New mechanisms of metformin action: Focusing on mitochondria and the gut

Effect of Metformin on Metabolic Improvement and Gut Microbiota

(2014) Heetae Lee et al.   APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY

Metformin alleviates hepatosteatosis by restoring SIRT1-mediated autophagy induction via an AMP-activated protein kinase-independent pathway

(2014) Young Mi Song et al.   Autophagy

Autophagy in microglia degrades extracellular β-amyloid fibrils and regulates the NLRP3 inflammasome

(2014) Mi-Hyang Cho et al.   Autophagy

The Intrinsic Apoptosis Pathway Mediates the Pro-Longevity Response to Mitochondrial ROS in C. elegans

(2014) Callista Yee et al.   CELL

Control of Gluconeogenesis by Metformin: Does Redox Trump Energy Charge?

(2014) Joseph A. Baur et al.   Cell Metabolism

Metformin: From Mechanisms of Action to Therapies

(2014) Marc Foretz et al.   Cell Metabolism

Amyloidogenic peptide oligomer accumulation in autophagy-deficient β cells induces diabetes

(2014) Jinyoung Kim et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION

Metformin suppresses gluconeogenesis by inhibiting mitochondrial glycerophosphate dehydrogenase

(2014) Anila K. Madiraju et al.   NATURE

Autophagy—a key player in cellular and body metabolism

(2014) Kook Hwan Kim et al.   Nature Reviews Endocrinology

Systemic autophagy insufficiency compromises adaptation to metabolic stress and facilitates progression from obesity to diabetes

(2014) Yu-Mi Lim et al.   Nature Communications

Metformin-induced inhibition of the mitochondrial respiratory chain increases FGF21 expression via ATF4 activation

(2013) Kook Hwan Kim et al.   BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS

Differential Regulation of Distinct Vps34 Complexes by AMPK in Nutrient Stress and Autophagy

(2013) Joungmok Kim et al.   CELL

The NAD+/Sirtuin Pathway Modulates Longevity through Activation of Mitochondrial UPR and FOXO Signaling

(2013) Laurent Mouchiroud et al.   CELL

Metformin Retards Aging in C. elegans by Altering Microbial Folate and Methionine Metabolism

(2013) Filipe Cabreiro et al.   CELL

An increase in theAkkermansiaspp. population induced by metformin treatment improves glucose homeostasis in diet-induced obese mice

(2013) Na-Ri Shin et al.   GUT

Metformin enhances glucagon-like peptide 1 via cooperation between insulin and Wnt signaling

(2013) Mi-Hyun Kim et al.   JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY

Biguanides suppress hepatic glucagon signalling by decreasing production of cyclic AMP

(2013) Russell A. Miller et al.   NATURE

Richness of human gut microbiome correlates with metabolic markers

(2013) Emmanuelle Le Chatelier et al.   NATURE

Mitonuclear protein imbalance as a conserved longevity mechanism

(2013) Riekelt H. Houtkooper et al.   NATURE

Microtubule-driven spatial arrangement of mitochondria promotes activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome

(2013) Takuma Misawa et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

Metabolic Disease Puts Up a Fight: Microbes, metabolism and medications

(2013) Eleftheria Maratos-Flier   NATURE MEDICINE

Cross-talk between Akkermansia muciniphila and intestinal epithelium controls diet-induced obesity

(2013) A. Everard et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Mucus Enhances Gut Homeostasis and Oral Tolerance by Delivering Immunoregulatory Signals

(2013) M. Shan et al.   SCIENCE

Conserved Shifts in the Gut Microbiota Due to Gastric Bypass Reduce Host Weight and Adiposity

(2013) A. P. Liou et al.   Science Translational Medicine

FoxO1 controls lysosomal acid lipase in adipocytes: implication of lipophagy during nutrient restriction and metformin treatment

(2013) D Lettieri Barbato et al.   Cell Death & Disease

Overexpression of Atg5 in mice activates autophagy and extends lifespan

(2013) Jong-Ok Pyo et al.   Nature Communications

Metformin improves healthspan and lifespan in mice

(2013) Alejandro Martin-Montalvo et al.   Nature Communications

PERK is required at the ER-mitochondrial contact sites to convey apoptosis after ROS-based ER stress

(2012) T Verfaillie et al.   CELL DEATH AND DIFFERENTIATION

Thioredoxin-Interacting Protein Mediates ER Stress-Induced β Cell Death through Initiation of the Inflammasome

(2012) Christine M. Oslowski et al.   Cell Metabolism

IRE1α Induces Thioredoxin-Interacting Protein to Activate the NLRP3 Inflammasome and Promote Programmed Cell Death under Irremediable ER Stress

(2012) Alana G. Lerner et al.   Cell Metabolism

A potential mechanism of metformin-mediated regulation of glucose homeostasis: Inhibition of Thioredoxin-interacting protein (Txnip) gene expression

(2012) Tin Fan Chai et al.   CELLULAR SIGNALLING

Dissociation of Bcl-2-Beclin1 Complex by Activated AMPK Enhances Cardiac Autophagy and Protects Against Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis in Diabetes

(2012) C. He et al.   DIABETES

Upregulated NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

(2012) Hye-Mi Lee et al.   DIABETES

Management of Hyperglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes: A Patient-Centered Approach: Position Statement of the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD)

(2012) S. E. Inzucchi et al.   DIABETES CARE

Treatment of autoimmune diabetes in NOD mice by Toll-like receptor 2 tolerance in conjunction with dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibition

(2012) D.-H. Kim et al.   DIABETOLOGIA

Metformin protects against the development of fructose-induced steatosis in mice: role of the intestinal barrier function

(2012) Astrid Spruss et al.   LABORATORY INVESTIGATION

Exercise-induced BCL2-regulated autophagy is required for muscle glucose homeostasis

(2012) Congcong He et al.   NATURE

A metagenome-wide association study of gut microbiota in type 2 diabetes

(2012) Junjie Qin et al.   NATURE

Activation of autophagy by inflammatory signals limits IL-1β production by targeting ubiquitinated inflammasomes for destruction

(2012) Chong-Shan Shi et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

Autophagy deficiency leads to protection from obesity and insulin resistance by inducing Fgf21 as a mitokine

(2012) Kook Hwan Kim et al.   NATURE MEDICINE

Interactions Between the Microbiota and the Immune System

(2012) L. V. Hooper et al.   SCIENCE

The endocannabinoid system in inflammatory bowel diseases: from pathophysiology to therapeutic opportunity

(2012) Mireille Alhouayek et al.   TRENDS IN MOLECULAR MEDICINE

Autophagy: Renovation of Cells and Tissues

(2011) Noboru Mizushima et al.   CELL

Improvement of Cardiac Functions by Chronic Metformin Treatment Is Associated With Enhanced Cardiac Autophagy in Diabetic OVE26 Mice

(2011) Z. Xie et al.   DIABETES

Elimination of the NLRP3-ASC Inflammasome Protects against Chronic Obesity-Induced Pancreatic Damage

(2011) Yun-Hee Youm et al.   ENDOCRINOLOGY

Mechanisms Underlying Metformin-Induced Secretion of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 from the Intestinal L Cell

(2011) Andrew J. Mulherin et al.   ENDOCRINOLOGY

AMPK and mTOR regulate autophagy through direct phosphorylation of Ulk1

(2011) Joungmok Kim et al.   NATURE CELL BIOLOGY

NLR functions beyond pathogen recognition

(2011) Thomas A Kufer et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

Fatty acid–induced NLRP3-ASC inflammasome activation interferes with insulin signaling

(2011) Haitao Wen et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

The NLRP3 inflammasome instigates obesity-induced inflammation and insulin resistance

(2011) Bolormaa Vandanmagsar et al.   NATURE MEDICINE

AMP-Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) Mediates Nutrient Regulation of Thioredoxin-Interacting Protein (TXNIP) in Pancreatic Beta-Cells

(2011) Maayan Shaked et al.   PLoS One

Modulation of Mucosal Immune Response, Tolerance, and Proliferation in Mice Colonized by the Mucin-Degrader Akkermansia muciniphila

(2011) Muriel Derrien et al.   Frontiers in Microbiology

Metformin, Independent of AMPK, Inhibits mTORC1 in a Rag GTPase-Dependent Manner

(2010) Adem Kalender et al.   Cell Metabolism

Metformin regulates the incretin receptor axis via a pathway dependent on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α in mice

(2010) A. Maida et al.   DIABETOLOGIA

Metformin inhibits hepatic gluconeogenesis in mice independently of the LKB1/AMPK pathway via a decrease in hepatic energy state

(2010) Marc Foretz et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION

Autophagy proteins regulate innate immune responses by inhibiting the release of mitochondrial DNA mediated by the NALP3 inflammasome

(2010) Kiichi Nakahira et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

Activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome by islet amyloid polypeptide provides a mechanism for enhanced IL-1β in type 2 diabetes

(2010) Seth L Masters et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

Metformin Induces a Dietary Restriction–Like State and the Oxidative Stress Response to Extend C. elegans Healthspan via AMPK, LKB1, and SKN-1

(2010) Brian Onken et al.   PLoS One

Phosphorylation of ULK1 (hATG1) by AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Connects Energy Sensing to Mitophagy

(2010) D. F. Egan et al.   SCIENCE

Translation Attenuation through eIF2α Phosphorylation Prevents Oxidative Stress and Maintains the Differentiated State in β Cells

(2009) Sung Hoon Back et al.   Cell Metabolism

Autophagy in human type 2 diabetes pancreatic beta cells

(2009) M. Masini et al.   DIABETOLOGIA

High-Fat Diet Determines the Composition of the Murine Gut Microbiome Independently of Obesity

(2009) Marie A. Hildebrandt et al.   GASTROENTEROLOGY

Enhancing CD8 T-cell memory by modulating fatty acid metabolism

(2009) Erika L. Pearce et al.   NATURE

Autophagy regulates lipid metabolism

(2009) Rajat Singh et al.   NATURE

Thioredoxin-interacting protein links oxidative stress to inflammasome activation

(2009) Rongbin Zhou et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

Lean, but not obese, fat is enriched for a unique population of regulatory T cells that affect metabolic parameters

(2009) Markus Feuerer et al.   NATURE MEDICINE

Metformin and the intestine

(2008) C. J. Bailey et al.   DIABETOLOGIA

The Pervasive Effects of an Antibiotic on the Human Gut Microbiota, as Revealed by Deep 16S rRNA Sequencing

(2008) Les Dethlefsen et al.   PLOS BIOLOGY

Methyl succinate antagonises biguanide-induced AMPK-activation and death of pancreatic β-cells through restoration of mitochondrial electron transfer

(2007) S A Hinke et al.   BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY