Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ana Carolina Siqueira Zuntini, Marcio Vinicius Damico, Cristiane Damas Gil, Rosely Oliveira Godinho, Enio Setsuo Arakaki Pacini, Consuelo Latorre Fortes-Dias, Vanessa Moreira
Summary: The effectiveness of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the treatment of injury and muscle regeneration, especially when administered, is still controversial. This study investigated the effect of early administration of COX-2 inhibitor lumiracoxib on skeletal muscle degeneration and regeneration. The results showed that inhibiting COX-2 during the early stage of muscle degeneration reduced leukocyte influx, edema, and tissue damage. Furthermore, the second administration of lumiracoxib during the regenerative stage promoted muscle recovery and regeneration.
TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Nantawat Tatiyaborworntham, Fatih Oz, Mark P. Richards, Haizhou Wu
Summary: This article discusses the phenomenon of lipolysis in meat and meat products, particularly the hydrolysis of lipids through enzymatic catalysis. Lipolysis actively degrades triacylglycerols and phospholipids, resulting in the accumulation of free fatty acids and other hydrolytic products. It is commonly believed that lipolysis enhances lipid oxidation, leading to deterioration in meat quality and flavor development in certain meat products. However, recent studies have shown that in certain circumstances, lipolysis can inhibit lipid oxidation, providing insights into the mechanisms of lipid oxidation in muscle matrices and suggesting potential strategies for improving meat quality.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shun Yaginuma, Hiroki Kawana, Junken Aoki
Summary: Phospholipase A(1) (PLA(1)) is an enzyme that cleaves an ester bond at the sn-1 position of glycerophospholipids, producing a free fatty acid and a lysophospholipid. It plays an important role in maintaining the normal physiological functions of organisms.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Makoto Murakami
Summary: Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) is a group of enzymes that release fatty acids and lysophospholipids from glycerophospholipids. They have been implicated in signal transduction, membrane homeostasis, energy production, and lipid pathway regulation. Perturbation of PLA2-driven lipid pathways may be associated with various diseases. This review discusses the physiological functions of the PLA2 superfamily, focusing on different PLA2 families and their roles in lipid metabolism.
PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Hyoung-Woo Bai, Chengxi Yang, Pan Wang, Shun Rao, Bao Ting Zhu
Summary: The study demonstrates that galangin is a novel naturally-occurring inhibitor of COX-1 and COX-2, acting by blocking the function of the reducing cosubstrates at the peroxidase sites, providing a potential therapeutic target for inflammatory conditions.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Nurit Argov-Argaman, Tzach Glasser, Hussein Muklada, Oren Hadaya, Ronit Mesilati-Stahy, Chen Raz, Serge Yan Landau
Summary: This study investigated the effects of different feeding treatments and processing methods on the lipidome components in milk from dairy goats. Results showed that grazing goats had higher fat content and lower phospholipid content, with pasteurization reducing the phospholipid-to-triglyceride ratio. Sensitivity of phospholipid composition to pasteurization varied between feeding treatments.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Na Ni, Jiaying Zheng, Wenji Wang, Linyong Zhi, Qiwei Qin, Youhua Huang, Xiaohong Huang
Summary: SGIV infection disrupted the homeostasis of host-cell GPs, affecting FA metabolism, especially AA. The key enzyme cPLA2 played a crucial role in SGIV replication, with inhibitors of 5-LOX and COX significantly suppressing replication.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Jie Wen, Scott Sackett, Mikiei Tanaka, Yumin Zhang
Summary: Chronic neuropathic pain resulting from peripheral nerve damage is a significant clinical problem. Inhibition of endocannabinoid hydrolysis and oxygenation simultaneously may be a suitable strategy for the treatment of inflammatory and neuropathic pain. This study demonstrates that the combination of a fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) inhibitor and a substrate-selective COX-2 inhibitor reduces pain behaviors and inflammatory response in a chronic constriction injury (CCI) mouse model.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yani Arhab, Karim Bessaa, Houda Abla, Meryem Aydin, Renaud Rahier, Arnaud Comte, Leyre Brizuela, Saida Mebarek, Florent Perret, Mickael Cherrier, Abdelkarim Abousalham, Alexandre Noiriel
Summary: This study investigates the impact of structural modifications of PLD inhibitors on enzyme activity and aims to identify new potent inhibitors of eukaryotic PLDs. Vanadate was found to be the most potent inhibitor among all, with an IC50 of around 58 μM. Screening a chemical library of 3120 compounds helped optimize the screening process and paved the way for the discovery of new potent inhibitors.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Agnieszka Gegotek, Anna Jastrzab, Marta Dobrzynska, Michal Biernacki, Elzbieta Skrzydlewska
Summary: The study found that rutin was more effective at protecting lipid membranes from UV-induced oxidation compared to ascorbic acid, despite the latter's stronger antioxidant properties. The combined use of both antioxidants showed the greatest cytoprotective effect, particularly in down-regulating inflammatory markers and increasing cell viability following radiation. The mixture of antioxidants provided stronger protection for membrane phospholipids in keratinocytes and the endocannabinoid system in fibroblasts.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Zhiran Ju, Menglan Li, Junde Xu, Daniel C. Howell, Zhiyun Li, Fen-Er Chen
Summary: Cyclooxygenases play a vital role in inflammation, but currently used anti-inflammatory drugs have associated adverse effects. Researchers are searching for novel selective COX-2 inhibitors.
ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA B
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chen-Yu Zhang, Xiao-Hua Tan, Hui-Hui Yang, Ling Jin, Jie-Ru Hong, Yong Zhou, Xiao-Ting Huang
Summary: This study found that restoring the balance of sEH/COX-2-mediated ARA metabolism attenuated NAFLD by inhibiting hepatocyte senescence. PTUPB, a dual inhibitor of sEH and COX-2, significantly improved liver injury and reduced lipid accumulation in NAFLD mice. It also decreased the expression of senescence-related molecules and enhanced autophagy in hepatocytes. These findings suggest that PTUPB has a protective effect against NAFLD through its anti-senescence and pro-autophagy properties.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Xilin Ning, Xiaohui Wang, Zheyun Guan, Yan Gu, Chunsheng Wu, Wenhe Hu
Summary: The study found that deep ploughing and returning of straw can effectively enhance the microbial activity, enzyme activity, and grain yield in the soil, with more pronounced effects in the 20-40 cm subsoil layer.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Minakshi A. Meshram, Utkarsha O. Bhise, Priyanka N. Makhal, Venkata Rao Kaki
Summary: Inflammation is a complex pathological process leading to various diseases, with different treatments available but limitations exist. The development of new, effective, and safe anti-inflammatory agents is needed to address the shortcomings of current treatments.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Eliana Alves, Abigail Simoes, M. Rosario Domingues
Summary: Thousands of tons of fruit seeds are discarded annually worldwide as agro-industrial byproducts, which have high oil content and rich in fatty acids, yet remain poorly studied in terms of their lipid profile. Current analytical methods allow accurate identification and structural characterization of compounds in small quantities, while lipidomic analysis will provide a new perspective on these value-added byproducts.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2021)