Article
Food Science & Technology
Yizhuo Zhang, Xuelian Li, Hongwei Tian, Baoju An, Bing Yan, Jun Cai
Summary: This study revealed for the first time that Vip3Aa is transported to the medium via membrane vesicles (MVs). The researchers found that Vip3Aa is not secreted by the General Secretion (Sec) System, but rather through MVs. Furthermore, they discovered that the signal peptide of chitinase B (ChiB) can be substituted with the N-terminal 39 amino acids from Vip3A, allowing successful secretion through MVs.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Seong-Cheol Park, Jin-Young Kim, Jong-Kook Lee, Hye Song Lim, Hyosuk Son, Su-Hyang Yoo, Seong-Eun Mun, Mi-Kyeong Jang, Jung Ro Lee
Summary: The study evaluated the antifungal activity and mechanism of Bacillus thuringiensis Vip3Aa protein through its penetration into fungal cells and subsequent intracellular damage. Furthermore, it was found that the protein may induce apoptosis in Candida albicans cells, leading to growth inhibition. The findings suggest the potential applications of Vip3Aa protein in the development of natural antimicrobial agents.
Review
Microbiology
Mamta Gupta, Harish Kumar, Sarvjeet Kaur
Summary: Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) bacterium produces Vip proteins with insecticidal properties, which have different mechanisms of action compared to Cry proteins. Vip proteins target a variety of pests and can be used alone or in combination with Cry proteins.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Paweena Ouying, Boonhiang Promdonkoy, Anchanee Kubera
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the biological activity of Vip3Aa protein against beet armyworm. The results showed that Vip3Aa protein has high insecticidal activity and can cause damage to the midgut epithelial cells of beet armyworm.
Review
Microbiology
Hannah L. Best, Lainey J. Williamson, Emily A. Heath, Helen Waller-Evans, Emyr Lloyd-Evans, Colin Berry
Summary: This review focuses on the role of carbohydrate binding in the toxicity of the most utilized group of Bt pesticidal proteins-three domain Cry (3D-Cry) toxins. Bt proteins are an environmentally safe and effective alternative to chemical pesticides and have been used as biopesticides with great commercial success for over 50 years. The evolution of resistance to Bt pesticidal toxins threatens sustainable agriculture, and it is critical to understand the mechanisms behind receptor binding and toxicity in order to develop novel toxin variants and prevent future resistance evolution.
FEMS MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Pedro F. P. Brandao-Dias, Emma J. Rosi, Arial J. Shogren, Jennifer L. Tank, David T. Fischer, Scott P. Egan
Summary: The study found that Cry proteins exhibit biphasic degradation in experimental streams, with initial rapid degradation within 1 hour followed by a slow and steady phase. Water column dissolved oxygen and pH were found to influence the degradation rate of proteins, indicating that water chemistry plays a critical role in both degradation and detection.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alexander Arsov, Maria Gerginova, Tsvetelina Paunova-Krasteva, Kaloyan Petrov, Penka Petrova
Summary: This study aimed to classify Bacillus thuringiensis strains for broad-spectrum pest control. Twenty strains were isolated from Bulgarian soil, with seven strains containing cry genes. Scanning electron microscopy revealed different crystal shapes produced by these strains. B. thuringiensis serovar galleriae BTG contained the most cry genes. Whole-genome sequencing and annotation of the BTG strain demonstrated its high potential for broad-spectrum insecticide development.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Rafael Fonseca Benevenuto, Hermoine Jean Venter, Caroline Bedin Zanatta, Rubens Onofre Nodari, Sarah Zanon Agapito-Tenfen
Summary: This article discusses whether omics techniques are suitable for comprehensive screening of metabolic changes in genetically modified plants, finding that omics techniques can provide a comprehensive analysis of genetic information and metabolism in genetically modified plants.
TRENDS IN FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Entomology
Juan Luis Jurat-Fuentes, David G. Heckel, Juan Ferre
Summary: Insecticidal proteins from Bt bacterium are widely used as successful alternatives to synthetic pesticides, but the evolution of resistance in target pests remains a major threat. High-level resistance to Bt sprays is limited in the field, but several lepidopteran and coleopteran species have developed practical resistance to Bt proteins produced in transgenic plants.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENTOMOLOGY, VOL 66, 2021
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Diego Herman Sauka, Cecilia Peralta, Melisa Paula Perez, Maria Ines Onco, Angelika Fiodor, Javier Caballero, Primitivo Caballero, Colin Berry, Eleodoro Eduardo del Valle, Leopoldo Palma
Summary: In this study, a novel strain of Bacillus toyonensis biovar Thuringiensis was characterized, showing toxicity against insects and potential as an insecticidal agent.
BIOLOGICAL CONTROL
(2022)
Article
Zoology
Mary Carmen Torres-Quintero, Ivan Arenas-Sosa, Fernando Zuniga-Navarrete, Victor Manuel Hernandez-Velazquez, Andres Alvear-Garcia, Guadalupe Pena-Chora
Summary: This study reveals the aphicidal effect of Cry toxin from Bt strain GP919 on the pests Myzus persicae, with a mortality rate of over 80% at a concentration of 10 ng/µl. The protein responsible for this effect, Cry1Cb2, was successfully purified and identified. This finding suggests that Cry1Cb2 could potentially be used as an environmentally friendly tool for controlling sap-sucking insect pests.
JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Eduardo C. Oliveira-Filho, Cesar K. Grisolia
Summary: The use of microbial insecticides and their toxins has raised concerns about their potential impacts on the environment and human health. Global assays have been conducted to investigate their toxicity and adverse effects. The data indicates that these products and toxins have low toxicity and risk compared to pesticide concentrations, but further research is needed to assess their effects on human health.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xiaohong Pan, Tengzhou Huang, Yun Fang, Wenhua Rao, Xueping Guo, Danyue Nie, Dingyang Zhang, Fang Cao, Xiong Guan, Zhi Chen
Summary: By utilizing discharged vegetable wastes as the raw fermentation medium, a cost-effective biopesticide was developed with optimal exogenous additives and fermentation conditions, showing good insecticidal effect on Helicoverpa armigera. This study provides a new strategy for vegetable waste utilization with reduced environmental impact and production cost.
ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Guendalina Marini, Brad Poland, Chris Leininger, Natalya Lukoyanova, Dan Spielbauer, Jennifer K. Barry, Dan Altier, Amy Lum, Eric Scolaro, Claudia Perez Ortega, Nasser Yalpani, Gary Sandahl, Tim Mabry, Jeffrey Klever, Timothy Nowatzki, Jian-Zhou Zhao, Amit Sethi, Adane Kassa, Virginia Crane, Albert L. Lu, Mark E. Nelson, Narayanan Eswar, Maya Topf, Helen R. Saibil
Summary: Detailed structural analyses of the insecticidal protein Mpf2Ba1 reveal transitions between its three main stages of pore formation, providing insights into the molecular mechanisms of bacterial pore assembly and advancing crop biotechnology and food security.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Yudong Quan, Jing Yang, Yueqin Wang, Patricia Hernandez-Martinez, Juan Ferre, Kanglai He
Summary: Laboratory selection can help understand the potential and mechanisms of insect populations' resistance, showing that a field population of Mythimna separata rapidly evolved high levels of resistance to Vip3Aa but not to Cry1Ab or Cry1F. Studies on binding mechanisms did not reveal differences between susceptible and resistant populations, suggesting altered binding may not be the main resistance mechanism.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Haseen Ahmed, Jainendra Pathak, Rajneesh, Piyush K. Sonkar, Vellaichamy Ganesan, Donat-P. Haeder, Rajeshwar P. Sinha
Summary: The study found that exposure to ultraviolet radiation inhibited the growth and chlorophyll a content of hot spring cyanobacteria, but increased total carotene content. Additionally, the efficiency of photosystem II and electron transport rate decreased, while non-photochemical quenching increased and photochemical quenching decreased under certain light conditions. Reactive oxygen species levels significantly increased under specific exposure conditions, and the antioxidant machinery showed significant enhancement. The discovery of a mycosporine-like amino acid, shinorine, and its electrochemical and antioxidant properties were also highlighted in the study.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Minu Kesheri, Swarna Kanchan, Rajeshwar P. Sinha
Summary: This study investigated the responses of antioxidants and photosynthetic pigments in the cyanobacterium Oscillatoria sp. inhabiting sewage water during different seasons. The results showed seasonal variations in the presence and intensity of certain enzymes and pigments.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rajneesh, Soumila Mondal, Jainendra Pathak, Prashant R. Singh, Shailendra P. Singh, Rajeshwar P. Sinha
Summary: Photolyases are enzymes that use light to repair UV-induced damage. By analyzing the amino acid sequences of cyanobacterial genomes, five classes of photolyases were identified. The distribution of these classes varied depending on the habitat of the organisms. Novel binding sites were also discovered, providing insights for the development of efficient photolyase-based formulations.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Vinod Kumar, Soumila Mondal, Anjali Gupta, Pankaj K. Maurya, Rajeshwar P. Sinha, Donat-P Hader, Shailendra P. Singh
Summary: The impact of salinity stress on growth behavior and physiological parameters in Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 is dependent on the light environment. High light environment alleviates the negative effect of salinity stress on the organism.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Rajesh Kumar, Arthita Bhattacharjee, Shruti Tiwari
Summary: Plant viruses are serious pathogens that cause severe damage to crops globally. Developing induced resistance in plants against viruses, particularly using ribosome inactivating proteins (RIPs) from non-host plants, is an effective approach. The use of RIPs has shown potential in inhibiting virus multiplication in host plants and reducing the impact of virus infections.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amit Gupta, Niharika Sahu, Ashish P. Singh, Vinay Kumar Singh, Suresh C. Singh, Vijay J. Upadhye, Alen T. Mathew, Rajnish Kumar, Rajeshwar P. Sinha
Summary: This study identified potential inhibitors against the main protease (Mpro) of SARS-CoV-2 through virtual screening and molecular docking. Among the identified hits, usnic acid showed stability and effectiveness in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 Mpro. Therefore, usnic acid, variolaric acid, and gyrophoric acid could serve as lead compounds for the development of antiviral drugs targeting SARS-CoV-2.
APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Suchitra Kamle, Bing Ma, Chang Min Lee, Gail Schor, Yang Zhou, Chun Geun Lee, Jack A. Elias
Summary: COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has led to a global pandemic. The emergence of viral variants, such as delta and omicron, has posed challenges to treatment and prevention. This study highlights the potential of targeting chitinase 3-like-1 (CHI3L1) as a universal therapeutic target for COVID-19.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Niharika Sahu, Sonal Mishra, Minu Kesheri, Swarna Kanchan, Rajeshwar P. Sinha
Summary: The study identified cyanobacterial photoprotective compounds as potential inhibitors against ACE2, a druggable target of SARS-CoV-2. Molecular docking and other analyses indicated that mycosporine-glycine-valine and shinorine have the potential to be potent ACE2 inhibitors and can be explored further for COVID-19 treatment.
INDIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Pooja Bhardwaj, Sthita Pragnya Behera, Nikita Nanaware, Kamran Zaman, Hirawati Deval, Rajni Kant, Smita Kulkarni, Rajesh Kumar, Gaurav Raj Dwivedi, Rajeev Singh
Summary: This study analyzes antigenic variants of Orientia tsutsugamushi using the entire TSA56 ORF and reveals Karp and Gilliam as the predominant strains. The conserved spacer region of TSA56 is crucial for investigating OT immunological response.
ARCHIVES OF MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Charlotte Guetta-Terrier, David Karambizi, Bedia Akosman, John P. Zepecki, Jia-Shu Chen, Suchitra Kamle, J. Eduardo Fajardo, Andras Fiser, Ritambhara Singh, Steven A. Toms, Chun Geun Lee, Jack A. Elias, Nikos Tapinos
Summary: Chi3l1 is a secreted protein highly expressed in glioblastoma that alters the state of glioma stem cells (GSC) and supports tumor growth. It interacts with CD44, inducing Akt/(3-catenin signaling and MAZ transcriptional activity, leading to a pro-mesenchymal feed-forward loop and increased GSC self-renewal. Targeting Chi3l1 with a blocking antibody inhibits tumor growth and improves survival, making it a potential therapeutic target for glioblastoma.
Review
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Rajesh Kumar, Shalini Srivastava, Vivek Prasad
Summary: Genetic engineering is an attractive strategy for creating disease-resistant plants by incorporating genes for ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs), pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins, pathogen-derived genes, or using RNA interference and CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing tools.
JOURNAL OF PLANT DISEASES AND PROTECTION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Jainendra Pathak, Deepak Kumar, Deepak K. Singh, Haseen Ahmed, Vinod K. Kannaujiya, Rajeshwar P. Sinha
Summary: Enhanced ultraviolet radiation and increased salinity negatively impact the productivity of photoautotrophs. Cyanobacteria, known for their ability to survive in high UV environments, are valuable for studying plant adaptations to salt and UV stress. Research on the effects of salinity, radiation, and UVR on two cyanobacteria species showed increased ROS production and significant protein and pigment profile changes under stress conditions.
BIOINTERFACE RESEARCH IN APPLIED CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Bing Ma, Bedia Akosman, Suchitra Kamle, Chang-Min Lee, Chuan Hua He, Ja Seok Koo, Chun Geun Lee, Jack A. Elias
Summary: Evasion of the immune response is a hallmark of cancer, and CHI3L1 plays a critical role in tumor progression by stimulating the PD-1/PD-L1 axis and other checkpoint molecules. Individual and bispecific antibodies targeting CHI3L1 and PD-1/PD-L1 axis represent a promising therapy for pulmonary metastasis and progression.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Himani Patel, Anil K. Pokharia, N. Nihildas, Niraj Rai, Rajeshwar P. Sinha
Summary: The study of macrobotanical remains at the Rithi Ranjana site in Vidarbha, Maharashtra, India, reveals that staple food-grains were rice, barley, and wheat. Evidence of fruits gathered by ancient settlers and the presence of winter and summer crops were also found, indicating the cultural period of Early Iron Age at the site.
Article
Plant Sciences
H. Ahmed, J. Pathak, D. K. Singh, A. Pandey, Rajneesh, V Singh, D. Kumar, P. R. Singh, R. P. Sinha
Summary: Physico-chemical parameters such as pH, temperature, nitrate, phosphate, alkalinity, acidity, BOD, COD, and UVR have a strong impact on aquatic ecosystems, affecting phytoplankton diversity. Phytoplankton defends itself by synthesizing photoprotective compounds like scytonemin and MAAs, which were investigated in polluted sites of the Ganges river. Dominated by Bacillariophyceae and Chlorophyceae, the phytoplankton community consisted of diverse taxa, with high concentrations of scytonemin and various MAAs detected in the studied samples.
INDIAN JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
M. Graca Dias, Elsa Vasco, Francisco Ravasco, Lufsa Oliveira
Summary: This study estimated the vitamin D intake of "adults" and "elderly" populations in Portugal using the TDS methodology. The results showed that the majority of people had inadequate vitamin D intake, well below the Dietary Reference Values.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Yanan Wang, Jiachen Shi, Yong-Jiang Xu, Chin-Ping Tan, Yuanfa Liu
Summary: This study investigates the variations in lipid digestion profiles among individuals of different ages using in vitro digestion models. The findings suggest that adults have a more comprehensive lipid digestion compared to infants, and infants tend to release shorter chain length and more saturated free fatty acids during digestion. Additionally, the particle sizes in the stomach of the elderly were consistently larger. This study enhances our understanding of how lipids with different degrees of unsaturation undergo digestion in diverse age groups.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Hyunjong Yu, Huisu Kim, Pahn-Shick Chang
Summary: Chitosan-pectin emulsion-filled hydrogel (EFH) was developed to enhance the bioaccessibility of lipophilic bioactive compounds through intestinal delivery. The EFH, prepared without crosslinking agents, demonstrated improved mechanical strength and compactness with higher pectin concentration. It retained the emulsion at pH 2.0 and released it at pH 7.4, resulting in enhanced release of free fatty acids and improved bioaccessibility of curcumin.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Tongze Zhang, Siqi Hong, Jia-Rong Zhang, Pin-He Liu, Siyi Li, Zixian Wen, Jianwei Xiao, Guirong Zhang, Olivier Habimana, Nagendra P. Shah, Zhongquan Sui, Harold Corke
Summary: Lactic acid fermentation significantly affects the morphology and physicochemical properties of proso millet starch, including the formation of surface indentations and small pores, decrease in gelatinization temperatures, and changes in hardness and adhesiveness.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Liqin Kong, Feng Hong, Peng Luan, Yiping Chen, Yaoze Feng, Ming Zhu
Summary: This study presents a novel impedance biosensor using composite nanomaterials and T1R1 as a signal probe, which can competitively and ultra-sensitively detect umami intensity. The biosensor exhibits exceptional analytical performance and is suitable for food flavor evaluation.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Kunying Lv, Yixin Yang, Qilong Li, Ran Chen, Liang Deng, Yiwei Zhang, Ning Jiang
Summary: Horse's milk, with its high nutritional value and low allergenic proteins, could be a substitute for cow's milk in infant consumption. A proteomic method was used to identify and compare milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) and whey proteins from different horse breeds. The study found differences in protein composition and functionality, which could support the development of formulas more suitable for human infants.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Enrique Jacobo Diaz-Montana, Helene Brignot, Ramon Aparicio-Ruiz, Thierry Thomas- Danguin, Maria Teresa Morales
Summary: Sensory perception of virgin olive oil is influenced by phenols and volatiles, which are affected by the composition of the oil and biological factors. This study investigated the effect of saliva and phenols on the release of volatiles, and found that the presence of phenols decreased the release of saturated volatiles.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Wei Zhou, Rui Zhang, Zhen Cai, Fangfang Wu, Yong Hu, Chao Huang, Kun Hu, Yun Chen
Summary: Environmentally friendly and outstanding pH-responsive cationic starch nanoparticles (CSNP) were prepared from pH-sensitive starch. CSNP exhibited nanosize and regular sphere, highly free-flowing molecular chains, and demonstrated excellent pH responsiveness through multiple emulsion/demulsification transitions.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Andrea Koo, Vinayak Ghate, Weibiao Zhou
Summary: This study suggests that direct seeding may negatively affect the nutritional quality of crops, causing a decrease in ascorbic acid, vitamin K, and total glucosinolate content.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Tonghao Du, Yazhou Xu, Xiaoyan Xu, Shijin Xiong, Linli Zhang, Biao Dong, Jinqing Huang, Tao Huang, Muyan Xiao, Tao Xiong, Mingyong Xie
Summary: This study successfully improved the ACE inhibitory activity of black sesame seeds by fermenting them with Lactobacillus Plantarum NCU116 and hydrolyzing them using acid protease. The RF-PSO model was used to predict the ACE inhibitory activity during the hydrolysis process. Eight peptides with ACE inhibitory activity were identified from fermented black sesame seed hydrolysates after separation and screening.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Yao Liu, Songyi Lin, Kexin Liu, Shan Wang, Qiaozhen Liu, Na Sun
Summary: This study analyzed the structural changes of shrimp proteins during digestion, predicted the immunodominant epitopes, and validated their allergenicity. The results showed that shrimp proteins were degraded into peptides during digestion, but still carried IgE epitopes that trigger allergic reactions.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Tiantian Fu, Hongwei Cao, Yu Zhang, Xiao Guan
Summary: This study investigates the impact of milling on the active components in rice, with a focus on the stability and bioaccessibility of phenols, VB1, and alpha-GABA during cooking and digestion. The findings show that milling exacerbates the instability of gamma-GABA during cooking and VB1 during digestion, and it affects the bioaccessibility of these active compounds.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Zhihao Yang, Yanru Hou, Min Zhang, Puxin Hou, Chang Liu, Lu Dou, Xiaoyu Chen, Lihua Zhao, Lin Su, Ye Jin
Summary: This study investigated the molecular mechanism of feeding regimes on lamb flavor by using TMT labeling combined with MS. The results showed that pasture-fed groups had higher levels of amino acids and volatile flavor substances compared to concentrate-fed groups. Additionally, several differentially abundant proteins associated with lamb flavor were identified.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Zixuan Xie, De Zhang, Junyu Zhu, Qianqian Luo, Jun Liu, Jingtao Zhou, Xiaoyong Wang, Yuqiong Chen, Zhi Yu, Dejiang Ni
Summary: This study investigated the acidification of aroma-enhanced black tea during storage. Analysis of non-volatile substances and organic acids using UPLC-Q-TOF/MS and HPLC revealed a decrease in soluble sugars and amino acids, while an increase in organic acids such as oxalic acid, malic acid, and quinic acid. In vitro experiments further demonstrated that the acidification is a result of the decomposition of sugars and amino acids by heating, as well as the oxidation of aromatic aldehydes. Additionally, the study showed that the taste composition of tea infusion is altered, with reduced amino acids, catechins, soluble sugars, and flavonoids. This research provides a theoretical basis for improving the quality of black tea.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Lin Wang, Falai Ma, Zihan Li, Yan Zhang
Summary: This study developed time-temperature integrators based on amyloglucosidase@Cu3(PO4)2 nanoflowers for monitoring the freshness of chilled pork. The results showed that the integrators were highly reliable and accurate in predicting the quality of chilled pork.
