Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Teodora-Irina Adam-Bonci, Eduard-Alexandru Bonci, Alina-Elena Parvu, Andrei-Ioan Herdean, Augustin Mot, Marian Taulescu, Andrei Ungur, Raluca-Maria Pop, Corina Bocsan, Alexandru Irimie
Summary: The study showed that oral vitamin D supplementation can reduce oxidative forces and increase antioxidant capacity, while also exhibiting anti-inflammatory effects to protect against acute airway inflammation related to oxidative stress processes induced by ovalbumin.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Izabela Szymczak-Pajor, Krystian Miazek, Anna Selmi, Aneta Balcerczyk, Agnieszka Sliwinska
Summary: Adipose tissue plays a crucial role in metabolism, while deficiency in vitamin D can disrupt its functioning. Restoring the proper functionality of adipose tissue is important in reducing the risk of obesity-related complications.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Vivek Rihal, Heena Khan, Amarjot Kaur, Thakur Gurjeet Singh
Summary: Vitamin D deficiency is associated with chronic diseases such as cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, and cancer. Therapeutic approaches targeting vitamin D inadequacies and its downstream effects may delay the onset and severity of cerebrovascular disorders such as stroke and neurologic malformations.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Behnaz Abiri, Mohammadreza Vafa, Fatemeh Azizi-Soleiman, Morteza Safavi, Seyyed Morteza Kazemi, Masood Salehi, Farid Zaeri, Homa Sadeghi
Summary: The study found that iron-vitamin D co-supplementation did not provide added benefits for improvement in bone turnover, inflammatory, oxidative stress, and metabolic markers. Conversely, it suggests that vitamin D alone may have some detrimental effects on inflammatory and metabolic markers.
BIOLOGICAL TRACE ELEMENT RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Elham Moslemi, Vali Musazadeh, Zeynab Kavyani, Navid Naghsh, Seyyed Morteza Seyyed Shoura, Parvin Dehghan
Summary: This umbrella meta-analysis summarized existing systematic reviews and meta-analyses of clinical trials on vitamin D supplementation. The findings revealed that vitamin D supplementation significantly reduced serum levels of CRP, TNF-alpha, and MDA, but did not show significant changes in IL-6, TAC, and GSH. Vitamin D could be considered as an adjuvant therapy for relieving inflammation and oxidative stress.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Gabriele Brosolo, Andrea Da Porto, Luca Bulfone, Laura Scandolin, Antonio Vacca, Nicole Bertin, Cinzia Vivarelli, Leonardo A. Sechi, Cristiana Catena
Summary: Recent evidence suggests that mildly increased fasting and post-oral load blood glucose concentrations are associated with organ damage in nondiabetic patients with hypertension. This study aimed to examine the relationships between serum 25(OH)D levels and glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in hypertension.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sujit Kumar Bhutia
Summary: Vitamin D regulates cellular homeostasis through activating autophagy, protecting against oxidative stress and apoptosis, and inducing anticancer mechanisms. It also modulates inflammation and host immunity through autophagy signaling.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Ebin Johny, Aishwarya Jala, Bishamber Nath, Md Jahangir Alam, Indra Kuladhipati, Rupam Das, Roshan M. Borkar, Ramu Adela
Summary: Vitamin D supplementation may help reduce or prevent disease progression and cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes patients by suppressing oxidative stress and platelet-mediated inflammation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alice Albergamo, Giulia Apprato, Francesca Silvagno
Summary: The genomic activity of vitamin D has significant effects on metabolism and physiological functions, particularly in relation to viral infections such as COVID-19. This review examines the correlation between vitamin D deficiency and increased risks of severe COVID-19 and respiratory distress syndrome. Clinical trials have tested vitamin D supplementation with promising results. Additionally, a biochemical analysis explores the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory functions of vitamin D and its influence on different biochemical pathways in the body's defense against viral infections.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Ya-Qi Wang, Xiao-Pan Geng, Ming-Wei Wang, Hong-Qian Wang, Cheng Zhang, Xue He, Shi-Min Liang, De-Xiang Xu, Xi Chen
Summary: Experimental data suggests that VDD exacerbates hepatic oxidative stress and inflammation during APAP-induced ALI.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Carlos A. Amado, Pedro Munoz, Mayte Garcia-Unzueta, Juan Aguero, Sandra Tello, Paula Fueyo, Carmen Vega, Bernardo A. Lavin, Raul A. Guerra, Ciro Casanova
Summary: The study found that the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D is high in COPD patients, with around 22.9% of hypovitaminosis D patients having secondary hyperparathyroidism. Patients with high iPTH and low 25(OH)D levels were shown to have a higher risk of moderate COPD exacerbations and hospital admissions compared to those with normal iPTH and low 25(OH)D levels.
RESPIRATORY MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Maria Hernandez, Sergio Recalde, Jorge Gonzalez-Zamora, Valentina Bilbao-Malave, Manuel Saenz de Viteri, Jaione Bezunartea, Maite Moreno-Orduna, Idoia Belza, Jesus Barrio-Barrio, Patricia Fernandez-Robredo, Alfredo Garcia-Layana
Summary: Combining vitamin D with Nutrof Total(R) provides synergistic protection against oxidative and inflammatory stress-induced conditions in retinal epithelial and endothelial cells, reducing cell damage and inflammation.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yujie Liang, Hong Yu, Xiaoyin Ke, Darryl Eyles, Ruoyu Sun, Zichen Wang, Saijun Huang, Ling Lin, John J. McGrath, Jianping Lu, Xiaoling Guo, Paul Yao
Summary: This study suggests that vitamin D deficiency may exacerbate autism-related phenotypes induced by maternal diabetes, primarily through epigenetic mechanisms.
ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ola Hysaj, Patricia Marques-Gallego, Aline Richard, Magdeldin Elgizouli, Alexandra Nieters, Katharina C. Quack Lotscher, Sabine Rohrmann
Summary: This study assessed parathyroid hormone concentrations in pregnant women during early and late pregnancy, finding an inverse correlation between serum 25(OH)D and PTH levels. Statistically significant determinants of PTH concentrations included 25(OH)D levels, season, parity, and partner's education in early pregnancy, while late pregnancy was affected by 25(OH)D levels and country of origin. These factors seem to primarily impact PTH through 25(OH)D, but may also have other mechanisms of influence.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Domenico Plantone, Guido Primiano, Carlo Manco, Sara Locci, Serenella Servidei, Nicola De Stefano
Summary: Vitamin D has various effects on the nervous system and its deficiency can increase the risk of developing neurological diseases. Recent studies aim to understand the different outcomes of vitamin D supplementation in progressive neurological diseases. This review provides an overview of vitamin D chemistry, metabolism, mechanisms of action, recommended daily intake, and its role in gene transcription and the immune response. The scientific evidence linking low vitamin D concentrations to severe neurological diseases is discussed, and ongoing clinical trials on vitamin D supplementation in neurological diseases are listed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Riccardo Montioli, Ilaria Bellezza, Maria Andrea Desbats, Carla Borri Voltattorni, Leonardo Salviati, Barbara Cellini
Summary: Gyrate Atrophy is a rare genetic disorder caused by mutations in the OAT gene, leading to progressive retinal degeneration and blindness. Current treatment options include an arginine-restricted diet to limit ornithine load or supplementation with Vitamin B6.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Letizia Mezzasoma, Vincenzo Nicola Talesa, Rita Romani, Ilaria Bellezza
Summary: Dysregulated inflammasome activation and IL-1 beta production are linked to inflammatory disorders. Natriuretic Peptides (NPs) inhibit IL-1 beta secretion by activating NPR-1/cGMP/PKG-I axis, interfering with both Gasdermin D and Caspase-8 cleavage. This suggests a potential treatment strategy for diseases related to dysregulated inflammasome activation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lara Macchioni, Davide Chiasserini, Letizia Mezzasoma, Magdalena Davidescu, Pier Luigi Orvietani, Katia Fettucciari, Leonardo Salviati, Barbara Cellini, Ilaria Bellezza
Summary: Age-related retinal degenerations, such as AMD, are linked to the loss of RPE cells and photoreceptors, involving oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. Long-term oxidative insult can induce senescence in RPE cells, affecting antioxidant response and mitochondrial functionality.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Carmela Conte, Samuela Cataldi, Cataldo Arcuri, Alessandra Mirarchi, Andrea Lazzarini, Mercedes Garcia-Gil, Tommaso Beccari, Francesco Curcio, Elisabetta Albi
Summary: The study found neutral sphingomyelinase and vitamin D receptors in exosomes, indicating that vitamin D3 treatment can lead to changes in sphingomyelin levels in exosomes. By optimizing cell treatment conditions and analyzing exosome composition, it was determined that vitamin D3 affects cell differentiation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Paola Signorelli, Carmela Conte, Elisabetta Albi
Summary: Recent advances in research have shed light on the role of sphingomyelin in Parkinson's disease, with sphingomyelin being implicated in nerve impulse conduction and neurotransmitter receptor localization, possibly contributing to the development of Parkinson's disease.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Letizia Mezzasoma, Vincenzo Nicola Talesa, Egidia Costanzi, Ilaria Bellezza
Summary: Inflammation plays a key role in the progression of prostate cancer (PCa), with NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3)-inflammasome activation, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) secretion, and cancer cell-released extracellular vesicles (EVs) contributing to the establishment of tumor microenvironment. Endogenous biomolecules and Natriuretic Peptides (NPs) such as ANP and BNP have been shown to inhibit inflammasome activation in immune cells. This study demonstrated that exogenous ANP and BNP can modulate the inflammatory phenotype of PCa by reducing inflammasome activation and IL-1 beta secretion.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Marina Mingoia, Carmela Conte, Annalisa Di Rienzo, Marilisa Pia Dimmito, Lorella Marinucci, Gloria Magi, Hasan Turkez, Maria Concetta Cufaro, Piero Del Boccio, Antonio Di Stefano, Ivana Cacciatore
Summary: This study reports the synthesis of novel cinnamic acid-based antimicrobials (DM1-11) and their potential as antibacterial drugs for the treatment of ESKAPE-related skin infections. DM2 shows significant antibacterial activity and wound healing properties, making it a potentially safe topical agent for wound treatment.
Article
Cell Biology
Raffaella di Vito, Carmela Conte, Giovanna Traina
Summary: This study investigated the effects of a commercially available probiotic formulation on intestinal barrier integrity and found that it can prevent inflammatory damage. The findings provide new insights into the mechanisms by which probiotics prevent damage to the gut epithelial barrier.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Emilia Nunzi, Letizia Mezzasoma, Ilaria Bellezza, Teresa Zelante, Pierluigi Orvietani, Giuliana Coata, Irene Giardina, Krizia Sagini, Giorgia Manni, Alessandro Di Michele, Marco Gargaro, Vincenzo N. Talesa, Gian Carlo Di Renzo, Francesca Fallarino, Rita Romani
Summary: In this study, researchers investigated the effect of human amniotic fluid extracellular vesicles (HAF-EVs) on inflammasome activation in monocytes. They found that HAF-EVs expressed immunoregulatory molecules and small amounts of endotoxin. Surprisingly, metagenomic analysis revealed the presence of specific bacterial strain variants associated with HAF-EVs as potential sources of endotoxin. These findings suggest that HAF-EVs may play a role in immune modulation and could serve as a source of specific microbiota during early pregnancy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Giorgia Manni, Sandra Buratta, Maria Teresa Pallotta, Davide Chiasserini, Alessandro Di Michele, Carla Emiliani, Stefano Giovagnoli, Luisa Pascucci, Rita Romani, Ilaria Bellezza, Lorena Urbanelli, Francesca Fallarino
