Review
Immunology
Ling Yang, Yao Meng, Yuxiang Shi, Hongxu Fang, Leying Zhang
Summary: This review focuses on the anatomical and immunological adaptations of the maternal liver during pregnancy, as well as the associated diseases. It also presents the factors that regulate hepatic immunology during pregnancy. These findings are important for the prevention of embryo loss, abortion, and pregnancy-associated liver diseases.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yuichi Takashi, Kyoko Toyokawa, Naoki Oda, Yoshimi Muta, Hisashi Yokomizo, Seiji Fukumoto, Daiji Kawanami
Summary: This report describes a case of adult XLH and tertiary hyperparathyroidism, finding that serum phosphate levels remained low despite burosumab treatment. Treatment with the calcimimetic evocalcet increased serum phosphate levels and tubular maximum reabsorption of phosphate. Therefore, evaluating the presence of hyperparathyroidism is important in patients whose serum phosphate levels do not increase with burosumab treatment.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ying Yu, Yingjie Shen, Siyi Zhang, Nan Wang, Lan Luo, Xinyi Zhu, Xiejun Xu, Weitao Cong, Litai Jin, Zhongxin Zhu
Summary: The study demonstrates that FGF21 can suppress inflammation induced by C. acnes through counteracting activation of TLR2, NF-κB, and MAPK signaling pathways and reducing the expression of inflammatory cytokines.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhensheng Zhang, Li Xu, Xun Qiu, Xinyu Yang, Zhengxing Lian, Xuyong Wei, Di Lu, Xiao Xu
Summary: Tacrolimus (TAC) is an immunosuppressant commonly used after liver transplantation, but it is associated with post-transplant hyperlipemia. The mechanism behind this is unclear, and there is a need to explore preventive strategies for hyperlipemia. In a mouse model, we found that TAC treatment led to hyperlipemia and lipid accumulation in the liver. TAC also inhibited the autophagy-lysosome pathway and downregulated fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21). Overexpression of FGF21 reversed TAC-induced lipid accumulation and hyperlipemia by enhancing autophagy.
JOURNAL OF ZHEJIANG UNIVERSITY-SCIENCE B
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Vera Stiensmeier, Marion Schmicke
Summary: This study aimed to test the effect of T3 on GHR mRNA expression in a bovine hepatocyte model. The results confirmed the stimulatory effect of T3 on GHR1A mRNA expression.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mari C. Vazquez-Borrego, Mercedes del Rio-Moreno, Maxim Pyatkov, Andre Sarmento-Cabral, Mariyah Mahmood, Natalie Pelke, Magdalena Wnek, Jose Cordoba-Chacon, David J. Waxman, Michelle A. Puchowicz, Owen P. McGuinness, Rhonda D. Kineman
Summary: Evidence shows that GH protects against the development of NAFLD by altering insulin sensitivity and substrate delivery to the liver, as well as by directly affecting hepatocyte function. The study demonstrates that hepatocyte-specific GHR signaling controls hepatic glycolysis, DNL, steatosis, and hepatic insulin sensitivity indirectly (via IGF1) and directly (via STAT5b). These findings improve our understanding of the physiological actions of GH in regulating adult metabolism to protect against NAFLD progression.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Christa C. van Bunderen, Rick I. Meijer, Paul Lips, Mark H. Kramer, Erik H. Serne, Madeleine L. Drent
Summary: The study found that increasing IGF-1 levels had a beneficial effect on body composition but was detrimental to insulin resistance. At the same time, the contribution of the neurogenic vasomotion domain also increased.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yan Tang, Mei Zhang
Summary: FGF21 is primarily produced in the liver and adipose tissue and plays a crucial role in regulating energy metabolism of carbohydrates and lipids in the body. It has potential clinical value in treating metabolic disorders. However, the abuse and abnormal expression of FGF21 may be associated with bone abnormalities. The role of FGF21 in bone metabolism regulation and its mechanism are still not fully understood, but worthy of increasing attention.
BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pradeep Kumar, Yunshan Liu, Yang Shen, Jacquelyn J. Maher, Francesca Cingolani, Mark J. Czaja
Summary: It has been discovered that FGF23, which is originally associated with renal disease, is also linked to hepatic and cardiac diseases. The liver is found to produce FGF23 in response to injury and it may have proinflammatory effects on hepatocytes and other organs.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Xiaowei Zheng, Zhengbao Zhu, Daoxia Guo, Chongke Zhong, Tan Xu, Yanbo Peng, Aili Wang, Hao Peng, Zhong Ju, Deqin Geng, Yonghong Zhang, Jiang He
Summary: Elevated plasma fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21) levels were found to be associated with poor prognosis in patients with acute ischemic stroke, increasing the risk of death or major disability. Using FGF-21 as a prognostic marker may help evaluate the prognosis of stroke patients.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Evgenia Gurevich, Yael Segev, Daniel Landau
Summary: GH and IGF-1 have important roles in kidney development and function regulation, with GH excess potentially leading to kidney damage. Chronic kidney disease and its complications in children are associated with alterations in the GH/IGF1 axis, with GH treatment being used to promote growth.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hyunjoong Kim, Jihye Jung, Sungeon Park, Younglan Joo, Sangbong Lee, Jeongu Sim, Jinhyeong Choi, Hyun Lee, Gyujeong Hwang, Seungwon Lee
Summary: This systematic review synthesized and quantified the changes in fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF-21) induced by exercise. Through searching and analysis of 10 studies with 376 participants, it was found that FGF-21 levels significantly increased after exercise compared to no exercise. The results suggest that chronic exercise leads to higher FGF-21 levels.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Hayder M. Al-kuraishy, Ali I. Al-Gareeb, Hebatallah M. Saad, Gaber El-Saber Batiha
Summary: FGF21 is a hormone synthesized and released from the liver. In type 2 diabetes, FGF21 is released to overcome insulin resistance stimulated by inflammation. Metformin increases FGF21 expression and improves its sensitivity, thereby improving insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis.
INFLAMMOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Deepali Gupta, Anna M. Patterson, Sherri Osborne-Lawrence, Angie L. Bookout, Salil Varshney, Kripa Shankar, Omprakash Singh, Nathan P. Metzger, Corine P. Richard, Steven C. Wyler, Joel K. Elmquist, Jeffrey M. Zigman
Summary: The study investigated the role of acyl-ghrelin on GH secretion and metabolic actions by selectively deleting GHSR from somatotrophs. Results suggest that the direct engagement of GHSR-expressing somatotrophs is essential for acyl-ghrelin to stimulate GH secretion and influence its metabolic actions.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yun Jeong Lee, So Yoon Jung, Young Ah Lee, Jaehyun Kim, Seong Yong Lee, Choong Ho Shin
Summary: This study explored the relationship between fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) levels and growth in children with growth hormone deficiency (GHD) and idiopathic short stature (ISS), as well as the impact of FGF21 levels on response to growth hormone (GH) treatment. The results showed that FGF21 levels were higher in short children, regardless of whether they had GHD or ISS, compared to children with normal growth. The pretreatment FGF21 level negatively affected the growth velocity of GH-treated GHD children, suggesting the existence of a GH/FFA/FGF21 axis in children.
JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Dhirendra Pratap Singh, Shashank Singh, Vandana Bijalwan, Vijay Kumar, Pragyanshu Khare, Ritesh Kumar Baboota, Paramdeep Singh, Ravneet Kaur Boparai, Jagdeep Singh, Kanthi Kiran Kondepudi, Kanwaljit Chopra, Mahendra Bishnoi
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2018)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Siddhartha Mahadeva Sarma, Dhirendra Pratap Singh, Paramdeep Singh, Pragyanshu Khare, Priyanka Mangal, Shashank Singh, Vandana Bijalwan, Jaspreet Kaur, Shrikant Mantri, Ravneet Kaur Boparai, Koushik Mazumder, Mahendra Bishnoi, Kamlesh Kumar Bhutani, Kanthi Kiran Kondepudi
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2018)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shashank Singh, Ruchika Bhatia, Ankit Singh, Paramdeep Singh, Ramandeep Kaur, Pragyanshu Khare, Ravi K. Purama, Ravneet K. Boparai, Praveen Rishi, Padma Ambalam, Sanjay Kumar Bhadada, Mahendra Bishnoi, Jaspreet Kaur, Kanthi Kiran Kondepudi
Review
Andrology
Andrzej Bartke
WORLD JOURNAL OF MENS HEALTH
(2019)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Manuel H. Aguiar-Oliveira, Andrzej Bartke
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Pragyanshu Khare, Priyanka Mangal, Ritesh K. Baboota, Sneha Jagtap, Vijay Kumar, Dhirendra Pratap Singh, Ravneet K. Boparai, Shyam S. Sharma, Romesh Khardori, Sanjay K. Bhadada, Kanthi K. Kondepudi, Kanwaljit Chopra, Mahendra Bishnoi
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Andrzej Bartke
Summary: Growth hormone plays a crucial role in growth, metabolism, and body composition, with a lack of GH leading to slower growth, delayed maturation, and reduced body size. The mechanistic links between GH and aging involve evolutionarily conserved signaling pathways that balance anabolic/growth processes and longevity.
REVIEWS IN ENDOCRINE & METABOLIC DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Monica B. Frungieri, Ricardo S. Calandra, Andrzej Bartke, Maria E. Matzkin
Summary: As individuals age, changes in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis lead to a decline in gonadal function, impacting fertility and quality of life. This decline exacerbates a mutual crosstalk among oxidative stress, apoptosis, and the inflammatory response in the gonads, adversely affecting fertility. Novel therapeutic interventions using antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory drugs have potential clinical implications on health span and life span.
MECHANISMS OF AGEING AND DEVELOPMENT
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Yun Zhu, Yimin Fang, David Medina, Andrzej Bartke, Rong Yuan
Summary: Research suggests that early metformin treatment can have effects on development and metabolism in mice, including delayed sexual maturation in females, increased body weight and food consumption, increased tail length and IGF1 levels. Metformin alters insulin and insulin sensitivity in a sex-specific manner in mice.
MECHANISMS OF AGEING AND DEVELOPMENT
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Maria Eugenia Matzkin, Ricardo Saul Calandra, Soledad Paola Rossi, Andrzej Bartke, Monica Beatriz Frungieri
Summary: The male reproductive system undergoes aging primarily affecting the testes, resulting in decreased sexual hormone levels, altered sperm quality, and reduced fertility. Inflammation, oxidation, and apoptosis are predictors of aging-related diseases, with pro-inflammatory molecules and reactive oxygen species identified as contributing factors for testicular aging. The impact of age-related testicular changes on fertility, reproductive health, and lifespan remains incompletely understood, motivating research into anti-aging interventions and therapies utilizing pharmaceuticals or natural alternatives with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic properties.
Article
Cell Biology
Veronica G. Piazza, Nadia S. Cicconi, Carolina S. Martinez, Fernando P. Dominici, Johanna G. Miquet, Ana I. Sotelo
Summary: The impact of prolonged GH-treatment on liver was evaluated in non-GH-deficient growing mice. GH administration resulted in increased body weight and organ weight, as well as hepatocellular enlargement and proliferation. Signaling mediators and gene expression associated with GH-induced proliferation were decreased after treatment, indicating sensitization/desensitization cycles. Also, GH treatment showed different effects on males and females, with females exhibiting higher EGFR expression and signaling.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Andrology
Andrzej Bartke, Erin Hascup, Kevin Hascup
Summary: There is growing recognition that sex differences extend beyond reproductive organs and traits related to reproduction, and that sex is a significant biological variable in most characteristics of living organisms. This article focuses on sex differences in responses to anti-aging interventions, which have been shown to vary substantially between females and males. While calorie restriction and certain genetic alterations can extend longevity in both sexes, specific metabolic changes and health benefits differ between women and men. It is clear that understanding the unique mechanisms of aging in females and males is crucial for developing effective and tailored anti-aging interventions.
WORLD JOURNAL OF MENS HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Andrzej Bartke
Summary: Research on the biology of aging has shifted focus from studying the effects of aging to searching for mechanisms and interventions that can extend healthspan. The field emphasizes multiple physiological changes, nutrient-dependent signaling pathways, and the impact of age as a risk factor for chronic disease. Major advancements in technology and analysis have provided optimism for the development of safe and widely applicable anti-aging interventions in the near future.
STEM CELL REVIEWS AND REPORTS
(2022)
Review
Andrology
Andrzej Bartke, Erin Hascup, Kevin Hascup, Michal M. Masternak
Summary: The complex relationships between growth hormone signaling and mammalian aging are attracting attention, with recent studies showing different impacts of GH on genome maintenance and DNA methylation. GH affects white and brown adipose tissue, influencing lipolysis, fibrosis, and thermogenesis, showing mechanistic links to healthspan and lifespan. Studies on GH deficiency in human subjects and mice provide insights into the mechanisms by which GH influences aging and longevity.
WORLD JOURNAL OF MENS HEALTH
(2021)
Review
Andrology
Andrzej Bartke, Savannah Brannan, Erin Hascup, Kevin Hascup, Justin Darcy
Summary: Aging is strongly related to energy metabolism, with evidence showing that restricting energy intake and reducing metabolic rate can slow aging and extend longevity. However, increased energy expenditure has also been associated with improved health and longer life. Recent findings on increasing energy expenditure for thermogenesis have shown potential benefits for preventing obesity, improving metabolic health, and extending lifespan.
WORLD JOURNAL OF MENS HEALTH
(2021)