Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yoko Matsumura, Masahiro Kitabatake, Shin-ichi Kayano, Toshihiro Ito
Summary: Oxidative stress can cause diseases, but antioxidants in foods can prevent diseases and delay aging. Phenolic compounds, such as flavonoids, are present in plants and contribute to the bitterness and color of foods. Dietary phenolic compounds exhibit antioxidant activity and can prevent cell aging and diseases. The structures of these compounds can be changed by intestinal bacteria metabolism, and the resulting metabolites exert effects in vivo.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Weiping Wu, Wugao Liu, Huafu Wang, Wei Wang, Weihua Chu, Jing Jin
Summary: This study found that beta-sitosterol has a regulatory effect on the gut microbial structure, inhibiting a key step in the development of atherosclerosis. Simultaneously, it improves plaque formation in AS mice by reducing TMA, FMO3, and TMAO levels. Additionally, beta-sitosterol improves cholesterol metabolism, reduces inflammation, and enhances antioxidant defense capacity.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Bin Xie, Xianpeng Zu, Zhicong Wang, Xike Xu, Guoping Liu, Runhui Liu
Summary: This study investigated the potential mechanism of ginsenoside Rc (GRc) in treating cardiovascular diseases by examining its effects on atherosclerosis and gut microbiota in mice. The results showed that GRc alleviated atherosclerotic injury and regulated the composition and metabolomic changes of gut microbiota.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Xinyi Shen, Lihua Li, Zhen Sun, Guangyao Zang, Lili Zhang, Chen Shao, Zhongqun Wang
Summary: Cardiovascular diseases are major causes of mortality and morbidity in modern society. Recent studies have found relationships between microbiota and atherosclerosis, influencing the stability of atherosclerotic plaque. Therapies based on microbiota and its metabolites are being explored for treatment.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yuyan Gu, Yaxin Zhang, Mei Li, Zhiyong Huang, Jing Jiang, Yihao Chen, Junqi Chen, Yuhua Jia, Lihua Zhang, Fenghua Zhou
Summary: Ferulic acid (FA) can significantly alleviate atherosclerotic injury in mice by modulating lipid metabolism and gut microbiota. This improvement may be partly achieved through the AMPK alpha/SREBP1/ACC1 pathway.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Md. Mominur Rahman, Fahadul Islam, Md. Harun-Or-Rashid, Abdullah Al Mamun, Md. Saidur Rahaman, Md. Mohaimenul Islam, Atkia Farzana Khan Meem, Popy Rani Sutradhar, Saikat Mitra, Anjuman Ara Mimi, Talha Bin Emran, Fatimawali, Rinaldi Idroes, Trina Ekawati Tallei, Muniruddin Ahmed, Simona Cavalu
Summary: In recent years, there has been considerable interest in studying the development and effects of the gut microbiota on the human body, especially its relationship to cardiovascular diseases. The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in human health and can influence the development of cardiovascular diseases such as heart failure and atherosclerosis. Research on the gut microbiota and stroke pathogenesis can provide new therapeutic prospects.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Shengjie Yang, Dan Li, Zongliang Yu, Yujuan Li, Min Wu
Summary: BBR, an important isoquinoline alkaloid found in various medicinal plants, has shown potential in treating AS and metabolic diseases by improving intestinal barrier function and reducing inflammation induced by gut microbiota-derived lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alicia Moreno-Ortega, Giuseppe Di Pede, Pedro Mena, Luca Calani, Daniele Del Rio, Jose Manuel Moreno-Rojas, Gema Pereira-Caro
Summary: The health benefits of onion intake are mainly attributed to the presence of phenolic and organosulfur compounds. This study investigated the stability of these compounds in fresh and black onion during in vitro colonic fermentation. Fresh onion showed an increase in phenolic content and stable organosulfur compound content, while black onion exhibited decreases in both phenolic and organosulfur compound content. The compounds detected after colonic fermentation could be related to the health benefits of consuming fresh and black onion.
Review
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Ying Sun, Chi-Tang Ho, Xin Zhang
Summary: Gut-brain connections may be mediated by microbial molecules that can cross barriers and impact neurological function. The interaction between gut microbiota and pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) is a novel target for regulating host-microbe signaling and immune homeostasis, potentially influencing the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Merichel Plaza, Maria Luisa Marina
Summary: Pressurized hot water extraction (PHWE) is a sustainable technique for extracting bioactive compounds without using organic solvents. This review provides an overview of PHWE fundamentals and its applications in recovering bioactive compounds from 2019 onwards. It also discusses the latest trends in PHWE, including its combination with other advanced extraction techniques and the use of natural deep eutectic solvents to enhance extraction yields.
TRAC-TRENDS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qinjun Zhang, Liangxiao Zhang, Cheng Chen, Peiwu Li, Baiyi Lu
Summary: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is a major global cause of death, and the gut microbiota and its metabolites are now known to play a pivotal role in its onset and progression, forming the GM-artery axis. There are interactions between dietary lipids and the gut microbiota, which ultimately affect atherosclerosis. The GM-artery axis acts as a communication bridge between dietary lipids and atherosclerosis.
PROGRESS IN LIPID RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Integrative & Complementary Medicine
Ya-Xin Zhang, Shan-Shan Qu, Li-Hua Zhang, Yu-Yan Gu, Yi-Hao Chen, Zhi-Yong Huang, Meng-Hua Liu, Wei Zou, Jing Jiang, Jun-Qi Chen, Yu-Jue Wang, Feng-Hua Zhou
Summary: The study demonstrates that OPD treatment significantly reduces the development of atherosclerosis, improves lipid levels and liver steatosis, and decreases the relative abundance of Erysipelotrichaceae genera associated with cholesterol metabolism in gut microbiota. OPD may attenuate atherosclerosis by inhibiting mTOR phosphorylation and lipid metabolism signaling pathways, in addition to altering gut microbiota composition and fecal metabolites.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ke Hu, Xing-Xing Liao, Xiao-Yun Wu, Rui Wang, Zi-Wei Hu, Si-Yuan Liu, Wen-Fen He, Jun-Jie Zhou
Summary: This study reveals the changes in lipid metabolites in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus regions and the characteristics of the gut microbiota in ApoE(-/-) mice with atherosclerosis co-depression, further confirming the existence of the microbiota-gut-brain axis.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Shiying Yang, Yuying Zhang, Wu Li, Bangyan You, Jiawen Yu, Xiaoxia Huang, Ruili Yang
Summary: PCA2 administration was found to attenuate HFD-induced AS in ApoE(-/-) mice by improving gut microbiota imbalance and regulating pathological abnormalities, lipid accumulation, oxidative stress, and inflammation. However, antibiotic intervention offset the benefits of PCA2 and prevented gut microbiota-mediated biotransformation, resulting in a significant decrease in microbial metabolites. The study highlights the significant influence of gut microbiota on the bioavailability of microbial metabolites and the potential of PCA2 in preventing AS.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Review
Horticulture
Paloma Rodriguez-Lopez, Ascension Rueda-Robles, Isabel Borras-Linares, Rosa Maria Quirantes-Pine, Tatiana Emanuelli, Antonio Segura-Carretero, Jesus Lozano-Sanchez
Summary: This systematic review focuses on the phenolic profiles of grape, juice, and wine, as well as the potential benefits of their consumption on the human microbiota. It highlights the possibility of exploring a new research area based on the synergy between polyphenol consumption and microbiota, and emphasizes the urgent need for strategies to improve the bioavailability of these compounds.
Article
Oncology
Laura E. Griffin, Sarah E. Kohrt, Atul Rathore, Colin D. Kay, Magdalena M. Grabowska, Andrew P. Neilson
Summary: Flavanols are metabolized by gut microbiota to bioavailable metabolites, which can inhibit bladder cancer proliferation. The use of individual genetics and microbial metabotyping to design personalized dietary interventions can reduce bladder cancer incidence and improve treatment outcomes.
NUTRITION AND CANCER-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Carol L. Cheatham, David C. Nieman, Andrew P. Neilson, Mary Ann Lila
Summary: Age-related cognitive changes may be an early indication of dementia progression, and these changes are driven by complex interactions among factors such as diet, activity levels, genetics, and environment. Recent studies have found that flavonoid-rich foods can inhibit neuroinflammation and enhance cognitive performance. Improved cognition is also correlated with a physically active lifestyle and a diverse gut microbiome. This article suggests that a combination of flavonoid intake and physical exertion may have potential impacts on cognitive function, mediated by the gut microbiome. Further research is needed to explore this hypothesis through animal studies and clinical interventions.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kathryn C. Racine, Lisard Iglesias-Carres, Jacob A. Herring, Mario G. Ferruzzi, Colin D. Kay, Jeffery S. Tessem, Andrew P. Neilson
Summary: This study found that cocoa supplementation may have different gender responses in the development and progression of type 2 diabetes. Acute cocoa reduced fasting hyperglycemia in females, while chronic supplementation improved hyperinsulinemia in males but worsened hyperlipidemia and hyperinsulinemia in females.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Lisard Iglesias-Carres, Kathryn C. Racine, Sydney Chadwick, Candace Nunn, Sathya B. Kalambur, Andrew P. Neilson, Mario G. Ferruzzi
Summary: The use of alternative, green antioxidant (AOX) systems is required by consumers, but natural AOX systems have challenges in maintaining desirable color in fried potato chips. Ascorbic acid solubilization in oil and migration to the chip surface play crucial roles in the observed off-color formation. Multiple complex reactions, including Maillard reactions and food matrix components, may contribute to color development. Factors such as AOX concentration, free amino acid concentration, temperature, and moisture are critical for controlling undesirable color formation during frying.
LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Elia Navarro-Masip, Francesca Manocchio, Marina Colom-Pellicer, Xavier Escote, Lisard Iglesias-Carres, Enrique Calvo, Francisca Bravo, Begona Muguerza, Yves Desjardins, Gerard Aragones
Summary: This study examines the seasonal effects of red grapes on metabolic markers of adipose tissue in healthy rats. The results show that consuming organic red grapes can increase energy expenditure and enhance UCP1 protein expression in brown adipose tissue. Furthermore, red grape consumption affects the gene expression profile of white adipose tissue, regulating browning markers and adipogenic/lipolytic markers in a photoperiod-dependent manner.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Lisard Iglesias-Carres, Angelica Bruno, Isabella 'Antuono, Vito Linsalata, Angela Cardinali, Andrew P. Neilson
Summary: This study investigated the chemical composition and in vitro biological activities of two globe artichoke varieties, RS and SS, and found that they have potential antioxidant and cardioprotective effects, as well as neuroprotective effects.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Adhini Kuppuswamy Satheesh Babu, Chrissa Petersen, Henry A. Paz, Lisard Iglesias-Carres, Ying Li, Ying Zhong, Andrew P. Neilson, Umesh D. Wankhade, Pon Velayutham Anandh Babu
Summary: This study develops an efficient strategy to deplete gut microbes and suppress the production of microbial metabolites in mice without affecting their metabolic health.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lisard Iglesias-Carres, Kathryn C. Racine, Andrew P. Neilson
Summary: This study suggests that regular consumption of cocoa and coffee could be a nutritional strategy to reduce TMAO levels by inhibiting TMA production. Digestion is required to unlock the TMA inhibition potential of coffee and cocoa beverages, while teas do not possess strong inhibition potential either digested or undigested. Fractions rich in chlorogenic acid were found to be the most bioactive in inhibiting TMA production.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Micaela Hayes, Zulfiqar Mohamedshah, Sydney Chadwick-Corbin, Roberta Hoskin, Massimo Iorizzo, Mary Ann Lila, Andrew P. Neilson, Mario G. Ferruzzi
Summary: Insights into the impact of food matrix factors on the bioavailability of bioactive carotenoids and chlorophylls from fruits and vegetables are crucial. In vitro models were used to assess the stability, bioaccessibility, and intestinal absorption of carotenoids and chlorophylls in different forms of spinach. The results showed that spinach forms created by various drying technologies deliver similar levels of bioaccessible bioactives, and the lower gastrointestinal tract may play a significant role in the absorption of these compounds.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zulfiqar Mohamedshah, Micaela Hayes, Sydney Chadwick-Corbin, Andrew P. Neilson, Mario G. Ferruzzi
Summary: The study compared the bioavailability and metabolism of phenolics between grapes and grape juice. It found that phenolics in grape juice were more easily absorbed compared to whole grapes. However, overall, the absorbable phenolics from 100% grape juice were similar to those from whole grapes, suggesting that consuming whole fruit and juice may have similar health benefits.