Molecular and genetic basis of azole antifungal resistance in the opportunistic pathogenic fungus Candida albicans

Candida lusitaniae in Kuwait: Prevalence, antifungal susceptibility and role in neonatal fungemia

(2019) Ziauddin Khan et al.   PLoS One

In vitro activities of the novel investigational tetrazoles VT-1161 and VT-1598 compared to the triazole antifungals against azole-resistant strains and clinical isolates of Candida albicans

(2019) Andrew T. Nishimoto et al.   ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY

The Evolution of Azole Resistance in Candida albicans Sterol 14α-Demethylase (CYP51) through Incremental Amino Acid Substitutions

(2019) Andrew G. Warrilow et al.   ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY

The contribution of clinically-derived mutations in the gene encoding the zinc cluster transcription factor Mrr2 to fluconazole antifungal resistance and CDR1 expression in Candida albicans

(2019) Andrew T. Nishimoto et al.   ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY

Morbidity and mortality of candidaemia in Europe: an epidemiologic meta-analysis

(2019) P. Koehler et al.   CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION

The Rim Pathway Mediates Antifungal Tolerance in Candida albicans through Newly Identified Rim101 Transcriptional Targets, Including Hsp90 and Ipt1

(2018) Cécile Garnaud et al.   ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY

Changes in the epidemiological landscape of invasive candidiasis

(2018) Frederic Lamoth et al.   JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY

Loss of Upc2p-Inducible ERG3 Transcription Is Sufficient To Confer Niche-Specific Azole Resistance without Compromising Candida albicans Pathogenicity

(2018) Arturo Luna-Tapia et al.   mBio

Antifungal tolerance is a subpopulation effect distinct from resistance and is associated with persistent candidemia

(2018) Alexander Rosenberg et al.   Nature Communications

Invasive candidiasis

(2018) Peter G. Pappas et al.   Nature Reviews Disease Primers

Crystal structures of full-length lanosterol 14α-demethylases of prominent fungal pathogens Candida albicans and Candida glabrata provide tools for antifungal discovery

(2018) Mikhail V. Keniya et al.   ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY

In Vivo Efficacy of VT-1129 against Experimental Cryptococcal Meningitis with the Use of a Loading Dose-Maintenance Dose Administration Strategy

(2018) Nathan P. Wiederhold et al.   ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY

Estimation of direct healthcare costs of fungal diseases in the United States

(2018) Kaitlin Benedict et al.   CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Loss of C-5 Sterol Desaturase Activity in Candida albicans: Azole Resistance or Merely Trailing Growth?

(2018) Arturo Luna-Tapia et al.   ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY

The Fungal Cyp51 Specific Inhibitor VT-1598 Demonstrates In vitro and In vivo Activity against Candida auris

(2018) Nathan P. Wiederhold et al.   ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY

Candida albicans gains azole resistance by altering sphingolipid composition

(2018) Jiaxin Gao et al.   Nature Communications

Changing epidemiology of candidaemia in Australia

(2017) Belinda Chapman et al.   JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY

Structural analyses ofCandida albicanssterol 14α-demethylase complexed with azole drugs address the molecular basis of azole-mediated inhibition of fungal sterol biosynthesis

(2017) Tatiana Y. Hargrove et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

Multidrug-Resistant Candida: Epidemiology, Molecular Mechanisms, and Treatment

(2017) Maiken Cavling Arendrup et al.   JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES

A chromosome 4 trisomy contributes to increased fluconazole resistance in a clinical isolate of Candida albicans

(2017) Matthew Z. Anderson et al.   MICROBIOLOGY-SGM

Candida auris: A rapidly emerging cause of hospital-acquired multidrug-resistant fungal infections globally

(2017) Anuradha Chowdhary et al.   PLoS Pathogens

TheRTA3Gene, Encoding a Putative Lipid Translocase, Influences the Susceptibility of Candida albicans to Fluconazole

(2016) Sarah G. Whaley et al.   ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY

The Investigational Fungal Cyp51 Inhibitor VT-1129 Demonstrates PotentIn VitroActivity against Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii

(2016) Shawn R. Lockhart et al.   ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY

Executive Summary: Clinical Practice Guideline for the Management of Candidiasis: 2016 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America

(2016) Peter G. Pappas et al.   CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Antifungal susceptibility patterns of a global collection of fungal isolates: results of the SENTRY Antifungal Surveillance Program (2013)

(2016) Mariana Castanheira et al.   DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE

Isavuconazole: A Review in Invasive Aspergillosis and Mucormycosis

(2016) Matt Shirley et al.   DRUGS

Epidemiology and reporting of candidaemia in Belgium: a multi-centre study

(2016) C. Trouvé et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Multidrug-resistant Candida auris : ‘new kid on the block’ in hospital-associated infections?

(2016) A. Chowdhary et al.   JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL INFECTION

Distinguishing between resistance, tolerance and persistence to antibiotic treatment

(2016) Asher Brauner et al.   NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY

Candida albicansBiofilms and Human Disease

(2015) Clarissa J. Nobile et al.   Annual Review of Microbiology

Evaluation of VT-1161 for Treatment of Coccidioidomycosis in Murine Infection Models

(2015) Lisa F. Shubitz et al.   ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY

Activity of Isavuconazole and Other Azoles against Candida Clinical Isolates and Yeast Model Systems with Known Azole Resistance Mechanisms

(2015) Dominique Sanglard et al.   ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY

Efficacy of the Clinical Agent VT-1161 against Fluconazole-Sensitive and -Resistant Candida albicans in a Murine Model of Vaginal Candidiasis

(2015) E. P. Garvey et al.   ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY

Azole Drug Import into the Pathogenic Fungus Aspergillus fumigatus

(2015) Brooke D. Esquivel et al.   ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY

Incidence and species distribution of candidaemia in Asia: a laboratory-based surveillance study

(2015) B.H. Tan et al.   CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION

Twenty-two years of candidaemia surveillance: results from a Norwegian national study

(2015) L. Hesstvedt et al.   CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION

Vulvovaginal candidiasis: Epidemiology, microbiology and risk factors

(2015) Bruna Gonçalves et al.   CRITICAL REVIEWS IN MICROBIOLOGY

Isavuconazole, micafungin, and 8 comparator antifungal agents' susceptibility profiles for common and uncommon opportunistic fungi collected in 2013: temporal analysis of antifungal drug resistance using CLSI species-specific clinical breakpoints and proposed epidemiological cutoff values

(2015) M.A. Pfaller et al.   DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE

Defining the frontiers between antifungal resistance, tolerance and the concept of persistence

(2015) Eric Delarze et al.   DRUG RESISTANCE UPDATES

The ABCs of Candida albicans Multidrug Transporter Cdr1

(2015) Rajendra Prasad et al.   EUKARYOTIC CELL

Parasexual Ploidy Reduction Drives Population Heterogeneity Through Random and Transient Aneuploidy in Candida albicans

(2015) Meleah A. Hickman et al.   GENETICS

Fluconazole susceptibility of 3,056 clinical isolates of Candida species from 2005 to 2009 in a tertiary-care hospital

(2015) XT Huang et al.   Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology

Trisomy of chromosome R confers resistance to triazoles in Candida albicans

(2015) Xingxing Li et al.   MEDICAL MYCOLOGY

Isavuconazole: Pharmacology, Pharmacodynamics, and Current Clinical Experience with a New Triazole Antifungal Agent

(2015) Jeffrey M. Rybak et al.   PHARMACOTHERAPY

The evolution of drug resistance in clinical isolates of Candida albicans

(2015) Christopher B Ford et al.   eLife

Parasexual Ploidy Reduction Drives Population Heterogeneity Through Random and Transient Aneuploidy in Candida albicans

(2015) Meleah A. Hickman et al.   GENETICS

Induction of Candida albicans Drug Resistance Genes by Hybrid Zinc Cluster Transcription Factors

(2014) Sabrina Schneider et al.   ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY

Contribution of Clinically Derived Mutations inERG11to Azole Resistance in Candida albicans

(2014) Stephanie A. Flowers et al.   ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY

Multilaboratory Study of Epidemiological Cutoff Values for Detection of Resistance in Eight Candida Species to Fluconazole, Posaconazole, and Voriconazole

(2014) A. Espinel-Ingroff et al.   ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY

UPC2 Is Universally Essential for Azole Antifungal Resistance in Candida albicans

(2014) Erin M. Vasicek et al.   EUKARYOTIC CELL

Incidence, characteristics and outcome of ICU-acquired candidemia in India

(2014) Arunaloke Chakrabarti et al.   INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE

Is the S405F mutation in Candida albicans ERG11 gene sufficient to confer resistance to fluconazole?

(2014) V. Oliveira-Carvalho et al.   JOURNAL DE MYCOLOGIE MEDICALE

Regional data analysis ofCandidanon-albicansstrains collected in United States medical sites over a 6-year period, 2006-2011

(2014) Michael A. Pfaller et al.   MYCOSES

Optimization of lag time underlies antibiotic tolerance in evolved bacterial populations

(2014) Ofer Fridman et al.   NATURE

Molecular Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in Clinical Candida Species Isolated from Tunisian Hospitals

(2013) Jamel Eddouzi et al.   ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY

Epidemiology and predictive factors for early and late mortality in Candida bloodstream infections: a population-based surveillance in Spain

(2013) M. Puig-Asensio et al.   CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION

Reduced susceptibility of Candida albicans clinical isolates to azoles and detection of mutations in the ERG11 gene

(2013) Lei Zhang et al.   DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE

Distinct Roles of Candida albicans Drug Resistance Transcription Factors TAC1 , MRR1 , and UPC2 in Virulence

(2013) Andrea Lohberger et al.   EUKARYOTIC CELL

Erg11mutations associated with azole resistance in clinical isolates ofCandida albicans

(2013) Ming-Jie Xiang et al.   FEMS YEAST RESEARCH

Deciphering azole resistance mechanisms with a focus on transcription factor-encoding genes TAC1, MRR1 and UPC2 in a set of fluconazole-resistant clinical isolates of Candida albicans

(2013) Florent Morio et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS

In Vitro Fluconazole Susceptibility of 1,903 Clinical Isolates of Candida albicans and the Identification of ERG11 Mutations

(2013) Ying Ying et al.   Microbial Drug Resistance

Analysis of a fungus-specific transcription factor family, theCandida albicanszinc cluster proteins, by artificial activation

(2013) Rebecca Schillig et al.   MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY

Topographic diversity of fungal and bacterial communities in human skin

(2013) Keisha Findley et al.   NATURE

Archaea and Fungi of the Human Gut Microbiome: Correlations with Diet and Bacterial Residents

(2013) Christian Hoffmann et al.   PLoS One

The new mutation L321F in Candida albicans ERG11 gene may be associated with fluconazole resistance

(2013) Vagner Oliveira Carvalho et al.   REVISTA IBEROAMERICANA DE MICOLOGIA

Colonization by Candida Species of the Oral and Vaginal Mucosa in HIV-Infected and Noninfected Women

(2012) Daniel Merenstein et al.   AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES

Azole Resistance by Loss of Function of the Sterol Δ5,6-Desaturase Gene (ERG3) in Candida albicans Does Not Necessarily Decrease Virulence

(2012) L. A. Vale-Silva et al.   ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY

A Recently Evolved Transcriptional Network Controls Biofilm Development in Candida albicans

(2012) Clarissa J. Nobile et al.   CELL

Changes in Incidence and Antifungal Drug Resistance in Candidemia: Results From Population-Based Laboratory Surveillance in Atlanta and Baltimore, 2008-2011

(2012) A. A. Cleveland et al.   CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES

The changing epidemiology of healthcare-associated candidemia over three decades

(2012) Daniel Diekema et al.   DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE

Gain-of-Function Mutations in UPC2 Are a Frequent Cause of ERG11 Upregulation in Azole-Resistant Clinical Isolates of Candida albicans

(2012) Stephanie A. Flowers et al.   EUKARYOTIC CELL

Amino acid substitutions in the Candida albicans sterol  5,6-desaturase (Erg3p) confer azole resistance: characterization of two novel mutants with impaired virulence

(2012) F. Morio et al.   JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY

Wild-Type MIC Distributions and Epidemiological Cutoff Values for Amphotericin B, Flucytosine, and Itraconazole and Candida spp. as Determined by CLSI Broth Microdilution

(2012) M. A. Pfaller et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY

Species Identification and Antifungal Susceptibility Testing of Candida Bloodstream Isolates from Population-Based Surveillance Studies in Two U.S. Cities from 2008 to 2011

(2012) S. R. Lockhart et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY

Invasive candidiasis in Pakistan: clinical characteristics, species distribution and antifungal susceptibility

(2012) J. Q. Farooqi et al.   JOURNAL OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY

Association of T916C (Y257H) mutation inCandida albicans ERG11with fluconazole resistance

(2012) Jie Zhao et al.   MYCOSES

A Candida Biofilm-Induced Pathway for Matrix Glucan Delivery: Implications for Drug Resistance

(2012) Heather T. Taff et al.   PLoS Pathogens

Prospective Multicenter Study of the Epidemiology, Molecular Identification, and Antifungal Susceptibility of Candida parapsilosis, Candida orthopsilosis, and Candida metapsilosis Isolated from Patients with Candidemia

(2011) Emilia Cantón et al.   ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY

Regulation of Efflux Pump Expression and Drug Resistance by the Transcription Factors Mrr1, Upc2, and Cap1 in Candida albicans

(2011) Sabrina Schubert et al.   ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY

Clinical breakpoints for voriconazole and Candida spp. revisited: review of microbiologic, molecular, pharmacodynamic, and clinical data as they pertain to the development of species-specific interpretive criteria

(2011) Michael A. Pfaller et al.   DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE

Functional Dissection of a Candida albicans Zinc Cluster Transcription Factor, the Multidrug Resistance Regulator Mrr1

(2011) Sabrina Schubert et al.   EUKARYOTIC CELL

Triazole and Echinocandin MIC Distributions with Epidemiological Cutoff Values for Differentiation of Wild-Type Strains from Non-Wild-Type Strains of Six Uncommon Species ofCandida

(2011) Michael A. Pfaller et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY

The Transcription Factor Ndt80 Does Not Contribute to Mrr1-, Tac1-, and Upc2-Mediated Fluconazole Resistance in Candida albicans

(2011) Christoph Sasse et al.   PLoS One

A Clinical Isolate of Candida albicans with Mutations in ERG11 (Encoding Sterol 14 -Demethylase) and ERG5 (Encoding C22 Desaturase) Is Cross Resistant to Azoles and Amphotericin B

(2010) C. M. Martel et al.   ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY

An A643V Amino Acid Substitution in Upc2p Contributes to Azole Resistance in Well-Characterized Clinical Isolates ofCandida albicans

(2010) Samantha J. Hoot et al.   ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY

Identification and Characterization of Four Azole-Resistant erg3 Mutants of Candida albicans

(2010) C. M. Martel et al.   ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY

CandidaBloodstream Infections: Comparison of Species Distributions and Antifungal Resistance Patterns in Community-Onset and Nosocomial Isolates in the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program, 2008-2009

(2010) Michael A. Pfaller et al.   ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY

Candida bloodstream infections in intensive care units: Analysis of the extended prevalence of infection in intensive care unit study*

(2010) Daniel H. Kett et al.   CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE

Screening for amino acid substitutions in the Candida albicans Erg11 protein of azole-susceptible and azole-resistant clinical isolates: new substitutions and a review of the literature

(2010) Florent Morio et al.   DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE

Evaluation of the V404I and V509M amino acid substitutions of ERG11 gene in Candida albicans isolates by pyrosequencing

(2010) T. -H. Kim et al.   FOLIA MICROBIOLOGICA

Persistent Candida albicans colonization and molecular mechanisms of azole resistance in autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED) patients

(2010) E. Siikala et al.   JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY

Antifungal Susceptibility Testing of Candida Isolates from the Candida Surveillance Study

