Article
Immunology
Tianxu Li, Yanyan Ren, Tingting Zhang, Xinyu Zhai, Xiuyuan Wang, Jinchao Wang, Bin Xing, Runchun Miao, Ning Li, Liangmeng Wei
Summary: This study investigates the regulatory role of duLGP2 in the duck RIG-I-mediated antiviral innate immune signaling system. The results demonstrate that duLGP2 can suppress duRIG-I activation and enhance the production of inflammatory cytokines. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the regulatory networks of the antiviral innate immune system in ducks.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yuling Tang, Ruijing Su, Qingyue Gu, Yanxin Hu, Hanchun Yang
Summary: Influenza A virus infection leads to significant morbidity and mortality worldwide, and secondary bacterial infection worsens the severity and fatality of the initial viral infection. The role of mast cells in viral and bacterial co-infection is not well understood.
ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Koji Onomoto, Kazuhide Onoguchi, Mitsutoshi Yoneyama
Summary: RLRs are RNA sensor molecules that play essential roles in innate antiviral immunity by inducing downstream signaling via interactions with various host and viral factors. The signaling mediated by RLRs is regulated by interactions with endogenous RNAs and host proteins, and deregulation can lead to autoimmune and autoinflammatory disorders.
CELLULAR & MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Hui Yang, Wendy Winkler, Xiaopeng Wu
Summary: IFI35 interacts with influenza virus protein NS1 to regulate RIG-I-mediated antiviral immunity, playing a crucial role in the defense against viral infection.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Yukie Tanaka, Naoko Morita, Yoshinori Kitagawa, Bin Gotoh, Takayuki Komatsu
Summary: In this study, a novel mechanism of immune escape by human metapneumovirus (HMPV) and human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) is identified. The viral proteins M2-2 and NS1 inhibit the RIG-I/TRIM25-mediated interferon activation, leading to the evasion of host immune responses. These findings provide new insights into the immune evasion strategies employed by viruses.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Julia Steinberg, Timo Wadenpohl, Stephanie Jung
Summary: The generation of endogenous RIG-I ligand (eRL) is induced by viral infection, amplifying the innate immune response. While eRL was detected in IAV infected cells, it was not found in VSV infected cells.
Article
Microbiology
Liang Zheng, Xianhe Wang, Dexuan Guo, Jinglong Cao, Lixin Cheng, Xingzhi Li, Dehua Zou, Yating Zhang, Jiaxin Xu, Xuening Wu, Yujiang Shen, Hongyu Wang, Wen Yu, Li Liyang, Lijie Xiao, Baifen Song, Jinzhu Ma, Xinyang Liu, Pengfei Li, Shuyan Xu, Xin Xu, Hua Zhang, Zhijun Wu, Hongwei Cao
Summary: The study found that the PEDV E protein acts as an IFN-α antagonist by inhibiting the RIG-I-mediated signaling pathway, providing insight into how the PEDV E protein evades host innate immune response.
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Woo-Jung Park, Sang-Hoon Han, Dong-Hwi Kim, Young-Jo Song, Joong-Bok Lee, Seung-Yong Park, Chang-Seon Song, Sang-Won Lee, In-Soo Choi
Summary: The study found that TLR3 and RIG-I expression levels significantly increased after CIV infection, and blocking their signals with siRNA could lower IFN-beta expression and potentially suppress CIV replication by affecting MX1 production.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Shengyu Wang, Zhenrong Li, Yaping Chen, Sanli Gao, Junhua Qiao, Haoru Liu, Hong Song, Dishu Ao, Xin Sun
Summary: The mechanism of how multiple host factors modulate the expression of type I interferon induced by viruses is not fully understood. In this study, it was found that ARIH1 enhances the cellular antiviral responses during influenza A virus infection by affecting the degradation of RIG-I through the SQSTM1/p62 signaling pathway.
Article
Immunology
Wenxin Wu, Wei Zhang, Jeremy S. S. Alexandar, J. Leland Booth, Craig A. A. Miller, Chao Xu, Jordan P. P. Metcalf
Summary: A family of short synthetic RNAs has been designed to activate the RIG-I pathway and induce a potent interferon response. In this study, SLR10 administration protected mice from influenza virus infection, both in non-smoking and cigarette smoke-exposed mice. SLR10 treatment promoted M1 macrophage polarization in the lung, suggesting its potential as a therapy for viral infections.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Tong Wang, Fanhua Wei, Zhimin Jiang, Jingwei Song, Chengye Li, Jinhua Liu
Summary: The NS1 protein of influenza A viruses was found to enhance virulence by antagonizing host innate anti-viral responses. It was identified that the 14-3-3 epsilon protein interacts with NS1 and prevents the expression of IFN-beta, thereby inhibiting the immune response.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jacob Thyrsted, Jacob Storgaard, Julia Blay-Cadanet, Alexander Heinz, Anne Laugaard Thielke, Stefania Crotta, Frank de Paoli, David Olagnier, Andreas Wack, Karsten Hiller, Anne Louise Hansen, Christian Kanstrup Holm
Summary: In this study, the researchers demonstrated that both Influenza A virus (IAV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) induce distinct metabolic changes in human airway epithelium, with lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) playing a key role in regulating type I interferon responses and promoting IAV replication. The findings suggest that LDHA and lactate promote IAV replication by inhibiting MAVS-dependent induction of type I IFN in primary human airway epithelium, highlighting a potential target for future antiviral strategies.
Article
Fisheries
Ji Liu, Yixuan He, Yujia Miao, Chushan Dai, Jun Yan, Meiling Liu, Jun Zou, Hao Feng
Summary: In this study, two variants of RIG-I, bcRIG-Ia and bcRIG-Ib, were identified in black carp. Over-expression of bcRIG-Ib, but not bcRIG-Ia, induced the transcription of IFN promoter and improved antiviral activity. Site mutation analysis revealed that phenylalanine (F)-28 was crucial for bcRIG-Ib oligomerization and its mediated IFN signaling.
DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yasuha Arai, Itaru Yamanaka, Toru Okamoto, Ayana Isobe, Naomi Nakai, Naoko Kamimura, Tatsuya Suzuki, Tomo Daidoji, Takao Ono, Takaaki Nakaya, Kazuhiko Matsumoto, Daisuke Okuzaki, Yohei Watanabe
Summary: Patients with severe COVID-19 exhibit elevated levels of cytokines and delayed interferon response. The study finds that SARS-CoV-2 generates excessive small viral RNAs encoding the 50 ends of positive-sense genes, which can stimulate the immune response. It suggests that RIG-I activation by accumulated SARS-CoV-2 50 end svRNAs may contribute to over-exuberant IFN production and the weaker immune response in less pathogenic coronaviruses may be due to lower svRNA production during replication.
Article
Immunology
Anna Kula, Edyta Makuch, Marta Lisowska, Patryk Reniewicz, Tomasz Lipinski, Jakub Siednienko
Summary: Viral infection triggers the innate immune system to produce pro-inflammatory cytokines through pattern recognition receptors. The role of Pellino3 in antibacterial and antiviral response is important but not well understood. This study investigates the involvement of Pellino3 in the RIG-I-dependent signaling pathway during influenza B virus infection. The results suggest that Pellino3 mediates the ubiquitination and degradation of TRAF3, thereby suppressing IRF3 activation and IFNβ production.
Review
Microbiology
Alayna K. Caffrey, Joshua J. Obar
CURRENT OPINION IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2016)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Joshua J. Obar, Tobias M. Hohl, Robert A. Cramer
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Brian S. Sheridan, Joshua J. Obar
JOURNAL OF LEUKOCYTE BIOLOGY
(2016)
Article
Microbiology
Caitlin H. Kowalski, Sarah R. Beattie, Kevin K. Fuller, Elizabeth A. McGurk, Yi-Wei Tang, Tobias M. Hohl, Joshua J. Obar, Robert A. Cramer
Article
Microbiology
Arsa Thammahong, Alayna K. Caffrey-Card, Sourabh Dhingra, Joshua J. Obar, Robert A. Cramer
Article
Microbiology
Sarah R. Beattie, Kenneth M. K. Mark, Arsa Thammahong, Laure Nicolas Annick Ries, Sourabh Dhingra, Alayna K. Caffrey-Carr, Chao Cheng, Candice C. Black, Paul Bowyer, Michael J. Bromley, Joshua J. Obar, Gustavo H. Goldman, Robert A. Cramer
Article
Immunology
Timothy R. Borgogna, Bennett Hisey, Emily Heitmann, Joshua J. Obar, Nicole Meissner, Jovanka M. Voyich
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2018)
Article
Immunology
Alayna K. Caffrey-Carr, Kimberly M. Hilmer, Caitlin H. Kowalski, Kelly M. Shepardson, Rachel M. Temple, Robert A. Cramer, Joshua J. Obar
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Microbiology
Laure Nicolas Annick Ries, Jacob L. Steenwyk, Patricia Alves de Castro, Pollyne Borborema Almeida de Lima, Fausto Almeida, Leandro Jose de Assis, Adriana Oliveira Manfiolli, Azusa Takahashi-Nakaguchi, Yoko Kusuya, Daisuke Hagiwara, Hiroki Takahashi, Xi Wang, Joshua J. Obar, Antonis Rokas, Gustavo H. Goldman
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2019)
Editorial Material
Immunology
Joshua J. Obar, Agostinho Carvalho, Joana Vitte, Stephane Ranque
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Immunology
Xi Wang, Alayna K. Caffrey-Carr, Ko-Wei Liu, Vanessa Espinosa, Walburga Croteau, Sourabh Dhingra, Amariliz Rivera, Robert A. Cramer, Joshua J. Obar
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2020)
Review
Microbiology
Joshua J. Obar
CURRENT OPINION IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Microbiology
Jane T. Jones, Ko-Wei Liu, Xi Wang, Caitlin H. Kowalski, Brandon S. Ross, Kathleen A. M. Mills, Joshua D. Kerkaert, Tobias M. Hohl, Lotus A. Lofgren, Jason E. Stajich, Joshua J. Obar, Robert A. Cramer
Summary: This study identified a strain of A. fumigatus, W72310, resistant to leukocyte killing, that can persist in the mouse lung long-term and elicit features of ABPA-like disease.
Article
Immunology
Alayna K. Caffrey-Carr, Caitlin H. Kowalski, Sarah R. Beattie, Nathan A. Blaseg, Chanell R. Upshaw, Arsa Thammahong, Hannah E. Lust, Yi-Wei Tang, Tobias M. Hohl, Robert A. Cramer, Joshua J. Obar
INFECTION AND IMMUNITY
(2017)
Article
Immunology
Vanessa Espinosa, Orchi Dutta, Constance McElrath, Peicheng Du, Yun-Juan Chang, Bryan Cicciarelli, Amy Pitler, Ian Whitehead, Joshua J. Obar, Joan E. Durbin, Sergei V. Kotenko, Amariliz Rivera
SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY
(2017)