Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hui-Na Zou, Meng-Lin Huang, Ming-Yao Huang, Yu-Xuan Su, Jing-Wei Zhang, Xin-Yu Zhang, Shou-Fei Zhu
Summary: Chiral fluorinated reagents offer new opportunities for drug and functional material discovery due to the significant impact of fluorinated groups on a molecule's properties. Chiral gem-difluoroalkyl fragments are crucial motifs in many drugs, but their limited availability hinders their applications. This study presents two types of chiral gem-difluoroalkyl reagents, chiral gem-difluoroalkyl propargylic borons and gem-difluoroalkyl & alpha;-allenols, synthesized through rhodium-catalyzed B-H bond insertion reactions and Lewis acid-promoted allenylation reactions. The mild and simple synthesis method has a broad substrate scope and good functional group tolerance. These reagents, containing easily transformable boron and alkynyl or allenyl moieties, could facilitate the rapid construction of chiral molecules with gem-difluoroalkyl fragments, opening up new possibilities for the discovery of chiral gem-difluoroalkyl drugs and other functional molecules.
Article
Business, Finance
Moustafa Abuelfadl, Ehab Yamani
Summary: The study reveals a significant negative impact of currency news on international government bond markets, with abnormal bond returns remaining significantly negative even after controlling for macroeconomic variables. The findings suggest that currency news plays a role in changing the performance of bond markets, providing essential insights for professional traders, policymakers, and academic researchers.
NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS AND FINANCE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Oscar Lucia
Summary: This article provides information about the conference mentioned above.
IEEE INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS MAGAZINE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Baojian Xiong, Xuemeng Chen, Jiangjun Liu, Xuemei Zhang, Ying Xia, Zhong Lian
Summary: A cross-electrophile coupling between gem-difluorinated cyclopropanes and 2,2-difluorovinyl tosylate is achieved via dual Ni/Pd cooperative catalysis, leading to structurally unique organofluorine compounds with high (Z)-selectivity and good yields. The practical utility of this method is demonstrated by the late-stage modification of a series of complex bioactive molecules.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Seon-Woo Kim, Martina Santia, Raymond J. Pingree, Ayla J. Oden, Kirill J. Bryanov, Jessica J. Wyers
Summary: International news is not only informative about other countries, but also offers insights on how one's own country can benefit from successful policies implemented elsewhere. Comparing policies of different countries on the same issue, known as international policy comparison news, is an important but understudied form of news content. A study conducted on the COVID-19 pandemic policies of the U.S. and South Korea found that exposure to news comparing these policies increased knowledge of policy differences, support for similar policies in the U.S., blamed the U.S. president for the severity of the pandemic, and increased trust in health experts. These effects were consistent across different political party affiliations, which is encouraging considering the polarized nature of policy debates on this issue.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hao-Wen Li, Yun-Cheng Luo, Ling-Chao Yu, Xingang Zhang
Summary: A palladium-catalyzed gem-difluoroallylation of propargyl sulfonates with gem-difluoroallylboron has been developed, providing a synthetic route to 3,3-difluoro-skipped 1,5-enynes with high efficiency and regioselectivity. The resulting products can serve as versatile synthons for diversified transformations and have potential applications in medicinal chemistry.
CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Songlin Yan, Weijie Yu, Jianye Zhang, Hongmei Fan, Zhifeng Lu, Zhenming Zhang, Tao Wang
Summary: An organic photoredox-catalyzed gem-difluoroallylation of alpha-trifluoromethyl alkenes with alkyl iodides via C-F bond cleavage for the synthesis of gem-difluoroalkene derivatives is reported. The transition-metal-free transformation utilized a readily available organic dye as the sole photocatalyst and provided good to high yields with a variety of iodides, including primary, secondary, and tertiary alkyl iodides.
JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Nadim Eghbarieh, Nicole Hanania, Alon Zamir, Molhm Nassir, Tamar Stein, Ahmad Masarwa
Summary: Although gem-diborylalkenes are valuable reagents in organic synthesis, their use as dienophile-reactive groups has been rare. The Diels-Alder reactions of gem-diborylalkenes provide an efficient method for stereoselective conversion to access 1,1-bisborylcyclohexenes and other compounds lacking efficient synthetic pathways. DFT calculations provide insight into the factors controlling the selectivity of these reactions, with potential applications in organoboron synthesis and polymerization reactions.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Shams Ul Arfeen Laghari, Selvakumar Manickam, Ayman Khallel Al-Ani, Mahmood A. A. Al-Shareeda, Shankar Karuppayah
Summary: Industry 4.0 has achieved significant success in the manufacturing sector, but it has also made industrial systems more vulnerable to cyberattacks. This research proposes an efficient security mechanism called ES-SECS/GEM to protect against cyberattacks and ensure authentication and message integrity.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Alexey L. Trifonov, Alexander D. Dilman
Summary: A metal-free one-pot process for the gem-difluoroolefination of amides is presented, where the reaction involves the interaction between in situ generated alpha-chloroiminium salts and difluorinated phosphorus ylide formed from difluorocarbene and triphenylphosphine. The olefination proceeds via nucleophile-assisted dephosphorylation and takes place within one hour at low temperature. The gem-difluoroenamines obtained can be further transformed into a variety of fluoroalkylated amines.
CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Toshiyuki Itoh, Shuichi Hayase, Toshiki Nokami
Summary: The incorporation of fluorine atoms into an organic compound can alter its reactivity or activity due to the strong electron withdrawing nature of fluorine. This paper discusses the synthesis of gem-difluorinated compounds in four sections: synthesis of optically active-gem-difluorocyclopropanes, synthesis of selectively gem-difluorinated compounds, synthesis of 2,2-difluorinated esters, and synthesis of gem-difluorinated compounds via ring-opening of gem-difluorocyclopropanes. The results show the potential applications of these compounds in liquid crystals, DNA cleavage activity, and investigating pheromone recognition.
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Carsten Bolm, Xianliang Wang, Chenyang Wang
Summary: Deprotonated sulfoximines react with 1-trifluoromethylalkenes at ambient temperature, yielding N- or C-gemdifluoroalkenylated products. The optimal conditions involve the use of a superbasic system NaOH in dimethyl sulfoxide. The reactions exhibit broad substrate scope and medium to high yields. Scale-up experiments of both the N- and C-gem-difluoroalkenylations proceeded well. Additionally, treatment of a N-difluoroallyl sulfoximine with an aryl thiol under dioxygen afforded the corresponding oxygenated addition product.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yu-Tao Zhao, Yu-Xuan Su, Xiao-Yu Li, Liang-Liang Yang, Ming-Yao Huang, Shou-Fei Zhu
Summary: A reliable method for synthesizing chiral gem-diarylmethine boron compounds with high yield, high activity, high enantioselectivity, and broad functional group tolerance has been reported. The borane compounds synthesized by this method can be efficiently transformed into various derivatives with good stereospecificity. Mechanistic studies suggest that the coordination of the borane adduct to the rhodium catalyst interferes with the decomposition of the diazomethane, and that insertion of a rhodium carbene into the B-H bond is likely the rate-determining step.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Peng-Peng Lin, Long-Ling Huang, Si-Xin Feng, Shuang Yang, Honggen Wang, Zhi-Shu Huang, Qingjiang Li
Summary: A new method for the synthesis of 2-arylsubstituted gem-difluorocyclobutanes is reported in this study, which exhibits good functional group tolerance and moderate to good yields.
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Yue Zhao, Claire Empel, Wenjing Liang, Rene M. Koenig, Frederic W. Patureau
Summary: In this study, an unprecedented gem-difluoroallylation reaction of aryl sulfonium salts formed by direct functionalization was described. The method showed mild reaction conditions, wide applicability, and excellent selectivity.
