Soft medical microrobots: Design components and system integration

Dispersible hydrogel force sensors reveal patterns of solid mechanical stress in multicellular spheroid cultures

(2019) Wontae Lee et al.   Nature Communications

Adaptive locomotion of artificial microswimmers

(2019) H.-W. Huang et al.   Science Advances

Ingestible hydrogel device

(2019) Xinyue Liu et al.   Nature Communications

An ingestible self-orienting system for oral delivery of macromolecules

(2019) Alex Abramson et al.   SCIENCE

Bioinspired neuron-like electronics

(2019) Xiao Yang et al.   NATURE MATERIALS

Wearable biosensors for healthcare monitoring

(2019) Jayoung Kim et al.   NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY

Multi‐Responsive Bilayer Hydrogel Actuators with Programmable and Precisely Tunable Motions

(2019) Xiaojie Wang et al.   MACROMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS

Targeted drug delivery technology using untethered microrobots: a review

(2019) Deasung Jang et al.   JOURNAL OF MICROMECHANICS AND MICROENGINEERING

3D-Printed Microrobotic Transporters with Recapitulated Stem Cell Niche for Programmable and Active Cell Delivery

(2019) Immihan Ceren Yasa et al.   ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS

3D-Printed Biodegradable Microswimmer for Theranostic Cargo Delivery and Release

(2019) Hakan Ceylan et al.   ACS Nano

Safety Considerations of 7-T MRI in Clinical Practice

(2019) Michael N. Hoff et al.   RADIOLOGY

Magnetic nano-particles retrievable biodegradable hydrogel microrobot

(2019) Dong-in Kim et al.   SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL

Magnetically Actuated Degradable Microrobots for Actively Controlled Drug Release and Hyperthermia Therapy

(2019) Jongeon Park et al.   Advanced Healthcare Materials

Magnetically actuated microrobots as a platform for stem cell transplantation

(2019) Sungwoong Jeon et al.   Science Robotics

Micro/Nanomachines and Living Biosystems: From Simple Interactions to Microcyborgs

(2018) Hong Wang et al.   ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS

Self-Folded Hydrogel Tubes for Implantable Muscular Tissue Scaffolds

(2018) Lorenzo Vannozzi et al.   MACROMOLECULAR BIOSCIENCE

A Capsule-Type Microrobot with Pick-and-Drop Motion for Targeted Drug and Cell Delivery

(2018) Seungmin Lee et al.   Advanced Healthcare Materials

Machine Learning in Medical Imaging

(2018) Maryellen L. Giger   Journal of the American College of Radiology

Design of Microscale Magnetic Tumbling Robots for Locomotion in Multiple Environments and Complex Terrains

(2018) Chenghao Bi et al.   Micromachines

An intravascular magnetic wire for the high-throughput retrieval of circulating tumour cells in vivo

(2018) Ophir Vermesh et al.   Nature Biomedical Engineering

Small-scale soft-bodied robot with multimodal locomotion

(2018) Wenqi Hu et al.   NATURE

“Smart” materials-based near-infrared light-responsive drug delivery systems for cancer treatment: A review

(2018) Ali Raza et al.   Journal of Materials Research and Technology-JMR&T

Biodegradable Thermomagnetically Responsive Soft Untethered Grippers

(2018) Kunihiko Kobayashi et al.   ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

Preliminary study on alginate/NIPAM hydrogel-based soft microrobot for controlled drug delivery using electromagnetic actuation and near-infrared stimulus

(2018) Hyoryong Lee et al.   BIOMEDICAL MICRODEVICES

Universal Soft Robotic Microgripper

(2018) Haiyan Jia et al.   Small

Soft‐Matter Engineering for Soft Robotics

(2018) Carmel Majidi   Advanced Materials Technologies

Mechanics of hard-magnetic soft materials

(2018) Ruike Zhao et al.   JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS OF SOLIDS

Magnetically powered microrobots: a medical revolution underway?

(2017) Christophe Chautems et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CARDIO-THORACIC SURGERY

Trapping and patterning of large particles and cells in a 1D ultrasonic standing wave

(2017) Ruhollah Habibi et al.   LAB ON A CHIP

Inner Workings: Medical microrobots have potential in surgery, therapy, imaging, and diagnostics

(2017) Stephen Ornes   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Mechanical and Biological Effects of Ultrasound: A Review of Present Knowledge

(2017) Zahra Izadifar et al.   ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY

A Magnetically Actuated Microscaffold Containing Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Articular Cartilage Repair

(2017) Gwangjun Go et al.   Advanced Healthcare Materials

Hybrid BioMicromotors

(2017) Lukas Schwarz et al.   Applied Physics Reviews

External triggering and triggered targeting strategies for drug delivery

(2017) Yanfei Wang et al.   Nature Reviews Materials

Tissue–electronics interfaces: from implantable devices to engineered tissues

(2017) Ron Feiner et al.   Nature Reviews Materials

Ultraflexible nanoelectronic probes form reliable, glial scar–free neural integration

(2017) Lan Luan et al.   Science Advances

Characterization of Mechanically Matched Hydrogel Coatings to Improve the Biocompatibility of Neural Implants

(2017) Kevin C. Spencer et al.   Scientific Reports

Density and Shape Effects in the Acoustic Propulsion of Bimetallic Nanorod Motors

(2016) Suzanne Ahmed et al.   ACS Nano

Fuel-Free Synthetic Micro-/Nanomachines

(2016) Tailin Xu et al.   ADVANCED MATERIALS

Enhanced Survival with Implantable Scaffolds That Capture Metastatic Breast Cancer Cells In Vivo

(2016) Shreyas S. Rao et al.   CANCER RESEARCH

Near-infrared spectroscopy for medical applications: Current status and future perspectives

(2016) Akikazu Sakudo   CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA

The pathology of the foreign body reaction against biomaterials

(2016) R. Klopfleisch et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART A

Clinically Approved Nanoparticle Imaging Agents

(2016) A. S. Thakor et al.   JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE

Magneto-aerotactic bacteria deliver drug-containing nanoliposomes to tumour hypoxic regions

(2016) Ouajdi Felfoul et al.   Nature Nanotechnology

Optical imaging of individual biomolecules in densely packed clusters

(2016) Mingjie Dai et al.   Nature Nanotechnology

Active tumor-therapeutic liposomal bacteriobot combining a drug (paclitaxel)-encapsulated liposome with targeting bacteria (Salmonella Typhimurium)

(2016) Van Du Nguyen et al.   SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL

Magnetic actuated pH-responsive hydrogel-based soft micro-robot for targeted drug delivery

(2016) Hao Li et al.   Smart Materials and Structures

Engineering Immunomodulatory Biomaterials To Tune the Inflammatory Response

(2016) Ajaykumar Vishwakarma et al.   TRENDS IN BIOTECHNOLOGY

Soft micromachines with programmable motility and morphology

(2016) Hen-Wei Huang et al.   Nature Communications

An implantable compound-releasing capsule triggered on demand by ultrasound

(2016) Olga Ordeig et al.   Scientific Reports

Materials and technologies for soft implantable neuroprostheses

(2016) Stéphanie P. Lacour et al.   Nature Reviews Materials

Designing hydrogels for controlled drug delivery

(2016) Jianyu Li et al.   Nature Reviews Materials

Simultaneous steering and imaging of magnetic particles using MRI toward delivery of therapeutics

(2016) Ouajdi Felfoul et al.   Scientific Reports

Self-Folding Thermo-Magnetically Responsive Soft Microgrippers

(2015) Joyce C. Breger et al.   ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

Shape-Switching Microrobots for Medical Applications: The Influence of Shape in Drug Delivery and Locomotion

(2015) Stefano Fusco et al.   ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

Magnetite Nanostructured Porous Hollow Helical Microswimmers for Targeted Delivery

(2015) Xiaohui Yan et al.   ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS

Step-Index Optical Fiber Made of Biocompatible Hydrogels

(2015) Myunghwan Choi et al.   ADVANCED MATERIALS

Biological Soft Robotics

(2015) Adam W. Feinberg   Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering

Fabrication of Micro/Nanoscale Motors

(2015) Hong Wang et al.   CHEMICAL REVIEWS

Upconversion nanoparticles as versatile light nanotransducers for photoactivation applications

(2015) Niagara Muhammad Idris et al.   CHEMICAL SOCIETY REVIEWS

Six-degree-of-freedom magnetic actuation for wireless microrobotics

(2015) Eric Diller et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROBOTICS RESEARCH

Undulatory Locomotion of Magnetic Multilink Nanoswimmers

(2015) Bumjin Jang et al.   NANO LETTERS

Photoresponsive nanoparticles for drug delivery

(2015) Alina Y. Rwei et al.   Nano Today

Design, fabrication and control of soft robots

(2015) Daniela Rus et al.   NATURE

Size- and shape-dependent foreign body immune response to materials implanted in rodents and non-human primates

(2015) Omid Veiseh et al.   NATURE MATERIALS

Biomedical Applications of Untethered Mobile Milli/Microrobots

(2015) Metin Sitti et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE

Electronic dura mater for long-term multimodal neural interfaces

(2015) I. R. Minev et al.   SCIENCE

A Force to Be Reckoned With: A Review of Synthetic Microswimmers Powered by Ultrasound

(2015) K. Jagajjanani Rao et al.   Small

In vivo capture and label-free detection of early metastatic cells

(2015) Samira M. Azarin et al.   Nature Communications

pH-Taxis of Biohybrid Microsystems

(2015) Jiang Zhuang et al.   Scientific Reports

Stimuli-Responsive Theragrippers for Chemomechanical Controlled Release

(2014) Kate Malachowski et al.   ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION

Stimuli-responsive hydrogels in drug delivery and tissue engineering

(2014) Nikhil Sood et al.   DRUG DELIVERY

Prospects for near-infrared technology in remotely triggered drug delivery

(2014) Brian P Timko et al.   Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery

Estimation of the Blood Velocity for Nanorobotics

(2014) Matthieu Fruchard et al.   IEEE Transactions on Robotics

Ultrasound-Modulated Bubble Propulsion of Chemically Powered Microengines

(2014) Tailin Xu et al.   JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY

Surface Plasmon Resonance Enhanced Light Absorption and Photothermal Therapy in the Second Near-Infrared Window

(2014) Xianguang Ding et al.   JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY

Dynamics and polarization of superparamagnetic chiral nanomotors in a rotating magnetic field

(2014) Konstantin I. Morozov et al.   Nanoscale

Motility and more: the flagellum of Trypanosoma brucei

(2014) Gerasimos Langousis et al.   NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY

Model for estimating the penetration depth limit of the time-reversed ultrasonically encoded optical focusing technique

(2014) Mooseok Jang et al.   OPTICS EXPRESS

Asymmetric steady streaming as a mechanism for acoustic propulsion of rigid bodies

(2014) François Nadal et al.   PHYSICS OF FLUIDS

Algorithms for collision-free navigation of mobile robots in complex cluttered environments: a survey

(2014) Michael Hoy et al.   ROBOTICA

A hydrogel-based intravascular microgripper manipulated using magnetic fields

(2014) Jui-Chang Kuo et al.   SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL

Artificial bacterial flagella functionalized with temperature-sensitive liposomes for controlled release

(2014) Famin Qiu et al.   SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL

Electroforming of Implantable Tubular Magnetic Microrobots for Wireless Ophthalmologic Applications

(2014) George Chatzipirpiridis et al.   Advanced Healthcare Materials

Towards Mobile Microrobot Swarms for Additive Micromanufacturing

(2014) David Cappelleri et al.   International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems

Functionalized Ultrasound-Propelled Magnetically Guided Nanomotors: Toward Practical Biomedical Applications

(2013) Victor Garcia-Gradilla et al.   ACS Nano

Fabrication and Characterization of Magnetic Microrobots for Three-Dimensional Cell Culture and Targeted Transportation

(2013) Sangwon Kim et al.   ADVANCED MATERIALS

An Integrated Microrobotic Platform for On-Demand, Targeted Therapeutic Interventions

(2013) Stefano Fusco et al.   ADVANCED MATERIALS

25th Anniversary Article: A Soft Future: From Robots and Sensor Skin to Energy Harvesters

(2013) Siegfried Bauer et al.   ADVANCED MATERIALS

Porous Implants Modulate Healing and Induce Shifts in Local Macrophage Polarization in the Foreign Body Reaction

(2013) Eric M. Sussman et al.   ANNALS OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING

Noncontact manipulation using a transversely magnetized rolling robot

(2013) Hsi-Wen Tung et al.   APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS

Superparamagnetic microrobots: fabrication by two-photon polymerization and biocompatibility

(2013) Marcel Suter et al.   BIOMEDICAL MICRODEVICES

Advanced Fiber Soliton Sources for Nonlinear Deep Tissue Imaging in Biophotonics

(2013) Ke Wang et al.   IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS

The Improved Biological Performance of a Novel Low Elastic Modulus Implant

(2013) Lei Shi et al.   PLoS One

An amphibious vibration-driven microrobot with a piezoelectric actuator

(2013) Felix Becker et al.   REGULAR & CHAOTIC DYNAMICS

The computational sperm cell

(2013) Luis Alvarez et al.   TRENDS IN CELL BIOLOGY

Ingestible Wireless Capsule Technology: A Review of Development and Future Indication

(2013) M. R. Basar et al.   International Journal of Antennas and Propagation

Soft Robotics: A Perspective—Current Trends and Prospects for the Future

(2013) Carmel Majidi   Soft Robotics

Combining Pulsed and DC Gradients in a Clinical MRI-Based Microrobotic Platform to Guide Therapeutic Magnetic Agents in the Vascular Network

(2013) Sylvain Martel   International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems

Autonomous Motion of Metallic Microrods Propelled by Ultrasound

(2012) Wei Wang et al.   ACS Nano

Polyethylene glycol-containing polyurethane hydrogel coatings for improving the biocompatibility of neural electrodes

(2012) Li Rao et al.   Acta Biomaterialia

Acoustic Droplet Vaporization and Propulsion of Perfluorocarbon-Loaded Microbullets for Targeted Tissue Penetration and Deformation

(2012) Daniel Kagan et al.   ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION

Photoremovable Protecting Groups in Chemistry and Biology: Reaction Mechanisms and Efficacy

(2012) Petr Klán et al.   CHEMICAL REVIEWS

In Vitro Oxygen Sensing Using Intraocular Microrobots

(2012) O. Ergeneman et al.   IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING

Simulation and Planning of a Magnetically Actuated Microrobot Navigating in the Arteries

(2012) K. Belharet et al.   IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING

On-chip microrobot for investigating the response of aquatic microorganisms to mechanical stimulation

(2012) Tomohiro Kawahara et al.   LAB ON A CHIP

Highly stretchable and tough hydrogels

(2012) Jeong-Yun Sun et al.   NATURE

Injectable, Degradable Thermoresponsive Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) Hydrogels

(2012) Mathew Patenaude et al.   ACS Macro Letters

Simplified model for the dynamics of a helical flagellum

(2011) B. de Lima Bernardo et al.   AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS

Soft Robotics for Chemists

(2011) Filip Ilievski et al.   ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION

Assessing the In Vitro and In Vivo Toxicity of Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles

(2011) Morteza Mahmoudi et al.   CHEMICAL REVIEWS

Endovascular Magnetically Guided Robots: Navigation Modeling and Optimization

(2011) L. Arcese et al.   IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING

Focused Ultrasound to Expel Calculi From the Kidney

(2011) Anup Shah et al.   JOURNAL OF UROLOGY

Defining and designing polymers and hydrogels for neural tissue engineering

(2011) Emily R. Aurand et al.   NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH

Biomaterials/Tissue Interactions: Possible Solutions to Overcome Foreign Body Response

(2010) Jacqueline M. Morais et al.   AAPS Journal

Microrobots for Minimally Invasive Medicine

(2010) Bradley J. Nelson et al.   Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering

A rolling locomotion method for untethered magnetic microrobots

(2010) Max T. Hou et al.   APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS

Wireless Batteryless Implantable Blood Pressure Monitoring Microsystem for Small Laboratory Animals

(2010) Peng Cong et al.   IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL

OctoMag: An Electromagnetic System for 5-DOF Wireless Micromanipulation

(2010) Michael P. Kummer et al.   IEEE Transactions on Robotics

In vivo biodegradation and biocompatibility of PEG/sebacic acid-based hydrogels using a cage implant system

(2010) Jinku Kim et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART A

Magnetically actuated propulsion at low Reynolds numbers: towards nanoscale control

(2010) Peer Fischer et al.   Nanoscale

Molecular robots guided by prescriptive landscapes

(2010) Kyle Lund et al.   NATURE

Proangiogenic scaffolds as functional templates for cardiac tissue engineering

(2010) L. R. Madden et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Active scaffolds for on-demand drug and cell delivery

(2010) X. Zhao et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Controlling the Spatial Organization of Cells and Extracellular Matrix Proteins in Engineered Tissues Using Ultrasound Standing Wave Fields

(2010) Kelley A. Garvin et al.   ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY

Biodegradable Fibrous Scaffolds with Tunable Properties Formed from Photo-Cross-Linkable Poly(glycerol sebacate)

(2009) Jamie L. Ifkovits et al.   ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

Microengineered Platforms for Cell Mechanobiology

(2009) Deok-Ho Kim et al.   Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering

Two-Dimensional Contact and Noncontact Micromanipulation in Liquid Using an Untethered Mobile Magnetic Microrobot

(2009) S. Floyd et al.   IEEE Transactions on Robotics

Plenty of room, plenty of history

(2009) Chris Toumey   Nature Nanotechnology

The hydrodynamics of swimming microorganisms

(2009) Eric Lauga et al.   REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS

Hydrogels for Soft Machines

(2008) Paul Calvert   ADVANCED MATERIALS

On the mechanisms of biocompatibility

(2008) David F. Williams   BIOMATERIALS

A Magnetically Controlled Wireless Optical Oxygen Sensor for Intraocular Measurements

(2008) OlgaÇ Ergeneman et al.   IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL

Dynamics Modeling and Analysis of a Swimming Microrobot for Controlled Drug Delivery

(2008) Huaming Li et al.   IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering

The development of medical microrobots: a review of progress

(2008) Robert Bogue   Industrial Robot-The International Journal of Robotics Research and Application

Contemporary ultrasound systems allow high-resolution transcranial imaging of small echogenic deep intracranial structures similarly as MRI: A phantom study

(2008) Uwe Walter et al.   NEUROIMAGE

A theory of coupled diffusion and large deformation in polymeric gels

(2007) Wei Hong et al.   JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS OF SOLIDS