Article
Microbiology
Huan Liu, Jihao Xu, Chiuwing Yeung, Qikui Chen, Jieyao Li
Summary: This study found that supplementation of 10% or 20% hemicellulose improved glycemic control, gut barrier integrity, and reduced systemic inflammation in db/db mice with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Additionally, hemicellulose supplementation had significant effects on the gut microbiota and metabolome composition. Therefore, hemicellulose may serve as a potential therapeutic intervention for T2DM.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Syed Monzur Morshed, Tsung-Han Lee
Summary: The environment has a significant impact on fish as it affects the microbiome and mucosal immunity, which are crucial for their overall health. However, there is a lack of research on the interaction between the microbiome and mucosal immunity under different environmental conditions. This review summarizes the existing literature on the effects of environmental changes, such as temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH, and photoperiod, on the fish microbiome and mucosal immunity. Understanding the mucosal immunity-microbiome interaction can also enhance aquaculture practices during environmental stress.
FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Xiaowei Gai, Huawei Wang, Yaqing Li, Haotian Zhao, Cong He, Zihui Wang, Heling Zhao
Summary: The study found that fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) can reduce morbidity and mortality in septic mice, restore the abundance and diversity of the gut flora, improve intestinal barrier function, and reduce inflammation. Lachnospiraceae was identified as contributing the most to intestinal protection through enhancement of the L-lysine fermentation pathway. FMT offers a microbe-mediated survival advantage in a murine model of sepsis, suggesting new therapeutic strategies for patients with sepsis.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Zhiyuan Meng, Shiran Huang, Wei Sun, Sen Yan, Xiaojun Chen, Jinling Diao, Zhiqiang Zhou, Wentao Zhu
Summary: This study systematically investigated the adverse effects of PTC and PTCd on liver function in mice from the perspective of gut microbiota, revealing that exposure to these compounds can cause liver damage by changing gut microbiota, disrupting intestinal barrier function, and promoting bacterial translocation. Additionally, exposure to PTC and PTCd also affects lipid metabolism in the liver tissue and gene expression related to inflammation and barrier function in colon tissue, leading to liver and intestinal dysfunction in mice. The findings highlight the key role of gut microbiota in liver damage induced by pesticides, offering new insights into the mechanisms of liver toxicity through the gut-liver axis.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Li-guo Ding, Guang-kun Han, Xin-you Wang, Ru-han Sun, Yong-yao Yu, Zhen Xu
Summary: This study investigated the composition of the teleost gallbladder microbiota and its potential role in mucosal immunity. The results showed that the gallbladder microbiome was similar to the gut microbiota. Infection induced inflammation and disrupted microbial homeostasis in the gallbladder. Beneficial bacteria from the Lactobacillales order increased in abundance in the bile microbial community, while the structure of the Mycoplasmatales order in the gut microbial community changed significantly.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Juan Huang, Jinli Huang, Yao Li, Yilu Wang, Fahe Wang, Xia Qiu, Xvliang Liu, Huajun Li
Summary: This study investigated the protective effects of sodium alginate on gut microbiota, immunity, and intestinal mucosal barrier function in immunosuppressed mice. The results showed that SA alleviated spleen tissue damage, restored impaired immune functions, reversed intestinal mucosal injury, and modulated gut microbiota by increasing beneficial bacteria and decreasing pathogenic bacteria in the intestine. The study suggests that SA has the potential to enhance immunity and protect against intestinal mucosal injury.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Min Guo, Dehai Xing, Jin Wang, Ying Zhang, Zhuoyu Li, Xiangying Jiao
Summary: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a growing burden globally, especially in developing countries. This study investigated the effect of N. commune polysaccharides on acute colitis in mice induced by DSS and its role in mediating the gut microbiota. The results showed that N. commune polysaccharides enhanced the intestinal mucosal barrier and exhibited prebiotic-like functions, suggesting its potential as an alternative or complementary treatment for UC.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jiqing Yang, Pu Xiong, Ling Bai, Zunyue Zhang, Yong Zhou, Cheng Chen, Zhenrong Xie, Yu Xu, Minghui Chen, Huawei Wang, Mei Zhu, Juehua Yu, Kunhua Wang
Summary: Heroin dependence significantly alters gut microbiota diversity and composition, leading to impaired intestinal mucosal barrier integrity and decreased body weight in mice.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Wenjuan Xun, Mengyao Ji, Zhonghua Ma, Tanjie Deng, Wen Yang, Guanyu Hou, Liguang Shi, Ting Cao
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary emodin (ED) on the intestinal mucosal barrier, NF-kB pathways, and gut microbial flora in LPS-induced piglets. The results showed that ED supplementation improved the intestinal mucosal barrier, reduced inflammation, and enhanced antioxidant capacity, as well as modulated the gut microbial composition. These findings suggest that ED can alleviate LPS-induced intestinal mucosal barrier injury by modulating gut microbiota.
Article
Microbiology
Jian-min Zhou, Hai-jun Zhang, Shu-geng Wu, Kai Qiu, Yu Fu, Guang-hai Qi, Jing Wang
Summary: The study demonstrated that XOS could alleviate intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction and microbiota dysbiosis induced by oxidized fish oil in laying hens, leading to improved production performance and gut health.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Zi-Shan Hong, Jing Xie, Xue-Feng Wang, Jing-Jing Dai, Jia-Ying Mao, Yu-Ying Bai, Jun Sheng, Yang Tian
Summary: MOP derived from Moringa oleifera seeds can alleviate colitis by inhibiting JAK-STAT pathway activation, regulating gut microbiota and its metabolites.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Bowei Zhang, Yingchuan Xu, Huan Lv, Wenwen Pang, Jin Wang, Hui Ma, Shuo Wang
Summary: This study investigated the intestinal pharmacokinetics of resveratrol in mice using HPLC-MS/MS and found that resveratrol and its metabolites were present in significant amounts in the entire intestinal tract and feces, with a peak concentration at 4 hours post-administration. The study also demonstrated the promotion of Lactobacillus reuteri growth by resveratrol-3-O-sulfate during in vitro fermentation and the up-regulation of tight junction and mucin-related proteins mRNA expressions by resveratrol-3-O-sulfate during incubation with Caco-2 cells.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tongtong Liu, Haitao Yu, Zeming Zhang, Yunfei Xie, Long Yang, Fuping You
Summary: Intestinal ELF4 plays a critical role in maintaining gut barrier and homeostasis, and is beneficial in alleviating alcohol-induced hepatic steatosis and injury.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hui Gao, Rui-Juan Song, Hui Jiang, Weiguo Zhang, Shu-Fen Han
Summary: This study demonstrated that oat fiber effectively attenuated the development of atherosclerosis by influencing gut microbiota-derived metabolites, inhibiting the intestinal inflammatory response, and maintaining the integrity of the intestinal mucosal barrier.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Pawel Liskiewicz, Mariusz Kaczmarczyk, Blazej Misiak, Michal Wronski, Agata Baba-Kubis, Karolina Skonieczna-Zydecka, Wojciech Marlicz, Przemyslaw Bienkowski, Agata Misera, Justyna Pelka-Wysiecka, Jolanta Kucharska-Mazur, Anna Konopka, Igor Loniewski, Jerzy Samochowiec
Summary: The study found a significant correlation between gut microbiota and the severity of depressive symptoms, but they do not serve as predictors of symptomatic improvement during antidepressant treatment. Intestinal integrity and inflammation markers were associated with the response to treatment and symptom severity in patients with MDD. Additional studies are needed to confirm and expand on these findings.
PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Mingxu Xie, Yadong Xie, Yu Li, Wei Zhou, Zhen Zhang, Yalin Yang, Rolf Erik Olsen, Chao Ran, Zhigang Zhou
Summary: The study suggests that low-level uPP addition can enhance fish meal replacement, while 5% uPP in the diet has negative effects on gut and liver health of common carp and disrupts intestinal microbiota.
