Review
Cell Biology
Vanina Romanello, Marco Sandri
Summary: The continuous reshaping of mitochondria through fusion and fission events is crucial for maintaining mitochondrial quality and function in response to energy and stress changes. Functional and interconnected mitochondrial networks ensure efficient energy production and adapt to metabolic demands. However, excessive fusion or fission disrupts mitochondrial network integrity and activates retrograde signaling, leading to muscle atrophy and whole-body disturbances. This is mediated by the secretion of mitochondrial-stress myokines. This review summarizes recent discoveries on the role of mitochondrial fusion and fission in controlling muscle mass and physiological homeostasis.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lisa Tilokani, Fiona M. Russell, Stevie Hamilton, Daniel M. Virga, Mayuko Segawa, Vincent Paupe, Anja V. Gruszczyk, Margherita Protasoni, Luis -Carlos Tabara, Mark Johnson, Hanish Anand, Michael P. Murphy, D. Grahame Hardie, Franck Polleux, Julien Prudent
Summary: This study identifies MTFR1L as a critical mitochondrial protein that transduces AMPK-dependent metabolic changes through regulation of mitochondrial dynamics. The phosphorylation of MTFR1L by AMPK controls its function in regulating mitochondrial morphology and stress-induced AMPK-dependent mitochondrial fragmentation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Paola Lenzi, Rosangela Ferese, Francesca Biagioni, Federica Fulceri, Carla L. Busceti, Alessandra Falleni, Stefano Gambardella, Alessandro Frati, Francesco Fornai
Summary: The study reveals that GBM cells exhibit mitochondrial alterations associated with mTOR overexpression and autophagy suppression, and the administration of mTOR inhibitor rapamycin can rescue these mitochondrial alterations. Rapamycin induces the expression of genes promoting mitophagy and mitochondrial fission, along with increased expression of VPS34, restoring healthy mitochondria in GBM cells. The findings provide novel evidence about mitochondria in GBM and suggest a potential therapeutic approach through mTOR inhibition to restore healthy mitochondria.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Emmanouil Zacharioudakis, Evripidis Gavathiotis
Summary: The importance of mitochondrial dynamics, specifically fusion and fission, in regulating cellular functions and fitness has been well established. Aberrant fusion or fission resulting from dysregulated mitochondrial dynamics proteins is associated with various pathologies, but pharmacological targeting of these proteins is complex. Recent studies have provided insights into the regulatory mechanisms of fusion and fission proteins, leading to the discovery of pharmacological modulators with therapeutic potential. These advances present exciting opportunities for the development of prototype therapeutics for multiple diseases.
TRENDS IN PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jinling Wang, Xiufu Lin, Ningning Zhao, Guanping Dong, Wei Wu, Ke Huang, Junfen Fu
Summary: Obesity has become a pressing public health challenge worldwide, with a particularly noticeable increase in China. Cellular energy metabolism imbalance is closely associated with obesity, and mitochondria, as the main organelles for energy metabolism, play a crucial role in obesity's pathophysiology. Recent research has demonstrated that alterations in mitochondrial dynamics can lead to obesity by affecting mitochondrial structure, organelle connections, reactive oxygen species production, neuronal activity, and thermogenesis in adipose tissue.
FRONTIERS IN BIOSCIENCE-LANDMARK
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Amanda J. Lin, Amit U. Joshi, Riddhita Mukherjee, Carly A. Tompkins, Vijith Vijayan, Daria Mochly-Rosen, Bereketeab Haileselassie
Summary: This study found that inhibiting the phosphorylation of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) mediated by protein kinase C, subunit delta (delta PKC) can alleviate excessive mitochondrial fission and mitochondrial dysfunction caused by bacterial-derived lipopolysaccharide stimulation, and reduce the pro-inflammatory response.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Elizabeth O. Akinbiyi, Lara K. Abramowitz, Brianna L. Bauer, Maria S. K. Stoll, Charles L. Hoppel, Chao-Pin Hsiao, John A. Hanover, Jason A. Mears
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of O-GlcNAcylation on mitochondrial dynamics and function, revealing that in a high O-GlcNAcylation environment, mitochondria decrease in size but increase in number, showing comparable mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation activity. Additionally, the study found that O-GlcNAcylation affects mitochondrial dynamics and the activity of electron transport chain complexes.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Le Wang, Xin Huang, Taiqiang Dai, Jirong Xie, Qian-xin Lv, Yan Hou, Liang Kong, Yu Song, Fuwei Liu
Summary: This study investigated the impact of nano titanium surface on the mitochondrial fission-fusion dynamics of osteoblasts, revealing the crucial role of DRP1 and the significant decrease in osteogenic differentiation when DRP1 is inhibited. The findings provide insights for the design of titanium implant surface structures and highlight the importance of DRP1-regulated mitochondrial dynamics in accelerating osteogenic differentiation.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Shiqun Sun, Wenjun Yu, Haixia Xu, Congye Li, Rongjun Zou, Ne N. Wu, Li Wang, Junbo Ge, Jun Ren, Yingmei Zhang
Summary: This study revealed the protective role of TBC1D15 in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury by regulating mitochondrial homeostasis. TBC1D15 attenuated mitochondrial damage and fragmentation, preserved mitochondrial function, and activated asymmetrical mitochondrial fission through promoting mitochondria-lysosome contacts untethering. These findings highlight the potential of targeting TBC1D15 in the management of myocardial I/R injury.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jiangen Liu, Xianjing Song, Youyou Yan, Bin Liu
Summary: Mitochondria play a crucial role in maintaining heart function by providing energy to cardiomyocytes and regulating cell homeostasis. Dynamic proteins such as GTPase-dependent mitochondrial fusion and fission proteins are key players in the occurrence and development of heart diseases.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Takeshi Tokuyama, Shigeru Yanagi
Summary: Mitochondrial dynamics, including fusion and fission processes, play critical roles in maintaining heart health. Dysregulation of these processes can lead to various cardiac diseases. Understanding and regulating mitochondrial dynamics could be a promising therapeutic approach for heart diseases.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Steven Wade, Mireille Khacho
Summary: Mitochondrial dynamics play an emerging role in regulating stem cell function by influencing intracellular signaling cascades and maintaining a dynamic balance critical for key physiological events within cells.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY & CELL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Elisa B. Randi, Karim Zuhra, Laszlo Pecze, Theodora Panagaki, Csaba Szabo
Summary: In mammalian cells, cyanide exhibits a biphasic effect on mitochondrial Complex IV activity, stimulating it at low concentrations and inhibiting it at higher concentrations. Low levels of cyanide lead to increased cell proliferation and ATP production, while higher levels result in inhibition of cellular bioenergetics. The presence of cyanide-producing enzymes in mammalian cells suggests a regulatory role for endogenous cyanide.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Biology
David Taylor, Juliana Germano, Yang Song, Hanane Hadj-Moussa, Stefanie Marek-Iannucci, Raeesa Dhanji, Jon Sin, Lawrence S. C. Czer, Kenneth B. Storey, Roberta A. Gottlieb
Summary: Hypothermia is a valuable clinical tool in mitigating ischemic consequences, primarily through reducing metabolism and inhibiting mitochondrial fission. It leads to elongation of cardiac mitochondria and suppressed oxygen consumption, potentially through decreased expression of key proteins like TRPV1 and pDrp1S616.
Article
Cell Biology
Riddhi Banerjee, Abhishek Kumar, Priyadarshi Satpati, Shirisha Nagotu
Summary: This study investigated the effects of four disease-causing mutations in the middle domain of Drp1 on the yeast Dnm1, revealing alterations in mitochondrial morphology and protein function in cells expressing the mutated variants. Significant impacts on protein structure and function were observed in cells expressing A430D and G397D mutations. Overall, the data provided insights into the molecular and cellular alterations resulting from middle domain mutations in Dnm1.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chad A. Galloway, Yisang Yoon
ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING
(2015)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chad A. Galloway, Sonal Dalvi, Sandy S. C. Hung, Leslie A. MacDonald, Lisa R. Latchney, Raymond C. B. Wong, Robyn H. Guymer, David A. Mackey, David S. Williams, Mina M. Chung, David M. Gamm, Alice Pebay, Alex W. Hewitt, Ruchira Singh
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2017)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Chad A. Galloway, Hakjoo Lee, Paul S. Brookes, Yisang Yoon
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY
(2014)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chad A. Galloway, Yisang Yoon
ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING
(2013)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Chad A. Galloway, Hakjoo Lee, Souad Nejjar, Bong Sook Jhun, Tianzheng Yu, Wei Hsu, Yisang Yoon
Editorial Material
Physiology
Chad A. Galloway, Yisang Yoon
JOURNAL OF GENERAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2012)
Article
Microbiology
Elysia A. Masters, Karen L. de Mesy Bentley, Ann Lindley Gill, Stephanie P. Hao, Chad A. Galloway, Alec T. Salminen, Diamond R. Guy, James L. McGrath, Hani A. Awad, Steven R. Gill, Edward M. Schwarz
Article
Orthopedics
Karen L. de Mesy Bentley, Chad A. Galloway, Gowrishankar Muthukrishnan, Scott R. Echternacht, Elysia A. Masters, Stephan Zeiter, Edward M. Schwarz, Jonathan I. Leckenby
Summary: Recent breakthroughs in understanding orthopaedic infections have been made through advances in transmission electron microscopy imaging of murine models, particularly in revealing the colonization process of Staphylococcus aureus in the bone networks. Three-dimensional reconstruction highlighted adjacent uninfected canaliculi, suggesting viable osteocytes may respond and resist infection in chronic osteomyelitis, opening new research directions.
JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Orthopedics
Elysia A. Masters, Stephanie P. Hao, H. Mark Kenney, Yugo Morita, Chad A. Galloway, Karen L. de Mesy Bentley, Benjamin F. Ricciardi, Brendan F. Boyce, Edward M. Schwarz, Irvin Oh
Summary: Osteomyelitis, a severe complication of orthopedic surgery, is commonly caused by Staphylococcus aureus and Group B Streptococcus. In a murine model, S. aureus induced more severe damage compared to S. agalactiae, with the former showing greater virulence and the latter exhibiting a vasculotropic mode of infection.
JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biology
Cynthia Tang, Jimin Han, Sonal Dalvi, Kannan Manian, Lauren Winschel, Stefanie Volland, Celia A. Soto, Chad A. Galloway, Whitney Spencer, Michael Roll, Caroline Milliner, Vera L. Bonilha, Tyler B. Johnson, Lisa Latchney, Jill M. Weimer, Erika F. Augustine, Jonathan W. Mink, Vamsi K. Gullapalli, Mina Chung, David S. Williams, Ruchira Singh
Summary: Mutations in CLN3 lead to photoreceptor cell loss in CLN3 disease, affecting the phagocytosis of photoreceptor outer segments by retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells. Patient-derived cells show that CLN3 is essential for RPE cell structure and phagocytosis, suggesting potential for gene therapy targeting RPE cells in treating CLN3 disease.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Humberto Mestre, Natasha Verma, Thom D. Greene, LiJing A. Lin, Antonio Ladron-de-Guevara, Amanda M. Sweeney, Guojun Liu, V. Kaye Thomas, Chad A. Galloway, Karen L. de Mesy Bentley, Maiken Nedergaard, Rupal I. Mehta
Summary: The study reveals that the pia mater, previously thought to confine fluid flow around blood vessels in the brain, is actually perforated and permissive to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow. The pial structure and function are found to be associated with CSF transport and amyloid clearance, suggesting a previously unrecognized role of pia in regulating aging and disease in the brain.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Trishna Shah, Sue E. Leurgans, Rashi I. Mehta, Jingyun Yang, Chad A. Galloway, Karen de Mesy L. Bentley, Julie A. Schneider, Rupal I. Mehta
Summary: The study investigates the microstructure and functions of arachnoid granulations (AG) in the brain. It shows that AG harbor immune cells and communicate with perisinus spaces, suggesting their roles in neuroimmune functions and as transarachnoidal passageways. These findings have implications for glymphatic-lymphatic coupling and mechanisms of diseases.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Sonal Dalvi, Chad A. Galloway, Lauren Winschel, Ali Hashim, Celia Soto, Cynthia Tang, Leslie A. MacDonald, Ruchira Singh
CELL DEATH DISCOVERY
(2019)
Article
Ophthalmology
Chad A. Galloway, Sonal Dalvi, Audra M. A. Shadforth, Shuko Suzuki, Molly Wilson, David Kuai, Ali Hashim, Leslie A. MacDonald, David M. Gamm, Damien G. Harkin, Ruchira Singh
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2018)
Correction
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Siew Chin Chan, Chih-Wei Tung, Chia-Wei Lin, Yun-Shiuan Tung, Po-Min Wu, Pei-Hsun Cheng, Chuan-Mu Chen, Shang-Hsun Yang
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Suyuan Liu, Meiling Tan, Jiangxue Cai, Chenxuan Li, Miaoxin Yang, Xiaoxiao Sun, Bin He
Summary: This study reveals that the antibiotic doxycycline effectively inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation by targeting mitochondrial translation and mtDNA synthesis, offering potential for the treatment of NLRP3-related diseases.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hao Liu, Nana Li, Ge Kuang, Xia Gong, Ting Wang, Jun Hu, Hui Du, Minxuan Zhong, Jiashi Guo, Yao Xie, Yang Xiang, Shengwang Wu, Yiling Yuan, Xinru Yin, Jingyuan Wan, Ke Li
Summary: Protectin D1 (PTD1) improves hepatic steatosis, inflammation and fibrosis in a NASH mouse model by inhibiting the activation of TLR4 downstream signaling pathway, possibly through upregulation of IRAK-M expression, suggesting a potential new treatment for NASH.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2024)
