NAFLD and increased risk of cardiovascular disease: clinical associations, pathophysiological mechanisms and pharmacological implications

Advanced fibrosis is associated with incident cardiovascular disease in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

(2020) Jacqueline B. Henson et al.   ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS

Trimethylamine-N-Oxide Promotes Vascular Calcification Through Activation of NLRP3 (Nucleotide-Binding Domain, Leucine-Rich-Containing Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing-3) Inflammasome and NF-κB (Nuclear Factor κB) Signals

(2020) Xiuli Zhang et al.   ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY

Efficacy and safety of anti-hyperglycaemic drugs in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with or without diabetes: An updated systematic review of randomized controlled trials

(2020) A. Mantovani et al.   DIABETES & METABOLISM

Synbiotic Alters Fecal Microbiomes, but not Liver Fat or Fibrosis, in a Randomized Trial of Patients With Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

(2020) Eleonora Scorletti et al.   GASTROENTEROLOGY

Association Between Fibrosis Stage and Outcomes of Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

(2020) Rod S. Taylor et al.   GASTROENTEROLOGY

Intrahepatic bacterial metataxonomic signature in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

(2020) Silvia Sookoian et al.   GUT

Is NAFLD Not a Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease: Not Yet Time for a Change of Heart

(2020) Jacqueline B. Henson et al.   HEPATOLOGY

Changes in the Global Burden of Chronic Liver Diseases From 2012 to 2017: The Growing Impact of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

(2020) James M. Paik et al.   HEPATOLOGY

NAFLD as a driver of chronic kidney disease

(2020) Christopher D. Byrne et al.   JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY

Complications, morbidity and mortality of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

(2020) Alessandro Mantovani et al.   METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL

Relationship between elevated plasma trimethylamine N-oxide levels and increased stroke injury

(2020) Chuanjie Wu et al.   NEUROLOGY

Association of glucose-lowering medications with cardiovascular outcomes: an umbrella review and evidence map

(2020) Jianhong Zhu et al.   Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology

Association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and risk of atrial fibrillation in adult individuals: an updated meta-analysis

(2019) Alessandro Mantovani et al.   LIVER INTERNATIONAL

A gut microbiome signature for cirrhosis due to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

(2019) Cyrielle Caussy et al.   Nature Communications

2019 ACC/AHA Guideline on the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease

(2019) Donna K. Arnett et al.   JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and the Heart

(2019) Eric P. Stahl et al.   JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY

PCSK7 gene variation bridges atherogenic dyslipidemia with hepatic inflammation in NAFLD patients

(2019) Paola Dongiovanni et al.   JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH

Metformin and gut microbiota: their interactions and their impact on diabetes

(2019) Natalia G. Vallianou et al.   Hormones-International Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism

Sex Differences in NAFLD : State of the Art and Identification of Research Gaps

(2019) Amedeo Lonardo et al.   HEPATOLOGY

Pioglitazone: The forgotten, cost-effective cardioprotective drug for type 2 diabetes

(2019) Ralph A DeFronzo et al.   Diabetes & Vascular Disease Research

Relationship between resolution of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and changes in lipoprotein sub-fractions: a post-hoc analysis of the PIVENS trial

(2019) Kathleen E. Corey et al.   ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS

Lipidomic biomarkers and mechanisms of lipotoxicity in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

(2019) Gianluca Svegliati-Baroni et al.   FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE

Inhibiting Interleukin 11 Signaling Reduces Hepatocyte Death and Liver Fibrosis, Inflammation, and Steatosis in Mouse Models of Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis

(2019) Anissa A. Widjaja et al.   GASTROENTEROLOGY

Gut microbe-derived metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide activates the cardiac autonomic nervous system and facilitates ischemia-induced ventricular arrhythmia via two different pathways

(2019) Guannan Meng et al.   EBioMedicine

Microbiome Signatures Associated with Steatohepatitis and Moderate to Severe Fibrosis in Children With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

(2019) Jeffrey B. Schwimmer et al.   GASTROENTEROLOGY

The protective effect and mechanism of the FXR agonist obeticholic acid via targeting gut microbiota in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