AQUACULTURE REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Qianwen Ding, Zhen Zhang, Yu Li, Hongliang Liu, Qiang Hao, Yalin Yang, Einar Ringo, Rolf Erik Olsen, Jihong Liu Clarke, Chao Ran, Zhigang Zhou
Summary: Propionate induces intestinal damage in zebrafish fed a high-fat diet, associated with oxidative stress and Sod2 propionylation. Sirt3 plays a crucial role in regulating Sod2 activity by modulating de-propionylation, leading to intestinal oxidative stress and changes in gut microbiota composition. This study highlights the potential mechanism of intestinal problems related to high propionate levels in zebrafish.
Article
Fisheries
Signe Dille Lovmo, Paul Whatmore, Henrik Sundh, Trygve Sigholt, Angelico Madaro, Tora Bardal, Rolf Erik Olsen
Summary: This study investigates the dietary needs and benefits of highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) for Atlantic salmon, finding that a low HUFA diet can sustain growth and intestinal health under controlled conditions but is impaired after chronic stress. Increasing levels of EPA and DHA can strengthen the intestinal barrier response to chronic stress.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Jerome Schmeisser, Viviane Verlhac-Trichet, Angelico Madaro, Santosh P. Lall, Ole Torrissen, Rolf Erik Olsen
Summary: The transcriptomic analysis revealed that pyloric caeca in post-smolt Atlantic salmon is more sensitive to dietary astaxanthin supplementation compared to hepatic and muscular tissues. Key genes sensitive to astaxanthin supplementation were identified in pylorus, liver, and muscle. The modulation of genes in pylorus was related to absorption and metabolism of astaxanthin, while liver showed a potential link to the ferroptosis process. Dietary astaxanthin had a lesser impact on muscle except for genes related to actin remodelling and glucose homeostasis.
MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Mingxu Xie, Wei Zhou, Yadong Xie, Yu Li, Zhen Zhang, Yalin Yang, Rolf Erik Olsen, Chao Ran, Zhigang Zhou
Summary: The study showed that replacing fish meal with plant proteins may have negative effects on the gut and liver health of fish, while the fermentation product of C. somerae XMX-1 can improve the gut and liver health of fish and reduce liver fat deposition.
Article
Fisheries
R. Magalhaes, N. Martins, F. Fontinha, S. Moutinho, R. E. Olsen, H. Peres, A. Oliva-Teles
Summary: The study found limited interactions between arachidonic acid (ARA) or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and dietary digestible carbohydrates, while the starch content in the diet had a certain impact on the growth performance and feed utilization of gilthead sea bream.
Article
Fisheries
Mingxu Xie, Yadong Xie, Yu Li, Wei Zhou, Zhen Zhang, Yalin Yang, Rolf Erik Olsen, Einar Ringo, Chao Ran, Zhigang Zhou
Summary: Probiotics are widely used in aquafeeds to improve fish health and resistance to pathogens. This study examined the effects of a stabilized fermentation product of Cetobacterium somerae on zebrafish gut, liver health, and antiviral immunity. Results showed that the dietary supplement improved liver and gut health while enhancing antiviral immunity in zebrafish.
FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Qianwen Ding, Qiang Hao, Qingshuang Zhang, Yalin Yang, Rolf Erik Olsen, Einar Ringo, Chao Ran, Zhen Zhang, Zhigang Zhou
Summary: This study investigated the effects of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on fatty liver in zebrafish. The results showed that supplementation of DHA reduced hepatic lipid synthesis and promoted lipid beta-oxidation through Cyclin D1 inhibition. Furthermore, DHA facilitated lipid beta-oxidation through gut microbiota. These findings reveal the lipid-lowering effects of DHA and emphasize the importance of fatty acid composition in formulating high-fat diets for fish.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
C. Klykken, A. K. Reed, A. S. Dalum, R. E. Olsen, M. K. Moe, K. J. K. Attramadal, L. Boissonnot
Summary: There is a growing concern for fish health and welfare in the salmon industry in Norway. The study found that nephrocalcinosis, characterized by mineral deposits in the kidneys, is common and varies in severity among Atlantic salmon. Most fish had mild forms of nephrocalcinosis with minimal tissue damage, while severely affected fish showed almost complete loss of kidney structure. Mineral deposits mainly consisted of amorphous carbonate apatite, and fish with nephrocalcinosis also exhibited imbalances in plasma chemistry, indicating disturbed osmoregulation and increased stress levels.
