Article
Immunology
Xin Jin, Wenyi Lu, Meng Zhang, Xia Xiong, Rui Sun, Yunxiong Wei, Xiaoyuan He, Mingfeng Zhao
Summary: This study found that infection temperature affects the phenotype and function of CAR-T cells, recommending infection at 32 degrees for preparing CAR-T cells with a balanced function and phenotype, which have enhanced oncolytic ability.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yajun Zhang, Pei Wang, Tengjiao Wang, Yuan Fang, Yongmei Ding, Qijun Qian
Summary: This study demonstrates that CAR-T cells engineered to secrete anti-CD40 antibodies using a nonviral vector system have enhanced antitumor efficacy against solid tumors, showing increased cytokine secretion, higher proportion of central memory T cells, and improved cytotoxicity. In a human ovarian cancer xenograft model, these anti-CD40-secreting CAR-T cells showed enhanced antitumor activity, suggesting their potential as a clinical strategy to improve CAR-T cell therapy efficacy.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Anna Niu, Jintao Zou, Xuan Hu, Zhang Zhang, Lingyu Su, Jing Wang, Xing Lu, Wei Zhang, Wei Chen, Xiaopeng Zhang
Summary: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy is an innovative treatment for CD19-expressing lymphomas, and CAR-T cells can be manufactured through different approaches. Manufacturing CAR-T cells using the PiggyBac transposon results in higher CAR expression and more cytotoxic T cell subsets, while Lentivirus manufacturing leads to a more pronounced memory phenotype. RNA-sequencing analysis reveals substantial disparities between the two CAR-T cell groups. Overall, these findings provide important insights into the phenotypic alterations induced by different manufacturing methods and their clinical implications.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Laura Syzdykova, Gulzat Zauatbayeva, Viktoriya Keyer, Yerlan Ramanculov, Roman Arsienko, Alexandr V. Shustov
Summary: Viral vectors are essential for advanced therapies such as CAR-T therapy. However, the high price and limited supply of CAR vectors currently restrict their wider use. In this study, a technology for packaging lentiviral vectors using autonomously replicating RNAs was described. This method allows the production of therapeutic amounts of CAR+ cells in an academic setting.
BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Vicky Mengfei Qin, Criselle D'Souza, Paul J. Neeson, Joe Jiang Zhu
Summary: Chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) are engineered molecules that can recognize specific antigens and induce downstream signaling, primarily used in CAR-T cells to target and kill tumor cells. While CAR-T cell therapy has shown success in treating hematologic malignancies, current research is focusing on extending CAR technology to other immune cells for potential applications in solid tumors and autoimmune diseases. CAR technology is a powerful platform in immunotherapy with diverse applications beyond conventional CAR-T cells.
Article
Oncology
Jinrong Yang, Weilin Zhou, Dan Li, Ting Niu, Wei Wang
Summary: This article summarizes the application and research progress of BCMA-targeting CAR T cell therapy in the treatment of multiple myeloma, as well as measures to improve efficacy and safety.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Sangwook Oh, Xuming Mao, Silvio Manfredo-Vieira, Jinmin Lee, Darshil Patel, Eun Jung Choi, Andrea Alvarado, Ebony Cottman-Thomas, Damian Maseda, Patricia Y. Y. Tsao, Christoph T. T. Ellebrecht, Sami L. L. Khella, David P. P. Richman, Kevin C. C. O'Connor, Uri Herzberg, Gwendolyn K. K. Binder, Michael C. C. Milone, Samik Basu, Aimee S. S. Payne
Summary: Engineered T cells expressing MuSK-CAART effectively target B cells expressing anti-MuSK autoantibodies, reducing muscle weakness caused by autoimmune disease.
NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
May C. I. van Schalkwyk, Sjoukje J. C. van der Stegen, Leticia Bosshard-Carter, Helen Graves, Sophie Papa, Ana C. Parente-Pereira, Farzin Farzaneh, Christopher D. Fisher, Andrew Hope, Antonella Adami, John Maher
Summary: Adoptive cancer immunotherapy using CAR engineered T-cells shows great potential, but faces obstacles in efficient cell product generation under GMP. This study developed a simplified process to generate CAR engineered T-cells, achieving reproducible IL-4-dependent expansion and enrichment under GMP.
Review
Immunology
Ilse Gille, Frans H. J. Claas, Geert W. Haasnoot, Mirjam H. M. Heemskerk, Sebastiaan Heidt
Summary: Solid organ transplantation is an effective treatment for end-stage diseases, but the need for immunosuppression can lead to serious side effects. CAR Treg therapy, specifically with HLA-A2 CAR Tregs, shows potential in promoting transplantation tolerance and improving graft survival.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Ali Bashiri Dezfouli, Mina Yazdi, Alan Graham Pockley, Mohammad Khosravi, Sebastian Kobold, Ernst Wagner, Gabriele Multhoff
Summary: In recent years, cell-based immunotherapies using Chimeric Antigen Receptors (CARs) have shown promise in cancer treatment, with CD19 CAR-engineered T cells being most commonly used for hematological malignancies. However, challenges in clinical applications include side effects like cytokine release syndrome, neurological symptoms, and off-target effects, necessitating the development of safer and more potent technologies. Natural Killer (NK) cells have emerged as a promising alternative, being capable of CAR engineering and exhibiting specialized lytic mechanisms against virally infected and cancer cells.
Review
Immunology
Paula Schmidt, Martin J. Raftery, Gabriele Pecher
Summary: The development of CAR-NK cells allows for harnessing the innate anti-tumor ability of NK cells against target tumor antigens, with the potential for creating an off-the-shelf therapeutic product applicable to most patients.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Taewoong Choi, Yubin Kang
Summary: Although treatment outcomes for multiple myeloma patients have greatly improved in the past two decades, the disease remains incurable. New immunotherapies, including monoclonal antibodies, antibody-drug conjugates, bispecific antibodies, and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy, have emerged to treat multiple myeloma. This article provides a comprehensive review of the clinical efficacy, safety, and potential resistance mechanisms of current myeloma CAR-T therapies, with a focus on B Cell Maturation Antigen (BCMA) as the most successful target. The article also discusses novel strategies to enhance the effectiveness of myeloma CAR-T therapy.
PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Zehua Wang, Chen Chen, Lei Wang, Yongxu Jia, Yanru Qin
Summary: This article introduces CAR-T cell therapy for multiple myeloma, discusses the challenges faced by CAR-T therapy, and innovative methods to overcome resistance and toxic side effects. The article also mentions B Cell Maturation Antigen (BCMA) as the most successful target for CAR-T therapy and other potential targets being studied in clinical trials.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sophia Stock, Anna-Kristina Kluever, Stefan Endres, Sebastian Kobold
Summary: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has achieved remarkable success in treating specific hematological malignancies. However, many patients do not respond or relapse after treatment. Strategies such as combining CAR T cells with other treatments and using clinically approved compounds have been investigated to improve this therapy.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Aneal Khan, Dwayne L. Barber, Ju Huang, C. Anthony Rupar, Jack W. Rip, Christiane Auray-Blais, Michel Boutin, Pamela O'Hoski, Kristy Gargulak, William M. McKillop, Graeme Fraser, Syed Wasim, Kaye LeMoine, Shelly Jelinski, Ahsan Chaudhry, Nicole Prokopishyn, Chantal F. Morel, Stephen Couban, Peter R. Duggan, Daniel H. Fowler, Armand Keating, Michael L. West, Ronan Foley, Jeffrey A. Medin
Summary: Enzyme and chaperone therapies for Fabry disease are expensive, intrusive, and not fully efficacious. A pilot study was conducted using gene therapy with autologous, lentivirus-transduced hematopoietic cells expressing alpha-galactosidase A, showing safety and promising results in five patients.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
