Review
Veterinary Sciences
Xilin Liu, Zeeshan Nawaz, Caixia Guo, Sultan Ali, Muhammad Ahsan Naeem, Tariq Jamil, Waqas Ahmad, Muhammad Usman Siddiq, Sarfraz Ahmed, Muhammad Asif Idrees, Ali Ahmad
Summary: This article reviews the pathogenesis of rabies and the interaction between the virus and the cell cytoskeleton. The rabies virus progresses by regulating the polymerization of the cell cytoskeleton and subverting binding proteins, rather than causing neuronal cell death. The P protein of the virus plays a crucial role in this process. The article highlights the importance of understanding the viral-cytoskeleton interaction for developing new therapeutic insights.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Virology
Dahee Seo, Don B. Gammon
Summary: Diverse DNA and RNA viruses utilize cytoskeletal networks to efficiently enter and exit host cells and evade immune responses. Viral microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) play a critical role in manipulating the microtubule (MT) network to facilitate viral replication and immune evasion.
Article
Biophysics
Jesse Howe, Austin Weeks, Patrick Reardon, Elisar Barbar
Summary: A new study reveals that 53BP1 protein has three binding sites for LC8, which is contrary to previous findings. The third site, located near the oligomerization domain of 53BP1, challenges our current understanding of the role of LC8 in the function of 53BP1.
BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Virology
Zhaoyang Jing, Hongyan Shi, Jianfei Chen, Da Shi, Jianbo Liu, Longjun Guo, Jin Tian, Yang Wu, Hui Dong, Zhaoyang Ji, Jiyu Zhang, Liaoyuan Zhang, Xin Zhang, Li Feng
Summary: Rotaviruses utilize microtubule-based dynein transport to facilitate viral infection, viroplasm formation, and viral particle assembly. The dynein intermediate chain (DIC) interacts directly with NSP2, playing a key role in connecting the viroplasm to dynein for fusion events. This study provides new insights into the intracellular transport mechanisms of viroplasms.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Jennifer Gribble, Laura J. Stevens, Maria L. Agostini, Jordan Anderson-Daniels, James D. Chappell, Xiaotao Lu, Andrea J. Pruijssers, Andrew L. Routh, Mark R. Denison
Summary: Recombination is essential for coronavirus diversity and the emergence of new strains. The mechanisms of CoV recombination are not well understood, but studies have shown extensive and diverse recombination products in CoVs during replication. The nsp14-ExoN protein is crucial for native recombination in CoVs, highlighting its potential as a target for inhibitors to control SARS-CoV-2 and future emerging zoonotic CoVs.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tamara Phan, Pallab Maity, Christina Ludwig, Lisa Streit, Jens Michaelis, Miltiadis Tsesmelis, Karin Scharffetter-Kochanek, Sebastian Iben
Summary: TFIIE plays an important role in ribosomal RNA synthesis by RNA polymerase I, and mutations in TFIIE can impair ribosome biogenesis and translational accuracy, leading to loss of protein homeostasis.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michael J. O'Brien, Athar Ansari
Summary: Viral infections depend on host transcription and translation machinery to replicate viral genes and express proteins, with the transcription factor TFIIB frequently targeted by viruses. Direct interactions between viral transcriptional regulators and host TFIIB may offer potential for antiviral therapies.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Virology
Myong Gyu Kim, Trine Gulholm, Kate Lennard, Feras Mirdad, Kristen Overton, Michael Maley, Pamela Konecny, David Andresen, Jeffrey John Post
Summary: The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of viral PCR testing in patients with aseptic meningitis and identify opportunities for improvement in clinical management. The study found that identifying a cause by viral PCR did not reduce hospital length of stay or antibiotic use, but the turnaround time of the PCR test correlated with length of stay. In addition, intravenous acyclovir treatment was more frequent in patients admitted under neurologists than infectious diseases physicians.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiaomei Yin, Kewei Zhang, Juan Wang, Xiangyu Zhou, Cheng Zhang, Xiaoye Song, Zhongyu Wu, Jiannan Du, Qiyue Chen, Shihua Zhang, Wensheng Deng
Summary: The study reveals that RPA12 can regulate RNA polymerase I-mediated transcription and cell proliferation in HeLa cells, but inhibits cell migration.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rongde Qiu, Jun Zhang, Jeremy D. Rotty, Xin Xiang
Summary: Cytoplasmic dynein is activated by the dynactin complex, cargo adapters, and LIS1, with ATP hydrolysis at AAA3 regulating its activation and localization on microtubules. Dynein activation and localization in fungal hyphae depend on the interaction of different regulators, including the Hook protein, dynactin, and LIS1. Blocking ATP hydrolysis at AAA3 can lead to alternative activation pathways for dynein, impacting its interaction with LIS1 and cargo binding.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Ian T. Hull, Enos C. Kline, Gaurav K. Gulati, Jack Henry Kotnik, Nuttada Panpradist, Kamal G. Shah, Qin Wang, Lisa Frenkel, James Lai, Joanne Stekler, Barry R. Lutz
Summary: The study presents a novel quantitative detection method for HIV DNA or RNA using a combination of recombinase polymerase amplification and lateral flow detection technologies, allowing for rapid and accurate testing in low-resource healthcare settings, with the potential to improve the quality of HIV treatment.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Davide Maestri, Giorgia Napoletani, Andrew Kossenkov, Sarah Preston-Alp, Lisa B. Caruso, Italo Tempera
Summary: This study found that PARP1 affects the binding of CTCF/Cohesin, leading to disruption of the three-dimensional structure of EBV and altered viral gene expression. Additionally, different types of EBV latency exhibit distinct three-dimensional structures and variations in viral gene expression. The study also revealed differences in H3K27ac-enriched interactions and a link between the EBV genome and the human genome in cellular transformation.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Virology
Alexandra Cerqueira de Araujo, Matthieu Leobold, Annie Bezier, Karine Musset, Rustem Uzbekov, Anne-Nathalie Volkoff, Jean-Michel Drezen, Elisabeth Huguet, Thibaut Josse
Summary: This study demonstrates the conservation of viral RNA polymerase function in the endogenized nudivirus genome of a Campopleginae parasitoid wasp, similar to endogenized nudiviruses in braconid parasitoid wasps. The study also shows the successful use of RNA interference (RNAi) to downregulate gene expression in this species, which provides opportunities to investigate the function of genes involved in other important traits for parasitism success. The acquired data on gene function in Venturia canescens are likely transferable to other parasitoid wasp species used in biological control programs. Furthermore, this study opens up possibilities for the investigation of other nudivirus gene functions, for which there is limited data available.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Janani Madhuravasal Krishnan, Rama Rajagopal, Dhanurekha Lakshmipathy, Shweta Agarwal, A. Anand, Lily Therese, Aishwarya Thangam, Hajib Narahari Rao Madhavan
Summary: This study aimed to detect the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV), cytomegalovirus, and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in pterygium tissue using PCR. Among the 35 tissue specimens analyzed, one was positive for EBV and two were positive for HPV. However, no detectable copy number of EBV or HPV was found, indicating that the role of these viruses in pterygium pathogenesis is not significant.
INDIAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Amrita Kumari, Chandan Kumar, Rajaiah Pergu, Megha Kumar, Sagar P. Mahale, Neeraj Wasnik, Sivaram V. S. Mylavarapu
Summary: Mitotic phosphorylation of LIC1-CTD at its three cdk1 sites is essential for proper mitotic progression, dynein loading onto prometaphase kinetochores, and spindle assembly checkpoint inactivation in human cells. Phosphorylation also promotes the binding of Pin1 to Hook2dynein-Nde1-Lis1 complexes, affecting various aspects of mitotic processes.
JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Sten Calvelage, Niina Tammiranta, Tiina Nokireki, Tuija Gadd, Elisa Eggerbauer, Luca M. Zaeck, Madlin Potratz, Claudia Wylezich, Dirk Hoeper, Thomas Mueller, Stefan Finke, Conrad M. Freuling
Summary: A new bat lyssavirus, Kotalahti bat lyssavirus (KBLV), was identified with high genetic similarity to EBLV-2, KHUV, and BBLV. It is classified as phylogroup I lyssavirus and likely associated with Brandt's bat, fulfilling criteria for species demarcation. Cross-neutralization studies suggest that conventional rabies vaccines may provide protection against KBLV.
Article
Immunology
Verena te Kamp, Virginia Friedrichs, Conrad M. Freuling, Ad Vos, Madlin Potratz, Antonia Klein, Luca M. Zaeck, Elisa Eggerbauer, Peter Schuster, Christian Kaiser, Steffen Ortmann, Antje Kretzschmar, Katharina Bobe, Michael R. Knittler, Anca Dorhoi, Stefan Finke, Thomas Mueller
Summary: Live genetically-engineered oral rabies virus variant SPBN GASGAS induces long-lasting immunity and protection in foxes. Differences in immune responses and protection levels were observed between different routes of administration, with the orally administered vaccine showing a weaker cellular immune response.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
E. Heilmann, J. Kimpel, B. Hofer, A. Roessler, I. Blaas, L. Egerer, T. Nolden, C. Urbiola, H. G. Kraeusslich, G. Wollmann, D. von Laer
Summary: This study presents a regulatory switch for RNA viruses that allows control over viral activity using clinically approved HIV protease inhibitors.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Olga Shomron, Inbar Nevo-Yassaf, Tamar Aviad, Yakey Yaffe, Eitan Erez Zahavi, Anna Dukhovny, Eran Perlson, Ilya Brodsky, Adva Yeheskel, Metsada Pasmanik-Chor, Anna Mironov, Galina Beznoussenko, Alexander A. Mironov, Ella H. Sklan, George H. Patterson, Yoji Yonemura, Mara Sannai, Christoph Kaether, Koret Hirschberg
Summary: The study reveals a novel mode of function for COPII in cargo export from the ER by facilitating selective cargo concentration at the boundary between ER and ER exit sites. COPII plays a crucial role in cargo selection and concentration, rather than simply coating Golgi-bound carriers.
JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Sten Calvelage, Conrad M. Freuling, Anthony R. Fooks, Dirk Hoeper, Denise A. Marston, Lorraine McElhinney, Thomas Bruun Rasmussen, Stefan Finke, Martin Beer, Thomas Mueller
Summary: European bat lyssavirus type 1 (EBLV-1) is the main causative agent of rabies in European bats. A study utilizing high-throughput sequencing on archived Danish EBLV-1 samples revealed they belong to the EBLV-1a subtype, and indicated a close phylogenetic relationship with Dutch and German isolates in the region. This study emphasized the importance of full-genome phylogenetic analyses for understanding genetic geography of lyssaviruses.
Article
Virology
Luca M. Zaeck, David Scheibner, Julia Sehl, Martin Muller, Donata Hoffmann, Martin Beer, Elsayed M. Abdelwhab, Thomas C. Mettenleiter, Angele Breithaupt, Stefan Finke
Summary: This study demonstrates the utility of volumetric three-dimensional immunofluorescence imaging to investigate host-pathogen interactions of SARS-CoV-2 in ferrets, providing detailed quantification of infection foci and suggesting clustering of infection foci in close proximity. The study presents the first specific 3D visualization of SARS-CoV-2 infection, providing valuable insights into spatial tissue morphology of critically important respiratory pathogens.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Roy Maimon, Lior Ankol, Tal Gradus Pery, Topaz Altman, Ariel Ionescu, Romana Weissova, Michael Ostrovsky, Elizabeth Tank, Gayster Alexandra, Natalia Shelestovich, Yarden Opatowsky, Amir Dori, Sami Barmada, Martin Balastik, Eran Perlson
Summary: The study demonstrates that subcellular changes in CRMP4 levels promote MN loss in ALS, possibly by increased interaction with the retrograde motor protein dynein. Blocking this interaction reduces MN loss in human-derived MNs and ALS model mice, suggesting a novel CRMP4-dependent retrograde death signal underlying MN loss in ALS.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Krishna Das, Elodie Belnoue, Matteo Rossi, Tamara Hofer, Sarah Danklmaier, Tobias Nolden, Liesa-Marie Schreiber, Katharina Angerer, Janine Kimpel, Sandra Hoegler, Bart Spiesschaert, Lukas Kenner, Dorothee von Laer, Knut Elbers, Madiha Derouazi, Guido Wollmann
Summary: The combination of a self-adjuvanting protein vaccine and an antigen-expressing oncolytic virus significantly enhances T cell immunogenicity, potentially making non-inflamed tumors proinflammatory and less resistant to checkpoint blockade therapy. Therapeutic cancer vaccination in combination with oncolytic viruses can elicit tumor-specific cytotoxic T cells that offer opportunities to address resistance to checkpoint blockade therapy.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Kanika Vanshylla, Chengcheng Fan, Marie Wunsch, Nareshkumar Poopalasingam, Matthijs Meijers, Christoph Kreer, Franziska Kleipass, Denis Ruchnewitz, Meryem S. Ercanoglu, Henning Gruell, Friederike Muenn, Kai Pohl, Hanna Janicki, Tobias Nolden, Simone Bartl, Saskia C. Stein, Max Augustin, Felix Dewald, Lutz Gieselmann, Philipp Schommers, Thomas F. Schulz, Leif Erik Sander, Manuel Koch, Marta Luksza, Michael Laessig, Pamela J. Bjorkman, Florian Klein
Summary: This study analyzed single B cells from 10 COVID-19 convalescent individuals and identified 126 monoclonal antibodies. Some of these antibodies showed cross-reactivity to SARS-CoV-1 and other related coronaviruses. Multiple broadly neutralizing antibodies were found to effectively neutralize different variants of SARS-CoV-2, including emerging escape variants.
CELL HOST & MICROBE
(2022)
Article
Virology
Sabine Nitschel, Luca M. Zaeck, Madlin Potratz, Tobias Nolden, Verena te Kamp, Kati Franzke, Dirk Hoeper, Florian Pfaff, Stefan Finke
Summary: The study investigated the adaptation of field rabies virus to cell culture replication, revealing that adaptive mutations could be acquired through passages to overcome replication bottlenecks in cell culture. The limited release of infectious virus at the plasma membrane was identified as a defined characteristic of highly virulent field rabies viruses.
Review
Virology
Lena Feige, Luca M. Zaeck, Julia Sehl-Ewert, Stefan Finke, Herve Bourhy
Summary: The environment of the central nervous system plays a dual role in viral infections, restricting the infectious route for viral pathogens while providing a beneficial neural environment for viruses after CNS entry. Different viruses like HSV and RABV use retrograde transport along peripheral nerves to enter the CNS, with each virus causing distinct outcomes once inside the CNS parenchyma.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Antonia Klein, Elisa Eggerbauer, Madlin Potratz, Luca M. Zaeck, Sten Calvelage, Stefan Finke, Thomas Mueller, Conrad M. Freuling
Summary: Research found a high diversity among bat-related lyssavirus isolates in terms of survival, incubation period, and clinical signs. Different lyssavirus species showed variations in pathogenic potential, and virus shedding significantly differed between different lyssaviruses.
PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Bar Cohen, Topaz Altman, Adi Golani-Armon, Anca F. Savulescu, Amjd Ibraheem, Musa M. Mhlanga, Eran Perlson, Yoav S. Arava
Summary: Nuclear-encoded mitochondrial protein mRNAs have been found to be localized and locally translated within neuronal processes. The co-transport of Cox7c mRNA with mitochondria in motor neuron axons was observed, with the coding region being the key domain for the co-transport.
JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Ariel Ionescu, Topaz Altman, Eran Perlson
Summary: Axon degeneration and NMJ disruption are crucial in ALS, but the mechanisms leading to these pathologies remain unclear. TDP-43 mislocalization and accumulation are common in ALS patients and have been observed in intramuscular nerves of early symptomatic patients. This suggests a gain of function for TDP-43 in axons, potentially contributing to early NMJ disruption. This review discusses the process of TDP-43 accumulation and phosphorylation in axons, its role in healthy axons, and possible mechanisms connecting TDP-43 pathology to axon and NMJ degeneration in ALS.
MOLECULAR NEURODEGENERATION
(2023)
Article
Virology
Martin Mueller, Kerstin Fischer, Elisabeth Woehnke, Luca M. Zaeck, Christoph Proennecke, Michael R. Knittler, Axel Karger, Sandra Diederich, Stefan Finke
Summary: This study reveals that Nipah virus infection and spread in differentiated respiratory tract epithelial cells induces significant inflammation and immune response in pigs, which contributes to efficient airborne transmission between pigs.