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-enclosed particles secreted by cells and circulating in body fluids. They not only serve as a tool for waste disposal, but also transmit cell signals. Aging is characterized by genomic instability, telomere erosion, epigenetic alteration, and defective proteostasis. Studies have shown that EVs released in cell models are associated with these aging hallmarks and can spread senescence signals. Furthermore, EVs have great potential as anti-aging tools. Although this is a recent field, altered EV secretion in aging suggests it as an emerging hallmark of aging.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Raffaella di Vito, Alessia Di Mezza, Carmela Conte, Giovanna Traina
Summary: The intestinal epithelium acts as a barrier that selectively allows for absorption of nutrients while defending against bacteria and toxins. Imbalances between the gut microbiota and the immune system can lead to inflammation. Mast cells play a crucial role in this process. A probiotic formulation containing specific strains was found to prevent inflammation and maintain intestinal barrier integrity in co-culture models.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Irene Valenti, Francesco Tini, Milos Sevarika, Alessandro Agazzi, Giovanni Beccari, Ilaria Bellezza, Luisa Ederli, Silvia Grottelli, Matias Pasquali, Roberto Romani, Marco Saracchi, Lorenzo Covarelli
Summary: Fusarium mycotoxins pose a serious threat to animal and human health. The co-occurrence of different mycotoxins in the same cereal field is common, making it difficult to predict the risks and effects of mycotoxins. This review focuses on the combined effects of enniatins (ENNs) and deoxynivalenol (DON) in multiple organisms and highlights the complexity of mycotoxin interactions.
Review
Cell Biology
Gabriella M. M. Mazzotta, Nadia Ceccato, Carmela Conte
Summary: The misfolding and aggregation of a-Synuclein (aSyn) as insoluble fibrils in Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites is the main characteristic of Parkinson's disease (PD) and other neurodegenerative disorders. Neuroinflammation, mediated by Toll-like receptors (TLRs), has been identified as an important factor in aSyn misfolding and progression of PD. This research aims to summarize the mechanisms of aSyn aggregation, focusing on the role of TLRs and their potential connection to non-motor disturbances associated with aging and neurodegenerative disorders.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rosa Amoroso, Cristina Maccallini, Ilaria Bellezza
Summary: Neurodegenerative diseases, incurable and debilitating, involve progressive degeneration and loss of nerve cells. Oxidative stress is believed to play a role in their pathogenesis due to the vulnerability of neuron cells to oxidative damage. The activation of Nrf2, a factor associated with anti-inflammatory and antioxidative cell response, has been explored as a potential therapeutic approach. Recent progress has been made in enhancing the effectiveness of Nrf2 activators as drugs and designing Nrf2-based multitarget-directed ligands for neurodegenerative diseases.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Letizia Mezzasoma, Ilaria Bellezza, Pierluigi Orvietani, Giorgia Manni, Marco Gargaro, Krizia Sagini, Alicia Llorente, Paolo Scarpelli, Luisa Pascucci, Barbara Cellini, Vincenzo Nicola Talesa, Francesca Fallarino, Rita Romani
Summary: This study investigated the ability of human amniotic stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (HASC-EVs) to interfere with inflammasome activation in THP-1 cells. The results showed that HASC-EVs were not internalized or directly interacted with THP-1 cells. HASC-P10 and P100 subsets of HASC-EVs were found to intrinsically produce ATP, which was converted to adenosine by CD73 and CD39 enzymes. Additionally, treatment of THP-1 cells with HASC-EVs prevented the activation of the NLRP3/caspase-1/inflammasome platform, involving the activation of A2a adenosine receptor. These findings suggest that HASC-EVs function as independent metabolic units capable of modulating cellular functions and exerting anti-inflammatory effects in monocytic cells.