(2019) Dan-Ying Zhang et al.   Drug Design Development and Therapy

Dietary fructose-induced gut dysbiosis promotes mouse hippocampal neuroinflammation: a benefit of short-chain fatty acids

(2019) Jian-Mei Li et al.   Microbiome

Class effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on cardiorenal outcomes

(2019) Aaron Y. Kluger et al.   Cardiovascular Diabetology

Trimethylamine N-Oxide Binds and Activates PERK to Promote Metabolic Dysfunction

(2019) Sifan Chen et al.   Cell Metabolism

Associations between specific plasma ceramides and severity of coronary-artery stenosis assessed by coronary angiography

(2019) A. Mantovani et al.   DIABETES & METABOLISM

Significant decrease in Faecalibacterium among gut microbiota in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a large BMI- and sex-matched population study

(2019) Chikara Iino et al.   Hepatology International

Hepatocyte-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Promote Endothelial Inflammation and Atherogenesis via microRNA-1

(2019) Fangjie Jiang et al.   JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY

Dapagliflozin in Patients with Heart Failure and Reduced Ejection Fraction

(2019) John J.V. McMurray et al.   NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE

Alterations in Gut Microbiota by Statin Therapy and Possible Intermediate Effects on Hyperglycemia and Hyperlipidemia

(2019) Jiyeon Kim et al.   Frontiers in Microbiology

Gut Microbiome and Response to Cardiovascular Drugs

(2019) Sony Tuteja et al.   Circulation-Genomic and Precision Medicine

Women With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Lose Protection Against Cardiovascular Disease

(2019) Alina M. Allen et al.   AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY

Changes of intestinal bacterial microbiota in coronary heart disease complicated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

(2019) Yiwen Zhang et al.   BMC GENOMICS

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular disease: assessing the evidence for causality

(2019) Martijn C. G. J. Brouwers et al.   DIABETOLOGIA

CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINES FOR THE PERIOPERATIVE NUTRITION, METABOLIC, AND NONSURGICAL SUPPORT OF PATIENTS UNDERGOING BARIATRIC PROCEDURES – 2019 UPDATE: COSPONSORED BY AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGISTS/AMERICAN COLLEGE OF ENDOCRINOLOGY, THE OBESITY SOCIETY, AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR METABOLIC & BARIATRIC SURGERY, OBESITY MEDICINE ASSOCIATION, AND AMERICAN SOCIETY OF ANESTHESIOLOGISTS

(2019) Jeffrey I. Mechanick et al.   Endocrine Practice

Trimethylamine-N-Oxide (TMAO) Predicts Cardiovascular Mortality in Peripheral Artery Disease

(2019) Carmen Roncal et al.   Scientific Reports

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and risk of incident acute myocardial infarction and stroke: findings from matched cohort study of 18 million European adults

(2019) Myriam Alexander et al.   BMJ-British Medical Journal

Cardiovascular, mortality, and kidney outcomes with GLP-1 receptor agonists in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cardiovascular outcome trials

(2019) Søren L Kristensen et al.   Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology

Impact of NAFLD on the Incidence of Cardiovascular Diseases in a Primary Care Population in Germany

(2019) Christian Labenz et al.   DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES

Increased liver localization of lipopolysaccharides in human and experimental non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease

(2019) Guido Carpino et al.   HEPATOLOGY

Obeticholic acid for the treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: interim analysis from a multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial

(2019) Zobair M Younossi et al.   LANCET

Can we still learn from the Seven Countries Study?