(2010) G. M. Lyon et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY

Results from the ARTEMIS DISK Global Antifungal Surveillance Study, 1997 to 2007: a 10.5-Year Analysis of Susceptibilities of Candida Species to Fluconazole and Voriconazole as Determined by CLSI Standardized Disk Diffusion

(2010) M. A. Pfaller et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY

National Surveillance of Fungemia in Denmark (2004 to 2009)

(2010) M. C. Arendrup et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY

Genetic Basis ofCandidaBiofilm Resistance Due to Drug‐Sequestering Matrix Glucan

(2010) Jeniel E. Nett et al.   JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Characterization of the Oral Fungal Microbiome (Mycobiome) in Healthy Individuals

(2010) Mahmoud A. Ghannoum et al.   PLoS Pathogens

Azole Drugs Are Imported By Facilitated Diffusion in Candida albicans and Other Pathogenic Fungi

(2010) Bryce E. Mansfield et al.   PLoS Pathogens

PKC Signaling Regulates Drug Resistance of the Fungal Pathogen Candida albicans via Circuitry Comprised of Mkc1, Calcineurin, and Hsp90

(2010) Shantelle L. LaFayette et al.   PLoS Pathogens

An A643T Mutation in the Transcription Factor Upc2p Causes Constitutive ERG11 Upregulation and Increased Fluconazole Resistance in Candida albicans

(2009) C. J. Heilmann et al.   ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY

Relative Contributions of the Candida albicans ABC Transporters Cdr1p and Cdr2p to Clinical Azole Resistance

(2009) S. Tsao et al.   ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY

Rapid detection of ERG11 gene mutations in clinical Candida albicans isolates with reduced susceptibility to fluconazole by rolling circle amplification and DNA sequencing

(2009) Huiping Wang et al.   BMC MICROBIOLOGY

Candidemia in patients with hematologic malignancies in the era of new antifungal agents (2001-2007)

(2009) Nikolaos V. Sipsas et al.   CANCER

Functional Analysis ofcis- andtrans-Acting Elements of theCandida albicans CDR2Promoter with a Novel Promoter Reporter System

(2009) Alix T. Coste et al.   EUKARYOTIC CELL

Time Course Global Gene Expression Analysis of an In VivoCandidaBiofilm

(2009) Jeniel E. Nett et al.   JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES

PAP1 [poly(A) polymerase 1] homozygosity and hyperadenylation are major determinants of increased mRNA stability of CDR1 in azole-resistant clinical isolates of Candida albicans

(2009) R. Manoharlal et al.   MICROBIOLOGY-SGM

Hsp90 Orchestrates Stress Response Signaling Governing Fungal Drug Resistance

(2009) Leah E. Cowen   PLoS Pathogens

Hsp90 Governs Echinocandin Resistance in the Pathogenic Yeast Candida albicans via Calcineurin

(2009) Sheena D. Singh et al.   PLoS Pathogens

Transcriptional Activation and Increased mRNA Stability Contribute to Overexpression of CDR1 in Azole-Resistant Candida albicans

(2008) R. Manoharlal et al.   ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY

The changing epidemiology of invasive candidiasis

(2008) Ray Hachem et al.   CANCER

Genomewide Location Analysis ofCandida albicansUpc2p, a Regulator of Sterol Metabolism and Azole Drug Resistance

(2008) Sadri Znaidi et al.   EUKARYOTIC CELL

A Gain-of-Function Mutation in the Transcription Factor Upc2p Causes Upregulation of Ergosterol Biosynthesis Genes and Increased Fluconazole Resistance in a ClinicalCandida albicansIsolate

(2008) Nico Dunkel et al.   EUKARYOTIC CELL

Susceptibility of clinical isolates of Candida species to fluconazole and detection of Candida albicans ERG11 mutations

(2008) Y. Xu et al.   JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY

Mutations in the multi-drug resistance regulatorMRR1, followed by loss of heterozygosity, are the main cause ofMDR1overexpression in fluconazole-resistantCandida albicansstrains

(2008) Nico Dunkel et al.   MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY

The evolution of fungal drug resistance: modulating the trajectory from genotype to phenotype

(2008) Leah E. Cowen   NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY