Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
James M. Burke, Alison R. Gilchrist, Sara L. Sawyer, Roy Parker
Summary: The study demonstrates that RNase L-mediated mRNA decay does not completely limit protein synthesis of dengue virus and influenza A virus, as their mRNAs largely escape this process. However, activation of RNase L inhibits nuclear mRNA export, thereby restricting influenza A virus protein synthesis and cytokine production.
Review
Parasitology
Susanne Kramer
Summary: The passage of mRNAs through nuclear pores into the cytoplasm is essential for all eukaryotes, with mRNA export tightly connected to nuclear mRNA processing. Trypanosoma brucei exhibits unusual features in nuclear mRNA processing, lacking key complexes and proteins found in opisthokonts. Further investigation is needed to determine the extent of mRNA export regulation in trypanosomes and the evolutionary implications of mRNA export across eukaryotes.
Review
Oncology
Katherine L. B. Borden
Summary: This review highlights the importance of RNA export in cellular trafficking and the aberrant phenomena observed in cancer. Studies on RNA export machinery and relevant NPC components offer potential therapeutic strategies for targeting cancer.
Review
Cell Biology
Pierre Bensidoun, Daniel Zenklusen, Marlene Oeffinger
Summary: The nuclear pore complex (NPC) is the central gate for mRNA transportation from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. The export competence of mRNAs is linked to upstream nuclear processes, and recent evidence suggests that the NPC may be more heterogeneous than previously believed, providing functional plasticity to mRNA export. Interconnected processes of nuclear mRNA metabolism and NPC heterogeneity play crucial roles in regulating export competence.
WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Merce Gomar-Alba, Vasilisa Pozharskaia, Bogdan Cichocki, Celia Schaal, Arun Kumar, Basile Jacquel, Gilles Charvin, J. Carlos Igual, Manuel Mendoza
Summary: Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) mediate communication between the nucleus and the cytoplasm and regulate gene expression. Lysine acetyltransferase Esa1 acetylates the nuclear pore basket component Nup60, which recruits the mRNA export factor Sac3, to promote mRNA export. This mechanism also regulates cell entry into S phase and prevents premature commitment to a new cell division cycle in G1 daughter cells.
Article
Cell Biology
Minhua Deng, Ning Wang, Zhiyong Li, Rixin Chen, Jinling Duan, Yulu Peng, Zeshen Wu, Zhiling Zhang, Lijuan Jiang, Xianchong Zheng, Dan Xie, Wensu Wei, Zhuowei Liu, Fangjian Zhou
Summary: RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), including Fragile X-related gene 1 (FXR1), play important regulatory roles in gene expression. Dysregulation of RBPs, such as overexpression of FXR1, can promote urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB) proliferation and tumorigenesis by affecting the 3' processing of TRAF1 mRNA. Understanding the novel regulatory role of FXR1 in UCB oncogenesis provides new insight into the function of RBPs and potential therapeutic targets for UCB.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Karolina Majewska, Patrycja Wroblewska-Ankiewicz, Magda Rudzka, Malwina Hyjek-Skladanowska, Marcin Golebiewski, Dariusz Jan Smolinski, Agnieszka Kolowerzo-Lubnau
Summary: Recent studies have highlighted the crucial role of post-transcriptional processes in gene expression regulation, particularly the retention of mRNA in the nucleus. Analysis of larch microsporocytes revealed two main patterns of nuclear accumulation and transport of transcripts, indicating an evolutionarily conserved mechanism of gene regulation across various cell types.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Belen Pacheco-Fiallos, Matthias K. Vorlaender, Daria Riabov-Bassat, Laura Fin, Francis J. O'Reilly, Farja I. Ayala, Ulla Schellhaas, Juri Rappsilber, Clemens Plaschka
Summary: Newly made mRNAs are recognized and organized by the essential TREX complex for nuclear export. Cryo-electron microscopy and tomography structures reveal that mRNAs are recognized through multivalent interactions between TREX subunit ALYREF and mRNP-bound exon junction complexes. Endogenous mRNPs form compact globules that are coated by multiple TREX complexes, providing a framework to understand mRNA biogenesis and export.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Paola De Magistris