Article
Fisheries
Thomas W. K. Fraser, Tom J. Hansen, Sofie C. Remo, Rolf Erik Olsen, Per Gunnar Fjelldal
Summary: Interspecific hybridisation can improve the performance of sterile triploid salmonids, but it also leads to welfare issues, with only fillet coloration being improved.
Article
Fisheries
R. Magalhaes, N. Martins, F. Fontinha, A. Couto, C. R. Serra, R. A. Santos, E. Olsen, H. Peres, A. Oliva-Teles
Summary: The present study investigates the effects of different diet compositions on the oxidative status, histomorphology of liver and intestine, and intestinal microbiota modulation in gilthead sea bream juveniles. The results show that ARA-rich diets reduce liver and intestine lipid peroxidation, while DHA-rich diets increase the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the liver. Additionally, dietary starch improves the oxidative stress index in the liver and has positive effects on glutathione and lipid peroxidation in the intestine. Fish fed high starch diets also experience hepatocyte hypertrophy and alterations in nuclei position. Compared to DHA diets, ARA diets result in reduced diversity of intestinal microbiota. In conclusion, high dietary ARA provides protection to the liver and intestine of gilthead sea bream juveniles, and the balanced ratio of ARA/DHA in the diet has important effects on antioxidant status and intestinal microbiota diversity.
Article
Fisheries
Mingxu Xie, Qiang Hao, Rolf Erik Olsen, Einar Ringo, Yalin Yang, Zhen Zhang, Chao Ran, Zhigang Zhou
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of a stabilized fermentation product of Cetobacterium somerae (XMX-1) on the growth performance, gut, and liver health of common carp. The results showed that the addition of XMX-1 reduced serum lipopolysaccharide and diamine oxidase activity, increased intestinal total superoxide dismutase activity, and regulated the expression of certain genes. Furthermore, XMX-1 supplementation decreased serum alanine aminotransferase and liver triacylglycerol levels, and influenced the expression of genes related to liver lipid metabolism. L-XMX-1 at a level of 3 g/kg had the best effect on fish health.
AQUACULTURE REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Signe Dille Lovmo, Henrik Sundh, Paul Whatmore, Malene Fosse Nordvi, Trygve Sigholt, Angelico Madaro, Tora Bardal, Rolf Erik Olsen
Summary: The study found that feeding Atlantic salmon a high EPA diet improved intestinal health, while low HUFA fed fish had lower energy utilization. Chronic stress led to intestinal barrier damage and inflammation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Peng Yin, Bjorn Thrandur Bjornsson, Per Gunnar Fjelldal, Takaya Saito, Sofie Charlotte Remo, Rolf Brudvik Edvardsen, Tom Hansen, Sandeep Sharma, Rolf Erik Olsen, Kristin Hamre
Summary: Accumulating evidence suggests a close relationship between oxidative stress and growth rate in fish, but the underlying mechanisms are not clear. This study investigated the combined effect of dietary antioxidants and growth hormone (GH) on the redox status of liver and muscle in Atlantic salmon. The results show that GH implantation decreases vitamin C and E levels, increases oxidative stress in the liver, and affects the expression of genes and pathways related to antioxidant enzymes and redox balance. Dietary antioxidants do lower oxidative stress but have no effect on the growth rate.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Eirik Svendsen, Finn Okland, Martin Fore, Lise L. Randeberg, Bengt Finstad, Rolf E. Olsen, Jo A. Alfredsen
Summary: This study successfully adapted a PPG/ECG module to measure both ECG and PPG in-vivo for anesthetized Atlantic salmon. Using ECG as a baseline, PPG analysis results demonstrate that HR can be accurately estimated from PPG. Thus, PPG has the potential to become an alternative to ECG HR measurements in fish.
ANIMAL BIOTELEMETRY
(2021)
