interferase inEscherichia coli

(2009) Yoshihiro Yamaguchi et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

Experimental determination of translational start sites resolves uncertainties in genomic open reading frame predictions - application to Mycobacterium tuberculosis

(2009) K. L. Smollett et al.   MICROBIOLOGY-SGM

Identification and characterization of a family of toxin-antitoxin systems related to the Enterococcus faecalis plasmid pAD1 par addiction module

(2009) K. E. Weaver et al.   MICROBIOLOGY-SGM

Three new RelE-homologous mRNA interferases ofEscherichia colidifferentially induced by environmental stresses

(2009) Mikkel Christensen-Dalsgaard et al.   MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY

A Differential Effect of E. coli Toxin-Antitoxin Systems on Cell Death in Liquid Media and Biofilm Formation

(2009) Ilana Kolodkin-Gal et al.   PLoS One

The phage abortive infection system, ToxIN, functions as a protein–RNA toxin–antitoxin pair

(2009) Peter C. Fineran et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Bacterial Toxin–Antitoxin Systems: More Than Selfish Entities?

(2009) Laurence Van Melderen et al.   PLoS Genetics

Comprehensive Functional Analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Toxin-Antitoxin Systems: Implications for Pathogenesis, Stress Responses, and Evolution

(2009) Holly R. Ramage et al.   PLoS Genetics

Three Dimensional Structure of the MqsR:MqsA Complex: A Novel TA Pair Comprised of a Toxin Homologous to RelE and an Antitoxin with Unique Properties

(2009) Breann L. Brown et al.   PLoS Pathogens

Acinetobacter baumannii: Emergence of a Successful Pathogen

(2008) A. Y. Peleg et al.   CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS

Killing activity and rescue function of genome-wide toxin–antitoxin loci ofMycobacterium tuberculosis

(2008) Amita Gupta   FEMS MICROBIOLOGY LETTERS

Insights from the complete genome sequence of Mycobacterium marinum on the evolution of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

(2008) T. P. Stinear et al.   GENOME RESEARCH

Toxin-Antitoxin Systems in Escherichia coli Influence Biofilm Formation through YjgK (TabA) and Fimbriae

(2008) Y. Kim et al.   JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY

Three Mycobacterium tuberculosis Rel Toxin-Antitoxin Modules Inhibit Mycobacterial Growth and Are Expressed in Infected Human Macrophages

(2008) S. B. Korch et al.   JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY

The Pangenome Structure of Escherichia coli: Comparative Genomic Analysis of E. coli Commensal and Pathogenic Isolates

(2008) D. A. Rasko et al.   JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY

A small SOS-induced toxin is targeted against the inner membrane in Escherichia coli

(2008) Cecilia Unoson et al.   MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY

Complete sequence of Enterococcus faecium pVEF3 and the detection of an ω-ε-ζ toxin–antitoxin module and an ABC transporter

(2008) H. Sletvold et al.   PLASMID

Probing Host Pathogen Cross-Talk by Transcriptional Profiling of Both Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Infected Human Dendritic Cells and Macrophages

(2008) Ludovic Tailleux et al.   PLoS One

Protein Translation and Cell Death: The Role of Rare tRNAs in Biofilm Formation and in Activating Dormant Phage Killer Genes

(2008) Rodolfo García-Contreras et al.   PLoS One

Identification of Biofilm-Associated Cluster (bac) in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Involved in Biofilm Formation and Virulence

(2008) Camille Macé et al.   PLoS One