Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2: SARS-CoV-2 Receptor and Regulator of the Renin-Angiotensin System

Genome Composition and Divergence of the Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Originating in China

(2020) Aiping Wu et al.   Cell Host & Microbe

Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as a SARS-CoV-2 receptor: molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic target

(2020) Haibo Zhang et al.   INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE

Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus–Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China

(2020) Dawei Wang et al.   JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION

Receptor recognition by novel coronavirus from Wuhan: An analysis based on decade-long structural studies of SARS

(2020) Yushun Wan et al.   JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY

A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster

(2020) Jasper Fuk-Woo Chan et al.   LANCET

Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study

(2020) Nanshan Chen et al.   LANCET

Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China

(2020) Chaolin Huang et al.   LANCET

A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin

(2020) Peng Zhou et al.   NATURE

Structural basis for the recognition of the SARS-CoV-2 by full-length human ACE2

(2020) Renhong Yan et al.   SCIENCE

Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation

(2020) Daniel Wrapp et al.   SCIENCE

Clinical and biochemical indexes from 2019-nCoV infected patients linked to viral loads and lung injury

(2020) Yingxia Liu et al.   Science China-Life Sciences

Enteric involvement of coronaviruses: is faecal–oral transmission of SARS-CoV-2 possible?

(2020) Charleen Yeo et al.   Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Structure, Function, and Antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein

(2020) Alexandra C. Walls et al.   CELL

Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2: A Double-Edged Sword

(2020) Kaiming Wang et al.   CIRCULATION

Altered Gut Microbiome Profile in Patients With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

(2020) Seungbum Kim et al.   HYPERTENSION

Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study

(2020) Fei Zhou et al.   LANCET

Prolonged presence of SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA in faecal samples

(2020) Yongjian Wu et al.   Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Microglial Cells Impact Gut Microbiota and Gut Pathology in Angiotensin II-Induced Hypertension

(2019) Ravindra K Sharma et al.   CIRCULATION RESEARCH

The Renin-Angiotensin System: Going Beyond the Classical Paradigms

(2019) Robson A. Souza Santos et al.   AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY

Apelin protects against abdominal aortic aneurysm and the therapeutic role of neutral endopeptidase resistant apelin analogs

(2019) Wang Wang et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Expression of Human ACE2 in Lactobacillus and Beneficial Effects in Diabetic Retinopathy in Mice

(2019) Amrisha Verma et al.   Molecular Therapy-Methods & Clinical Development

ACE2 exerts anti-obesity effect via stimulating brown adipose tissue and induction of browning in white adipose tissue

(2019) Yasuhiro Kawabe et al.   AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM

Bone Marrow-Derived Cells Restore Functional Integrity of the Gut Epithelial and Vascular Barriers in a Model of Diabetes and ACE2 Deficiency

(2019) Yaqian Duan et al.   CIRCULATION RESEARCH

ACE2 and ADAM17 Interaction Regulates the Activity of Presympathetic Neurons

(2019) Snigdha Mukerjee et al.   HYPERTENSION

Pulmonary hypertension: Pathophysiology beyond the lung

(2019) Aline C. Oliveira et al.   PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH

ACE2 exhibits protective effects against LPS-induced acute lung injury in mice by inhibiting the LPS-TLR4 pathway

(2019) Rensong Ye et al.   EXPERIMENTAL AND MOLECULAR PATHOLOGY

Angiotensin 1–7 stimulates brown adipose tissue and reduces diet-induced obesity

(2018) Hidechika Morimoto et al.   AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM

Multifunctional Role of Chymase in Acute and Chronic Tissue Injury and Remodeling

(2018) Louis J. Dell’Italia et al.   CIRCULATION RESEARCH

Cell-Specific Functions of ADAM17 Regulate the Progression of Thoracic Aortic AneurysmNovelty and Significance

(2018) Mengcheng Shen et al.   CIRCULATION RESEARCH

Restructuring of the Gut Microbiome by Intermittent Fasting Prevents Retinopathy and Prolongs Survival in db/db Mice

(2018) Eleni Beli et al.   DIABETES

A potential therapeutic role for angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in human pulmonary arterial hypertension

(2018) Anna R. Hemnes et al.   EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL

Epicardial Adipose Tissue May Mediate Deleterious Effects of Obesity and Inflammation on the Myocardium

(2018) Milton Packer   JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY

Lactic Acid Bacteria for Delivery of Endogenous or Engineered Therapeutic Molecules

(2018) Peter A. Bron et al.   Frontiers in Microbiology

Microbiome and diabetes: Where are we now?

(2018) Natalia G. Vallianou et al.   DIABETES RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE

Decreased circulating catestatin levels are associated with coronary artery disease: The emerging anti-inflammatory role

(2018) Yanjia Chen et al.   ATHEROSCLEROSIS

Epicardial adipose tissue as a metabolic transducer: role in heart failure and coronary artery disease

(2017) Vaibhav B. Patel et al.   HEART FAILURE REVIEWS

Apelin Is a Negative Regulator of Angiotensin II–Mediated Adverse Myocardial Remodeling and DysfunctionNovelty and Significance

(2017) Zhen-Zhou Zhang et al.   HYPERTENSION

Roles of Angiotensin Peptides and Recombinant Human ACE2 in Heart Failure

(2017) Ratnadeep Basu et al.   JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY

Intestinal Permeability Biomarker Zonulin is Elevated in Healthy Aging

(2017) YanFei Qi et al.   Journal of the American Medical Directors Association

Blunting of cardioprotective actions of estrogen in female rodent heart linked to altered expression of cardiac tissue chymase and ACE2

(2017) Jaqueline S. da Silva et al.   JOURNAL OF THE RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN-ALDOSTERONE SYSTEM

Murine recombinant angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 attenuates kidney injury in experimental Alport syndrome

(2017) Eun Hui Bae et al.   KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL

Human intestinal tract serves as an alternative infection route for Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus

(2017) Jie Zhou et al.   Science Advances

Adeno-Associated Virus Overexpression of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme-2 Reverses Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 1 Diabetes in Mice

(2016) James M. Dominguez et al.   AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY

Brain–Gut–Bone Marrow Axis

(2016) Monica M. Santisteban et al.   CIRCULATION RESEARCH

Role of the ACE2/Angiotensin 1–7 Axis of the Renin–Angiotensin System in Heart Failure

(2016) Vaibhav B. Patel et al.   CIRCULATION RESEARCH

Hypertension-Linked Pathophysiological Alterations in the GutNovelty and Significance

(2016) Monica M. Santisteban et al.   CIRCULATION RESEARCH

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 Metabolizes and Partially Inactivates Pyr-Apelin-13 and Apelin-17Novelty and Significance

(2016) Wang Wang et al.   HYPERTENSION

Emerging pathogenic links between microbiota and the gut–lung axis

(2016) Kurtis F. Budden et al.   NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY

Pulmonary Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) and Inflammatory Lung Disease

(2016) Hongpeng Jia   SHOCK

ACE2/Ang 1-7 axis: A critical regulator of epicardial adipose tissue inflammation and cardiac dysfunction in obesity

(2016) Vaibhav B. Patel et al.   Adipocyte

Role of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and ACE2 in a rat model of smoke inhalation induced acute respiratory distress syndrome

(2015) Zhao Yilin et al.   BURNS

Cardiomyocyte A Disintegrin And Metalloproteinase 17 (ADAM17) Is Essential in Post–Myocardial Infarction Repair by Regulating AngiogenesisCLINICAL PERSPECTIVE

(2015) Dong Fan et al.   Circulation-Heart Failure

ACE2 and Microbiota

(2015) Colleen T. Cole-Jeffrey et al.   JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR PHARMACOLOGY

Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 inhibits high-mobility group box 1 and attenuates cardiac dysfunction post-myocardial ischemia

(2015) Yan Fei Qi et al.   JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE-JMM

Antagonism of angiotensin 1–7 prevents the therapeutic effects of recombinant human ACE2

(2015) Vaibhav B. Patel et al.   JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE-JMM

Host cell proteases: Critical determinants of coronavirus tropism and pathogenesis

(2015) Jean Kaoru Millet et al.   VIRUS RESEARCH

Alteration of Cardiac ACE2/Mas Expression and Cardiac Remodelling in Rats with Aortic Constriction

(2015) Yanling Zhang   CHINESE JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY

Angiotensin 1–7 Ameliorates Diabetic Cardiomyopathy and Diastolic Dysfunction in db/db Mice by Reducing Lipotoxicity and Inflammation

(2014) Jun Mori et al.   Circulation-Heart Failure

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 Is a Critical Determinant of Angiotensin II–Induced Loss of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and Adverse Vascular Remodeling

(2014) Vaibhav B. Patel et al.   HYPERTENSION

Oral Delivery of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 and Angiotensin-(1-7) Bioencapsulated in Plant Cells Attenuates Pulmonary Hypertension

(2014) Vinayak Shenoy et al.   HYPERTENSION

Heterozygote loss of ACE2 is sufficient to increase the susceptibility to heart disease

(2014) Wang Wang et al.   JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE-JMM

From gene to protein—experimental and clinical studies of ACE2 in blood pressure control and arterial hypertension

(2014) Sheila K. Patel et al.   Frontiers in Physiology

Brain Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Type 2 Shedding Contributes to the Development of Neurogenic Hypertension

(2013) Huijing Xia et al.   CIRCULATION RESEARCH

Role of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in diabetic cardiovascular complications

(2013) Vaibhav B. Patel et al.   CLINICAL SCIENCE

Diminazene aceturate improves autonomic modulation in pulmonary hypertension

(2013) Katya Rigatto et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY

Apelin is a positive regulator of ACE2 in failing hearts

(2013) Teruki Sato et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION

Angiotensin II induced proteolytic cleavage of myocardial ACE2 is mediated by TACE/ADAM-17: A positive feedback mechanism in the RAS

(2013) Vaibhav B. Patel et al.   JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR CARDIOLOGY

Loss of Apelin Exacerbates Myocardial Infarction Adverse Remodeling and Ischemia‐reperfusion Injury: Therapeutic Potential of Synthetic Apelin Analogues

(2013) Wang Wang et al.   Journal of the American Heart Association

The apelin receptor inhibits the angiotensin II type 1 receptor via allosteric trans-inhibition

(2012) K Siddiquee et al.   BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY

Loss of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme-2 Exacerbates Diabetic Cardiovascular Complications and Leads to Systolic and Vascular Dysfunction

(2012) Vaibhav B. Patel et al.   CIRCULATION RESEARCH

Interaction of diabetes and ACE2 in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease in experimental diabetes

(2012) Chris Tikellis et al.   CLINICAL SCIENCE

Activation of the ACE2/Angiotensin-(1-7)/Mas Receptor Axis Enhances the Reparative Function of Dysfunctional Diabetic Endothelial Progenitors

(2012) Y. P. R. Jarajapu et al.   DIABETES

Long-term type 1 diabetes influences haematopoietic stem cells by reducing vascular repair potential and increasing inflammatory monocyte generation in a murine model

(2012) S. Hazra et al.   DIABETOLOGIA

Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 antagonizes angiotensin II-induced pressor response and NADPH oxidase activation in Wistar-Kyoto rats and spontaneously hypertensive rats

(2012) Jennifer Lo et al.   EXPERIMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY

Cardioprotective Effects Mediated by Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockade and Enhancing Angiotensin 1-7 in Experimental Heart Failure in Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2–Null Mice

(2012) Vaibhav B. Patel et al.   HYPERTENSION

Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 abrogates bleomycin-induced lung injury

(2012) G. J. Rey-Parra et al.   JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE-JMM

ACE2 links amino acid malnutrition to microbial ecology and intestinal inflammation

(2012) Tatsuo Hashimoto et al.   NATURE

ACE2, angiotensin-(1–7), and Mas: the other side of the coin

(2012) Michael Bader   PFLUGERS ARCHIV-EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY

ACE2 Deficiency Enhances Angiotensin II-Mediated Aortic Profilin-1 Expression, Inflammation and Peroxynitrite Production

(2012) Hai-Yan Jin et al.   PLoS One

Adenoviral Delivery of Angiotensin-(1-7) or Angiotensin-(1-9) Inhibits Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy via the Mas or Angiotensin Type 2 Receptor

(2012) Monica Flores-Muñoz et al.   PLoS One

Aldosterone increases VEGF-A production in human neutrophils through PI3K, ERK1/2 and p38 pathways

(2011) Cécile Walczak et al.   BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH

CCL5 induces a pro-inflammatory profile in microglia in vitro

(2011) Jelena Škuljec et al.   CELLULAR IMMUNOLOGY

Angiotensin-(1-9) Attenuates Cardiac Fibrosis in the Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat via the Angiotensin Type 2 Receptor

(2011) Monica Flores-Munoz et al.   HYPERTENSION

Reactive Oxygen Species and p38 Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Mediate Tumor Necrosis Factor α-Converting Enzyme (TACE/ADAM-17) Activation in Primary Human Monocytes

(2011) Alasdair J. Scott et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

Reduced circulating apelin in essential hypertension and its association with cardiac dysfunction

(2011) Monika Przewlocka-Kosmala et al.   JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION

Rho kinase inhibition activates the homologous angiotensin-converting enzyme-angiotensin-(1–9) axis in experimental hypertension

(2011) María P Ocaranza et al.   JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION

CCL2/MCP-1 modulation of microglial activation and proliferation

(2011) Ara E Hinojosa et al.   Journal of Neuroinflammation

ACE2 and Ang-(1-7) Confer Protection Against Development of Diabetic Retinopathy

(2011) Amrisha Verma et al.   MOLECULAR THERAPY

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2: The First Decade

(2011) Nicola E. Clarke et al.   International Journal of Hypertension

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 Suppresses Pathological Hypertrophy, Myocardial Fibrosis, and Cardiac Dysfunction

(2010) JiuChang Zhong et al.   CIRCULATION

Genetic Ace2 Deficiency Accentuates Vascular Inflammation and Atherosclerosis in the ApoE Knockout Mouse

(2010) Merlin C. Thomas et al.   CIRCULATION RESEARCH

Circulating Rather Than Cardiac Angiotensin-(1-7) Stimulates Cardioprotection After Myocardial Infarction

(2010) Yong Wang et al.   Circulation-Heart Failure

Recombinant angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 improves pulmonary blood flow and oxygenation in lipopolysaccharide-induced lung injury in piglets

(2010) Benedikt Treml et al.   CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE

ADAM-17: the enzyme that does it all

(2010) Monika Gooz   CRITICAL REVIEWS IN BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Prevention of Angiotensin II–Mediated Renal Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Fibrosis by Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2

(2010) JiuChang Zhong et al.   HYPERTENSION

Angiotensin-(1–9) regulates cardiac hypertrophy in vivo and in vitro

(2010) Maria Paz Ocaranza et al.   JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION

Direct Activation of TACE-Mediated Ectodomain Shedding by p38 MAP Kinase Regulates EGF Receptor-Dependent Cell Proliferation

(2010) Pinglong Xu et al.   MOLECULAR CELL

International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. LXXIV. Apelin Receptor Nomenclature, Distribution, Pharmacology, and Function

(2010) S. L. Pitkin et al.   PHARMACOLOGICAL REVIEWS

Trilogy of ACE2: A peptidase in the renin–angiotensin system, a SARS receptor, and a partner for amino acid transporters

(2010) Keiji Kuba et al.   PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS

The role of CC chemokine receptor 2 on microglia activation and blood-borne cell recruitment after transient focal cerebral ischemia in mice

(2009) Matthias Schilling et al.   BRAIN RESEARCH

Loss of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 Accelerates Maladaptive Left Ventricular Remodeling in Response to Myocardial Infarction

(2009) Zamaneh Kassiri et al.   Circulation-Heart Failure

Human Recombinant ACE2 Reduces the Progression of Diabetic Nephropathy

(2009) G. Y. Oudit et al.   DIABETES

SARS-coronavirus modulation of myocardial ACE2 expression and inflammation in patients with SARS

(2009) G. Y. Oudit et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION

Targeting the Degradation of Angiotensin II With Recombinant Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2

(2009) Jan Wysocki et al.   HYPERTENSION

Role of Chemokines in CNS Health and Pathology: A Focus on the CCL2/CCR2 and CXCL8/CXCR2 Networks

(2009) Bridgette D Semple et al.   JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM

Diabetic retinopathy is associated with bone marrow neuropathy and a depressed peripheral clock

(2009) Julia V. Busik et al.   JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE

Coronaviruses post-SARS: update on replication and pathogenesis

(2009) Stanley Perlman et al.   NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY

Angiotensin II Up-Regulates Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme (ACE), but Down-Regulates ACE2 via the AT1-ERK/p38 MAP Kinase Pathway

(2008) Vijay Koka et al.   AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY

SARS coronavirus entry into host cells through a novel clathrin- and caveolae-independent endocytic pathway

(2008) Hongliang Wang et al.   CELL RESEARCH

Aldosterone, but Not Angiotensin II, Reduces Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 Gene Expression Levels in Cultured Neonatal Rat Cardiomyocytes

(2008) Megumi Yamamuro et al.   CIRCULATION JOURNAL

Angiotensin(1-7) Blunts Hypertensive Cardiac Remodeling by a Direct Effect on the Heart

(2008) Chantal Mercure et al.   CIRCULATION RESEARCH

Tissue-Specific Amino Acid Transporter Partners ACE2 and Collectrin Differentially Interact With Hartnup Mutations

(2008) Simone M.R. Camargo et al.   GASTROENTEROLOGY

Transgenic Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 Overexpression in Vessels of SHRSP Rats Reduces Blood Pressure and Improves Endothelial Function

(2008) Brit Rentzsch et al.   HYPERTENSION

Detection of Soluble Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 in Heart Failure

(2008) Slava Epelman et al.   JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY

Decreased glomerular and tubular expression of ACE2 in patients with type 2 diabetes and kidney disease

(2008) Heather N. Reich et al.   KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL

Modulation of TNF- -converting enzyme by the spike protein of SARS-CoV and ACE2 induces TNF-  production and facilitates viral entry

(2008) S. Haga et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Genetically altered animal models for Mas and angiotensin-(1-7)

(2007) Natalia Alenina et al.   EXPERIMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY