Are vaccination models suitable to determine whether probiotics have beneficial health effects in the general population?

Daily Probiotic’s (Lactobacillus caseiShirota) Reduction of Infection Incidence in Athletes

(2016) Michael Gleeson et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORT NUTRITION AND EXERCISE METABOLISM

Effects of aLactobacillus salivariusProbiotic Intervention on Infection, Cold Symptom Duration and Severity, and Mucosal Immunity in Endurance Athletes

(2016) Michael Gleeson et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORT NUTRITION AND EXERCISE METABOLISM

Effects of Consumption of a Fermented Dairy Product Containing the Probiotic Lactobacillus casei DN-114 001 on Common Respiratory and Gastrointestinal Infections in Shift Workers in a Randomized Controlled Trial

(2013) Eric Guillemard et al.   JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF NUTRITION

Meta-analysis: probiotics in antibiotic-associated diarrhoea

(2012) E. J. Videlock et al.   ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS

Efficacy of daily intake of Lactobacillus casei Shirota on respiratory symptoms and influenza vaccination immune response: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in healthy elderly nursing home residents

(2012) Karolien Van Puyenbroeck et al.   AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION

Probiotics for the Prevention and Treatment of Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea

(2012) Sydne J. Newberry   JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION

Partial Regulatory T Cell Depletion Prior to Schistosomiasis Vaccination Does Not Enhance the Protection

(2012) Xuefeng Wang et al.   PLoS One

Induction of Multi-Functional T Cells in a Phase I Clinical Trial of Dendritic Cell Immunotherapy in Hepatitis C Virus Infected Individuals

(2012) Shuo Li et al.   PLoS One

Establishing and Evaluating Health Claims for Probiotics

(2012) Sharon M. Donovan et al.   Advances in Nutrition

Oral tolerance

(2011) Howard L. Weiner et al.   IMMUNOLOGICAL REVIEWS

Probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics: impact on the gut immune system and allergic reactions

(2011) P. Gourbeyre et al.   JOURNAL OF LEUKOCYTE BIOLOGY

Lactobacillus fermentum (PCC®) supplementation and gastrointestinal and respiratory-tract illness symptoms: a randomised control trial in athletes

(2011) Nicholas P West et al.   Nutrition Journal

Reducing the risk of infection in the elderly by dietary intake of yoghurt fermented with Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus OLL1073R-1

(2010) Seiya Makino et al.   BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION

Oral administration of Parabacteroides distasonis antigens attenuates experimental murine colitis through modulation of immunity and microbiota composition

(2010) M. Kverka et al.   CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL IMMUNOLOGY

Randomised, double-blind and placebo-controlled study using new probiotic lactobacilli for strengthening the body immune defence against viral infections

(2010) Anna Berggren et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION

The gut microbiota ecology: a new opportunity for the treatment of metabolic diseases ?

(2010) Remy Burcelin   Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark

Epitope-Specific Regulatory CD4 T Cells Reduce Virus-Induced Illness while Preserving CD8 T-Cell Effector Function at the Site of Infection

(2010) Jie Liu et al.   JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY

Role ofLactobacillusin the Prevention of Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea: A Meta-analysis

(2010) Pramodini B Kale-Pradhan et al.   PHARMACOTHERAPY

Probiotics and the immune response to vaccines

(2010) Thomas T. MacDonald et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NUTRITION SOCIETY

Dynamics of peripheral tolerance and immune regulation mediated by Treg

(2009) Shimon Sakaguchi et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Regulatory T Cells Promote Early Influx of CD8+ T Cells in the Lungs of Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Infected Mice and Diminish Immunodominance Disparities

(2009) T. J. Ruckwardt et al.   JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY

Probiotic Effects on Cold and Influenza-Like Symptom Incidence and Duration in Children

(2009) G. J. Leyer et al.   PEDIATRICS

Oral Probiotic Control Skin Inflammation by Acting on Both Effector and Regulatory T Cells

(2009) Feriel Hacini-Rachinel et al.   PLoS One

Lactobacillus reuteri–induced Regulatory T cells Protect against an Allergic Airway Response in Mice

(2008) Khalil Karimi et al.   AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE