Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation in Crowded Environments

Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation of Histone Proteins in Cells: Role in Chromatin Organization

(2020) Anisha Shakya et al.   BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL

A Guide to Regulation of the Formation of Biomolecular Condensates

(2020) Anna Bratek‐Skicki et al.   FEBS Journal

G3BP1 Is a Tunable Switch that Triggers Phase Separation to Assemble Stress Granules

(2020) Peiguo Yang et al.   CELL

RNA-Induced Conformational Switching and Clustering of G3BP Drive Stress Granule Assembly by Condensation

(2020) Jordina Guillén-Boixet et al.   CELL

FXR1 splicing is important for muscle development and biomolecular condensates in muscle cells

(2020) Jean A. Smith et al.   JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY

Roles of the BRD4 short isoform in phase separation and active gene transcription

(2020) Xinye Han et al.   NATURE STRUCTURAL & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

RNA contributions to the form and function of biomolecular condensates

(2020) Christine Roden et al.   NATURE REVIEWS MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY

Clusters of bacterial RNA polymerase are biomolecular condensates that assemble through liquid–liquid phase separation

(2020) Anne-Marie Ladouceur et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Principles of Stress Granules Revealed by Imaging Approaches

(2019) Briana Van Treeck et al.   Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology

A gel phase promotes condensation of liquid P granules in Caenorhabditis elegans embryos

(2019) Andrea Putnam et al.   NATURE STRUCTURAL & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Impact of Macromolecular Crowding and Compression on Protein–Protein Interactions and Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation Phenomena

(2019) Karin Julius et al.   MACROMOLECULES

Considerations and Challenges in Studying Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation and Biomolecular Condensates

(2019) Simon Alberti et al.   CELL

Emergent functions of proteins in non-stoichiometric supramolecular assemblies

(2019) Rita Pancsa et al.   BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS

Physicochemical Characterization of Polymer‐stabilized Coacervate Protocells

(2019) N. Amy Yewdall et al.   CHEMBIOCHEM

Arabidopsis FLL2 promotes liquid–liquid phase separation of polyadenylation complexes

(2019) Xiaofeng Fang et al.   NATURE

Spontaneous driving forces give rise to protein−RNA condensates with coexisting phases and complex material properties

(2019) Steven Boeynaems et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Narrow equilibrium window for complex coacervation of tau and RNA under cellular conditions

(2019) Yanxian Lin et al.   eLife

Nascent Pre-rRNA Sorting via Phase Separation Drives the Assembly of Dense Fibrillar Components in the Human Nucleolus

(2019) Run-Wen Yao et al.   MOLECULAR CELL

Pol II phosphorylation regulates a switch between transcriptional and splicing condensates

(2019) Yang Eric Guo et al.   NATURE

Three archetypical classes of macromolecular regulators of protein liquid–liquid phase separation

(2019) Archishman Ghosh et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

EFhd2 Affects Tau Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation

(2019) Irving E. Vega et al.   Frontiers in Neuroscience

Quantifying Dynamics in Phase-Separated Condensates Using Fluorescence Recovery after Photobleaching

(2019) Nicole O. Taylor et al.   BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL

TDP-43 and FUS–structural insights into RNA recognition and self-association

(2019) Fionna E Loughlin et al.   CURRENT OPINION IN STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY

In Aqua Veritas: The Indispensable yet Mostly Ignored Role of Water in Phase Separation and Membrane-less Organelles

(2018) Boris Y. Zaslavsky et al.   BIOCHEMISTRY

Intrinsically Disordered Protein Exhibits Both Compaction and Expansion under Macromolecular Crowding

(2018) Anthony Banks et al.   BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL

Phase Separation of FUS Is Suppressed by Its Nuclear Import Receptor and Arginine Methylation

(2018) Mario Hofweber et al.   CELL

A Molecular Grammar Governing the Driving Forces for Phase Separation of Prion-like RNA Binding Proteins

(2018) Jie Wang et al.   CELL

FUS Phase Separation Is Modulated by a Molecular Chaperone and Methylation of Arginine Cation-π Interactions

(2018) Seema Qamar et al.   CELL

RGG/RG Motif Regions in RNA Binding and Phase Separation

(2018) P. Andrew Chong et al.   JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Functional Domains of NEAT1 Architectural lncRNA Induce Paraspeckle Assembly through Phase Separation

(2018) Tomohiro Yamazaki et al.   MOLECULAR CELL

RNA buffers the phase separation behavior of prion-like RNA binding proteins

(2018) Shovamayee Maharana et al.   SCIENCE

mRNA structure determines specificity of a polyQ-driven phase separation

(2018) Erin M. Langdon et al.   SCIENCE

Impact of macromolecular crowding on RNA/spermine complex coacervation and oligonucleotide compartmentalization

(2018) A. M. Marianelli et al.   Soft Matter

Protein Phase Separation: A New Phase in Cell Biology

(2018) Steven Boeynaems et al.   TRENDS IN CELL BIOLOGY

Self-interaction of NPM1 modulates multiple mechanisms of liquid–liquid phase separation

(2018) Diana M. Mitrea et al.   Nature Communications

TIA-1 Self-Multimerization, Phase Separation, and Recruitment into Stress Granules Are Dynamically Regulated by Zn 2+

(2018) Joseph B. Rayman et al.   Cell Reports

Intrinsically Disordered Regions Can Contribute Promiscuous Interactions to RNP Granule Assembly

(2018) David S.W. Protter et al.   Cell Reports

Intrinsically disordered proteins in crowded milieu: when chaos prevails within the cellular gumbo

(2018) Alexander V. Fonin et al.   CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES

Methods for Physical Characterization of Phase-Separated Bodies and Membrane-less Organelles

(2018) Diana M. Mitrea et al.   JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Cancer Mutations of the Tumor Suppressor SPOP Disrupt the Formation of Active, Phase-Separated Compartments

(2018) Jill J. Bouchard et al.   MOLECULAR CELL

Poly(ADP-Ribose) Prevents Pathological Phase Separation of TDP-43 by Promoting Liquid Demixing and Stress Granule Localization

(2018) Leeanne McGurk et al.   MOLECULAR CELL

Controllable protein phase separation and modular recruitment to form responsive membraneless organelles

(2018) Benjamin S. Schuster et al.   Nature Communications

Liquid–liquid phase separation in artificial cells

(2018) Charles D. Crowe et al.   Interface Focus

Molecular crowding facilitates assembly of spidroin-like proteins through phase separation

(2018) Laura Lemetti et al.   EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL

Highly disordered histone H1−DNA model complexes and their condensates

(2018) Abigail L. Turner et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Compositional adaptability in NPM1-SURF6 scaffolding networks enabled by dynamic switching of phase separation mechanisms

(2018) Mylene C. Ferrolino et al.   Nature Communications

The wisdom of crowds: regulating cell function through condensed states of living matter

(2017) Simon Alberti   JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE

Hierarchical Self-Assembly of a Copolymer-Stabilized Coacervate Protocell

(2017) Alexander F. Mason et al.   JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY

Phase Separation of C9orf72 Dipeptide Repeats Perturbs Stress Granule Dynamics

(2017) Steven Boeynaems et al.   MOLECULAR CELL

RNA phase transitions in repeat expansion disorders

(2017) Ankur Jain et al.   NATURE

Biomolecular condensates: organizers of cellular biochemistry

(2017) Salman F. Banani et al.   NATURE REVIEWS MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY

Structural and hydrodynamic properties of an intrinsically disordered region of a germ cell-specific protein on phase separation

(2017) Jacob P. Brady et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Liquid phase condensation in cell physiology and disease

(2017) Yongdae Shin et al.   SCIENCE

Liquid–liquid phase separation of the microtubule-binding repeats of the Alzheimer-related protein Tau

(2017) Susmitha Ambadipudi et al.   Nature Communications

Intrinsically disordered linkers determine the interplay between phase separation and gelation in multivalent proteins

(2017) Tyler S Harmon et al.   eLife

Compositional Control of Phase-Separated Cellular Bodies

(2016) Salman F. Banani et al.   CELL

Coexisting Liquid Phases Underlie Nucleolar Subcompartments

(2016) Marina Feric et al.   CELL

Phase separation in biology; functional organization of a higher order

(2016) Diana M. Mitrea et al.   Cell Communication and Signaling

Liquid–liquid phase separation in cellular signaling systems

(2016) P Andrew Chong et al.   CURRENT OPINION IN STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY

RNA-Based Coacervates as a Model for Membraneless Organelles: Formation, Properties, and Interfacial Liposome Assembly

(2016) William M. Aumiller et al.   LANGMUIR

Sequence Determinants of Intracellular Phase Separation by Complex Coacervation of a Disordered Protein

(2016) Chi W. Pak et al.   MOLECULAR CELL

Membraneless organelles can melt nucleic acid duplexes and act as biomolecular filters

(2016) Timothy J. Nott et al.   Nature Chemistry

Macromolecular Crowding In Vitro , In Vivo , and In Between

(2016) Germán Rivas et al.   TRENDS IN BIOCHEMICAL SCIENCES

Principles and Properties of Stress Granules

(2016) David S.W. Protter et al.   TRENDS IN CELL BIOLOGY

Nucleophosmin integrates within the nucleolus via multi-modal interactions with proteins displaying R-rich linear motifs and rRNA

(2016) Diana M Mitrea et al.   eLife

Distinct stages in stress granule assembly and disassembly

(2016) Joshua R Wheeler et al.   eLife

Phase Separation by Low Complexity Domains Promotes Stress Granule Assembly and Drives Pathological Fibrillization

(2015) Amandine Molliex et al.   CELL

A Liquid-to-Solid Phase Transition of the ALS Protein FUS Accelerated by Disease Mutation

(2015) Avinash Patel et al.   CELL

Phase Transition of Spindle-Associated Protein Regulate Spindle Apparatus Assembly

(2015) Hao Jiang et al.   CELL

Inverse Size Scaling of the Nucleolus by a Concentration-Dependent Phase Transition

(2015) Stephanie C. Weber et al.   CURRENT BIOLOGY

Prion-like domains in RNA binding proteins are essential for building subnuclear paraspeckles

(2015) Sven Hennig et al.   JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY

How can biochemical reactions within cells differ from those in test tubes?

(2015) A. P. Minton   JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE

Associative Interactions in Crowded Solutions of Biopolymers Counteract Depletion Effects

(2015) Joost Groen et al.   JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY

RNA Controls PolyQ Protein Phase Transitions

(2015) Huaiying Zhang et al.   MOLECULAR CELL

Formation and Maturation of Phase-Separated Liquid Droplets by RNA-Binding Proteins

(2015) Yuan Lin et al.   MOLECULAR CELL

Phase Transition of a Disordered Nuage Protein Generates Environmentally Responsive Membraneless Organelles

(2015) Timothy J. Nott et al.   MOLECULAR CELL

Beyond the Excluded Volume Effects: Mechanistic Complexity of the Crowded Milieu

(2015) Irina Kuznetsova et al.   MOLECULES

Phosphorylation-mediated RNA/peptide complex coacervation as a model for intracellular liquid organelles

(2015) William M. Aumiller et al.   Nature Chemistry

Macromolecular crowding creates heterogeneous environments of gene expression in picolitre droplets

(2015) Maike M. K. Hansen et al.   Nature Nanotechnology

Conserved interdomain linker promotes phase separation of the multivalent adaptor protein Nck

(2015) Sudeep Banjade et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

The disordered P granule protein LAF-1 drives phase separation into droplets with tunable viscosity and dynamics

(2015) Shana Elbaum-Garfinkle et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

How soft repulsion enhances the depletion mechanism

(2015) Lorenzo Rovigatti et al.   Soft Matter

The Robustness of Proofreading to Crowding-Induced Pseudo-Processivity in the MAPK Pathway

(2014) Thomas E. Ouldridge et al.   BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL

What Macromolecular Crowding Can Do to a Protein

(2014) Irina Kuznetsova et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES

Structural polymorphism in the N-terminal oligomerization domain of NPM1

(2014) D. M. Mitrea et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Single-molecule spectroscopy reveals polymer effects of disordered proteins in crowded environments

(2014) Andrea Soranno et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Direct Observation of Protein Unfolded State Compaction in the Presence of Macromolecular Crowding

(2013) Therese Mikaelsson et al.   BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL

Polymer crowders and protein crowders act similarly on protein folding stability

(2013) Huan-Xiang Zhou   FEBS LETTERS

Influence of crowded cellular environments on protein folding, binding, and oligomerization: Biological consequences and potentials of atomistic modeling

(2013) Huan-Xiang Zhou   FEBS LETTERS

Molecular crowding shapes gene expression in synthetic cellular nanosystems

(2013) Cheemeng Tan et al.   Nature Nanotechnology

Enhanced transcription rates in membrane-free protocells formed by coacervation of cell lysate

(2013) E. Sokolova et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Impact of macromolecular crowding on DNA replication

(2013) Barak Akabayov et al.   Nature Communications

Phase transitions in the assembly of multivalent signalling proteins

(2012) Pilong Li et al.   NATURE

Beyond Stereospecificity: Liquids and Mesoscale Organization of Cytoplasm

(2011) Anthony A. Hyman et al.   DEVELOPMENTAL CELL

Active liquid-like behavior of nucleoli determines their size and shape in Xenopus laevis oocytes

(2011) C. P. Brangwynne et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Models of macromolecular crowding effects and the need for quantitative comparisons with experiment

(2010) Adrian H Elcock   CURRENT OPINION IN STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY

Diffusion, Crowding & Protein Stability in a Dynamic Molecular Model of the Bacterial Cytoplasm

(2010) Sean R. McGuffee et al.   PLoS Computational Biology

Germline P Granules Are Liquid Droplets That Localize by Controlled Dissolution/Condensation

(2009) C. P. Brangwynne et al.   SCIENCE

Macromolecular Crowding and Confinement: Biochemical, Biophysical, and Potential Physiological Consequences

(2008) Huan-Xiang Zhou et al.   Annual Review of Biophysics

Macromolecular crowding and its potential impact on nuclear function

(2008) Karsten Richter et al.   BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH

P bodies promote stress granule assembly inSaccharomyces cerevisiae

(2008) J. Ross Buchan et al.   JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY