The application of isatin-based multicomponent-reactions in the quest for new bioactive and druglike molecules

Isatin dimers and their biological activities

(2020) Ya‐Zhou Zhang et al.   ARCHIV DER PHARMAZIE

An overview of spirooxindole as a promising scaffold for novel drug discovery

(2020) Li-Ming Zhou et al.   Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery

An update on the utility and safety of cholinesterase inhibitors for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease

(2020) Andrea Haake et al.   Expert Opinion On Drug Safety

Utility of Physicochemical Properties for the Prediction of Toxicological Outcomes: Takeda Perspective

(2020) Tomoya Yukawa et al.   ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters

Emerging Role of Sirtuin 2 in Parkinson’s Disease

(2020) Yumei Liu et al.   Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience

N-1,2,3-triazole-isatin derivatives for cholinesterase and β-amyloid aggregation inhibition: A comprehensive bioassay study

(2020) Carolina S. Marques et al.   BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY

The Yin and Yang of Current Antifungal Therapeutic Strategies: How Can We Harness Our Natural Defenses?

(2019) Tomas Di Mambro et al.   Frontiers in Pharmacology

Tuberculosis

(2019) Jennifer Furin et al.   LANCET

Anti-leishmanial effect of spiro dihydroquinoline-oxindoles on volume regulation decrease and sterol biosynthesis of Leishmania braziliensis

(2019) Jacques Leañez et al.   EXPERIMENTAL PARASITOLOGY

Spirooxindole-pyrrolidine heterocyclic hybrids promotes apoptosis through activation of caspase-3

(2019) Raju Suresh Kumar et al.   BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY

Click chemistry based multicomponent approach in the synthesis of spirochromenocarbazole tethered 1,2,3-triazoles as potential anticancer agents

(2019) Pramod V. Chavan et al.   BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY

Overview of Recent Strategic Advances in Medicinal Chemistry

(2019) Gaochan Wu et al.   JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY

Applications of machine learning in drug discovery and development

(2019) Jessica Vamathevan et al.   NATURE REVIEWS DRUG DISCOVERY

Ultrasonication-ionic liquid synergy for the synthesis of new potent anti-tuberculosis 1,2,4-triazol-1-yl-pyrazole based spirooxindolopyrrolizidines

(2019) Vinay Pogaku et al.   BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS

Multicomponent reactions in the synthesis of bioactive compounds: a review

(2019) Felipe Vitório et al.   CURRENT ORGANIC SYNTHESIS

Why Some Targets Benefit from beyond Rule of Five Drugs

(2019) Megan Egbert et al.   JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY

Are We Opening the Door to a New Era of Medicinal Chemistry or Being Collapsed to a Chemical Singularity?

(2019) Yan A. Ivanenkov et al.   JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY

Facile Synthesis of Dispiroheterocycles through One-Pot [3+2] Cycloaddition, and Their Antiviral Activity

(2019) Min Zhang et al.   SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART

Identification of Compounds That Interfere with High‐Throughput Screening Assay Technologies

(2019) Laurianne David et al.   ChemMedChem

The In Silico Drug Discovery Toolbox: Applications in Lead Discovery and Optimization

(2019) Agostino Bruno et al.   CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY

Isatin–azole hybrids and their anticancer activities

(2019) Yani Hou et al.   ARCHIV DER PHARMAZIE

Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillosis in 2019

(2019) Jean-Paul Latgé et al.   CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS

The global preclinical antibacterial pipeline

(2019) Ursula Theuretzbacher et al.   NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY

Synthesis of spiroindolone analogue via three components reaction of olefin with isatin and sarcosine: Anti-proliferative activity and computational studies

(2019) Abdullah Mohammed Al-Majid et al.   JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE

Novel Targets for Parkinson’s Disease: Addressing Different Therapeutic Paradigms and Conundrums

(2018) Pallavi Rane et al.   ACS Chemical Neuroscience

New pathogens, new tricks: emerging, drug-resistant fungal pathogens and future prospects for antifungal therapeutics

(2018) Jennifer Geddes-McAlister et al.   Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

The Development of Biologically Important Spirooxindoles as New Antimicrobial Agents

(2018) Yan-Tao Yang et al.   CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY

Revitalizing the drug pipeline: AntibioticDB, an open access database to aid antibacterial research and development

(2018) L J Farrell et al.   JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY

Task-specific Ionic Liquid Mediated Eco-compatible Approach for the Synthesis of Spirooxindole Derivatives and Their DNA Cleavage Activity

(2018) Anshu Dandia et al.   JOURNAL OF HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY

Regioselective Reactions, Spectroscopic Characterization, and Cytotoxic Evaluation of Spiro-pyrrolidine Thiophene

(2018) Sameh A. Rizk et al.   JOURNAL OF HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY

Emerging New Targets for the Treatment of Resistant Fungal Infections

(2018) Na Liu et al.   JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY

New spiro-oxindole constructed with pyrrolidine/thioxothiazolidin-4-one derivatives: Regioselective synthesis, X-ray crystal structures, Hirshfeld surface analysis, DFT, docking and antimicrobial studies

(2018) Assem Barakat et al.   JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE

Discovery, research, and development of new antibiotics: the WHO priority list of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and tuberculosis

(2018) Evelina Tacconelli et al.   LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Isatin derivatives and their antiviral properties against arboviruses, a Review

(2018) Paulo Andre Teixeira De Moraes Gomes et al.   MINI-REVIEWS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY

Sirtuin activators and inhibitors: Promises, achievements, and challenges

(2018) Han Dai et al.   PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS

Advances in the Synthesis of Isatins: A Survey of the Last Decade

(2018) Andrei Bogdanov et al.   SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART

Spirooxindole-fused pyrazolo pyridine derivatives: NiO–SiO2 catalyzed one-pot synthesis and antimicrobial activities

(2018) Swetha Yagnam et al.   SYNTHETIC COMMUNICATIONS

β-Cyclodextrin catalyzed one-pot four component auspicious protocol for synthesis of spiro[acridine-9,3′-indole]-2′,4,4′(1′H,5′H,10H)-trione as a potential antimicrobial agent

(2018) Asha V. Chate et al.   SYNTHETIC COMMUNICATIONS

Recent advances in the asymmetric catalytic synthesis of chiral 3-hydroxy and 3-aminooxindoles and derivatives: Medicinally relevant compounds

(2018) Pedro Brandão et al.   TETRAHEDRON

ADMETlab: a platform for systematic ADMET evaluation based on a comprehensively collected ADMET database

(2018) Jie Dong et al.   Journal of Cheminformatics

An eco-friendly catalytic system for multicomponent, one-pot synthesis of novel spiro-chromeno indoline-triones and their anti-prostate cancer potentials evaluated via alkaline phosphatase inhibition mechanism

(2018) M. Rajesh Kumar et al.   BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY

Potential targets for the development of new antifungal drugs

(2018) Hao Su et al.   JOURNAL OF ANTIBIOTICS

Leishmaniasis

(2018) Sakib Burza et al.   LANCET

Synthesis of Spirooxindole-O-Naphthoquinone-Tetrazolo[1,5-a]Pyrimidine Hybrids as Potential Anticancer Agents

(2018) Liqiang Wu et al.   MOLECULES

Therapeutic strategies for Parkinson disease: beyond dopaminergic drugs

(2018) Delphine Charvin et al.   NATURE REVIEWS DRUG DISCOVERY

Expanding the medicinal chemistry synthetic toolbox

(2018) Jonas Boström et al.   NATURE REVIEWS DRUG DISCOVERY

In silico, NMR and pharmacological evaluation of an hydroxyoxindole cholinesterase inhibitor

(2018) Patrícia Bacalhau et al.   BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY

Antibiotic resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa: mechanisms and alternative therapeutic strategies

(2018) Zheng Pang et al.   BIOTECHNOLOGY ADVANCES

Teixobactin: a novel anti-infective agent

(2018) Matthew W. McCarthy   Expert Review of Anti-Infective Therapy

Global, regional, and national burden of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

(2018) Emma Nichols et al.   LANCET NEUROLOGY

The burden of Parkinson's disease: a worldwide perspective

(2018) Walter A Rocca   LANCET NEUROLOGY

Global, regional, and national burden of Parkinson's disease, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

(2018) E. Ray Dorsey et al.   LANCET NEUROLOGY

Antifungal drugs: New insights in research & development

(2018) André Moraes Nicola et al.   PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS

Antibiotic resistance: a rundown of a global crisis

(2018) Bilal Aslam et al.   Infection and Drug Resistance

Novel benzosuberone conjugates as potential anti-proliferative agents: Design, synthesis and molecular docking studies

(2018) Suresh Kasaboina et al.   JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE

Isatin derivatives and their anti-bacterial activities

(2018) Hua Guo   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY

Synthesis of new thiazolo-pyrrolidine–(spirooxindole) tethered to 3-acylindole as anticancer agents

(2018) Mohammad Shahidul Islam et al.   BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY

Spirooxindoles as Potential Pharmacophores

(2017) Siva S. Panda et al.   MINI-REVIEWS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY

Facial Regioselective Synthesis of Novel Bioactive Spiropyrrolidine/Pyrrolizine-Oxindole Derivatives via a Three Components Reaction as Potential Antimicrobial Agents

(2017) Huwaida Hassaneen et al.   MOLECULES

Click-chemistry-based multicomponent condensation approach for design and synthesis of spirochromene-tethered 1,2,3-triazoles as potential antitubercular agents

(2017) Pramod V. Chavan et al.   RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES

A facile one pot C C and C N bond formation for the synthesis of spiro-benzodiazepines and their cytotoxicity

(2017) Burri Nagaraju et al.   TETRAHEDRON

3-Methyl-4-nitro-5-isatylidenyl-isoxazoles as 1,3-dipolarophiles for synthesis of polycyclic 3,3′-pyrrolidinyl-dispirooxindoles and their biological evaluation for anticancer activities

(2017) Bing Lin et al.   TETRAHEDRON

1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition Reactions for the Synthesis of Novel Oxindole Derivatives and Their Cytotoxic Properties

(2017) Prakash R. Mali et al.   ACS Combinatorial Science

ADME-Space: a new tool for medicinal chemists to explore ADME properties

(2017) Giovanni Bocci et al.   Scientific Reports

Antimicrobial Resistance of Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae: Epidemiology, Hypervirulence-Associated Determinants, and Resistance Mechanisms

(2017) Chang-Ro Lee et al.   Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology

SwissADME: a free web tool to evaluate pharmacokinetics, drug-likeness and medicinal chemistry friendliness of small molecules

(2017) Antoine Daina et al.   Scientific Reports

Rule of five in 2015 and beyond: Target and ligand structural limitations, ligand chemistry structure and drug discovery project decisions

(2016) Christopher A. Lipinski   ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY REVIEWS

A Novel Spirooxindole Derivative Inhibits the Growth of Leishmania donovani Parasites bothIn VitroandIn Vivoby Targeting Type IB Topoisomerase

(2016) Sourav Saha et al.   ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY

Application of PEG-400 as a green biodegradable polymeric medium for the catalyst-free synthesis of spiro-dihydropyridines and their use as acetyl and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors

(2016) Ammar Maryamabadi et al.   BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY

A BOILED-Egg To Predict Gastrointestinal Absorption and Brain Penetration of Small Molecules

(2016) Antoine Daina et al.   ChemMedChem

Do we need new antibiotics?

(2016) J.-M. Rolain et al.   CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION

Oxindole: A chemical prism carrying plethora of therapeutic benefits

(2016) Maninder Kaur et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY

“Is there an emerging need for new antifungals?”

(2016) John R. Perfect   EXPERT OPINION ON EMERGING DRUGS

Synthesis, characterization, biological evaluation and docking studies of 2′-[(2″,4″-difluorobiphenyl-4-yl)carbonyl]-1′-aryl-1′,2′,5′,6′,7′,7a′-hexahydrospiro[indole-3,3′-pyrrolizin]-2(1H)-ones

(2016) M. Fathimunnisa et al.   JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE

Synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular docking studies of some novel indenospiro derivatives as anticancer agents

(2016) Ajinkya A. Patravale et al.   Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers

Tuberculosis—advances in development of new drugs, treatment regimens, host-directed therapies, and biomarkers

(2016) Robert S Wallis et al.   LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES

One-Pot Synthesis of Spiro[chromeno[2,3-c]pyrazole-4,3′-indoline]-diones Using Sulfonic Acid Functionalized Nanoporous Silica SBA-Pr-SO3H and Study of Their Antimicrobial Properties

(2016) Ghodsi Mohammadi Ziarani et al.   POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC COMPOUNDS

Multicomponent assembly of novel antiproliferative steroidal dihydropyridinyl spirooxindoles

(2016) Yan-Ling Zhang et al.   STEROIDS

1,3-Dipolar cycloaddition enabled isoxazole-fused spiropyrrolidine oxindoles syntheses from 3-methyl-4-nitro-5-alkenyl-isoxazoles and azomethine ylides

(2016) Xiong-Wei Liu et al.   TETRAHEDRON

Construction of turmerone motif-fused spiropyrrolidine oxindoles and their biological evaluation for anticancer activities

(2016) Xiong-Li Liu et al.   TETRAHEDRON LETTERS

Therapeutic Potential of Spirooxindoles as Antiviral Agents

(2016) Na Ye et al.   ACS Infectious Diseases

Spiro-oxindoles as a Promising Class of Small Molecule Inhibitors of p53–MDM2 Interaction Useful in Targeted Cancer Therapy

(2016) Alpana K. Gupta et al.   Topics in Current Chemistry

Spiro[pyrrolidine-3, 3´-oxindole] as potent anti-breast cancer compounds: Their design, synthesis, biological evaluation and cellular target identification

(2016) Santanu Hati et al.   Scientific Reports

Ionic Liquid-Promoted Synthesis and Cholinesterase Inhibitory Activity of Highly Functionalized Spiropyrrolidines

(2015) Raju Suresh Kumar et al.   AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY

Sulfamic acid promoted one-pot three-component synthesis and cytotoxic evaluation of spirooxindoles

(2015) Ahmed Kamal et al.   BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS

Design of novel dispirooxindolopyrrolidine and dispirooxindolopyrrolothiazole derivatives as potential antitubercular agents

(2015) Chourouk Mhiri et al.   BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS

The discovery of oxazolones-grafted spirooxindoles via three-component diversity oriented synthesis and their preliminary biological evaluation

(2015) Hui Dong et al.   BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS

Facile and diastereoselective synthesis of 3,2′-spiropyrrolidine-oxindoles derivatives, their molecular docking and antiproliferative activities

(2015) D. Kathirvelan et al.   BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS

Multicomponent Reactions, Union of MCRs and Beyond

(2015) Tryfon Zarganes-Tzitzikas et al.   CHEMICAL RECORD

Spirooxindoles: Promising scaffolds for anticancer agents

(2015) Bin Yu et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY

Molecular diversity of spirooxindoles. Synthesis and biological activity

(2015) Tetyana L. Pavlovska et al.   MOLECULAR DIVERSITY

One pot multicomponent microwave and ultrasound assisted synthesis and antimicrobial activity of 2-(2-ethoxy-5-substituted-indol-3-ylidene)-1-aryl-ethanones

(2015) D. Ashok et al.   RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF GENERAL CHEMISTRY

Global trends in the distribution of Candida species causing candidemia

(2014) J. Guinea   CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION

Ultrasound promoted one pot synthesis of novel fluorescent triazolyl spirocyclic oxindoles using DBU based task specific ionic liquids and their antimicrobial activity

(2014) Harjinder Singh et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY

Novel spirooxindole–pyrrolidine compounds: Synthesis, anticancer and molecular docking studies

(2014) Y. Arun et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY

Privileged Structures: Efficient Chemical “Navigators” toward Unexplored Biologically Relevant Chemical Spaces

(2014) Jonghoon Kim et al.   JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY

A regioselective multicomponent protocol for the synthesis of novel bioactive 4-hydroxyquinolin-2(1H)-one grafted monospiropyrrolidine and thiapyrrolizidine hybrids

(2014) Mathan Sankaran et al.   MOLECULAR DIVERSITY

Facile, Regio- and Diastereoselective Synthesis of Spiro-Pyrrolidine and Pyrrolizine Derivatives and Evaluation of Their Antiproliferative Activities

(2014) Abdulrahman Almansour et al.   MOLECULES

Induction of systemic resistance against tobacco mosaic virus by Ningnanmycin in tobacco

(2014) Yongguang Han et al.   PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY

A green one-pot synthesis of spironaphthopyrano[1,2-b]indeno-7,3′-indolines

(2014) Shima Asadi et al.   RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES

Synthesis and evaluation of novel isatin and 5-isatinylidenerhodanine-based furan derivatives as antibacterial agents

(2014) Robabeh Baharfar et al.   RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES

Recent advances in the synthesis of biologically active spirooxindoles

(2014) Maria M.M. Santos   TETRAHEDRON

The clinical spectrum of pulmonary aspergillosis

(2014) C. Kosmidis et al.   THORAX

Efficient and mild one-pot synthesis of (E)-8′-arylidene-5′,6′,7′,8′-tetrahydrospiro[oxindole-3,4′-pyrano[3,2-c]pyridin] derivatives with potential antitumor activity

(2014) Dao-Cai Wang et al.   Arabian Journal of Chemistry

Implementation of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic strategies in early research phases of drug discovery and development at Novartis Institute of Biomedical Research

(2014) Tove Tuntland et al.   Frontiers in Pharmacology

Modern multicomponent reactions for better drug syntheses

(2014) Tryfon Zarganes-Tzitzikas et al.   Organic Chemistry Frontiers

Facile one-pot synthesis of novel dispirooxindole-pyrrolidine derivatives and their antimicrobial and anticancer activity against A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cancer cell line

(2013) Y. Arun et al.   BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS

Cu(OTf)2 catalyzed three component reaction: Efficient synthesis of spiro[indoline-3,4′-pyrano[3,2-b]pyran derivatives and their anticancer potency towards A549 human lung cancer cell lines

(2013) K. Parthasarathy et al.   BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS

How can attrition rates be reduced in cancer drug discovery?

(2013) Lucas Moreno et al.   Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery

Synthesis of Some New Fused and Binary 1,3,4-Thiadiazoles as Potential Antitumor and Antioxidant Agents

(2013) Wafaa S. Hamama et al.   JOURNAL OF HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY

Sustainable Practices in Medicinal Chemistry: Current State and Future Directions

(2013) Marian C. Bryan et al.   JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY

Synthesis of novel spirooxindolo-pyrrolidines, pyrrolizidines, and pyrrolothiazoles via a regioselective three-component [3+2] cycloaddition and their preliminary antimicrobial evaluation

(2013) Guansheng Wu et al.   MOLECULAR DIVERSITY

Novel diastereoselective synthesis of spiropyrrolidine-oxindole derivatives as anti-breast cancer agents

(2013) Atul Kumar et al.   RSC Advances

Diversity-oriented synthesis of spiro-oxindole-based 2,5-dihydropyrroles via three-component cycloadditions and evaluation on their cytotoxicity

(2013) Wei Tan et al.   RSC Advances

Recent Advances in Diversity Oriented Synthesis through Isatin-based Multicomponent Reactions

(2013) Yunyun Liu et al.   Asian Journal of Organic Chemistry

Synthesis of novel spirooxindole derivatives by one pot multicomponent reaction and their antimicrobial activity

(2012) Gangaru Bhaskar et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY

Efficient entry to diversely functionalized spirooxindoles from isatin and their biological activity

(2012) Mazaahir Kidwai et al.   MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY RESEARCH

Quantifying the chemical beauty of drugs

(2012) G. Richard Bickerton et al.   Nature Chemistry

Synthesis of novel oxindolylpyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines via a three-component sequential tandem reaction

(2012) Kurosh Rad-Moghadam et al.   TETRAHEDRON

Expeditious synthesis, antibacterial activity evaluation and GQSAR studies of 3-bisoxindoles, 2-oxindolyl-2-hydroxyindan-1,3-diones and 2-oxindolyl-2-hydroxyacenaphthylen-1-ones

(2012) Neelakandan Vidhya Lakshmi et al.   RSC Advances

High drug attrition rates—where are we going wrong?

(2011) Lisa Hutchinson et al.   Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology

One-pot multicomponent synthesis and anti-microbial evaluation of 2′-(indol-3-yl)-2-oxospiro(indoline-3,4′-pyran) derivatives

(2010) A. Nandakumar et al.   BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS

Recent advances in multicomponent reactions for diversity-oriented synthesis

(2010) James E. Biggs-Houck et al.   CURRENT OPINION IN CHEMICAL BIOLOGY

New Substructure Filters for Removal of Pan Assay Interference Compounds (PAINS) from Screening Libraries and for Their Exclusion in Bioassays

(2010) Jonathan B. Baell et al.   JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY

Alzheimer's disease drug development and the problem of the blood-brain barrier

(2009) William M. Pardridge   Alzheimers & Dementia

Novel three-component domino reactions of ketones, isatin and amino acids: Synthesis and discovery of antimycobacterial activity of highly functionalised novel dispiropyrrolidines

(2009) Raju Suresh Kumar et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY

Sirtuins — novel therapeutic targets to treat age-associated diseases

(2008) Siva Lavu et al.   NATURE REVIEWS DRUG DISCOVERY