Summary: Nuclear export of mRNA through the NPC is crucial for protein translation in eukaryotic cells, with mRNAs forming ribonuclear particles with proteins for translocation. mRNPs undergo compositional and conformational changes during NPC transport, with multiple quality control steps to ensure proper export of mature transcripts to the cytoplasm. Opportunities for mechanistic understanding of nuclear export are mentioned in the review.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Thomas Kehrer, Anastasija Cupic, Chengjin Ye, Soner Yildiz, Mehdi Bouhaddou, Nicholas A. Crossland, Erika A. Barrall, Phillip Cohen, Anna Tseng, Tolga Cagatay, Raveen Rathnasinghe, Daniel Flores, Sonia Jangra, Fahmida Alam, Ignacio Mena, Sadaf Aslam, Anjali Saqi, Magdalena Rutkowska, Manisha R. Ummadi, Giuseppe Pisanelli, R. Blake Richardson, Ethan C. Veit, Jacqueline M. Fabius, Margaret Soucheray, Benjamin J. Polacco, Baran Ak, Arturo Marin, Matthew J. Evans, Danielle L. Swaney, Ana S. Gonzalez-Reiche, Emilia M. Sordillo, Harm van Bakel, Viviana Simon, Lorena Zuliani-Alvarez, Beatriz M. A. Fontoura, Brad R. Rosenberg, Nevan J. Krogan, Luis Martinez-Sobrido, Adolfo Garcia-Sastre, Lisa Miorin
Summary: The ORF6 protein of SARS-CoV-2 plays a crucial role in antagonizing the host's innate immunity by disrupting nuclear import and inhibiting cellular mRNA export. It also regulates viral protein expression. Mutations in ORF6 affect its interactions with host components and impair immune evasion in certain variants.
CELL HOST & MICROBE
(2023)
Article
Virology
Clifton L. Ricana, Marc C. Johnson
Summary: This study describes a nuclear cycling-deficient RSV Gag mutant with similar plasma membrane binding and genome incorporation to wild-type virus, suggesting that RSV Gag nuclear cycling is not strictly required for RSV replication. This mutant provides insights into viral trafficking evolution and may present a model intermediate to cis- and trans-acting mechanisms for gRNA export.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Jackson M. Gordon, David Phizicky, Karla M. Neugebauer
Summary: This article discusses the role of retained intron RNAs in shaping gene expression programs and the regulation of the biogenesis and fate of RI-RNAs by nuclear organization. Proximity of RNA to nuclear speckles may affect choices ranging from efficient co-transcriptional splicing, export and stability to regulated post-transcriptional splicing and possible vulnerability to decay.
CURRENT OPINION IN GENETICS & DEVELOPMENT
(2021)
Article
Virology
Zhimin Tang, Wangtai Luo, Zhihong Huang, Meijin Yuan, Wenbi Wu, Kai Yang
Summary: The study revealed that Spodoptera frugiperda mRNA export factor (SfMEF) interacts with Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus orf34 (ac34) and mediates its nuclear import. Mutations in a potential zinc finger motif of Ac34 disrupted the interaction between Ac34 and SfMEF, leading to decreased production of budded virions (BV). This interaction presents a new nucleocytoplasmic transport pathway utilized by alphabaculoviruses for successful viral replication within infected cell nuclei.
Article
Biology
Sarah Farhat, Phuong Le, Ehsan Kayal, Benjamin Noel, Estelle Bigeard, Erwan Corre, Florian Maumus, Isabelle Florent, Adriana Alberti, Jean-Marc Aury, Tristan Barbeyron, Ruibo Cai, Corinne Da Silva, Benjamin Istace, Karine Labadie, Dominique Marie, Jonathan Mercier, Tsinda Rukwavu, Jeremy Szymczak, Thierry Tonon, Catharina Alves-de-Souza, Pierre Rouze, Yves van de Peer, Patrick Wincker, Stephane Rombauts, Betina M. Porcel, Laure Guillou
Summary: This study sequenced and analyzed the genomes of two early-diverging parasitic dinoflagellate Amoebophrya strains, revealing compact genomes, shared orthologs with Dinophyceae, and high levels of gene synteny conservation. Interestingly, non-canonical introns with diverse splicing motifs were identified, suggesting rapid protein evolution in these unicellular parasites. Loss of organelles was also confirmed, raising questions about speciation and evolutionary mechanisms in parasitic unicellular lineages.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ambar Kachale, Zuzana Pavlikova, Anna Nenarokova, Adriana Roithova, Ignacio M. Durante, Petra Miletinova, Kristina Zahonova, Serafim Nenarokov, Jan Votypka, Eva Horakova, Robert L. Ross, Vyacheslav Yurchenko, Petra Beznoskova, Zdenek Paris, Leos Shivaya Valasek, Julius Lukes
Summary: The study discovered that Blastocrithidia nonstop, a protist, lacks in-frame stop codons in its genes. It is believed that UGA was previously a stop codon, but has now been reprogrammed as a tryptophan codon due to a deficiency in one of the bases. A mutation in a gene called B. nonstop release factor 1 was also found to restrict recognition of UGA, thereby enhancing its reassignment.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alexander F. Palazzo, Mathew Truong
