Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Jiaju Hu, Ying Yu, Zhuolin Xiao, Ying Gao
Summary: Photochemical vapor generation (PVG) of Zinc (Zn) and Gallium (Ga) was reported for the first time in this study. The study investigated the main parameters influencing PVG of Zn and Ga and found that formic acid (FA) and Cu2+ were required for the generation of volatile species. The study also examined the effects of interfering ions on PVG of Zn and Ga and speculated the formation of carbonyl compounds. Good precisions and low limits of detection were achieved with PVG-ICP-MS measurement. Furthermore, nanoparticles containing Cu, Zn or Ga were discovered in the liquid solution after UV irradiation.
MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Ying Yu, Hanjiao Chen, Qian Zhao, Qing Mou, Liang Dong, Ruilin Wang, Zeming Shi, Ying Gao
Summary: Enhancement and/or suppression effects on the photochemical vapor generation (PVG) of 17 elements at the gas-liquid interface were observed, with up to 7.3-fold increase in analytical sensitivity in the presence of gas-liquid interface(s) compared to traditional methods. The introduction of gas-liquid interface(s) and elevated temperature likely facilitated radical generation, subsequent reactions, and separation/detection of volatile species of elements, while unstable intermediate substances/products decomposed at high temperatures, decreasing analyte signal response. This finding contributes to understanding element transport under UV irradiation and has potential applications in trace element analysis in environmental and biological samples.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Jakub Soukal, Stanislav Musil
Summary: The PVG of Ni in fresh water samples was optimized for high sensitivity and low LOD using a flow-through photoreactor with 30% formic acid, achieving an overall efficiency of 42% and LOD of 1.9 ng L-1. The addition of 1.5 M ammonium formate improved efficiency, but did not significantly impact analytical performance. Interferences from inorganic anions and transition metals were investigated, and accuracy was confirmed through analysis of standard reference materials.
MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Liang Dong, Weigao Wang, Yongyan Ning, Xiuqin Deng, Ying Gao
Summary: A method for sensitive detection of trace antimony (Sb) was developed by ICP MS coupled with PVG using V(IV) ions as sensitizers. Factors influencing PVG and Sb detection by ICP MS were investigated, and optimal conditions for efficient reduction of Sb were found. The proposed method showed enhanced analytical sensitivity compared to traditional direct solution nebulization, with satisfactory results obtained for the determination of trace Sb in water samples and sediments.
ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yongchun Liu, Jie Zou, Bin Luo, Hairong Yu, Zhigang Zhao, Hui Xia
Summary: Using natural plant extracts as auxiliary matrix or photocatalysts can enhance the efficiency and sensitivity of photochemical vapor generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry for trace mercury determination, while reducing biological toxicity and secondary pollution. This green and sensitive method provides an experimental basis for expanding the photochemical vapor generation system.
MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Xin Yuan, Jiahui Zhang, Haiyan Yang, Qing Yang, Laicai Li, Mei Zhang, Ke Huang
Summary: In this study, an instrument-free paper-based analytical device was developed for specific and sensitive quantitation of Ni(II) using CdTe quantum dots. The fluorescence of CdTe quantum dots was effectively quenched by converting Ni(II) to volatile Ni(CO)4 through headspace photochemical vapor generation. The quenching mechanism was studied through experimental and theoretical investigations.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Xing Liu, Linjie Chen, Huan Peng, Guan Wang, Nicholas Stanley Belshaw, Hongtao Zheng, Shenghong Hu, Zhenli Zhu
Summary: A fast, highly sensitive and cost-effective method for Cd isotopic analysis has been developed based on plasma electrochemical vapor generation (PEVG) coupled with MC-ICPMS. PEVG enhances sensitivity by more than 6 times compared with conventional pneumatic nebulization (PN) system and simplifies the complex purification process.
ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Han Yu, Yuqi Shi, Aiwu Ding, Jianhe Liao, Hongxing Gui, Yongping Chen
Summary: The global water crisis is worsening, and solar steam generation is being studied for clean water production and wastewater treatment. However, the efficiency of solar vapor transfer is still low. In this study, a simple and low-cost method using recycled natural rubber sponge coated with polydopamine was proposed to fabricate photothermal materials. The results showed that the photothermal materials had excellent performance, maintaining a high level of vapor generation even in corrosive liquids.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Ying Yu, Jiaju Hu, Xinyi Zhao, Jiangchuan Liu, Ying Gao
Summary: Photochemical vapor generation (PVG) of germanium (Ge) was first reported in this work. The synergistic effect from cobalt/chloride ions and air-liquid interfaces was found to enhance the PVG of Ge. The study also investigated the PVG mechanism of Ge and explored its potential applications.
ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Cagdas Buyukpinar, Nevim San, Okan T. Komesli, Sezgin Bakirdere
Summary: The study used a photochemical vapor generation-atomic absorption spectrometry method for nickel determination, optimizing conditions to maximize analytical signals. Spiking experiments in wastewater samples showed high accuracy and applicability of the developed method for nickel ion determination at different concentrations.
ANALYTICAL LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Xiaolong Ma, Xiaodong Jia, Hui Gao, Dongsheng Wen
Summary: Through the design of light-trapping surface structures and the use of ultrasonic spray coating methods, solar absorption and thermal conversion efficiency can be significantly improved to achieve solar vapor generation. The nanofiber light-trapping coating shows strong solar absorption capabilities across the entire solar spectrum at different incident angles.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Lanlan Li, Qirui Huang, Jing Xiao, Jiamin Feng, Shu Zhang, Hong Luo, Zhirong Zou, Xiaoli Xiong
Summary: In this study, Fe3O4 served as both an adsorbent and photocatalyst in the photochemical vapor generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometry (PVG-AFS) determination of Bi(III) after preconcentration. The effects of formic and acetic acid concentration, UV irradiation time, Fe3O4 concentration, and interferences from co-existing ions were investigated. Results showed that the AFS intensity was slightly enhanced by the mixed acid solution, but a significant enhancement was observed when Fe3O4 was used as a photocatalyst. Fe3O4 can decompose in the mixed acid solution, generating Fe3+ which acts as a sensitizer for improving Bi(III) efficiency. Under optimized conditions, the LOD of the proposed PVG-AFS system with or without preconcentration (5 mL sample) were 0.44 ng/mL and 0.07 ng/mL, respectively. The PVG-AFS system was successfully applied to the determination of water samples and demonstrated good accuracy and applicability with recoveries ranging from 94% to 104%.
MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Jingru Liu, Qingxi Yuan, Wangxia Huang, Xiping Song
Summary: In this study, a novel nanoporous magnesium-lithium material prepared by a physical vapor deposition method exhibits excellent hydrogen generation property. It can efficiently and quickly generate hydrogen with saltwater, showing high hydrogen generation amount and rates. The improved performance is attributed to the nanoporous structure and the addition of lithium element.
JOURNAL OF MAGNESIUM AND ALLOYS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Haolin Bao, Xiuhong Peng, Zelin Song, Yongyan Ning, Ying Yu, Ying Gao
Summary: The study found that the natural mineral vanadic titanomagnetite tailing can enhance the sensitivity of elements in photochemical vapor generation (PVG) and is more stable compared to commercial nano-Fe3O4. This research is important for developing novel catalytical materials in PVG and understanding the environmental impact of tailings on ecological environment.
MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Stanislav Musil, Eva Jenikova, Jaromir Vyhnanovsky, Ralph E. Sturgeon
Summary: In this study, a highly efficient photochemical vapor generation (PVG) method was described for generating a volatile species of Ir for subsequent detection. PVG efficiency was optimized by adjusting irradiation time, pH of the reaction medium, and the presence of metal sensitizers. The developed methodology showed high repeatability and low limits of detection for Ir analysis by ICPMS. Interference from various substances was investigated, and the method showed excellent tolerance towards chloride. The practical application of the method was demonstrated by direct analysis of water samples with high spike recovery.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Tomas Matousek, Jan Kratzer, Ralph E. Sturgeon, Zoltan Mester, Stanislav Musil
Summary: Hydride generation coupled with cryotrapping was used to introduce four gaseous organoarsenic compounds into a direct analysis in real-time source for high-resolution mass spectrometry (DART-HR-MS). The study showed that numerous arsenic ion species were formed in the DART source, but did not accurately reflect their origin due to oxidation, hydride abstraction, methyl group(s) loss, and formation of oligomer ions. This complicates the identification of original species in both detection modes, potentially leading to misinterpretation.
ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Jaromir Vyhnanovsky, Dilek Yildiz, Barbora Stadlerova, Stanislav Musil
Summary: The study achieved photochemical vapor generation of bismuth with optimal conditions determined through investigating the influence of sensitizers and reaction medium flow rate. Combining PVG with atomic fluorescence spectrometry can provide low limits of detection at a low operation cost.
MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Eva Jenikova, Eliska Novakova, Jakub Hranicek, Stanislav Musil
Summary: Photochemical vapor generation (PVG) of Te4+ was achieved using a simple reactor and investigated for its application in the determination of Te in water samples. The study explored the composition of the reaction medium, the irradiation time, and the effects of sensitizers and interferents. The results showed that PVG could be used for sensitive determination of Te in water samples under optimized conditions.
ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Enea Pagliano, Jaromir Vyhnanovsky, Stanislav Musil, Richard M. de Oliveira, Sandor T. Forczek, Ralph E. Sturgeon
Summary: The volatile synthetic products of photochemical vapor generation of Os(iv) and W(vi) have been confirmed by GC-MS. Osmium tetroxide and tungsten hexacarbonyl were identified as the species generated in different oxidizing and reducing media. However, the PVG products of Os and Ru generated in reducing media could not be determined using GC-MS and require other more direct methods for analysis.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Jakub Soukal, Stanislav Musil
Summary: The PVG of Ni in fresh water samples was optimized for high sensitivity and low LOD using a flow-through photoreactor with 30% formic acid, achieving an overall efficiency of 42% and LOD of 1.9 ng L-1. The addition of 1.5 M ammonium formate improved efficiency, but did not significantly impact analytical performance. Interferences from inorganic anions and transition metals were investigated, and accuracy was confirmed through analysis of standard reference materials.
MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Eva Jenikova, Eliska Novakova, Helena Ruxova, Stanislav Musil, Jakub Hranicek
Summary: UV-photochemical vapor generation was used to investigate tetravalent tellurium, and the optimal conditions and performance of the method were determined. The study found that UV radiation had a more effective penetration into the liquid medium, leading to the release of volatile compounds of Te. Additionally, efficient atomization was achieved by adding H-2 and raising the temperature, indicating the molecular nature of the volatile species. The overall generation efficiency at optimal AAS measurements was approximately 8%.
MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Adrian Garcia-Figueroa, Stanislav Musil, Tomas Matousek
Summary: An automated and high-throughput method for sensitive determination of tellurium species in the environment, using flow injection hydride generation interfaced with inductively coupled plasma triple quadrupole mass spectrometry, was developed. The method showed excellent sensitivity and repeatability, and was successfully applied to the analysis of real samples.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zhangxun Huang, Ran Bi, Stanislav Musil, Asta H. Petursdottir, Bicheng Luo, Puhui Zhao, Xi Tan, Yongfeng Jia
Summary: This study suggests a potential health risk related to inorganic arsenic exposure in edible seaweed, particularly Sargassum species. Monitoring the risk of iAs exposure through seaweed consumption or livestock feed is important, as arsenic accumulation and speciation may be species-dependent rather than environmental factors.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Stanislav Musil, Eva Jenikova, Jaromir Vyhnanovsky, Ralph E. Sturgeon
Summary: In this study, a highly efficient photochemical vapor generation (PVG) method was described for generating a volatile species of Ir for subsequent detection. PVG efficiency was optimized by adjusting irradiation time, pH of the reaction medium, and the presence of metal sensitizers. The developed methodology showed high repeatability and low limits of detection for Ir analysis by ICPMS. Interference from various substances was investigated, and the method showed excellent tolerance towards chloride. The practical application of the method was demonstrated by direct analysis of water samples with high spike recovery.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Spectroscopy
Eliska Novakova, Katerina Sembschova, Stanislav Musil
Summary: Chemical vapor generation (CVG) using a custom made generator with high-resolution continuum-source atomic absorption detection was used to produce volatile species of zinc. The study examined the influence of the composition of the reaction medium and various reaction modifiers. The optimal conditions involved a neutral to basic pH of the reaction mixture, 8-hydroxyquinoline as a reaction modifier, and achieved a substantial improvement in generation efficiency.
SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART B-ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Barbora Stadlerova, Linda Sagapova, Stanislav Musil
Summary: A methodology based on chemical vapour generation coupled to atomic fluorescence spectrometry was developed for ultratrace determination of cadmium. The method achieved excellent sensitivity and accuracy, with a limit of detection of 0.42 ng L-1 Cd and good agreement with certified values. This methodology demonstrated successful practical application in the analysis of various samples.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Zuzana Gajdosechova, Patricia Grinberg, Kevin Kubachka, Mesay Wolle, Andrea Raab, Joerg Feldmann, Rebecca Sim, asta H. Petursdottir, Tomas Matousek, Stanislav Musil, Ben Wozniak, Stephen Springer, Nausheen W. Sadiq, Hakan Gurleyuk, Calvin H. Palmer, Indumathi Pihillagawa Gedara, Zoltan Mester
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the issues in arsenic speciation analysis in biological matrices and validate the analytical methods. An international round-robin study showed that inadequate verification of the analyte's mass fractions in calibration standard solutions could introduce significant biases. The choice of extraction method had minimal impact on quantitation of arsenic species in plant and terrestrial biological tissues, but following a prescribed extraction method resulted in reduced uncertainties in complex samples such as marine animal tissues.
ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Richard M. de Oliveira, Daniel L. G. Borges, Patricia Grinberg, Ralph E. Sturgeon
Summary: A novel high yield photochemical vapor generation (PVG) method for Os was developed, achieving a method detection limit of 0.16 pg mL(-1) and a precision of 4% (RSD) at 10 ng mL(-1). The product identity has not been confirmed but is suspected to be a carbonyl or alkyl-substituted carbonyl based on the reaction conditions and volatility difference from OsO4.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY
(2021)