(2018) Alessandro Menotti et al.   CURRENT OPINION IN LIPIDOLOGY

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Risk of Incident Type 2 Diabetes: A Meta-analysis

(2018) Alessandro Mantovani et al.   DIABETES CARE

Saturated Fat Is More Metabolically Harmful for the Human Liver Than Unsaturated Fat or Simple Sugars

(2018) Panu K. Luukkonen et al.   DIABETES CARE

Bioactive Lipid Species and Metabolic Pathways in Progression and Resolution of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis

(2018) Giovanni Musso et al.   GASTROENTEROLOGY

Fibrosis Severity as a Determinant of Cause-Specific Mortality in Patients With Advanced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

(2018) Eduardo Vilar-Gomez et al.   GASTROENTEROLOGY

Link between gut-microbiome derived metabolite and shared gene-effects with hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in NAFLD

(2018) Cyrielle Caussy et al.   HEPATOLOGY

Circulating Interleukin-6 is a biomarker for coronary atherosclerosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Results from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis

(2018) Tracey G. Simon et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY

Association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and subclinical coronary atherosclerosis: An observational cohort study

(2018) Seung Bum Lee et al.   JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY

Hypertension, diabetes, atherosclerosis and NASH: Cause or consequence?

(2018) Amedeo Lonardo et al.   JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY

Molecular phenomics and metagenomics of hepatic steatosis in non-diabetic obese women

(2018) Lesley Hoyles et al.   NATURE MEDICINE

Expert consensus document: Clinical and molecular diagnosis, screening and management of Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome: an international consensus statement

(2018) Frédéric Brioude et al.   Nature Reviews Endocrinology

Risk of cardiomyopathy and cardiac arrhythmias in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

(2018) Quentin M. Anstee et al.   Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Triggering and resolution of inflammation in NASH

(2018) Susanne Schuster et al.   Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with dysbiosis independent of body mass index and insulin resistance

(2018) Hannah E. Da Silva et al.   Scientific Reports

Effect of Vegan Fecal Microbiota Transplantation on Carnitine‐ and Choline‐Derived Trimethylamine‐N‐Oxide Production and Vascular Inflammation in Patients With Metabolic Syndrome

(2018) Loek P. Smits et al.   Journal of the American Heart Association

The complex crosstalk between inflammatory cytokines and ventricular arrhythmias

(2018) N. Kouvas et al.   CYTOKINE

Interleukin-17 enhances cardiac ventricular remodeling via activating MAPK pathway in ischemic heart failure

(2018) Shih-Lin Chang et al.   JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR CARDIOLOGY

Cardiovascular risk factors in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

(2018) Hannes Hagström et al.   LIVER INTERNATIONAL

Development of a gut microbe–targeted nonlethal therapeutic to inhibit thrombosis potential

(2018) Adam B. Roberts et al.   NATURE MEDICINE

Characterization of different fat depots in NAFLD using inflammation-associated proteome, lipidome and metabolome

(2018) Alen Lovric et al.   Scientific Reports

A round trip from nonalcoholic fatty liver disease to diabetes: molecular targets to the rescue?

(2018) Amedeo Lonardo et al.   ACTA DIABETOLOGICA

Liver Fat is Associated With Markers of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Analysis of Data From the Framingham Heart Study

(2018) Zachary P. Fricker et al.   Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology

Impact of chronic dietary red meat, white meat, or non-meat protein on trimethylamine N-oxide metabolism and renal excretion in healthy men and women

(2018) Zeneng Wang et al.   EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL

FXR-Dependent Modulation of the Human Small Intestinal Microbiome by the Bile Acid Derivative Obeticholic Acid

(2018) Elliot S. Friedman et al.   GASTROENTEROLOGY

Alcoholic and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and associations with coronary artery calcification: evidence from the Kangbuk Samsung Health Study

(2018) Yoosoo Chang et al.   GUT

l-Carnitine in omnivorous diets induces an atherogenic gut microbial pathway in humans

(2018) Robert A. Koeth et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION

Global, regional, and national age-sex-specific mortality for 282 causes of death in 195 countries and territories, 1980–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

(2018) Gregory A Roth et al.   LANCET

Gut microbiota-dependent trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) shows a U-shaped association with mortality but not with recurrent venous thromboembolism

(2018) Martin F. Reiner et al.   THROMBOSIS RESEARCH

Gut microbe-generated metabolite trimethylamine-N-oxide as cardiovascular risk biomarker: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis

(2017) Gabriele Giacomo Schiattarella et al.   EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and its relationship with cardiovascular disease and other extrahepatic diseases

(2017) Leon A Adams et al.   GUT

The diagnosis and management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Practice guidance from the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases

(2017) Naga Chalasani et al.   HEPATOLOGY

Circulating trimethylamine N-oxide and the risk of cardiovascular diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 11 prospective cohort studies

(2017) Jiaqian Qi et al.   JOURNAL OF CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR MEDICINE

Fibrosis stage but not NASH predicts mortality and time to development of severe liver disease in biopsy-proven NAFLD

(2017) Hannes Hagström et al.   JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY

Causal relationship of hepatic fat with liver damage and insulin resistance in nonalcoholic fatty liver

(2017) P. Dongiovanni et al.   JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE

The use of statins alone, or in combination with pioglitazone and other drugs, for the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease/non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and related cardiovascular risk. An Expert Panel Statement

(2017) Vasilios G. Athyros et al.   METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL

Metformin alters the gut microbiome of individuals with treatment-naive type 2 diabetes, contributing to the therapeutic effects of the drug

(2017) Hao Wu et al.   NATURE MEDICINE

Antiinflammatory Therapy with Canakinumab for Atherosclerotic Disease

(2017) Paul M Ridker et al.   NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE

Slower Dynamics and Aged Mitochondria in Sporadic Alzheimer’s Disease

(2017) Patricia Martín-Maestro et al.   Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

Microbiota-activated PPAR-γ signaling inhibits dysbiotic Enterobacteriaceae expansion

(2017) Mariana X. Byndloss et al.   SCIENCE

Pioglitazone and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with insulin resistance, pre-diabetes and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

(2017) Hung-Wei Liao et al.   BMJ Open

Thiazolidinediones and Advanced Liver Fibrosis in Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis

(2017) Giovanni Musso et al.   JAMA Internal Medicine

Targeting Pioglitazone Hydrochloride Therapy After Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack According to Pretreatment Risk for Stroke or Myocardial Infarction

(2017) Walter N. Kernan et al.   JAMA Neurology

Commensal gut bacteria modulate phosphorylation-dependent PPARγ transcriptional activity in human intestinal epithelial cells

(2017) Malgorzata Nepelska et al.   Scientific Reports

Long-Term Pioglitazone Treatment for Patients With Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis and Prediabetes or Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

(2016) Kenneth Cusi et al.   ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE

Gut Microbial Metabolite TMAO Enhances Platelet Hyperreactivity and Thrombosis Risk

(2016) Weifei Zhu et al.   CELL

Cardiovascular Disease and Myocardial Abnormalities in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

(2016) Alessandro Mantovani et al.   DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES

Elafibranor, an Agonist of the Peroxisome Proliferator−Activated Receptor−α and −δ, Induces Resolution of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Without Fibrosis Worsening

(2016) Vlad Ratziu et al.   GASTROENTEROLOGY

Persistent Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Increases Risk for Carotid Atherosclerosis

(2016) Dong Hyun Sinn et al.   GASTROENTEROLOGY

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and progression of coronary artery calcium score: a retrospective cohort study

(2016) Dong Hyun Sinn et al.   GUT

Gut microbiota profiling of pediatric nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and obese patients unveiled by an integrated meta-omics-based approach

(2016) Federica Del Chierico et al.   HEPATOLOGY

Global epidemiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease-Meta-analytic assessment of prevalence, incidence, and outcomes

(2016) Zobair M. Younossi et al.   HEPATOLOGY

EASL–EASD–EASO Clinical Practice Guidelines for the management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

(2016)   JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and risk of incident cardiovascular disease: A meta-analysis

(2016) Giovanni Targher et al.   JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY

Liraglutide safety and efficacy in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (LEAN): a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled phase 2 study

(2016) Matthew James Armstrong et al.   LANCET

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and risk of cardiovascular disease

(2016) Amedeo Lonardo et al.   METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL

Pioglitazone after Ischemic Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack

(2016) Walter N. Kernan et al.   NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE

Macrophage-dependent IL-1β production induces cardiac arrhythmias in diabetic mice

(2016) Gustavo Monnerat et al.   Nature Communications

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): summary of NICE guidance

(2016) Jessica Glen et al.   BMJ-British Medical Journal

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): summary of NICE guidance

(2016) Jessica Glen et al.   BMJ-British Medical Journal

Associations of gut-flora-dependent metabolite trimethylamine-N-oxide, betaine and choline with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in adults

(2016) Yu-ming Chen et al.   Scientific Reports

Importance of sex and gender in atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease

(2015) J. David Spence et al.   ATHEROSCLEROSIS

NAFLD: A multisystem disease

(2015) Christopher D. Byrne et al.   JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY

Farnesoid X nuclear receptor ligand obeticholic acid for non-cirrhotic, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (FLINT): a multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled trial

(2015) Brent A Neuschwander-Tetri et al.   LANCET

Increased atrial arrhythmia susceptibility induced by intense endurance exercise in mice requires TNFα

(2015) Roozbeh Aschar-Sobbi et al.   Nature Communications

Development of new fatty liver, or resolution of existing fatty liver, over five years of follow-up, and risk of incident hypertension

(2014) Ki-Chul Sung et al.   JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY

Anti-Diabetic Medications and the Risk of Hepatocellular Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

(2013) Siddharth Singh et al.   AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY

Association of inflammatory factors with occurrence and recurrence of atrial fibrillation: A meta-analysis

(2013) Na Wu et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY

PPARγ signaling and metabolism: the good, the bad and the future

(2013) Maryam Ahmadian et al.   NATURE MEDICINE

Intestinal Microbial Metabolism of Phosphatidylcholine and Cardiovascular Risk

(2013) W.H. Wilson Tang et al.   NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE

Statins Are Associated With a Reduced Risk of Hepatocellular Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

(2012) Siddharth Singh et al.   GASTROENTEROLOGY

Hepatic fat loss in advanced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: Are alterations in serum adiponectin the cause?

(2012) David van der Poorten et al.   HEPATOLOGY

The Framingham risk score and heart disease in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

(2012) Sombat Treeprasertsuk et al.   LIVER INTERNATIONAL

Pentoxifylline improves nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: A randomized placebo-controlled trial

(2011) Claudia O. Zein et al.   HEPATOLOGY

Unknown

(2011) Alexander Moschen et al.   MOLECULAR MEDICINE

Gut flora metabolism of phosphatidylcholine promotes cardiovascular disease

(2011) Zeneng Wang et al.   NATURE

Pioglitazone for Diabetes Prevention in Impaired Glucose Tolerance

(2011) Ralph A. DeFronzo et al.   NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE

Anti-inflammatory effects of excessive weight loss: potent suppression of adipose interleukin 6 and tumour necrosis factor   expression

(2010) A. R. Moschen et al.   GUT

Evolution of inflammation in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: The multiple parallel hits hypothesis

(2010) Herbert Tilg et al.   HEPATOLOGY

Pioglitazone, Vitamin E, or Placebo for Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis

(2010) Arun J. Sanyal et al.   NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE

Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

(2010) Giovanni Targher et al.   NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE

Trends in All-Cause and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Among Women and Men With and Without Diabetes Mellitus in the Framingham Heart Study, 1950 to 2005

(2009) Sarah Rosner Preis et al.   CIRCULATION

Reducing endoplasmic reticulum stress through a macrophage lipid chaperone alleviates atherosclerosis

(2009) Ebru Erbay et al.   NATURE MEDICINE

Suspected Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Mortality Risk in a Population-Based Cohort Study

(2008) Winston Dunn et al.   AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY

Fat and Beyond: The Diverse Biology of PPARγ

(2008) Peter Tontonoz et al.   Annual Review of Biochemistry

Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Pioglitazone in Nondiabetic Subjects With Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis

(2008) Guruprasad P. Aithal et al.   GASTROENTEROLOGY