Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xianjiao Liu, Jinyan Li, Mengdie Shi, Jun Fu, Yubo Wang, Weili Kang, Jinyan Liu, Fenxia Zhu, Kehe Huang, Xingxiang Chen, Yunhuan Liu
Summary: Melatonin (MT) improves hepatic injury and fibrosis in cholestatic liver disease mice by remodeling gut microbiota and activating intestinal farnesoid X receptor (FXR)/fibroblast growth factor 15 (FGF-15) axis-mediated inhibition of hepatic bile acid synthesis and promotion of bile acid excretion.
JOURNAL OF PINEAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Halima Sultana, Michio Komai, Hitoshi Shirakawa
Summary: Vitamin K plays a critical role in liver diseases, particularly in conditions related to cholestasis. By modulating PXR, vitamin K may have a positive impact on cholestasis and liver fibrosis.
Article
Microbiology
Snehal N. Chaudhari, James N. Luo, David A. Harris, Hassan Aliakbarian, Lina Yao, Donggi Paik, Renuka Subramaniam, Arijit A. Adhikari, Ashley H. Vernon, Ayse Kilic, Scott T. Weiss, Jun R. Huh, Eric G. Sheu, A. Sloan Devlin
Summary: Bariatric surgery is the most effective treatment for type 2 diabetes, associated with changes in gut metabolites. Activation of the vitamin D receptor post-surgery leads to increased production of cholic acid-7-sulfate (CA7S), facilitating selective transport across the gut epithelium. Additionally, the microbiome-dependent pathway plays a crucial role in connecting a microbial metabolite with the improvement of diabetic phenotypes through CA7S synthesis and GLP-1 secretion.
CELL HOST & MICROBE
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Yongtao Xiao, Ying Wang, Yang Liu, Weipeng Wang, Xinbei Tian, Shanshan Chen, Ying Lu, Jun Du, Wei Cai
Summary: TXR potently ameliorated cholestatic liver injury and fibrosis by modulating the gut-liver axis in piglets, supporting its potential as a therapeutic strategy for cholestatic liver diseases.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Yankai Wen, Christoph Emontzpohl, Long Xu, Constance L. Atkins, Jong-Min Jeong, Yang Yang, Kangho Kim, Chuan Wu, Shizuo Akira, Cynthia Ju
Summary: IL-33 has been found to promote liver regeneration through the IL-33/ST2-induced release of serotonin from enterochromaffin cells into portal blood and subsequent activation of HTR2A/p70S6K in hepatocytes.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Dajana Lichtenstein, Alexandra Lasch, Jimmy Alarcan, Almut Mentz, Joern Kalinowski, Felix F. Schmidt, Oliver Poetz, Philip Marx-Stoelting, Albert Braeuning
Summary: In real life, organisms are exposed to complex mixtures of chemicals at low concentration levels, whereas research on toxicological effects is mostly focused on single compounds at comparably high doses. Mixture effects deviating from the assumption of additivity, especially synergistic effects, are of concern. This study demonstrates the enhanced triglyceride accumulation in human liver cells caused by a mixture of fatty chemicals at low concentrations, revealing potentially synergistic effects. Mathematical modeling and transcript pattern analysis further support the existence of more than additive behavior in mixture effects.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Benedikt Simbrunner, Michael Trauner, Thomas Reiberger
Summary: Bile acids play a crucial role in maintaining bile acid homeostasis and regulating the development of liver diseases through the gut-liver axis. The nuclear bile acid farnesoid X receptor (FXR) has emerged as a key therapeutic target in bile acid signalling pathways. Experimental evidence suggests that bile acid signalling can improve the intestinal barrier and protect against bacterial translocation in cirrhosis, showing efficacy in cholestatic and metabolic liver diseases. However, further research is needed to demonstrate similar effects in advanced liver disease, particularly in patients with decompensated cirrhosis.
ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Herbert Tilg, Timon E. Adolph, Michael Trauner
Summary: Bidirectional crosstalk between the gut and liver plays a crucial role in regulating gastrointestinal health and disease. Nutrients, microbial antigens, metabolites, and bile acids regulate metabolism and immune responses in the gut and liver, which reciprocally shape the structure and function of the microbial community. Perturbation of this host-microbe interaction is observed in various liver diseases and is exacerbated by impaired intestinal barrier, contributing to hepatic inflammation and disease progression.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jianing Tian, Ruimin Wang, Xiao Yang, Jie Yang, Yifei Zhang, Xuan Li, Hangfei Liang, Shicheng Fan, Yue Gao, Simin Zhang, Xiangyang Qu, Min Huang, Huichang Bi
Summary: This study aimed to explore the features of spatial changes in hepatocytes during PXR-induced liver enlargement. The results showed that hepatocyte hypertrophy mainly occurred around the central vein, while hepatocyte proliferation mainly occurred around the portal vein. Furthermore, the spatial changes in hepatocyte hypertrophy and proliferation were closely associated with the regional expression of related proteins and the regional distribution of triglycerides.
CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Cynthia L. Hsu, Bernd Schnabl
Summary: The trillions of microorganisms in the human intestine play a crucial role in maintaining health, and disruptions in the gut microbial communities can lead to diseases. The gut microbiota has a symbiotic relationship with the gut, liver, and immune system. Environmental factors such as high-fat diets and alcohol consumption can disrupt and alter the microbial communities, resulting in dysfunction of the intestinal barrier, translocation of microbial components to the liver, and the development or progression of liver disease.
NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Mark A. Febbraio, Michael Karin
Summary: Fructose is closely related to metabolic diseases, with consumption of high-fructose corn syrup correlating with increased rates of obesity and diabetes. In addition to being metabolized in the liver, fructose has been found to be metabolized in the small intestine, leading to deterioration of the intestinal epithelial barrier. The gut-liver axis plays a key role in fructose metabolism and pathology, along with the direct effects of fructose on liver metabolism.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Andreas Blesl, Vanessa Stadlbauer
Summary: The gut-liver axis is a crucial physiological interplay between the gut and liver, with disruptions playing a key role in the evolution and progression of chronic cholestatic liver diseases. Key features of this cycle include the gut microbiome, gut barrier, bacterial translocation, and bile acid metabolism. Understanding of the alterations in the gut-liver axis has significantly increased, influencing the pathogenesis and outcome of these diseases. Therapeutic implications and future scientific objectives are also outlined in this review.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Paola Brescia, Maria Rescigno
Summary: The intestinal barrier is crucial for protecting the body from external insults, and a breach in this barrier can lead to systemic microbial dissemination and various diseases. Imbalance in gut microbiota has been associated with intestinal vascular barrier leakage, contributing to the development of a range of disorders.
TRENDS IN MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Sharon Ann Barretto, Frederic Lasserre, Marine Huillet, Marion Regnier, Arnaud Polizzi, Yannick Lippi, Anne Fougerat, Elodie Person, Sandrine Bruel, Colette Betoulieres, Claire Naylies, Celine Lukowicz, Sarra Smati, Laurence Guzylack, Maiwenn Olier, Vassilia Theodorou, Laila Mselli-Lakhal, Daniel Zalko, Walter Wahli, Nicolas Loiseau, Laurence Gamet-Payrastre, Herve Guillou, Sandrine Ellero-Simatos
Summary: This study identified PXR as a hepatic effector of microbiota-derived signals that regulate sexually dimorphic lipid and xenobiotic metabolisms in the liver. These findings reveal a potential new mechanism for unexpected drug-drug interactions.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Peng Zhang, Liyang Zheng, Yitao Duan, Yuting Gao, Huihui Gao, Daqing Mao, Yi Luo
Summary: The study revealed that TCS can cause liver injury by disturbing lipid metabolism and dysbiosis of gut microbiota. TCS also increases intestinal permeability, contributing to liver damage. The research provides new insights into the health impact of TCS on the human body.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Saurabh Sarkar, Salma Khatun, Moumita Dutta, Sumedha Roy
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY
(2017)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Prem Rajak, Moumita Dutta, Salma Khatun, Moutushi Mandi, Sumedha Roy
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2017)
Article
Toxicology
Prem Rajak, Salma Khatun, Moumita Dutta, Moutushi Mandi, Sumedha Roy
TOXICOLOGY RESEARCH
(2018)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Saurabh Sarkar, Moumita Dutta, Sumedha Roy
TOXICOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY
(2014)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Lyrialle W. Han, Lu Wang, Yuanyuan Shi, Joseph L. Dempsey, Olesya Pershutkina, Moumita Dutta, Theo K. Bammler, Julia Y. Cui, Qingcheng Mao
DRUG METABOLISM AND DISPOSITION
(2020)
Article
Toxicology
Matthew Gomez, Moumita Dutta, Alexander Suvorov, Xiaojian Shi, Haiwei Gu, Sridhar Mani, Julia Yue Cui
Summary: Maternal exposure to the toxicants BDE-47, TBBPA, and BPS had significant effects on the gut microbiome composition and metabolites in adult pups. Different chemicals regulated specific taxa and pathways in the gut microbiome, leading to potential immune suppression and dyslipidemia later in life. The study highlights the importance of understanding the impact of toxicants on the gut-liver axis and long-term health outcomes.
TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Prem Rajak, Abhratanu Ganguly, Saurabh Sarkar, Moutushi Mandi, Moumita Dutta, Sayanti Podder, Salma Khatun, Sumedha Roy
Summary: Persistent accumulation of immunotoxic substances on earth is a serious global issue affecting the immunity of people under pathogenic stress. Organophosphates not only impair immune response but also lead to severe respiratory ailments.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Naisi Li, Sean T. Koester, Daniel M. Lachance, Moumita Dutta, Julia Yue Cui, Neelendu Dey
Summary: The microbiome regulates gut motility through bile acid metabolism. Colonizing gnotobiotic mice with different synthetic gut bacterial communities revealed bile acid effects on colonic transit, with lithocholic acid showing the largest pro-motility effect. The enteric nervous system shows stereotypic and regional transcriptional responses to environmental perturbations, including different microbiota, bile acid profiles, and diet ingredients.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Sarah Kim, Sora Choi, Moumita Dutta, Jeffrey O. Asubonteng, Marianne Polunas, Michael Goedken, Frank J. Gonzalez, Julia Yue Cui, Maxwell A. Gyamfi
Summary: The study found that the presence of PXR exacerbates hepatic steatosis and inflammation, especially in males, with a gut microbiome signature prone to obesity and inflammation. This suggests that the gut microbiome may contribute to the exacerbation of NAFLD by PXR.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Toxicology
Joe Jongpyo Lim, Moumita Dutta, Joseph L. Dempsey, Hans-Joachim Lehmler, James MacDonald, Theo Bammler, Cheryl Walker, Terrance J. Kavanagh, Haiwei Gu, Sridhar Mani, Julia Yue Cui
Summary: Recent studies have shown that early life exposure to POPs may have a lifelong impact on disease risk, partly regulated by the gut microbiome. Among the three chemicals investigated, BDE-99 resulted in the most prominent developmental reprogramming of the gut-liver axis, leading to hepatic inflammatory and cancer-prone signatures, and a persistent increase in Akkermansia muciniphila in adulthood. This highlights the importance of exploring the interplay between early life environmental exposures, the gut microbiome, and disease development.
TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mallory Little, Moumita Dutta, Hao Li, Adam Matson, Xiaojian Shi, Gabby Mascarinas, Bruk Molla, Kris Weigel, Haiwei Gu, Sridhar Mani, Julia Yue Cui
Summary: In this study using genetically engineered mice, we discovered that the xenobiotic-sensing nuclear receptors PXR and CAR have bivalent hormetic functions in modulating the richness of gut microbiome. The absence of PXR or CAR increased microbial richness, while the absence of both receptors synergistically increased microbial richness. Deficiency in PXR and CAR led to an increase in pro-inflammatory bacteria and a decrease in primary taurine-conjugated bile acids, which may contribute to inflammation, oxidative stress, and cytotoxicity.
ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA B
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
George N. Ioannou, Sum P. Lee, Peter S. Linsley, Vivian Gersuk, Matthew M. Yeh, Yen-Ying Chen, Yi-Jen Peng, Moumita Dutta, Gabby Mascarinas, Bruk Molla, Julia Yue Cui, Christopher Savard
Summary: Under a high-cholesterol diet, Pcsk9 knockout mice exhibited increased hepatic free cholesterol and cholesterol crystals, along with more severe fibrosing steatohepatitis and a higher predisposition to liver cancer compared to wild-type mice.
HEPATOLOGY COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Moumita Dutta, Prem Rajak, Salma Khatun, Sumedha Roy
Article
Environmental Sciences
Salma Khatun, Prem Rajak, Moumita Dutta, Sumedha Roy