Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Joseph V. Geisberg, Zarmik Moqtaderi, Kevin Struhl
Summary: Alternative polyadenylation generates multiple 3' mRNA isoforms with different stability, structure, and function. This study investigates how environmental conditions affect isoform turnover and structure in yeast cells. It is found that isoform stability generally increases with slower cell growth, and individual isoforms have similar structures across different conditions. Most mRNA stabilizing and destabilizing elements function only in one growth condition, and condition-specific stability elements might contribute to adaptation to different growth environments.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Mei Wang, An-Min Liang, Zhen-Zhen Zhou, Ting-Lin Pang, Yu-Jie Fan, Yong-Zhen Xu
Summary: Small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs) are the core of the spliceosome, which catalyzes the removal of introns. Each snRNA in metazoan genomes has multiple copies with variant sequences, up to hundreds in mammals, and many of these copies/variants have shown function and are related to human diseases. However, the expressions and functions of all snRNA copies in one organism have remained unknown. U1 snRNA is crucial for early intron recognition and spliceosome assembly. The genome of Drosophila contains five U1 genes that generate three U1 variants. In this study, the authors found that U1:21D is highly and ubiquitously expressed in all tissues and developmental stages, while the other four copies show specific expressions in certain tissues and developmental stages. Deletions of each individual U1 gene resulted in various developmental defects, indicating that none of them are pseudogenes. The absence of a U1 gene also led to defects in transcription and 3'-end formation, with large-scale changes in gene expression and alternative polyadenylation, but fewer changes in alternative splicing. These findings provide further understanding of the physiological functions of all the U1 snRNA genes in one organism.
Article
Cell Biology
Ananthanarayanan Kumar, Conny W. H. Yu, Juan B. Rodriguez-Molina, Xiao-Han Li, Stefan M. V. Freund, Lori A. Passmore
Summary: The translation provided describes a detailed study of the essential subunit Fip1 in the CPF/CPSF multiprotein complex, revealing the importance of its dynamics in coordinating cleavage and polyadenylation processes at the 3' end.
GENES & DEVELOPMENT
(2021)
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Yoseop Yoon, Yongsheng Shi
Summary: In this article, two independent studies successfully reconstituted the processing of human pre-mRNA 3' ends using defined components in vitro. These studies are of great importance for understanding the nature and essential components of this biological process.
GENES & DEVELOPMENT
(2022)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Lindsey V. Soles, Yongsheng Shi
Summary: APA is a dynamic and highly regulated process that produces multiple mRNA isoforms; mis-regulation of APA has been linked to a variety of diseases. Recent studies have revealed important roles for epigenetic mechanisms in APA regulation.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Vytaute Boreikaite, Thomas S. Elliott, Jason W. Chin, Lori A. Passmore
Summary: In this study, the researchers reconstituted the 3' endonuclease activity of human CPSF and identified the protein factors required for this activity. They found that the activation and site-specific pre-mRNA cleavage by CPSF are tightly controlled. The results suggest that fidelity in mRNA processing is maintained through precise regulation of CPSF activity.
GENES & DEVELOPMENT
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Michael J. Holmes, Leah R. Padgett, Matheus S. Bastos, William J. Sullivan
Summary: Toxoplasma gondii utilizes m6A methylation to modify its mRNA transcripts, which is essential for parasite replication and proper mRNA 3'-end formation. The m6A epitranscriptome machinery identified in Toxoplasma may provide new targets for anti-parasitic drug therapies.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Juan B. Rodriguez-Molina, Francis J. O'Reilly, Holly Fagarasan, Eleanor Sheekey, Sarah Maslen, J. Mark Skehel, Juri Rappsilber, Lori A. Passmore
Summary: In this study, it was found that the Mpe1 subunit directly interacts with the polyadenylation signal sequence and promotes the activity of CPF, controlling polyadenylation. The Cft2 subunit of CPF antagonizes the stable configuration of Mpe1. The depletion or mutation of Mpe1 leads to widespread transcription termination defects and interference with neighboring genes.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Francesco S. Ielasi, Sara Ternifi, Emeline Fontaine, Domenico Iuso, Yohann Coute, Andres Palencia
Summary: Human pre-mRNA processing relies on multi-subunit macromolecular complexes to recognize specific RNA sequence elements. This study reveals how H2AC18 captures two human pre-mRNA processing complexes in a mutually exclusive mode by overlapping a canonical PAS sequence element with a HDE.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Salini Konikkat, Michelle R. Scribner, Rory Eutsey, N. Luisa Hiller, Vaughn S. Cooper, Joel McManus
Summary: The antibiotic azithromycin alters the gene expression and intragenic 3' end formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, contributing to impaired biofilm growth and quorum sensing while upregulating genes associated with persistence. This study provides insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the response of P. aeruginosa to antibiotics and potential new therapeutic strategies.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Minsoo Kim, John Swenson, Fionn McLoughlin, Elizabeth Vierling
Summary: Studies revealed that heat shock protein 101 (HSP101) is essential for thermotolerance in plants, bacteria, and yeast. Through a suppressor screen in Arabidopsis thaliana, a mutation in the CLEAVAGE STIMULATION FACTOR77 (CstF77) gene was identified as a suppressor of hot1-4, suggesting its critical role in mRNA 3' end maturation. The dominant role of HSP101 in severe heat stress outcome was also demonstrated.
Review
Psychology, Social
Philippa Carr
Summary: This paper discusses the negative impact of economic inequality on social issues and wellbeing, and its importance to social psychology, which has a historical interest in social justice. It explores the use of Social Identity Theory as an approach to understanding social issues in a wider context. Challenges in categorizing wealth and accounting for extreme wealth in experiments are encountered. Mainstream research agendas in psychology are influenced by current ideology, such as neoliberalism, which perpetuates inequality. These challenges are addressed by Critical Social Psychology, which challenges the acceptance of neoliberal values and promotes social justice. The application of Critical Social Psychology to wealth inequality is demonstrated through research using UK media data. Furthermore, Critical Feminist Psychology is discussed in relation to class and challenging the stigmatization of working-class people. The paper also outlines how Discursive Psychology questions the acceptance of wealth inequality as the norm and examines how the practices of the super-rich are justified. It explores how dominant discourses draw upon individualism and examines how problematic practices like tax avoidance, which maintain inequality, are managed in media broadcasts.
SOCIAL AND PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY COMPASS
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Aarthi Vijayakumar, Annsea Park, Joan A. Steitz
Summary: Eukaryotic mRNA 3'-end processing is a critical step in gene expression regulation, and disruption of this process by viral proteins can lead to host shutoff and impaired antiviral response. Viruses may utilize the effects of read-through transcripts to modulate host protein production and cellular machinery.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Huiyun Liu, Claire L. Moore
Summary: CPSF73 is a crucial endonuclease in mRNA maturation, playing a key role in mRNA stability, nuclear export, and translation. Research suggests CPSF73 shows promise as a drug target for specific cancers and protozoan parasites. Further investigation into the regulation of CPSF73 is critical for understanding its role in diseases such as cancer.
TRENDS IN BIOCHEMICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Economics
Philipp Ager, James J. Feigenbaum, Casper W. Hansen, Hui Ren Tan
Summary: Fears of immigrants as a threat to public health have a long and sordid history. The implementation of country-specific immigration quotas in the 1920s led to a decline in mortality rates, specifically deaths from infectious diseases, in cities with larger quota-induced reductions in immigration. This decline can be attributed to improved living conditions as quotas reduced residential crowding, particularly in cities where immigrants resided in more crowded conditions and where public health resources were stretched thinnest.
REVIEW OF ECONOMIC STUDIES
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Natoya Peart, Eric J. Wagner
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Meetu Kaushik Tiwari, Nneoma Adaku, Natoya Peart, Faye A. Rogers
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2016)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chioniso P. Masamha, Zheng Xia, Natoya Peart, Scott Collum, Wei Li, Eric J. Wagner, Ann-Bin Shyu
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Natoya Peart, Eric J. Wagner
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Todd R. Albrecht, Sergey P. Shevtsov, Yixuan Wu, Lauren G. Mascibroda, Natoya J. Peart, Kai-Lieh Huang, Iain A. Sawyer, Liang Tong, Miroslav Dundr, Eric J. Wagner
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2018)
Article
Cell Biology
Chonghua Li, Natoya Peart, Zhenyu Xuan, Dorothy E. Lewis, Yang Xia, Jianping Jin
CELLULAR SIGNALLING
(2014)
Article
Cell Biology
SungKyoung Lee, Benjamin Cieply, Yueqin Yang, Natoya Peart, Carl Glaser, Patricia Chan, Russ P. Carstens
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lauren G. Mascibroda, Mohammad Shboul, Nathan D. Elrod, Laurence Colleaux, Hanan Hamamy, Kai-Lieh Huang, Natoya Peart, Moirangthem Kiran Singh, Hane Lee, Barry Merriman, Jeanne N. Jodoin, Poojitha Sitaram, Laura A. Lee, Raja Fathalla, Baeth Al-Rawashdeh, Osama Ababneh, Mohammad El-Khateeb, Nathalie Escande-Beillard, Stanley F. Nelson, Yixuan Wu, Liang Tong, Linda J. Kenney, Sudipto Roy, William K. Russell, Jeanne Amiel, Bruno Reversade, Eric J. Wagner
Summary: Oral-facial-digital (OFD) syndromes are a group of congenital disorders characterized by face and oral cavity malformations, and digit anomalies. Mutations in the INTS13 gene have been found to cause OFD type 2, disrupting ciliogenesis and gene expression.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Natoya J. Peart, Taylor A. Johnson, Sungkyoung Lee, Matthew J. Sears, Fang Yang, Mathieu Quesnel-Vallieres, Huijuan Feng, Yocelyn Recinos, Yoseph Barash, Chaolin Zhang, Brian P. Hermann, P. Jeremy Wang, Christopher B. Geyer, Russ P. Carstens
Summary: Male fertility relies on the continuous production of sperm. Gene expression regulation plays a crucial role in controlling the balance between stem cell self-renewal and gamete production. In this study, an RNA binding protein-RBM46 was identified, which is essential for gamete production and fertility. It binds to specific mRNAs encoding proteins required for differentiation and meiosis during spermatogenesis.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Natoya J. Peart, Jae Yeon Hwang, Mathieu Quesnel-Vallieres, Matthew J. Sears, Yuequin Yang, Peter Stoilov, Yoseph Barash, Juw Won Park, Kristen W. Lynch, Russ P. Carstens
Summary: Epithelial splicing regulatory proteins ESRP1 and ESRP2 play crucial roles in the regulation of alternative splicing during mammalian development, particularly in genes involved in maintaining epithelial cell function. Through eCLIP and RNA-Seq analyses, it was found that ESRP1 primarily functions in splicing regulation by directly binding to specific sites to promote exon inclusion or skipping. Additionally, ESRP1 also exhibits widespread binding in the untranslated regions of genes related to epithelial cell function, suggesting its involvement in post-transcriptional regulation beyond splicing.
Article
Cell Biology
Alex M. Rohacek, Thomas W. Bebee, Richard K. Tilton, Caleb M. Radens, Chris McDermott-Roe, Natoya Peart, Maninder Kaur, Michael Zaykaner, Benjamin Cieply, Kiran Musunuru, Yoseph Barash, John A. Germiller, Ian D. Krantz, Russ P. Carstens, Douglas J. Epstein
DEVELOPMENTAL CELL
(2017)