Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Limy Wong, Lawrence P. McMahon
Summary: With increasing life expectancy, the disorders of bone loss, metabolic dysregulation, and sarcopenia have become major health threats to the elderly, especially in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The current understanding shows that bone and muscle are interrelated secretory organs, and regulation of both occurs through osteokines and myokines via various systems. This review discusses the biochemical crosstalk between bone and muscle, recent progress related to CKD, and potential therapeutic targets to improve musculoskeletal health in CKD patients.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Diogo V. Leal, Anibal Ferreira, Emma L. Watson, Kenneth R. Wilund, Joao L. Viana
Summary: Chronic kidney disease negatively affects bone and muscle tissues, compromising patients' quality of life and increasing morbidity and mortality rates. The anatomical and physiological connection between bone and muscle tissues suggests a coordinated regulation of functional and metabolic mechanisms. Regular exercise is proposed as a therapeutic strategy to improve bone and muscle health, with evidence of cross communication between these organs following physical activity.
CALCIFIED TISSUE INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Fabrizio Pin, Lynda F. Bonewald, Andrea Bonetto
Summary: Cancer-induced muscle wasting, or cachexia, is a common and debilitating feature in cancer patients, leading to musculoskeletal alterations. Communication between muscle and bone through cell factors is important in this process, with myokines and osteokines playing key roles in cancer-induced cachexia.
EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Laetitia Marcadet, Zineb Bouredji, Anteneh Argaw, Jerome Frenette
Summary: Although bones, skeletal and smooth muscles, as well as the heart have different functions, they share the same embryonic origin and common signaling pathways, such as the RANK/RANKL/OPG pathway. This pathway is not only essential for bone homeostasis but also implicated in various physiological processes including muscle function.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Orthopedics
Renwang Sheng, Mumin Cao, Mingyuan Song, Mingyue Wang, Yuanwei Zhang, Liu Shi, Tian Xie, Yingjuan Li, Jinyu Wang, Yunfeng Rui
Summary: This review summarizes the role of myokines and osteokines in the development and treatment of osteosarcopenia and fracture, suggesting their potential as intervention targets for osteosarcopenia-related fracture treatment.
JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC TRANSLATION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ngoc Nguyen Lunde, Nimo Mukhtar Mohamud Osoble, Andrea Dalmao Fernandez, Alfreda S. Antobreh, Abbas Jafari, Sachin Singh, Tuula A. Nyman, Arild C. Rustan, Rigmor Solberg, G. Hege Thoresen
Summary: The mechanical interaction between skeletal muscle and bone is complemented by biochemical crosstalk mediated by secreted factors. This study shows that conditioned medium from osteoblasts enhances glucose metabolism and decreases fatty acid metabolism in skeletal muscle cells, while conditioned medium from myotubes has similar effects on energy metabolism in bone marrow stromal cells. Proteomic analyses reveal common proteins in both conditioned media, suggesting a general pattern of communication between these tissues.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Francesca Bosco, Vincenzo Musolino, Micaela Gliozzi, Saverio Nucera, Cristina Carresi, Maria Caterina Zito, Federica Scarano, Miriam Scicchitano, Fabio Reale, Stefano Ruga, Jessica Maiuolo, Roberta Macri, Lorenza Guarnieri, Anna Rita Coppoletta, Rocco Mollace, Carolina Muscoli, Ernesto Palma, Vincenzo Mollace
Summary: This article discusses the interaction between muscle and bone, introducing the mechanical and biochemical aspects of muscle-bone interaction, as well as the common mechanisms and similar responses of different tissues to the same stimuli. Understanding muscle-bone interactions could help identify and develop new strategies for treating musculoskeletal diseases.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lucas Fornari Laurindo, Mariana Canevari de Maio, Sandra Maria Barbalho, Elen Landgraf Guiguer, Adriano Cressoni Araujo, Ricardo de Alvares Goulart, Uri Adrian Prync Flato, Edgar Baldi Junior, Claudia Rucco Penteado Detregiachi, Jesselina Francisco dos Santos Haber, Patricia C. Santos Bueno, Raul S. J. Girio, Rachel Gomes Eleuterio, Marcelo Dib Bechara
Summary: This study reviewed the role of organokines on the progression of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Changes in the secretion pattern of organokines were identified, which could aggravate RA, promote articular alterations, and predict disease activity. Additionally, organokines were implicated in higher radiographic damage, immune dysregulation, angiogenesis, and regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis, as well as immune cell chemotaxis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
David A. Hart, Ronald F. Zernicke, Nigel G. Shrive
Summary: Human evolution and the bipedal mobility of Homo sapiens in 1 g gravity cause ground reaction force (GRF) loading of lower extremities, influencing tissue integrity. Loading of musculoskeletal (MSK) tissues and cells can inhibit their responses to biological mediators, suggesting a possible interaction between acute conditioning and deconditioning of MSK cells and tissues with GRF loading and circadian rhythms. Further research is needed to understand the regulation and implications of these interactions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
A. Gaudio, R. Rapisarda, A. Xourafa, L. Zanoli, V. Manfre, A. Catalano, S. S. Signorelli, P. Castellino
Summary: This study compared serum irisin levels and bone turnover markers between footballers and sedentary individuals of the same age and gender. The results showed that footballers had significantly higher bone density, vitamin D levels, and irisin levels. This suggests that irisin may play a role in the relationship between bone health and physical activity.
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ming Yang, Shilu Luo, Jinfei Yang, Wei Chen, Liyu He, Di Liu, Li Zhao, Xi Wang
Summary: There is a lack of in-depth research on the beneficial role of exercise and its underlying molecular mechanisms in kidney disease, especially in diabetic nephropathy (DN). As an endocrine organ, muscle secretes myokines that may have potential in the treatment of DN.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Johannes Burtscher, Gregoire P. Millet, Nicolas Place, Bengt Kayser, Nadege Zanou
Summary: Regular exercise has pronounced health benefits, with enhanced mitochondrial functions in skeletal muscle playing a central role in exercise-induced adaptations. Along with muscle, regular exercise also benefits the brain and is crucial in protecting against neurodegenerative diseases. Mitochondria seem to be central players in the communication routes from muscle to the brain induced by exercise.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Gabriela S. de Castro, Joanna Correia-Lima, Estefania Simoes, Camila E. Orsso, Jingjie Xiao, Leonardo R. Gama, Silvio P. Gomes, Daniela Caetano Goncalves, Raquel G. F. Costa, Katrin Radloff, Ulrike Lenz, Anna E. Taranko, Fang Chia Bin, Fernanda B. Formiga, Louisie G. L. de Godoy, Rafael P. de Souza, Luis H. A. Nucci, Mario Feitoza, Claudio C. de Castro, Flavio Tokeshi, Paulo S. M. Alcantara, Jose P. Otoch, Alexandre F. Ramos, Alessandro Laviano, Dario Coletti, Vera C. Mazurak, Carla M. Prado, Marilia Seelaender
Summary: This study found that the content of myokines in skeletal muscle, plasma, and tumors is impacted by cachexia, with decreased FSTL-1 expression in skeletal muscle and increased levels of FABP3, IL-15, and irisin found in cachectic patients. Additionally, indices of lumbar adipose tissue and muscularity were lower in cachexia patients.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giulia Minniti, Leticia Maria Pescinini-Salzedas, Guilherme Almeida Dos Santos Minniti, Lucas Fornari Laurindo, Sandra Maria Barbalho, Renata Vargas Sinatora, Lance Alan Sloan, Rafael Santos De Argollo Haber, Adriano Cressoni Araujo, Karina Quesada, Jesselina F. Dos Santos Haber, Marcelo Dib Bechara, Katia Portero Sloan
Summary: This review explores the relationship between organokines, sarcopenia, diabetes, and other metabolic consequences, as well as the role of physical exercise. It suggests that myokines, adipokines, hepatokines, and osteokines have direct impacts on the pathophysiology of sarcopenia and its metabolic repercussions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Sandra Maria Barbalho, Giulia Minniti, Vitor Fernando Bordin Miola, Jesselina Francisco dos Santos Haber, Patricia Cincotto dos Santos Bueno, Luiza Santos de Argollo Haber, Raul S. J. Girio, Claudia Rucco Penteado Detregiachi, Camila Tiveron Dall'Antonia, Victoria Dogani Rodrigues, Claudia C. T. Nicolau, Virginia Maria Cavallari Strozze Catharin, Adriano Cressoni Araujo, Lucas Fornari Laurindo
Summary: This study systematically reviewed the role of organokines in COVID-19. It found that organokines are associated with endothelial dysfunction and multiple organ failure due to increased cytokines and SARS-CoV-2 viremia. Changes in organokine secretion can contribute to worsened infection, immune response alterations, and predict disease progression. These molecules have the potential to be used as adjuvant biomarkers for predicting illness severity and severe outcomes.