Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jalal Uddin, Syed Wadood Ali Shah, Muhammad Zahoor, Riaz Ullah, Amal Alotaibi
Summary: In this study, chalcones were synthesized and characterized, and their antioxidant and antidiabetic potential were evaluated. The results showed that JA3 exhibited high antioxidant and antidiabetic activity, demonstrating significant therapeutic efficacy in the animal model.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Florence M. Mashitoa, Tinotenda Shoko, Retha M. Slabbert, Jerry L. Shai, Yasmina Sultanbawa, Dharini Sivakumar
Summary: The study utilized OPLS-DA, UPLC-QTOF/MS, and chemometric approaches to differentiate between varieties of three pumpkin species. Phenolic metabolites, antioxidant activities, and enzyme inhibition were compared among the different pumpkin species, with genistin identified as a biomarker separating butternut squash from other species, and 7-methylquercetin-3-galactoside-6''-rhamnoside-3'''-rhamnoside separating Caserta squash. Green Hubbard had the highest antioxidant capacity, while butternut squash and Green Hubbard showed higher enzyme inhibition activities.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Belal M. Rahhal, Nidal Jaradat, Mohammed Hawash, Mohammad Qadi, Linda Issa, Aya Yahya, Sabreen Sanyora, Muhammad Saed, Fuad Al-Rimawi
Summary: Validating ethnobotanical data from underexplored traditional plant remedies provides an infinite source of new pharmaceutical chemicals. This study determined the phytochemical composition and biological activities of different extracts from Artemisia scoparia leaves. The results showed that acetone and ethanol extracts exhibit antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities, while hexane and acetone extracts have significant antimicrobial potential. These extracts can be further studied for the isolation and purification of bioactive compounds, and clinical investigations are needed to confirm their pharmaceutical benefits.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Qiya Zhong, Wen Sun, Yao Qin, Huadong Xu
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between dietary alpha-carotene and beta-carotene intake and cognitive function decline. The data from NHANES 2011-2014 were used, with 2009 participants included in the analysis. Logistic regression and restricted cubic spline models were applied, and it was found that higher intake of beta-carotene was associated with a lower risk of cognitive decline. The results suggest that dietary alpha-carotene and beta-carotene intake have inverse effects on cognitive function decline in older adults.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Hong Fang, Junjie Liu, Ruijuan Ma, Yiping Zou, Shih-Hsin Ho, Jianfeng Chen, Youping Xie
Summary: This study isolated and identified the coding genes of CsLCYB and CsLCYE in the lutein-enriched microalga Chlorella sorokiniana FZU60. Bioinformatics analysis revealed the key structural domains of CsLCYB and CsLCYE. CsLCYB efficiently beta-cyclized lycopene to produce beta-carotene, while CsLCYE exhibited strong epsilon-monocyclase activity for delta-carotene production and weak -bicyclic activity for -carotene production. Co-expression of CsLCYB and CsLCYE resulted in the major production of alpha-carotene, suggesting the potential for high-level lutein production in C. sorokiniana FZU60.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Abdul Sadiq, Mater H. Mahnashi, Umer Rashid, Muhammad Saeed Jan, Mohammed Abdulrahman Alshahrani, Mohammed A. Huneif
Summary: This study synthesized a new chiral molecule and evaluated its potential as an antidiabetic drug. The compound showed promising inhibitory effects on multiple antidiabetic targets and exhibited strong binding affinity with enzymes based on molecular docking analysis.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Supawadee Seubsasana, Bhanuz Dechayont, Weerachai Pipatrattanaseree, Nipapan Malisorn
Summary: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) accounts for 90% of all cases of diabetes and oxidative stress plays a role in its pathogenesis. Synthetic drugs for T2DM management have serious side effects, so researchers are exploring alternative options like phytochemicals from plant species. In this study, the antioxidant and alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activities of Belosynapsis ciliata extracts were evaluated, showing promising results for potential use in antidiabetic medications.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Gian Luigi Russo, Stefania Moccia, Maria Russo, Carmela Spagnuolo
Summary: Carotenoids, a class of compounds with important roles in foods, have been widely studied for their potential anticancer activity, but research results in this area vary; the dual nature of carotenoids acting as both antioxidants and pro-oxidants complicates mechanistic studies.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nikeherpianti Lolok, Sri Adi Sumiwi, Dwi Syah Fitra Ramadhan, Jutti Levita, I. Sahidin
Summary: The study found that stigmasterol and beta-sitosterol in Morinda citrifolia fruit can effectively inhibit the activity of a-amylase and a-glucosidase.
JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR STRUCTURE & DYNAMICS
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
J. X. Wu, C. Zong, T. Shao, Y. S. Liang, Josh. C. McCann, Z. H. Dong, J. F. Li, J. Zhang, Q. H. Liu
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the impact of different sugars on alfalfa silages, revealing that supplementation of fructose, glucose, and sucrose increased alpha-linolenic acid content, while molasses treatment reduced beta-carotene loss. Next-generation sequencing results showed alterations in bacterial communities. Citrobacter, Pediococcus, and Lactococcus were positively correlated with lipoxygenase, while Lactobacillus was involved in degrading alpha-tocopherol.
ANIMAL FEED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Cheng Zong, Qifeng Wu, Aili Wu, Sifan Chen, Dong Dong, Jie Zhao, Tao Shao, Qinhua Liu
Summary: The study revealed significant impacts of different treatments on the diversity of fatty acids and the loss mechanisms of polyunsaturated fatty acids and fat-soluble vitamins in alfalfa silages. Adding LP and PA reduced the losses of PUFA and fat-soluble vitamins, improving the fermentation quality of the silage.
ANIMAL FEED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Diana Gomes Gradissimo, Vivian Cassia Oliveira da Silva, Luciana Pereira Xavier, Sidney Vasconcelos do Nascimento, Rafael Borges da Silva Valadares, Silvia Maria Mathes Faustino, Maria Paula Cruz Schneider, Agenor Valadares Santos
Summary: Microalgae and cyanobacteria are potential sources for biotechnological metabolites, including glucosidase inhibitors, which can act on enzymes related to various diseases and infections. The study in the Brazilian Amazon found activity against glucosidase enzymes in some environmental samples, with certain strains showing high inhibitory activity. Nutritional limitations can impact the production of these inhibitors, and proteomic analysis of cyanobacteria under stress conditions provides valuable insights for industrial applications.
Article
Integrative & Complementary Medicine
Nausheen Nazir, Muhammad Zahoor, Faheem Uddin, Mohammad Nisar
Summary: The essential oil extracted from the fruits of Elaeagnus umbellata demonstrated reasonable antioxidant, anticholinesterase, and antidiabetic potentials, suggesting it could be a potential alternative medicine in treating diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders. However, further studies are needed to isolate responsible compounds and evaluate the observed potential in animal models.
BMC COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE AND THERAPIES
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Maarten J. Mackenbach, Eline A. J. Willemse, Jan J. A. van den Dorpel, Nadine A. M. E. van der Beek, Jordi Diaz-Manera, Dimitris Rizopoulos, Charlotte Teunissen, Ans T. van der Ploeg, Johanna M. P. van den Hout
Summary: This study examines the association between neurofilament light (NfL) and central nervous system (CNS) involvement in patients with classic infantile Pompe disease. The results suggest that NfL levels may serve as a potential biomarker for assessing CNS damage in this population.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Saima Muzammil, Yunsheng Wang, Muhammad Hussnain Siddique, Errum Zubair, Sumreen Hayat, Muhammad Zubair, Arpita Roy, Rabia Mumtaz, Muhammad Azeem, Talha Bin Emran, Muhammad Qasim Shahid
Summary: This study evaluated the medicinal potential of Coronopus didymus extracts against cancer, diabetes, infectious bacteria, and oxidative stress and identified the bioactive compounds present in these extracts. The methanol-based extract showed the highest polyphenol content and antioxidant activity, while the ethanol-based extract demonstrated the highest antiproliferative and alpha glucosidase inhibitory activities. No antibacterial properties were observed. Further studies should focus on identifying specific bioactive compounds.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
M. Graca Dias, Elsa Vasco, Francisco Ravasco, Lufsa Oliveira
Summary: This study estimated the vitamin D intake of "adults" and "elderly" populations in Portugal using the TDS methodology. The results showed that the majority of people had inadequate vitamin D intake, well below the Dietary Reference Values.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Yanan Wang, Jiachen Shi, Yong-Jiang Xu, Chin-Ping Tan, Yuanfa Liu
Summary: This study investigates the variations in lipid digestion profiles among individuals of different ages using in vitro digestion models. The findings suggest that adults have a more comprehensive lipid digestion compared to infants, and infants tend to release shorter chain length and more saturated free fatty acids during digestion. Additionally, the particle sizes in the stomach of the elderly were consistently larger. This study enhances our understanding of how lipids with different degrees of unsaturation undergo digestion in diverse age groups.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Hyunjong Yu, Huisu Kim, Pahn-Shick Chang
Summary: Chitosan-pectin emulsion-filled hydrogel (EFH) was developed to enhance the bioaccessibility of lipophilic bioactive compounds through intestinal delivery. The EFH, prepared without crosslinking agents, demonstrated improved mechanical strength and compactness with higher pectin concentration. It retained the emulsion at pH 2.0 and released it at pH 7.4, resulting in enhanced release of free fatty acids and improved bioaccessibility of curcumin.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Tongze Zhang, Siqi Hong, Jia-Rong Zhang, Pin-He Liu, Siyi Li, Zixian Wen, Jianwei Xiao, Guirong Zhang, Olivier Habimana, Nagendra P. Shah, Zhongquan Sui, Harold Corke
Summary: Lactic acid fermentation significantly affects the morphology and physicochemical properties of proso millet starch, including the formation of surface indentations and small pores, decrease in gelatinization temperatures, and changes in hardness and adhesiveness.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Liqin Kong, Feng Hong, Peng Luan, Yiping Chen, Yaoze Feng, Ming Zhu
Summary: This study presents a novel impedance biosensor using composite nanomaterials and T1R1 as a signal probe, which can competitively and ultra-sensitively detect umami intensity. The biosensor exhibits exceptional analytical performance and is suitable for food flavor evaluation.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Kunying Lv, Yixin Yang, Qilong Li, Ran Chen, Liang Deng, Yiwei Zhang, Ning Jiang
Summary: Horse's milk, with its high nutritional value and low allergenic proteins, could be a substitute for cow's milk in infant consumption. A proteomic method was used to identify and compare milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) and whey proteins from different horse breeds. The study found differences in protein composition and functionality, which could support the development of formulas more suitable for human infants.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Enrique Jacobo Diaz-Montana, Helene Brignot, Ramon Aparicio-Ruiz, Thierry Thomas- Danguin, Maria Teresa Morales
Summary: Sensory perception of virgin olive oil is influenced by phenols and volatiles, which are affected by the composition of the oil and biological factors. This study investigated the effect of saliva and phenols on the release of volatiles, and found that the presence of phenols decreased the release of saturated volatiles.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Wei Zhou, Rui Zhang, Zhen Cai, Fangfang Wu, Yong Hu, Chao Huang, Kun Hu, Yun Chen
Summary: Environmentally friendly and outstanding pH-responsive cationic starch nanoparticles (CSNP) were prepared from pH-sensitive starch. CSNP exhibited nanosize and regular sphere, highly free-flowing molecular chains, and demonstrated excellent pH responsiveness through multiple emulsion/demulsification transitions.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Andrea Koo, Vinayak Ghate, Weibiao Zhou
Summary: This study suggests that direct seeding may negatively affect the nutritional quality of crops, causing a decrease in ascorbic acid, vitamin K, and total glucosinolate content.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Tonghao Du, Yazhou Xu, Xiaoyan Xu, Shijin Xiong, Linli Zhang, Biao Dong, Jinqing Huang, Tao Huang, Muyan Xiao, Tao Xiong, Mingyong Xie
Summary: This study successfully improved the ACE inhibitory activity of black sesame seeds by fermenting them with Lactobacillus Plantarum NCU116 and hydrolyzing them using acid protease. The RF-PSO model was used to predict the ACE inhibitory activity during the hydrolysis process. Eight peptides with ACE inhibitory activity were identified from fermented black sesame seed hydrolysates after separation and screening.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Yao Liu, Songyi Lin, Kexin Liu, Shan Wang, Qiaozhen Liu, Na Sun
Summary: This study analyzed the structural changes of shrimp proteins during digestion, predicted the immunodominant epitopes, and validated their allergenicity. The results showed that shrimp proteins were degraded into peptides during digestion, but still carried IgE epitopes that trigger allergic reactions.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Tiantian Fu, Hongwei Cao, Yu Zhang, Xiao Guan
Summary: This study investigates the impact of milling on the active components in rice, with a focus on the stability and bioaccessibility of phenols, VB1, and alpha-GABA during cooking and digestion. The findings show that milling exacerbates the instability of gamma-GABA during cooking and VB1 during digestion, and it affects the bioaccessibility of these active compounds.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Zhihao Yang, Yanru Hou, Min Zhang, Puxin Hou, Chang Liu, Lu Dou, Xiaoyu Chen, Lihua Zhao, Lin Su, Ye Jin
Summary: This study investigated the molecular mechanism of feeding regimes on lamb flavor by using TMT labeling combined with MS. The results showed that pasture-fed groups had higher levels of amino acids and volatile flavor substances compared to concentrate-fed groups. Additionally, several differentially abundant proteins associated with lamb flavor were identified.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Zixuan Xie, De Zhang, Junyu Zhu, Qianqian Luo, Jun Liu, Jingtao Zhou, Xiaoyong Wang, Yuqiong Chen, Zhi Yu, Dejiang Ni
Summary: This study investigated the acidification of aroma-enhanced black tea during storage. Analysis of non-volatile substances and organic acids using UPLC-Q-TOF/MS and HPLC revealed a decrease in soluble sugars and amino acids, while an increase in organic acids such as oxalic acid, malic acid, and quinic acid. In vitro experiments further demonstrated that the acidification is a result of the decomposition of sugars and amino acids by heating, as well as the oxidation of aromatic aldehydes. Additionally, the study showed that the taste composition of tea infusion is altered, with reduced amino acids, catechins, soluble sugars, and flavonoids. This research provides a theoretical basis for improving the quality of black tea.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Lin Wang, Falai Ma, Zihan Li, Yan Zhang
Summary: This study developed time-temperature integrators based on amyloglucosidase@Cu3(PO4)2 nanoflowers for monitoring the freshness of chilled pork. The results showed that the integrators were highly reliable and accurate in predicting the quality of chilled pork.