Article
Cell Biology
Debashree Chatterjee, Yuwei Zhang, Christ-Dominique Ngassaki-Yoka, Antoine Dutilleul, Soumia Khalfi, Olivier Hernalsteens, Tomas Raul Wiche Salinas, Jonathan Dias, Huicheng Chen, Yasmine Smail, Jean-Philippe Goulet, Brendan Bell, Jean-Pierre Routy, Carine Van Lint, Petronela Ancuta
Summary: The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) inhibits HIV-1 replication and outgrowth in TCR-activated CD4+ T cells. AhR blockade improves early/late reverse transcription, integration/translation, and viral outgrowth in CD4+ T cells of people living with HIV-1 receiving antiretroviral therapy. AhR blockade downregulates genes/pathways involved in HIV-1 interaction and gut-homing in CD4+ T cells of ART-treated PLWH, and HIC1 is identified as a direct AhR target.
Article
Oncology
Linyan Yu, Zhaozhong Wang, Yuan Hu, Yanan Wang, Nan Lu, Cai Zhang
Summary: Gamma delta T-cells recognize infected or transformed cells and are associated with antitumor immune response. This study found that tumor-infiltrating gamma delta T-cells exhibit functional exhaustion in colorectal cancer (CRC) and identified three distinct exhausted subsets of gamma delta T-cells. The transcription factor c-Maf was shown to play a key role in gamma delta T-cell exhaustion. These findings provide insights into the mechanisms and association of gamma delta T-cell exhaustion with tumor development and pathogenesis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Review
Plant Sciences
Murray R. Badger, Robert E. Sharwood
Summary: This article discusses the challenges and solutions in the evolution of Rubisco as a CO2-fixing enzyme, highlighting the importance of its catalytic mechanism and kinetic properties. Despite the incomplete understanding of Rubisco, it and its partners have achieved remarkable success in high O-2, low CO2, and variable climatic conditions.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lauren B. Rodda, Peter A. Morawski, Kurt B. Pruner, Mitchell L. Fahning, Christian A. Howard, Nicholas Franko, Jennifer Logue, Julie Eggenberger, Caleb Stokes, Inah Golez, Malika Hale, Michael Gale, Helen Y. Chu, Daniel J. Campbell, Marion Pepper
Summary: Research found that individuals previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 generate more specific memory B cells, variant-neutralizing antibodies, and a distinct population of memory CD4(+) T cells compared to those who were previously naive. Additional vaccination does not replicate the unique CD4(+) T cell cytokine profile observed in previously infected individuals.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wouter T'Jonck, Calum C. Bain
Summary: Macrophages are important for maintaining tissue homeostasis and defending against pathogens. In mucosal barrier tissues like the lung and gut, monocytes can differentiate into macrophages. However, the role of monocyte-derived macrophages in infection, injury, and inflammation is still debated.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY & CELL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Shayne Lavondua Ford, Terkild Brink Buus, Claudia Nastasi, Carsten Geisler, Charlotte Menne Bonefeld, Niels Odum, Anders Woetmann
Summary: This study reveals that human memory CD4(+) T cells can produce hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), which affects various tissues through c-Met signaling. In vitro differentiation experiments showed an increase in HGF-producing T cells under Th1 conditions. HGF production was enriched by targeting cells with surface CD30 expression, identified through single-cell RNA sequencing. Inhibition of PI3K or mTOR suppressed HGF mRNA and protein, while Akt inhibition increased their levels. These findings suggest the involvement of HGF-producing T cells in Th1-related diseases.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Joris van der Veeken, Clarissa Campbell, Yuri Pritykin, Michail Schizas, Jacob Verter, Wei Hu, Zhong-Min Wang, Fanny Matheis, Daniel Mucida, Louis-Marie Charbonnier, Talal A. Chatila, Alexander Y. Rudensky
Summary: The role of Foxp3 in peripheral pTreg cells and the mechanisms supporting their differentiation remain poorly understood. This study used genetic tracing to identify microbiota-induced pTreg cells and found that many of their distinguishing features were Foxp3 independent. While Foxp3 was critical for the suppression of certain diseases, pTreg cells could suppress colonic effector T cell expansion in a Foxp3-independent manner. Thus, Foxp3 and the tolerogenic signals preceding and promoting its expression confer distinct facets of pTreg functionality.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sara Trabanelli, Giuseppe Ercolano, Tania Wyss, Alejandra Gomez-Cadena, Maryline Falquet, Daniela Cropp, Claire Imbratta, Marine M. Leblond, Valentina Salvestrini, Antonio Curti, Olivier Adotevi, Camilla Jandus, Gregory Verdeil
Summary: The transcription factor c-Maf is found to be indispensable for optimal type 2 cytokine production and proper memory-like responses in group-2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s).
Article
Immunology
Qiao Liu, Lisha Wang, Huayu Lin, Zhiming Wang, Jialin Wu, Junyi Guo, Shuqiong Wen, Ling Ran, Zhengliang Yue, Xingxing Su, Qing Wu, Jianfang Tang, Zhirong Li, Li Hu, Lifan Xu, Lilin Ye, Qizhao Huang
Summary: Cytotoxic CD8(+) T cells are the main focus of anti-tumor immunity and immunotherapy research, but transferred tumor-specific CD8(+) T cells have limited effect on suppressing tumor growth. On the other hand, CD4(+) T cells play an important role in curtailing tumor metastasis.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Immunology
Amy S. Weinmann
Summary: Signaling via T cell antigen receptors is reduced in aging. Surprisingly, CD4(+) T cells from older adults exhibit a preference for differentiating into effector-like cells rather than memory cells. This decision is influenced by an altered balance between HELIOS, IL-2R alpha, and STAT5 activities.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Li-En Hsieh, Jaeyoon Song, Alba Grifoni, Chisato Shimizu, Adriana H. Tremoulet, Kirsten B. Dummer, Jane C. Burns, Alessandro Sette, Alessandra Franco
Summary: In this study, SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell responses were analyzed in 22 subacute MIS-C children. CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses were detected in some subjects, and a subset of DN T cells recognizing SARS-CoV-2 peptides was observed. T cell epitope spreading and increased magnitude of Th and CTL responses were noted during the follow-up period.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Gretchen A. Youssef
Summary: The article highlights Gretchen Youssef's extensive experience and research achievements in the field of diabetes care, emphasizing the importance of diabetes management and prevention, as well as her commitment to improving the quality of life for diabetes patients.
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Heidi G. Sutherland, Lyn R. Griffiths
Summary: Life on earth follows daily and seasonal rhythms, with organisms evolving behaviors and functions that respond to predicted light-dark cycles. These cycles are driven by a & SIM;24-hour rhythmic expression of core clock genes/proteins, regulated by external cues such as light and temperature. Clock proteins then control gene transcription networks, impacting circadian behavior and physiology. In mammals, the central pacemaker, the suprachiasmatic nucleus, in the hypothalamus synchronizes the clock and integrates zeitgeber signals with neuroendocrine functions for body homeostasis.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Laura A. Shaw, Tianda Z. Deng, Kyla D. Omilusik, Kennidy K. Takehara, Quynh P. Nguyen, Ananda W. Goldrath
Summary: CD4(+) T cells are important in vaccine development, but the existence of multiple helper subsets complicates the identification of memory precursor cells. Recent research has found that the expression of Id3 can identify a subset of CD4(+) T cells with memory potential, which exhibit significant re-expansion in response to secondary infection.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Louise Malle, Roosheel S. Patel, Marta Martin-Fernandez, O'Jay Stewart, Quentin Philippot, Sofija Buta, Ashley Richardson, Vanessa Barcessat, Justin Taft, Paul Bastard, Julie Samuels, Clotilde Mircher, Anne-Sophie Rebillat, Louise Maillebouis, Marie Vilaire-Meunier, Kevin Tuballes, Brad R. Rosenberg, Rebecca Trachtman, Jean-Laurent Casanova, Luigi D. Notarangelo, Sacha Gnjatic, Douglas Bush, Dusan Bogunovic
Summary: Individuals with Down's syndrome (DS) exhibit multiple impairments such as cardiac, neurocognitive, and growth issues. They are also prone to severe infections and autoimmune disorders. This study reveals an autoimmune-prone state in DS characterized by persistent elevation of cytokines, chronic activation of CD4 T cells, and ongoing B cell activation. Furthermore, auto-antibodies targeting various organs and systems were detected in DS individuals' plasma, suggesting a breach in immune tolerance.