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Eliza S. Lee, Alexander F. Palazzo
Article
Cell Biology
Franka Voigt, Hui Zhang, Xianying A. Cui, Desiree Triebold, Ai Xin Liu, Jan Eglinger, Eliza S. Lee, Jeffrey A. Chao, Alexander F. Palazzo
Review
Cell Biology
Nevraj S. Kejiou, Alexander F. Palazzo
WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA
(2017)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Alexander F. Palazzo, Eliza S. Lee
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2018)
Article
Cell Biology
Eric J. Wolf, Amanda Miles, Eliza S. Lee, Syed Nabeel-Shah, Jack F. Greenblatt, Alexander F. Palazzo, Vincent Tropepe, Andrew Emili
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Stefan Linquist, W. Ford Doolittle, Alexander F. Palazzo
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alexander F. Palazzo, Eugene Koonin
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eliza S. Lee, Eric J. Wolf, Sean S. J. Ihn, Harrison W. Smith, Andrew Emili, Alexander F. Palazzo
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2020)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Qingtang Shen, Yifan E. Wang, Mathew Truong, Kohila Mahadevan, Jingze J. Wu, Hui Zhang, Jiawei Li, Harrison W. Smith, Craig A. Smibert, Alexander F. Palazzo
Summary: RanBP2 plays a crucial role in stabilizing Argonaute-mRNA complexes by promoting SUMOylation, leading to the suppression of clinically relevant cytokines associated with ANE1, such as IL6.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qingtang Shen, Yifan E. Wang, Alexander F. Palazzo
Summary: The nuclear pore complex plays a critical role in mediating communication between the nucleoplasm and cytoplasm, serving as a gateway for cellular trafficking events and also being targeted by viruses for replication. Additionally, the complex is involved in the cell's innate immune response, serving as a network for signaling pathways in response to foreign invaders. The manipulation of these pathways by viruses to evade the immune system highlights the complex interplay between cellular machinery and viral infection.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Christopher D. Go, James D. R. Knight, Archita Rajasekharan, Bhavisha Rathod, Geoffrey G. Hesketh, Kento T. Abe, Ji-Young Youn, Payman Samavarchi-Tehrani, Hui Zhang, Lucie Y. Zhu, Evelyn Popiel, Jean-Philippe Lambert, Etienne Coyaud, Sally W. T. Cheung, Dushyandi Rajendran, Cassandra J. Wong, Hana Antonicka, Laurence Pelletier, Alexander F. Palazzo, Eric A. Shoubridge, Brian Raught, Anne-Claude Gingras
Summary: The study utilized BioID technology to construct a map of subcellular compartments in human cells, identifying the intracellular locations of numerous unique proteins and demonstrating the superior predictive ability of this technique compared to previous methods.
Article
Cell Biology
Alexander F. Palazzo, Jomon Joseph, Ming Lim, Kiran T. Thakur
Summary: This article discusses the relationship between missense mutations in RanBP2/Nup358 and Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy (ANE), a pediatric disease characterized by a cytokine storm restricted to the central nervous system after viral infection. If left untreated, this condition can lead to seizures, coma, long-term neurological damage, and a high mortality rate. However, the exact mechanism by which RanBP2 mutations contribute to the development of ANE is still unclear. Furthermore, the article mentions that several researchers have presented their work on this disease and the interactions between RanBP2/Nup358, viral infections, the innate immune response, and other cellular processes.
Article
History & Philosophy Of Science
Joyce C. Havstad, Alexander F. Palazzo
Summary: The significance of non-junk or coding DNA is often considered higher than junk DNA. However, this article challenges this belief by arguing that junk DNA is important because it can alter the cellular environment and impact organism-level selection. It also points out that junk DNA, like coding DNA, has causal specificity.
BIOLOGY & PHILOSOPHY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alexander F. Palazzo, Yoon Mo Kang
Summary: The distribution pattern of GC-content in human protein-coding genes affects the nuclear export of mRNA, helping it to be recognized by the cellular machinery and promoting its export from the nucleus.