Anti-inflammatory potential of thymosin β4 in the central nervous system: implications for progressive neurodegenerative diseases

Prothymosin alpha-deficiency enhances anxiety-like behaviors and impairs learning/memory functions and neurogenesis

(2017) Hiroshi Ueda et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY

Immunopotentiator Thymosin Alpha-1 Promotes Neurogenesis and Cognition in the Developing Mouse via a Systemic Th1 Bias

(2017) Ge Wang et al.   Neuroscience Bulletin

Hippocampal T cell infiltration promotes neuroinflammation and cognitive decline in a mouse model of tauopathy

(2016) Cyril Laurent et al.   BRAIN

Microglial toll-like receptors and Alzheimer’s disease

(2016) Fan Su et al.   BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY

Function of Thymosin Beta-4 in Ethanol-Induced Microglial Activation

(2016) Jianfeng Zhang et al.   CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY

Role of microRNAs in the regulation of innate immune cells under neuroinflammatory conditions

(2016) Ana L Cardoso et al.   CURRENT OPINION IN PHARMACOLOGY

Thymosin β4 overexpression regulates neuron production and spatial distribution in the developing avian optic tectum

(2016) Mael Lever et al.   HISTOCHEMISTRY AND CELL BIOLOGY

Thymosin beta4 promotes oligodendrogenesis in the demyelinating central nervous system

(2016) Jing Zhang et al.   NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE

Thymosin β as an Actin-binding Protein with a Variety of Functions

(2016) Aleksandra Kuzan   Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine

The suitability of BV2 cells as alternative model system for primary microglia cultures or for animal experiments examining brain inflammation

(2016) Anja Henn   ALTEX-Alternatives to Animal Experimentation

Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy discriminates the response to microglial stimulation of wild type and Alzheimer’s disease models

(2016) Marie-Christine Pardon et al.   Scientific Reports

Neuroinflammation, Microglia and Mast Cells in the Pathophysiology of Neurocognitive Disorders: A Review

(2015) Stephen Skaper et al.   CNS & Neurological Disorders-Drug Targets

The hippocampus

(2015) James J. Knierim   CURRENT BIOLOGY

Advances in the basic and clinical applications of thymosin β4

(2015) Allan L Goldstein et al.   EXPERT OPINION ON BIOLOGICAL THERAPY

Thymosin β4 as a restorative/regenerative therapy for neurological injury and neurodegenerative diseases

(2015) Michael Chopp et al.   EXPERT OPINION ON BIOLOGICAL THERAPY

Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease

(2015) Michael T Heneka et al.   LANCET NEUROLOGY

Thymosin β4 inhibits microglia activation through microRNA 146a in neonatal rats following hypoxia injury

(2015) Tian Zhou et al.   NEUROREPORT

The hippocampus in aging and disease: From plasticity to vulnerability

(2015) T. Bartsch et al.   NEUROSCIENCE

Peptide fragment of thymosin β4 increases hippocampal neurogenesis and facilitates spatial memory

(2015) D.H. Kim et al.   NEUROSCIENCE

Thymosin β4 Up-regulation of MicroRNA-146a Promotes Oligodendrocyte Differentiation and Suppression of the Toll-like Proinflammatory Pathway

(2014) Manoranjan Santra et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

A dose–response study of thymosin β4 for the treatment of acute stroke

(2014) D.C. Morris et al.   JOURNAL OF THE NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES

Reactive Gliosis and the Multicellular Response to CNS Damage and Disease

(2014) Joshua E. Burda et al.   NEURON

Toll-Like Receptor Signaling Pathways

(2014) Takumi Kawasaki et al.   Frontiers in Immunology

MicroRNA-146a: A Dominant, Negative Regulator of the Innate Immune Response

(2014) Reuben Saba et al.   Frontiers in Immunology

P2X4 receptors control the fate and survival of activated microglia

(2013) Nuria Vázquez-Villoldo et al.   GLIA

How Do Immune Cells Support and Shape the Brain in Health, Disease, and Aging?

(2013) M. Schwartz et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE

MicroRNA-146a Is Upregulated by and Negatively Regulates TLR2 Signaling

(2013) Edel M. Quinn et al.   PLoS One

Microglia and monocyte-derived macrophages: functionally distinct populations that act in concert in CNS plasticity and repair

(2013) Anat London et al.   Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience

Thymosin β4-sulfoxide attenuates inflammatory cell infiltration and promotes cardiac wound healing

(2013) Mark A. Evans et al.   Nature Communications

Neuroprotective and neurorestorative effects of thymosin β4 treatment following experimental traumatic brain injury

(2012) Ye Xiong et al.   Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

Contribution of Cerebrospinal Fluid Thymosin β4 Levels to the Clinical Differentiation of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease

(2012) Maria Le Pera et al.   ARCHIVES OF NEUROLOGY

Correlation of Alzheimer Disease Neuropathologic Changes With Cognitive Status: A Review of the Literature

(2012) Peter T. Nelson et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROPATHOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY

Neuroprotective and neurorestorative effects of thymosin β4 treatment initiated 6 hours after traumatic brain injury in rats

(2012) Ye Xiong et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY

MicroRNA 146a (miR-146a) Is Over-Expressed during Prion Disease and Modulates the Innate Immune Response and the Microglial Activation State

(2012) Reuben Saba et al.   PLoS One

Biological activities of thymosin β4 defined by active sites in short peptide sequences

(2010) Gabriel Sosne et al.   FASEB JOURNAL

Regenerative protein thymosin β-4 is a novel regulator of purinergic signaling

(2010) Kevin W. Freeman et al.   FASEB JOURNAL

Effect of toll-like receptor activation on thymosin beta-4 production by chicken macrophages

(2010) Lakshmi Kannan et al.   MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY

Novelty-evoked activity in open field predicts susceptibility to helpless behavior

(2010) Eimeira Padilla et al.   PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR

Characteristics of compounds that cross the blood-brain barrier

(2009) William A Banks   BMC Neurology

Downregulation of thymosin  4 in neural progenitor grafts promotes spinal cord regeneration

(2009) C. Mollinari et al.   JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE

CNS Infiltration of Peripheral Immune Cells: D-Day for Neurodegenerative Disease?

(2009) Kavon Rezai-Zadeh et al.   Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology

Neurological functional recovery after thymosin beta4 treatment in mice with experimental auto encephalomyelitis

(2009) J. Zhang et al.   NEUROSCIENCE

Thymosin beta 4 mRNA and peptide expression in phagocytic cells of different mouse tissues

(2009) Melissa Paulussen et al.   PEPTIDES

The Blood-Brain Barrier in Health and Chronic Neurodegenerative Disorders

(2008) Berislav V. Zlokovic   NEURON