Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Guoyan Wang, Jun Zhang, Shengru Wu, Senlin Qin, Yining Zheng, Chao Xia, Huijun Geng, Junhu Yao, Lu Deng
Summary: Cattle have a unique mechanism for efficient hepatic gluconeogenesis, involving the high expression of specific genes and the activation of the mTORC1 signaling pathway. These findings are important for understanding the mechanism underlying the quantitative differences in hepatic gluconeogenesis efficiency between cattle and non-ruminant animals.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Guoyan Wang, Jun Zhang, Shengru Wu, Senlin Qin, Yining Zheng, Chao Xia, Huijun Geng, Junhu Yao, Lu Deng
Summary: This study uncovered the mechanisms of high-efficiency hepatic gluconeogenesis in cattle, involving gene expression and regulation by mTORC1 activation. This provides important insights into understanding the differences in this process between cattle and non-ruminant animals.
Review
Immunology
Xianxiu Wan, Nisha Jain Garg
Summary: Trypanosoma cruzi, a digenetic parasite, replicates in mammalian hosts, triggering immune responses and cellular damage, leading to the release of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. Mitochondrial dysfunction is proposed as a major source of oxidative stress in chronic infection, contributing to Chagas disease pathology. SIRT1, a histone deacetylase, may improve mitochondrial function and control oxidative and inflammatory stress in Chagas disease.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Jonghyuk Park, Jimmy Kim, Toshio Mikami
Summary: A single bout of high-intensity exercise can increase mitochondrial biogenesis in the hippocampus of mice, depending on exercise intensity and post-exercise blood lactate levels.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Weilin Xu, Jun Yan, Umut Ocak, Cameron Lenahan, Anwen Shao, Jiping Tang, Jianmin Zhang, John H. Zhang
Summary: Activation of MC1R using BMS-470539 significantly attenuated early brain injury following SAH by suppressing oxidative stress, apoptosis, and mitochondrial fission through the AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1 alpha signaling pathway, improving neurological deficits and memory impairments.
Review
Cell Biology
Ho-Yeop Lee, Ha Thi Nga, Jingwen Tian, Hyon-Seung Yi
Summary: HCC is a leading cause of cancer death worldwide, with its progression and metastasis closely linked to altered mitochondrial metabolism, including OXPHOS defects, increased ROS production, and UPRmt activation. Upregulation of FGF21 and GDF15 during UPRmt is positively correlated with liver cancer development, progression, and metastasis, while mitoribosomal defects contribute to HCC progression.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Milton Packer
Summary: Qiliqiangxin (QLQX) is a traditional Chinese medicine consisting of 11 plant ingredients that exert cardiovascular effects by regulating nutrient surplus and nutrient deprivation pathways. Experimental studies and clinical trials have shown its beneficial effects in improving cardiac injuries.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEART FAILURE
(2023)
Article
Biology
Benita L. Mcvicker, Ronda L. Simpson, Frederick G. Hamel, Robert G. Bennett
Summary: This study found that the selective PPAR gamma drug SR1664 can effectively reduce obesity-related liver fibrosis without causing weight gain.
Review
Cell Biology
Yaqin Zhao, Huabing Tan, Xiaoyu Zhang, Jing Zhu
Summary: This article summarizes the role of PPARs in the occurrence and development of HCC, as well as their value in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of HCC.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ya-Na Yang, Mao-Qing Zhang, Feng-Lin Yu, Bing Han, Ming-Yue Bao, Xing Li, Yuan Zhang
Summary: Neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs) are characterized by progressive loss of vulnerable neuronal populations and myelin sheath, leading to behavioral and cognitive dysfunction. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-? coactivator-1a (PGC-1a) has shown a strong connection with NDDs and its understanding is important for the development of therapeutic strategies. This review provides an overview of PGC-1a, its role in various NDDs, and the mechanisms through which it exerts neuroprotective effects.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Qianqian Ding, Xianji Liu, Yanxiang Qi, Xiaoqiang Yao, Suk Ying Tsang
Summary: The study investigated the role of transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channel in regulating the maturation of embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (ESC-CMs). Results showed that TRPA1 promotes the maturation of cardiomyocytes, and its knockdown impairs maturation. Mechanistically, TRPA1 regulates ESC-CMs maturation through the MKP-1-p38 MAPK-PGC-1a pathway. Activation of TRPA1 provides a novel and straightforward strategy for improving the maturation of pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes.
STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Chang Wang, Ying Shi, Xiaomei Wang, Heming Ma, Quan Liu, Yanhang Gao, Junqi Niu
Summary: Fibrates, as agonists of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha, have shown potential in the treatment of primary biliary cholangitis. Combining fibrates with ursodeoxycholic acid can reduce alkaline phosphatase levels and improve clinical outcomes in patients with an inadequate response to ursodeoxycholic acid monotherapy. Fibrates also relieve pruritus, unlike obeticholic acid. By targeting peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, fibrates have the potential to treat primary biliary cholangitis by regulating hepatic immunity.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xin-xin Zhu, Xia Wang, Shi-yu Jiao, Ye Liu, Li Shi, Qing Xu, Jing-jing Wang, Yun-er Chen, Qi Zhang, Yan-ting Song, Ming Wei, Bao-qi Yu, Jens Fielitz, Frank J. Gonzalez, Jie Du, Ai-juan Qu
Summary: Cardiac dysfunction is a key component in sepsis-induced multi-organ failure. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathway, especially PPARa, is significantly decreased in septic cardiomyopathy. Cardiomyocyte-specific PPARa deficiency exacerbates mitochondrial dysfunction and fatty acid metabolism impairment, leading to cardiac dysfunction. Targeting PPARa may be a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of septic cardiomyopathy.
ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xueqiang Wang, Weiqiang Lv, Jie Xu, Adi Zheng, Mengqi Zeng, Ke Cao, Xun Wang, Yuting Cui, Hao Li, Meng Yang, Yongping Shao, Fang Zhang, Xuan Zou, Jiangang Long, Zhihui Feng, Jiankang Liu
Summary: Alternate day fasting (ADF) leads to metabolic reprogramming in the liver and dysfunction of complex II. Knockout of the Sdhaf4 gene in the liver improves glucose tolerance and systemic insulin sensitivity, similar to the effects of ADF intervention. Hepatocytes activate the arginine-nitric oxide (NO) biosynthesis axis in response to complex II and citric acid cycle dysfunction, and the released NO enhances insulin sensitivity in muscle and adipocytes.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Adele Romano, Marzia Friuli, Laura Del Coco, Serena Longo, Daniele Vergara, Piero Del Boccio, Silvia Valentinuzzi, Ilaria Cicalini, Francesco P. Fanizzi, Silvana Gaetani, Anna M. Giudetti
Summary: Oleoylethanolamide (OEA) is a naturally occurring bioactive lipid with potential anti-obesity and anti-hepatic lipid accumulation effects. Its mechanism of action involves regulation of key enzymes and proteins in lipid metabolism in the liver.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Carlo De Matteis, Lucilla Crudele, Marica Cariello, Stefano Battaglia, Giuseppina Piazzolla, Patrizia Suppressa, Carlo Sabba, Elena Piccinin, Antonio Moschetta
Summary: This study investigated the association between vitamin D levels and inflammatory status in a population of adults. The results showed an inverse relationship between vitamin D levels and the monocytes-to-high density lipoprotein ratio (MHR). When stratified by gender and body composition, men showed a significant relationship only in cases of central obesity, while women exhibited a lifelong negative correlation between circulating vitamin D levels and MHR, regardless of metabolic status.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Oihane Garcia-Irigoyen, Fabiola Bovenga, Marilidia Piglionica, Elena Piccinin, Marica Cariello, Maria Arconzo, Claudia Peres, Paola Antonia Corsetto, Angela Maria Rizzo, Marta Ballanti, Rossella Menghini, Geltrude Mingrone, Philippe Lefebvre, Bart Staels, Takuji Shirasawa, Carlo Sabba, Gaetano Villani, Massimo Federici, Antonio Moschetta
Summary: This study provides compelling evidence supporting the involvement of oxidative stress and intestinal inflammation in obesity and its related comorbidities. The deficiency of the antioxidant enzyme SOD2 in the gastrointestinal tract leads to spontaneous obesity in mice. This obesity phenotype is driven by PLA2 activation and increased release of arachidonic acid. The negative correlation between intestinal SOD2 mRNA levels and obesity features is conserved between mice and humans, suggesting potential therapeutic targets for this metabolic disorder.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gabriele Mocciaro, Simona D'Amore, Benjamin Jenkins, Richard Kay, Antonio Murgia, Luis Vicente Herrera-Marcos, Stefanie Neun, Alice P. Sowton, Zoe Hall, Susana Alejandra Palma-Duran, Giuseppe Palasciano, Frank Reimann, Andrew Murray, Patrizia Suppressa, Carlo Sabba, Antonio Moschetta, Albert Koulman, Julian L. Griffin, Michele Vacca
Summary: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterized by cardiovascular risk factors such as central obesity and atherogenic dyslipidemia. This study used an integrated omics approach to study lipoprotein remodeling and HDL composition in subjects with MetS. The results showed abnormal lipid levels and impaired phospholipid metabolism in HDL, which may be related to the decreased activity of lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT).
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Raffaella Maria Gadaleta, Marica Cariello, Lucilla Crudele, Antonio Moschetta
Summary: Bile acid species and gut microbiota are crucial for intestinal mucosa homeostasis, shaping and affecting each other. High levels of secondary bile acids are detrimental, and a lack of BSH-active bacteria can lead to intestinal inflammation.
Article
Oncology
Marica Cariello, Roberta Zerlotin, Emanuela Pasculli, Elena Piccinin, Claudia Peres, Emanuele Porru, Aldo Roda, Raffaella Maria Gadaleta, Antonio Moschetta
Summary: The activation of intestinal FXR can prevent both inflammation- and genetically-driven colorectal tumorigenesis by modulating the size and composition of bile acid pool, providing new possibilities for the therapeutic management of intestinal inflammation and tumorigenesis.
Article
Biology
Marica Cariello, Elena Piccinin, Emanuela Pasculli, Maria Arconzo, Roberta Zerlotin, Simona D'Amore, Francesca Mastropasqua, Claudia Peres, Giusi Graziano, Gaetano Villani, Graziano Pesole, Antonio Moschetta
Summary: Platelets from patients with visceral obesity, which highly express miR-19a, can strongly promote colon cancer growth. Platelets can influence tumor development and metastasis formation through the secretion of growth factors and cytokines, as well as direct interaction with cancer cells and endothelium. These findings provide important insights into the link between platelet activation, obesity, and colon cancer.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Lucilla Crudele, Fabio Novielli, Stefano Petruzzelli, Stefano Battaglia, Antonio Francesco Maria Giuliano, Rosa Melodia, Chiara Maria Morano, Paola Dell'Aquila, Renata Moretti, Luigi Castorani, Roberto Salvia, Gianfranco Inglese, Nicola Susca, Lucrezia Dell'Olio, Francesca Falcone, Mariapaola Castaldo, Carlo De Matteis, Carlo Sabba, Antonio Moschetta
Summary: This study aimed to determine if parameters assessing metabolic status can predict prognosis and mortality risk in COVID-19 patients. The results showed that liver fibrosis scores have strong predictive power for in-hospital mortality, length of hospitalization, and admission to ICU.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Carlo De Matteis, Lucilla Crudele, Stefano Battaglia, Tiziana Loconte, Arianna Rotondo, Roberta Ferrulli, Raffaella Maria Gadaleta, Giuseppina Piazzolla, Patrizia Suppressa, Carlo Sabba, Marica Cariello, Antonio Moschetta
Summary: Adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with reduced mortality, particularly in individuals with cardiovascular disease, obesity, and diabetes. Existing validated Mediterranean diet scores did not show a significant association with adiposity, leading to the proposal of a new questionnaire, the Chrono Med-Diet score (CMDS), which focuses on dietary chronobiology and physical activity. CMDS was found to be linked to increased waist circumference, dysmetabolic conditions, cardiovascular risk, and Fatty Liver Index.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Davide Fiore Bavaro, Nicolo De Gennaro, Alessandra Belati, Lucia Diella, Roberta Papagni, Luisa Frallonardo, Michele Camporeale, Giacomo Guido, Carmen Pellegrino, Maricla Marrone, Alessandro Dell'Erba, Loreto Gesualdo, Nicola Brienza, Salvatore Grasso, Giuseppe Columbo, Antonio Moschetta, Giovanna Elisiana Carpagnano, Antonio Daleno, Anna Maria Minicucci, Giovanni Migliore, Annalisa Saracino
Summary: The introduction of a pro-active Infectious Disease (ID) consultation in a COVID-19 hospital can reduce the mortality risk of patients with MDROs infections by optimizing treatment and diagnostic strategies to improve patient outcomes.
Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Lucilla Crudele, Carlo De Matteis, Antonio Moschetta
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Lucilla Crudele, Raffaella Maria Gadaleta, Marica Cariello, Antonio Moschetta
Summary: The gut-liver axis plays a significant role in the development and treatment of diabetes, and the gut microbiota is a key factor. There are ongoing studies evaluating the therapeutic efficacy of probiotics in diabetes and its complications.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Elena Piccinin, Maria Arconzo, Maria Laura Matrella, Marica Cariello, Arnaud Polizzi, Yannick Lippi, Justine Bertrand-Michel, Herve Guillou, Nicolas Loiseau, Gaetano Villani, Antonio Moschetta
Summary: Intestinal disruption of Pgc1a impairs cholesterol absorption and protects the liver from steatosis and fibrosis by reducing cholesterol accumulation and new fatty acid production in the liver.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Simon Ducheix, Elena Piccinin, Claudia Peres, Oihane Garcia-Irigoyen, Justine Bertrand-Michel, Allan Fouache, Marica Cariello, Jean-Marc Lobaccaro, Herve Guillou, Carlo Sabba, James M. Ntambi, Antonio Moschetta
Summary: This study reveals the important role of mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) in intestinal metabolism in maintaining liver function and preventing the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
HEPATOLOGY COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)